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La evidencia en la dependencia del petróleo en la economía ecuatoriana persiste, a pesar de los esfuerzos por diversificar la matriz productiva. Los obstáculos en términos de inversión, tecnología y estabilidad política y económica han dificultado los avances en esta dirección documental y un análisis de datos secundarios. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la dependencia petrolera en Ecuador durante el período 2018-2022. Para ello, se utilizó una metodología de investigación documental y un análisis de datos secundarios. Los resultados indican que, durante este período, el sector petrolero ecuatoriano ha enfrentado una serie de desafíos que han limitado su capacidad de producción y refinación. Factores como problemas operativos, limitaciones en la infraestructura y el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 han contribuido a una disminución en la producción de crudo, lo que ha tenido un efecto negativo en los ingresos del país y su posición competitiva en el mercado global. Además, este artículo resalta la necesidad de que Ecuador implemente estrategias integrales para reducir su dependencia del petróleo, diversificando sus fuentes de ingresos y promoviendo un desarrollo económico más sostenible a largo plazo.

Copyright of International Journal of Professional Business Review (JPBReview) is the property of Open Access Publications LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agri-food cooperatives are fundamental for social cohesion in rural areas, where they are mostly concentrated. These organizations not only enhance the competitiveness of their members' farms but also generate wealth and employment, helping to retain population and combat rural depopulation. This study analyzes the factors influencing Murcian agricultural producers' decisions to join cooperatives. To do this, a Probit regression model is employed, based on survey data from 225 agricultural producers in the Region of Murcia, both cooperative members and non-members. The results show that household economic dependence on agriculture, preference for long-term commercial relationships, and specialization in olive oil or dairy products increase the likelihood of cooperative membership. Conversely, the availability of alternative marketing options and higher risk aversion decreases this likelihood. This analysis provides valuable information for cooperative managers, sector organizations, and public administrations by offering a profile of agricultural producers, which aids in designing strategies to attract new members and consolidate existing ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Higher life expectancy has produced a higher older people porpulation, not necessarily with a consistent quality of life, showing a high rate of vulnerability and dependence. The current social and health crisis situation has highlighted the need to create new integrated models of care that could be translated into social and health policies. Objective: The present study aims to develop, test, and validate an innovative integrated care model for older people with dependence and at risk of social exclusion and their caregivers. Methods: The TEC-MED project participants are nine project partners and six associated partners, with geographic coverage from six countries in the Mediterranean basin, Spain, Tunisia, Italy, Lebanon, Egypt, and Greece. Project coordination will take place at three different levels, macro, meso and micro, through six work packages. The pilot phase uses qualitative-quantitative method to assess the impact of the TEC-MED project, it is expected to train 36 Training Agents, six per country, who apply to a total of 28,200 people (mainly elders and their caregivers). Conclusion: The study proposes a new social integrated care organizational model focused on the integration of social and health care, comprising the governance model; the organization structure and the skills profiles for the caring personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the contributions of Vânia Bambirra, one of the founders of the Marxist Theory of Dependency (TMD), to the critical understanding of dependent capitalism in Latin America and the effects of monopolistic integration on peripheral economy countries. To this end, we will present her life, intellectual and activist career, as well as her method of approaching dependent capitalism based on an analysis of the integral history of Latin American countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción: La fatiga post-diálisis es un síntoma común en los pacientes de hemodiálisis, que describen como sensación de agotamiento y cansancio, teniendo que descansar o tomar una siesta. Objetivos: Analizar el tiempo de recuperación después de una sesión de hemodiálisis e identificar factores relacionados. Material y Método: Estudio observacional transversal y prospectivo, realizado en marzo de 2023, incluyendo a los pacientes que llevaran más de un mes en programa de hemodiálisis crónica. Se estudiaron variables demográficas, tiempo de tratamiento, turno de diálisis, tiempo en tratamiento sustitutivo renal, volumen de ultrafiltración, complicaciones intradiálisis, calidad del sueño, medio de transporte, tiempo de desplazamiento, escalas de: fragilidad, dependencia, cuestionario de fatiga (cansancio) y tiempo de recuperación post-diálisis estimado por el paciente. Los datos se obtuvieron de la historia clínica y del soporte informático Versia®. Resultados: Se incluyeron 39 pacientes, 26 hombres, edad media 66,12±13,41 años, tiempo en tratamiento sustitutivo renal 100,17±140,30 meses, duración de la sesión hemodiálisis 248,07±12,80 minutos, volumen de ultrafiltración 2311,33±733,83 ml, tiempo de recuperación post-diálisis 92,69±97,93 minutos. El 64,10% usaban ambulancia, la calidad del sueño era mala o regular en el 43,58%, presentaron complicaciones intradiálisis el 15,38%, Barthel 91,897±20,41, eran pre-frágiles o frágiles el 94,9%, la puntuación media del cuestionario de fatiga fue 18,92±7,93. Conclusiones: La hemodiálisis tiene un efecto de cansancio en los pacientes, sin embargo, existe una gran variabilidad en el tiempo de recuperación entre pacientes. El tiempo medio de recuperación de los pacientes fue de hora y media, encontrando relación con el nivel de dependencia.

La alta disponibilidad y el potente efecto analgésico ha hecho de los medicamentos opioides una excelente alternativa para el tratamiento del dolor moderado y severo. Sin embargo, su potencial adictivo lo convierten un arma de doble filo; por un lado, hacen mucho bien, pero, por otro, pueden dar al traste con el tratamiento médico del padecimiento base, amén de las complicaciones en todas las áreas de la vida del sujeto. El presente caso, de un paciente con drepanocitosis y una úlcera profunda en miembros inferiores, que desarrolla, sin darse cuenta y con el apoyo de toda la familia, una adicción a codeína, es un claro ejemplo de la complejidad terapéutica de un padecimiento físico crónico y el consumo de opioides. El desarrollo involuntario de la adicción, las complicaciones exacerbadas en el padecimiento de fondo y el caos personal y familiar, hace patente la relevancia de un tratamiento especializado para la adicción a codeína.

The prehispanic Andes are an environment teeming with living beings, both human and non-human. Non-human entities exhibit many similar traits to Andean societies, including a hierarchy, characters with individual personalities and motivations. Regular interactions between humans and these entities were necessary to protect against them. Especially the most important entities, the highest peaks called apus, were potential protectors, but also a constant threat. Visibility and sight are an important aspect in the relationship, as anything within sight of an apu could be considered under its influence and thus could receive a positive or negative impact depending on its mood. This article focuses on that connection between Andean communities and the powerful apus, and how the Inca state could have used architecture to disrupt it using the example of the Vitcos valley. After the incorporation of the Vilcabamba region into the Tawantinsuyu, the Incas built Vitcos as their administrative and religious center and the former larger site Viracochan was abandoned. This meant moving a high-altitude settlement to the valley floor, changing the area that was visible to humans on a daily basis and impacting their communication with the apus of the Cordillera Vilcabamba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the major transformations of the landscape and ecosystem that the Cochabamba Valley underwent was due to the conquest by the Incas, which caused the displacement of its population and the relocation of mitimaes from all parts of Tawantinsuyu to work the newly expropriated state lands. Thus, the valley became a new centre of dependency and consolidation of the Inca state. Only shortly afterwards, the Spanish conquest, through new displacements of labour, created colonial dependencies, but based on already-existing structures, especially on the state farms. The lands themselves became the nucleus of colonial exploitation and therefore the focus of conflicts between Spaniards and indigenous people, but also between the indigenous people themselves. Our aim is to understand the intertwining of the dependencies created in the course of both conquests, which were reflected in various modifications of the landscape and ecosystem. To do so, we innovatively use combined archaeological (GIS mapping, survey, excavation) and ethnohistorical (data systematisation and toponymy) methods, so as to understand the location and use of land in the changing dependency landscapes of the Cochabamba valley from the Late Intermediate Period (1000/1100-1470 AD) to the early colonial period (1538-1700 AD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: the Encrucijada Community Mental Health Center is attended by adolescents with symptoms of video game addiction; the family influence on this problem is unknown. Objective: to describe the relationship between family characteristics and dependence on the use of video games in adolescents. Methods: a cross-sectional study was developed; 93 adolescents constituted the universe and 89 of them the sample, they were selected by non-probabilistic sampling. An interview, a video game dependency test, the test to measure family functioning and the inventory of family health problems were applied. Dependence on video games and family characteristics were defined as variables. Statistically, percentages and the Chi square test of independence were used. Results: 51.7% of adolescents presented moderate dependence on video games and 19.1% had high dependence. In adolescents from large families, 41.2% had high dependency; This dependency occurred in 30.0% of those from four-generational families, in 19.1% of those who formed extended conglomerates, in 66.7% of those who lived in severely dysfunctional groups, and in 77.8% of those who lived in severely dysfunctional groups. % of those who experienced extreme criticality. Conclusions: medium and trigenerational families, large and moderately functional, with moderate criticality, were common. Adolescents with moderate dependence on video games predominated; high dependence was unusual. The degree of dependency was related to belonging to large, four-generational, extended, severely dysfunctional families with extreme criticality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este artículo presenta un modelo Norte-Sur de Deuda y Distribución (NSDD) que combina la dinámica de la deuda externa del Sur con ciclos distributivos simultáneos en ambas regiones. El modelo incluye intuiciones estructurales planteadas por Dutt (1989, 1990), dinámicas cíclicas del modelo de Goodwin (1967), y restricciones en la balanza de pagos del Sur. El modelo estudia la estabilidad de la deuda externa sureña y su simulación numérica brinda varias interpretaciones de economía política, como la posibilidad de que una elevada tasa de interés sobre la deuda externa puede empeorar los ciclos distributivos en perjuicio de los trabajadores del Sur.

It is proposed to discuss strategic dependence in peripheral countries. Theoretical production privileges foreign industrial/technological transfers as a perpetual source of dependence. Here, supported by the bibliography, the approach is inverted based on the concept of strategic autonomy, thought in terms of freedom of decision, political action, and, fundamentally, of thought. Without autonomous strategic thinking, the autonomy of political decision-making in the area of defense is nothing more than a mirage for the periphery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present study is to show how care for the elderly appears witnessed and widely developed in Athenian tragedy, specifically in two plays by Sophocles: Antigone and Oedipus at Colonus. Added to this is the exposition of the prominent role that women played in everything related to this care, as well as that which was provided to the dead. Hence, special emphasis is placed on the fact that much of what is related to funeral rites, in ancient Greece, was reserved for women and prohibited for men. Furthermore, the importance that senescence has in the work of Sophocles is detailed, exemplified in the dramatic weight of the tragic chorus, made up, uniquely and exclusively, of elderly people. This work, therefore, highlights the preponderant role that, in care and attention to dependency, played two of the marginalized sectors in Athenian society, such as women and the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanization management in sugarcane production bases today faces difficulties such as the obsolescence of machinery with an average age for tractors higher than 30 years. The high dependence on external services, the duality of the harvesting system where external services are received from modern combines. and a park of old machines is operated by sugar cane production bases such as cooperatives, fragmented into teams of very low productivity, which affects the organization of logistics, technical assistance and the use of transportation. This paper theoretically demonstrates the advantages in machinery management achieved by forming labor fronts with the equipment of two or more bases, to jointly harvest the sugarcane areas. Likewise, the advantages of using the fronts as operational centers for other tasks that can be fulfilled with high quality in unison with the harvest or immediately after it is executed. The implementation of the fronts in the 2021 - 2022 harvest is described, resulting greater productivity for the harvesters grouped in the new system and demonstrating the possibility of achieving greater sugar yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Resumo Nas últimas décadas o capitalismo passou por diversas transformações na esfera produtiva e tecnológica, sejam essas relacionadas às novas tecnologias em áreas de comunicação e informação, ou à infraestrutura dos sistemas de informação, inovações na inteligência artificial, empresas digitais e de plataforma. Todas essas mudanças vêm moldando a forma pela qual a acumulação de capital opera e também a relação entre os países dentro da hierarquia interestatal. Partindo de elaborações teóricas clássicas e atuais sobre a dependência latino-americana - e com foco nas transformações produtivas e tecnológicas -, este trabalho visa a investigar como a dependência do continente se apresenta atualmente diante desta nova conjuntura e quais suas diferentes formas de manifestação. Os resultados do trabalho apontam para o quadro em que, enquanto países centrais, e alguns emergentes como a China, avançam na fronteira destas novas tecnologias, outros, como os latino-americanos, permanecem na mesma posição histórica de fornecedores de matérias-primas e também na posição mais recente de consumidores destas novas tecnologias. A partir das elaborações teóricas sobre a dependência e da investigação das transformações em curso, busca-se demostrar como tais transformações relacionam-se ao desenvolvimento histórico do capitalismo em que novos atores (como a China), ao adentrar cada vez mais na fronteira do desenvolvimento tecnológico e aproximar-se dos países latino-americanos, assumem uma posição relevante na definição do quadro da dependência do continente.

La revolución tecnológica, ha traído para el desarrollo de la sociedad varios aspectos positivos, sin embargo, también ha generado diversos desafíos asociados a las denominadas tecnoadicciones, dentro de los cuales se cuenta la dependencia al teléfono móvil, un tipo de adicción tecnológica que limita el desarrollo integral de los jóvenes estudiantes, dentro de las que se cuenta, una disminución en las actividades físicas. Por esta razón la investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de la dependencia al móvil en la baja actividad física en estudiantes universitarios peruanos. Se siguió una investigación cuantitativa, explicativa-causal, con diseño no experimental, la cual tuvo como universo la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, con una población estudiantil para el periodo académico 2023-I de 18480 discentes, de los cuales fueron seleccionados 384 a partir de un muestreo basado en criterios, a quienes se les aplicaron dos instrumentos. Los resultados reflejan que la influencia tanto para la prueba Pseudo R2 de Cox y de Snell y, de Nagelkerke, la dependencia al móvil incide en un 86% en la baja tasa de actividad física. Dentro de las conclusiones se destaca la necesidad urgente de implementar estrategias y programas de concienciación en instituciones educativas y universidades para promover un uso equilibrado de los dispositivos móviles. Palabras clave: teléfonos móviles; dependencia; adicción; actividad física; estudiantes universitarios Abstract. The technological revolution has brought several positive aspects to the development of society, however, it has also generated various challenges associated with the so-called technoaddictions, among which is the dependence on the mobile phone, a type of technological addiction that limits the integral development of young students, among which is a decrease in physical activities. For this reason, the research aimed to determine the influence of mobile phone dependence on low physical activity in Peruvian university students. A quantitative, explanatory-causal research was followed, with a non-experimental design, which had as universe the National University of the Altiplano of Puno, with a student population for the academic period 2023-I of 18480 students, of which 384 were selected from a criteria-based sampling, to whom two instruments were applied. The results show that the influence of both Cox and Snell's Pseudo R2 test and Nagelkerke's dependence on mobile has an 86% impact on the low rate of physical activity. The conclusions highlight the urgent need to implement awareness-raising strategies and programs in educational institutions and universities to promote a balanced use of mobile devices. Keywords: mobile phones; dependence; addiction; physical activity; university students

Neste artigo, fazemos uma descrição da análise de dados econômicos do mercado cinematográficos brasileiro de 2016 a 2019 para argumentar que o cinema nacional, ainda hoje, tem um caráter dependente. A partir da crítica de Paulo Emílio Sales Gomes e Jean-Claude Bernardet nos anos 1960 e 1970 à ocupação do mercado nacional pelo produto importado, trouxemos teoricamente duas categorias fundamentais das economias dependentes com raízes coloniais: a transferência de valor como intercâmbio desigual e a cisão entre produção e consumo, um divórcio nos ciclos das fases do capital. Expomos essas categorias para demonstrar como, ainda hoje, os dados reafirmam a ocupação e o domínio do mercado de cinema brasileiro por empresas de grande capital - nacionais e multinacionais. Uma das consequências imediatas, dentre outras, é que a atividade cinematográfica acaba sendo rentável apenas para poucos grupos, enquanto a maioria dos agentes nacionais apenas acessa de forma marginal o mercado consumidor por dificuldades de distribuição.

La adecuación de los centros residenciales sociales a la Estrategia estatal de Desinstitucionalización requiere de una serie de cambios y transformaciones que afectan al espacio físico donde tiene lugar el día a día de las personas que lo habitan y utilizan. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto de las limitaciones arquitectónicas para las personas con discapacidad que viven en centros de carácter institucional. Para ello, utilizamos el método de análisis temático inductivo en 24 entrevistas y 2 grupos focales realizadas a un total de 45 personas de tres centros españoles (incluyendo perfiles profesionales sanitarios, técnicos, personas usuarias y familiares). Los resultados se organizan en cuatro temas principales: 1) Relación del edificio hacia el exterior; 2) Instalaciones obsoletas y problemas de mantenimiento; 3) Inseguridades derivadas; y 4) Criterios organizativos y estructurales. En definitiva, los centros analizados presentan carencias graves que limitan la autonomía de las personas con o sin discapacidad que residen o que hacen uso de ellos. Más estudios son necesarios para promover tipologías, programas funcionales y criterios de diseño basados en evidencias, alineados con políticas públicas, que fomenten la autonomía e independencia de las personas con diversidad funcional. Asimismo, es necesaria también la promoción de una mayor relación con la comunidad y el entorno circundante, y un diseño más ergonómico y saludable para todas las personas, incluido el personal trabajador de este tipo de dotaciones y equipamientos.

Introducción: el envejecimiento poblacional, junto al aumento de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles han llevado a un incremento en la prevalencia de las personas en situación de dependencia severa, requiriendo que familiares, amigos o vecinos asuman roles de cuidadores. Este estudio se enfoca en identificar a la población de cuidadores de personas con dependencia severa y facilitar su adherencia en programas de capacitación para en un Centro de Salud Familiar (CESFAM) en Puente Alto, Santiago de Chile. Métodos: se detectaron 82 cuidadores de pacientes con dependencia severa, de los cuales 47 seguían siendo cuidadores activos. Se encuestó telefónicamente a 35 cuidadores de pacientes con dependencia severa. Se recopiló información sobre acceso a internet, tiempo disponible y conocimiento sobre la disponibilidad de capacitaciones. Además, se evaluó el nivel de sobrecarga en los cuidadores utilizando la escala de Zarit abreviada (EZA). Resultados: el 83% de los cuidadores encuestados tenía acceso a internet, aunque se identificaron barreras como la falta de tiempo y conocimiento sobre las capacitaciones disponibles. Se encontró que el 62.8% de los cuidadores experimentaba sobrecarga severa. Estos resultados sugieren la falta de mecanismos para el cuidado de pacientes dependientes y la necesidad de facilitar la participación en programas de capacitación. Conclusiones: el estudio ofrece una breve representación sobre los cuidadores de personas con dependencia severa en un contexto de atención primaria. Se concluye que se requieren intervenciones multidisciplinarias para acercar instancias de capacitación y optimizar el cuidado del cuidador. Como parte de estas intervenciones, se desarrolló un manual del cuidador que servirá como recurso para el equipo de salud del CESFAM Madre Teresa de Calcuta, con el fin de brindar apoyo efectivo a los cuidadores.

Norbert Elias opõe-se fortemente aos pensamentos que estabelecem barreiras intransponíveis entre os termos antitéticos, elementos cujas existências seriam separadas umas das outras, como se fossem entidades autônomas e independentes. Seu projeto de uma teoria social é superar a oposição excludente que sustenta que as coisas dependem ou do indivíduo ou da sociedade. Na perspectiva de Norbert Elias, o que acontece é uma imbricação na qual os dois elementos se influenciam mutuamente, cada um produzindo transformações no outro. De acordo com sua sociologia figuracional, o processo de formação da autocoerção do indivíduo, ao mesmo tempo que direciona suas ações e seus desejos, também determina o modo como a sociedade se organiza. O indivíduo, por sua vez, não se transforma passivamente, mas se molda conforme as estruturas da sociedade.

RESUMO Trata-se de um artigo-síntese, onde o autor resume sua teoria do desenvolvimento e do subdesenvolvimento. Algumas ideias básicas são aqui apresentadas: a teoria econômica do desenvolvimento deve começar com o estudo da história; o subdesenvolvimento é um fenômeno histórico e econômico específico, que não pode ser pensado em termos de etapas lineares da história; esse fenômeno histórico deve ser estudado em termos estruturais, relacionando a história e os aspectos econômicos; a característica básica do subdesenvolvimento é a relação de dependência, expressa no sistema centro-periferia; no estudo do desenvolvimento o conceito básico para começar é o conceito de excedente social, suas formas de apropriação e utilização. O artigo termina com uma análise das frustrações de um reformista. O protecionismo, que era justificável numa primeira fase da industrialização, foi mantido por muito tempo na América Latina; numa segunda fase, era necessária uma política econômica ativa para as exportações. Por outro lado, o risco populista sempre esteve presente, enquanto os reais problemas sociais relacionados ao alto nível de concentração de renda não foram resolvidos.

Resumo Como retomar um projeto de desenvolvimento que contemple a reforma urbana e o direito à cidade? Buscamos esboçar um marco teórico-analítico compatível com essa possibilidade, entendendo que as cidades brasileiras podem funcionar como vetores da reconstrução da nação, após o período recente de sucessivas crises, com destaque para a crise urbana. Propomos adotar horizontes amplos de investigação dos “problemas urbanos”, sustentando que eles devem ser considerados à luz da forma histórica contemporânea da dependência e das circunstâncias abertas com o golpe de 2016, que impôs uma inflexão ultraliberal ao País. Defendemos, por fim, que, após esse golpe, o “caráter antinacional do urbano” foi radicalizado e que sua compreensão pode se beneficiar do resgate do debate sobre a urbanização dependente.

El cambio climático, plantea desafíos a las latitudes del sur. La apuesta por nuevos modelos económicos que contraríen hábitos de consumo insostenibles; lleva a reconsiderar la relación de un desarrollo económico sostenible, con iniciativas incipientes en las latitudes del sur, en consideración de la implementación de economías circulares y bioeconomías; sin embargo, dichas iniciativas no deben ignorar las realidades sociales, culturales e históricas latinoamericanas, realidades que apelan a un contexto dependiente y multicultural, en el cual se presentan caminos posibles para el desarrollo de economías circulares y bioeconomías.

Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de un programa de ejercicio físico sobre la resistencia aeróbica en adultos mayores del Asilo San José de Pamplona, Colombia. Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental no probabilístico, por conveniencia con criterios de selección de la muestra y aplicación de pretest – postest con grupo control. Población conformada por 94 adultos mayores institucionalizados en el Asilo San José de Pamplona, Colombia. Se utilizó Escala Barthel para valorar funcionalidad física en términos de dependencia o independencia a las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD); la muestra estuvo conformada por 12 adultos mayores; divididos en dos grupos: A (grupo experimental) y B (grupo control), que cumplieron criterios de inclusión. Se evaluó resistencia aeróbica de los sujetos que conformaron la muestra mediante el test de caminata de 6 minutos y la percepción de esfuerzo con la aplicación de la Escala de Borg. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de variables y prueba estadística “t” student para muestras independientes con nivel de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Predomina el género masculino en el 62,76% de los valorados; el 43,6% mostró leve dependencia, en relación con sus actividades de la vida diaria (ABVD). Posterior a la intervención con el programa de ejercicio físico aumentó la media de la distancia recorrida en el grupo experimental pasando de 233,6 metros a 316,6 metros. El programa de ejercicio físico es efectivo sobre la resistencia aeróbica en los adultos mayores p= 0,009. Conclusiones: Se demostró efectividad estadísticamente significativa con la aplicación del programa de ejercicio físico sobre la resistencia aeróbica.

O estudo tem como objetivo central analisar as condições materiais e da dependência latino-americana, assim como as reflexões e elaborações em torno do subdesenvolvimento, frente às diretrizes do sistema capitalista mundial e suas relações diante de potencial emancipação política da América Latina. A relevância da emancipação como fundamento determinante para além da sobrevivência política de um Estado suplementa o avanço independente e autônomo em advento combativo de interferências e influências exploratórias internacionais. Para dispor de razoabilidade e explicação, tanto histórica quanto político-econômica, suscita-se como importante a aprofundada investigação e análise das dinâmicas exploradoras e, consequentemente, dos desdobramentos oriundos destas para a configuração da América Latina diante do sistema capitalista mundial. Como marco teórico adjunto, metodologicamente complementar à premissa da pesquisa, será abarcada a análise das obras Dialética da Dependência e Desenvolvimento do Subdesenvolvimento, ambas da vertente teórica marxista da dependência (de natureza Bibliográfica secundária) – de Ruy Mauro Marini e André Gunder Frank – a fim de compreender a dinâmica das relações dadas entre centro/metrópole e periferia/satélite. Pôde-se concluir que sem a superação da superexploração do trabalho e das trocas desiguais, a condição de dependência e subdesenvolvimento da América Latina tende a se manter, refratando uma Emancipação Política vislumbrável.

The aging of academics from the National System of Researchers (SNII) in Veracruz is addressed based on their experiences, expectations, prospects and loss of autonomy. To do this, a qualitative analysis is carried out of the concerns, fears, hopes and desires that older researchers have. Identification data that remains anonymous were collected and data on their social environment, health, work and retirement expectations were interpreted, topics that were addressed in the project from which this article is derived. The information collected shows that the aging process among the academics in the sample is perceived within a fixed time, but it advances in a time that does not stop and that in the long run leads to economic, physical, health, identity, meaning and changes. meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work analyzes the performance of the current export pattern of productive specialization in Latin America after the global economic crisis of 2008. It maintains that in the 2010 decade and the beginning of the following decade, the region suffered the exhaustion of said pattern as a product of the measures and responses by global capital to confront the fall in profit rates caused by the Great Recession and stimulate the share of surplus value within the fra-mework of the current international division of labor. Thus, Latin America suffered from the slowdown in its external trade; low economic dynamism; production stagnation; reduction of public resources and expenses; decline in income redistribution; growth of labor informality; increased unemployment and high levels of poverty and inequality, which resulted in a further deterioration in living conditions and the exacerbation of the super-exploitation of work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The copious and uncontrolled practice of exercise can generate psychological dependence and mood changes. Emotional regulation and negative affectivity are relevant processes for the development of addictive patterns. This study analysed the differences in negative affectivity and emotional regulation based on the practice profile of exercise; the relationship between exercise dependence, emotional regulation, and negative affectivity; and the mediating role of emotional regulation in such relationship. 375 endurance sports practitioners participated. The differences in the physical exercise practice profiles were significant in all the study variables. Exercise dependence correlated positively and significantly with emotional regulation difficulties and with negative affectivity. Emotional regulation difficulties were predictors of exercise dependence. There was a mediating effect of emotional regulation difficulties between negative affect and exercise dependence. Improving emotional regulation skills could prevent the onset of exercise dependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perceived stress has been related to tobacco consumption and it has been observed that women may be more susceptible to this. However, even though women may present a higher level of stress and men a greater tobacco consumption, the association between perceived stress and tobacco consumption is different between men and women. The objective of this study was to know the predictive level of perceived stress on pattern of consumption in men and women interested in quitting smoking. 58 (31 women and 27 men) smokers participated and their pattern of consumption, consumption history and perceived stress were evaluated. The results showed that only in women perceived stress predicts the pattern of consumption (F (1) = 4.353, p = .046) and nicotine dependence (F (1) = 6.498, p = .016). These results point to the importance of implementing stress management strategies in smoking cessation interventions and especially in women in order to maintain abstinence and have more successful treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The relationship offers the possibility of obtaining security, affection, attachment and development; however, it can sometimes become a source of dissatisfaction and discomfort that affects well-being (Urbano et al., 2021). The couple is a space where violence is often exercised or received, but it is also a space to reproduce relationship maintenance behaviors that tend to be positive for the relationship. Objective: Relate violence, relationship maintenance and dependency in university students. Method: The Sample was made up of 420 people, 122 men and 298 women between 20 and 38 years old, all university students. Results: The results indicate that violence is positively associated to dependency; also, the greater the violence received, the greater the violence exerted. Conclusion: Violence is related to the decrease in behaviors to maintain the relationship in the interaction and characteristics factors, and these three variables are related. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Los servicios sociales son un campo de las políticas públicas sometido a cambios y tensiones importantes. Estas tensiones y transformaciones tienen sus raíces tanto en cambios sociales profundos como en dificultades internas del sector. Este artículo trata de aportar al debate una aproximación a las raíces de estas tensiones, y algunas de las posibles vías de desarrollo. Solo trata de algunos de los problemas institucionales o estructurales del sector, sin entrar en los problemas de la práctica y la acción concreta que desarrollan los servicios sociales. Abordaremos, en primer lugar, algunos elementos generales sobre el origen y la naturaleza de las tensiones; en segundo lugar, trataremos de discutir si tiene sentido hablar de los servicios sociales con un único espacio o sector, o si se trata de un conjunto de cosas muy diversas; en tercer lugar, intentaremos identificar algunas de las posibles vías de desarrollo futuro de estos campos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]