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This study was performed in order to evaluate two anesthetic protocols used for ovariectomy in turtles belonging to Trachemys scripta elegans species, between June and July 2019 at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest. Patients aged one year old were divided in two study groups depending on the anesthetic protocol used. Group A was premedicated with Midazolam (2 mg/kg), Dexmedetomidine (0.1 mg/kg) and Ketamine (5 mg/kg) administered intramuscularly (IM) while group B had Midazolam (2 mg/kg), Buprenorphine (0.2 mg/kg) and Ketamine (2 mg/kg) IM. Induction was made with Isoflurane 5% in the induction chamber followed by Ketamine (10 mg/kg) given intravenously, in the supravertebral sinus (IV). All patients were intubated with an 18G IV catheter and maintained with Isoflurane 3% and 100% Oxygen. Patients in group B required two boluses of Ketamine (10 mg/kg/bolus) compared with patients in group A that didn’t have any additional doses. Therefore the recovery was smoother and faster in patients from group A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critically ill and emergency patients often need anesthesia and analgesia for examination, clinical procedures or surgery. Anesthesia must be performed based on advanced planning. Anesthesia for this group of patients is unpredictable and with rapid consequences. Critically ill patients are prone to have a low ability to maintain homeostasis and tissue oxygenation. Good outcomes relay on rapid identification, diagnosis and stabilisation. This study covers a general approach for anesthesia in emergency and critically ill patients and the major complications that can occur in the recovery period. Various aspects will be taken into consideration related with the anesthetized critical ill patient, anesthesia protocols and the most common complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The choice of anesthesia protocols for swine must take into account, besides specific characteristics, the type of surgery and the experience of the anesthetist. The anesthesia protocol used for 64 cases ensured the premises of a good surgical performance in swine procedures, while adopting correct surgical and anesthetic techniques and a continuing monitorig of the patient. Main anesthetic complications related to anesthesia for swines, according to our research were: high sensibility regarding stress factors during contention, difficult vascular access and intubation, rapid installation of hypothermia, occurrence of malignant hyperthermia while using gaseous anesthetics, anaphylaxis, regurgitation and aspiration pneumonia. Complications occurred in 20.31% of cases, ranking this species in the category of patients with high anesthetic risk for invasive surgical procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was performed in order to evaluate the postoperative analgesic management of geriatric dogs during the first 12 hours after the soft tissue surgery. The study was conducted on sixty dogs, aged between 8-16 years, that were presented at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest for soft tissue surgery procedures, between August - November 2017. Patients were divided in four groups (15 dogs /group) assigned to a different analgesic management that we intended to evaluate (Group 1- Tramadol, Group 2- Lidocaine in constant rate infusion, Group 3- Acetaminophen, Group 4- Ketamine+Lidocaine). Premedication was made with Midazolam 0.2 mg/kg and Butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg, injected intramuscularly (IM). Induction was obtained with Propofol 4-6 mg/kg intravenously. All patients were intubated, and maintenance was performed with Isoflurane. All patients were evaluated after the procedures using the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (GCPS). During the evaluation period, the best results were recorded in groups 2 and 3 which were given Lidocaine and Lidocaine+Ketamine in a constant rate infusion with a pain scale of 2/24, compared with lower results in groups 1 and 4 with a GCPS of 5/24, where additional analgesic medication was needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the gestation period, canine females go through physiological changes which can influence the way the anesthetics are absorbed, metabolized and excreted. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics of the drugs vary from mother to newborn. The drugs administered will pass through the placental barrier and carry across from dam to fetuses. For this reason, choosing the right anesthetic protocol for cesarean section can represent a challenge for a doctor, who has to keep in mind the well-being of both the dam and the fetuses. While choosing the anesthetic protocol to be used, the anesthetist will have to consider all of the above criteria, seeking to minimize the cardiological, vascular and neurological depression of the fetuses. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different anesthetic protocols which can be used, and to assess the benefits, as well of the disadvantages that each of the available medications and methods can present. The options of anesthetic procedures being considered during the caesarean section in canines are represented by general anesthesia or local anesthesia combined with general anesthesia. Of equal importance are the preoperative assessment and the potential recovery time of the mother, which can influence the immediate maternal care given to the newborns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was performed in order to investigate the correlation between duration of gas anaesthesia with isoflurane and the reduction of tear production in geriatric patients. The study was conducted on 15 dogs (8 males and 7 females, ages between 9 and 14 years old) that were presented at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest between September - October 2016. Preanesthetic examination was performed according to ASA status (American Society of Anesthesiologists). Patients premedication was made with Midazolam 0.2 mg/kg and Butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg injected intramuscularly (IM) or intravenously (IV). All dogs were intubated, induction was made with Propofol 4-6 mg/kg IV and maintenance was performed with Isoflurane. All patients had Schirmer Tear Test (STT) readings taken prior to intubation and immediately after the isoflurane was turned off. All dogs that were under isoflurane anaesthesia for less than 30 minutes had a slight reduction of tear production compared with those that exceeded 30 minutes in which it was noticed a drastic decrease in tear production. From the total of 15 dogs: 3 dogs that were under isoflurane anaesthesia for less than 30 minutes had a final STT of 15 mm/min +/- 3 mm/min compared with those in which anaesthesia time exceeded 30-40 minutes where the final STT was 5 +/- 3 mm/min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report presents the perianaesthetic management of a geriatric dog that underwent a hemilaminectomy surgery for T11-T12 medullar compression. A 10-year-old crossbreed male was presented at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Bucharest for neurological investigation of acute onset of right posterior unilateral paresis. The magnetic resonance investigation revealed T11-T12 medullar compression, with surgery indication (hemilaminectomy). The patient was premedicated with Fentanyl 3 mcg/kg and Midazolam 0.2 mg/kg administered intravenously (IV). Induction was made with Propofol 4 mg/kg intravenously. Afterwards, the patient was intubated and maintained with Isoflurane along with the administration of a constant rate infusion (CRI) with Fentanyl (3 mcg/kg/h) and Ketamine (1 mg/kg/h) and an epidural anaesthesia with Lidocaine (2 mg/kg). Postoperatively, the patient received a multimodal analgesia management to help her not to exhibit any pain levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crystalloids and colloids are first options for fluid resuscitation. Crystalloids expand extracellular volume, while colloids (synthetic and natural) exert a high oncotic pressure and expand volume by oncotic pressure. Many clinical studies advocate the use of crystalloids versus colloids. Greater fluid volumes are required to meet the same targets with crystalloids than with colloids, but there is a heterogenity among studies. Crystalloids' effect may lead to extracellular fluid accumulation, increased gastrointestinal wall edema, pulmonary edema, especially in patients with cardiac or renal dysfunctions. While low dose colloids preserve hematocrit and coagulation, there is a risk of abnormal hemostasis if high doses of colloids are administered. This study presents researches results regarding crystalloids/colloids ratio for fluid resuscitation during anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]