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Objective To investigate depression and sexual function among pregnant and nonpregnant women throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 188 women, 96 pregnant and 92 non-pregnant were included. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) were applied to the participants after obtaining sociodemographic data. Results The depression scores of pregnant and non-pregnant women were similar (p = 0.846). We found that the depression scores were significantly higher among the group of participants who have lower economic status (p = 0.046). Moreover, the depression score was significantly higher among women who lost their income during the pandemic (p = 0.027). The score on the ASEX was significantly higher, and sexual dysfunction was more prevalent among women who have lower levels of schooling and income (p < 0.05). Likewise, the ASEX scores were significantly higher (p = 0.019) among the group who experienced greater income loss throughout the pandemic. Upon comparing the pregnant and non-pregnant groups, we detected that sexual dysfunction had a significantly higher rate among pregnant women (p < 0.001). Conclusion In times of global crisis, such as the current pandemic, low-income families have an increased risk of experiencing depression and sexual dysfunction. When we compared pregnant women with non-pregnant women, depression scores were similar, but pregnant women were at a 6.2 times higher risk of developing sexual dysfunction.

AMAÇ: Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVID-19 pandemisiyle savaş devam etmektedir. Pandemi tüm insanlarda olduğu gibi gebelerde de olumsuz psikolojik yükü arttırmıştır. Bu çalışma COVİD-19 pandemi sürecinin, sosyoekonomik durumu kötü olan bir coğrafi bölgede gebelerdeki anksiyete ve depresyon durumu üzerine etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Hastanemize başvuran 200 gebe Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) ve Hasta Sağlığı Anketi-9 (HSA-9) ile değerlendirildi.BULGULAR: Eşten destek almayan gebe kadınlarda ortalama HSA-9 skoru anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p=0,008). Gelir durumu kötü olan gebe kadınların ortalama BAÖ skoru, geliri durumu iyi olan gebe kadınların ortalama BAÖ skoruna göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p=0,015). Post-hoc analizine göre, kronik hastalıklara göre BAÖ skorunun anlamlı olarak değişmediği saptandı.SONUÇ: Pandemi döneminde, sosyoekonomik düzeyi düşük bir coğrafi bölgede yapılan bu çalışma, gebe kadınlarda anksiyete ve depresyon sıklığının arttığını belirledi. Anksiyete ve depresyonun olası komplikasyonlarından kaçınmak için olguların taranması ve gereksinim duyulması halinde profesyonel destek sağlanması gerekmektedir., OBJECTIVE: The war continues with the COVID-19 pandemic that affect the whole world. Pandemic has made negative impact on psychological well being of pregnant women as well as all people. This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemics on anxiety and depression during pregnancy in a population with low socioeconomic status.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 200 pregnant women who admittted to the hospital were evaluated with Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).RESULTS: The mean PHQ-9 score was significantly higher in women who were unable to receive support from their partners (p = 0.008). The mean BAI score of pregnant women with poor income were found to be significantly higher than those with a good income (p = 0.015). According to the Post-hoc analysis, it is found that that BAI score doesn’t differ significantly with respect to chronic diseases.CONCLUSIONS: This study which was conducted on a population of pregnant women with low socioeconomic status during the pandemic period found that there was an increase in anxiety and depression scores. In order to avoid possible complications of anxiety and depression, it is necessary to screen the cases and provide professional support when needed.

AMAÇ: Genital siğili olan kadınlarda lezyona nedenolan HPV tipini belirlemek ve bu kadınlarda servikal HPV ile sitolojiörnekleriyle karşılaştırmakMATERYAL VE METOD: Hastanemize nisan 2014- nisan2015 tarihleri arasında genital siğil nedeniyle başvuran kadınlardan lezyonüzerinden ve servikal sürüntüden HPV tiplendirilmesi yapılıp servikalsitolojileri incelendi. Çalışma prospektif bir çalışma olup hastanemiz etikkurulundan onay alınmış, çalışmayakatılmayı kabul eden kadınlara gerekli bilgilendirme yapılarak aydınlatılmışrıza belgesi alınmıştır. Çalışmamıza uygun olup rıza veren 44 kadın incelendi.BULGULAR: Çalışmamız yaşları 17 ile 60 yıl arasında değişmekte olan toplam 44 olgu üzerindeyapılmıştır. Olguların ortalama yaşları 35.75±11.67 yıldır. Olguların 17’si(%38.6) 30 yaş altında iken, 27’si (%61.4) 30 yaş ve üzerindedir. Genitallezyondan alınan örnekte yapılan HPV tiplendirilmesinde 35 (% 79.5) HPV tip6-11 izlenirken, 3 (%6.8) HPV tip 16-18 tespit edilmiş, 6 (%13,6) olguda iseHPV tespit edilememiştir. Olguların servikal HPV sonuçları incelendiğinde; 30(%68.2) HPV tip 6-11 3 (%6.8) HPV tip 16-18 , 2(%4.5) HPV diğer yüksek tipizlenirken, 9 (% 20.5) olguda servikal HPV negatif tespit edildi. Hastalarınservikal sitolojileri incelendiğinde; 35 (%79.5) smear sonucu normal iken,5’inde (%11.4) ASCUS, 4’ünde (%9.1) LGSIL tespit edilmiştir.SONUÇ: Genital siğilile başvuran hastalarda servikal HPV ve servikal displazi riskinin artmışolduğu göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Kondillomlu hastalarda servikal muayenedikkatlice yapılmalı, sitolojik örnekleme alınmalı ve gerektiğinde kolposkopieşliğinde biyopsi alınmasını düşünmekteyiz., OBJECTIVE: Todetermine the type of HPV that causes lesion in women with genital warts and tocompare them with cervical HPV and cytology samplesMATERIAL AND METHODS:HPV typing and cervical cytology were performed from women who applied to ourhospital between April 2014 and April 2015 due to genital warts. The study wasa prospective study and approval was obtained from the ethics committee of ourhospital and the informed consent was obtained to the women who accepted toparticipate in the study. Forty women were given to our study.RESULTS: Our study wascarried out on 44 patients whose ages ranged from 17 to 60 years. The mean ageof the patients was 35.75 ± 11.67 years. While 17 (38.6%) of the cases wereunder 30 years of age, 27 (61.4%) were over 30 years of age. In HPV typing ingenital lesion, 35 (79.5%) HPV type 6-11 were detected, 3 (6.8%) HPV type 16-18were detected, and 6 (13.6%) could not have HPV. When the cervical HPV resultswere examined; 30 (68.2%) HPV type 6-11, 3 (6.8%) HPV type 16-18, 2 (4.5%) HPVother high type were observed, 9 (20.5%) cases were cervical HPV negative. Whenthe cervical cytology of the patients were examined; While 35 (79.5%) smearresults were normal, 5 (11.4%) ASCUS and 4 (9.1%) LGSIL were detected.CONCLUSION: It shouldbe considered that increased risk of cervical HPV and cervical dysplasia in patientspresenting with genital warts. Cervical examination should be performedcarefully in patients with conduloma, cytological sampling should be taken andcolposcopy-guided biopsy should be taken if necessary.

Objective: To assess the colposcopic examination findings and biopsy results in women who tested positive for oncogenic Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) types other than HPV-16 and 18 while having otherwise normal Pap test results.Material and Method: This paper analyzes the results from a total of 300 women who tested positive for non-16/18 HPV types but had otherwise normal Pap test and underwent a colposcopic examination in our hospital between January 2017 and December 2017. The study subjects presented with postcoital bleeding, had a family history of cancer or exhibited macroscopic examination findings which were suspected to be malign. A co-test was scheduled one year later for 39 patients (13%) who had no lesions suspected of malignancy and a colposcopy-guided tissue sample was performed on 261 patients.Results: Histological examination results included inflammation (in 186 patients [62%]), CIN 1 (in 61 patients [20.33%]), CIN 2 (in 9 patients [3%], CIN 3 (in 3 patients [1%]) and cervical cancer (in 2 patients [%0.67]).Conclusion: One should keep in mind that a diagnosis of CIN 2 or more severe lesions or even cervical cancer can be made using a colposcopy-guided biopsy in women who test positive for non 16/18 HPV types but have otherwise normal Pap smear test., Amaç: Human Papilloma Virüs (HPV) tip 16 ve 18 dışında pozitifliği olup, smear sonucu normal olan hastaların kolposkopik muayene ve biyopsi sonuçlarını incelemek Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda smear sonucu normal, ancak HPV tip 16-18 dışında pozitifliği olan ve Ocak 2017- Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde kolposkopi yapılan 300 hasta incelendi. Hastalarımızın genel olarak kolposkopi endikasyonu postkoital kanama, ailede jinekolojik malignite öyküsü ve makroskopik şüpheli lezyon bulunması idi. Kolposkopi sırasında şüpheli lezyonu olmayan 39 hastaya (% 13) bir yıl sonra ko-test için kontrole çağrılırken, 261 hastaya kolposkopi kılavuzlu doku örneklemesi yapıldı.Bulgular: Histolojik inceleme sonuçları 186 hastada (%62) inflamasyon, 61 hastada (%20,33) CIN 1, 9 hastada (%3) CIN 2, 3 hastada (%1) CIN 3 ve 2 hastada (%0,67) servikal kanser olarak rapor edilmiştir. Sonuç: HPV tip 16-18 dışında pozitifliği olup smear sonucu normal olan hastalarda CIN 2 ve üstü lezyon, hatta kanser teşhisi konulabileceği unutulmamalıdır.