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1. The longitudinal biomonitoring of residents living near the waste incinerator of Turin: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon metabolites after three years from the plant start-up

Author

Iamiceli, A.L., Abate, V., Bena, A., De Filippis, S.P., De Luca, S., Iacovella, N., Farina, E., Gandini, M., Orengia, M., De Felip, E., Abballe, A., Dellatte, E., Ferri, F., Fulgenzi, A.R., Ingelido, A.M., Ivaldi, C., Marra, V., Miniero, R., Crosetto, L., Procopio, E., and Salamina, G.

Published
2022
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3. Fish-kills in the urban stretch of the Tiber river after a flash-storm: Investigative monitoring with effect-based methods, targeted chemical analyses, and fish assemblage examinations

Author

Carere, M., Lacchetti, I., di Domenico, K., Cristiano, W., Mancini, L., De Felip, E., Ingelido, A.M., Massei, Riccardo, Tancioni, L., Carere, M., Lacchetti, I., di Domenico, K., Cristiano, W., Mancini, L., De Felip, E., Ingelido, A.M., Massei, Riccardo, and Tancioni, L.

Abstract

In 2020 and 2021, fish-kills events occurred in the Tiber river in the city of Rome. These events, which caused the death of thousands of fish of different species (e.g., Barbus spp., Cyprinus carpio, Squalius spp.), were preceded the days before by severe flash-storms. Heavy rains in urban areas in recent years are linked to climate change and fish-kills events. With the aim to investigate the causes of these events, effect-based methods (EBMs) and targeted chemical analyses have been performed on a specific site of river Tiber in the center of the city. Additionally, examination and classification of the floating dead fishes have been performed. The chemical analysis performed on several groups of contaminants showed the presence of some pharmaceuticals, insecticides, and PFAS at up to ng/L. Results with the Fish Embryo Toxicity (FET) test confirmed lethal and sub-lethal effects, while acute effects were not detected with the Daphnia magna acute test. The fish-kills events probably can be generated by several factors as a consequence of an increasing human anthropization of the area with the contribution of different stressors together with chemical releases and emissions. This study shows that in multiple stressor scenarios characterized by heavy rainfall, droughts, and strong anthropogenic pressures, the application of EBMs, chemical analysis, and fish assemblage examinations can represent a useful support in the investigation of the causes of extensive fish-kills events.

Published
2023

6. An integrated approach for chemical water quality assessment of an urban river stretch through Effect-Based Methods and emerging pollutants analysis with a focus on genotoxicity

Author

Carere, M., Antoccia, A., Buschini, A., Frenzilli, G., Marcon, F., Andreoli, C., Gorbi, G., Suppa, A., Montalbano, S., Prota, V., De Battistis, F., Guidi, P., Bernardeschi, M., Palumbo, M., Scarcelli, V., Colasanti, M., D'Ezio, V., Persichini, T., Scalici, M., Sgura, A., Spani, F., Udroiu, I., Valenzuela, M., Lacchetti, I., di Domenico, K., Cristiano, W., Marra, V., Ingelido, A.M., Iacovella, N., De Felip, E., Massei, Riccardo, Mancini, L., Carere, M., Antoccia, A., Buschini, A., Frenzilli, G., Marcon, F., Andreoli, C., Gorbi, G., Suppa, A., Montalbano, S., Prota, V., De Battistis, F., Guidi, P., Bernardeschi, M., Palumbo, M., Scarcelli, V., Colasanti, M., D'Ezio, V., Persichini, T., Scalici, M., Sgura, A., Spani, F., Udroiu, I., Valenzuela, M., Lacchetti, I., di Domenico, K., Cristiano, W., Marra, V., Ingelido, A.M., Iacovella, N., De Felip, E., Massei, Riccardo, and Mancini, L.

Abstract

The impact of emerging chemical pollutants, on both status and functionality of aquatic ecosystems is worldwide recognized as a relevant issue of concern that should be assessed and managed by researchers, policymakers, and all relevant stakeholders. In Europe, the Reach Regulation has registered more than 100.000 chemical substances daily released in the environment. Furthermore, the effects related to the mixture of substances present in aquatic ecosystems may not be predictable on the basis of chemical analyses alone. This evidence, coupled with the dramatic effects of climate changes on water resources through water scarcity and flooding, makes urgent the application of innovative, fast and reliable monitoring methods. In this context, Effect-Based Methods (EBMs) have been applied in the urban stretch of the Tiber River (Central Italy) with the aim of understanding if detrimental pressures affect aquatic environmental health. In particular, different eco-genotoxicological assays have been used in order to detect genotoxic activity of chemicals present in the river, concurrently characterized by chemical analysis. Teratogenicity and embryo-toxicity have been studied in order to cover additional endpoints. The EBMs have highlighted the presence of diffuse chemical pollution and ecotoxicological effects in the three sampling stations, genotoxicological effects have been also detected through the use of different tests and organisms. The chemical analyses confirmed that in the aquatic ecosystems there is a diffuse presence, even at low concentrations, of emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals, not routinely monitored pesticides, personal care products, PFAS. The results of this study can help to identify an appropriate battery of EBMs for future studies and the application of more appropriate measures in order to monitor, mitigate or eliminate chemical contamination and remediate its adverse/detrimental effects on the ecosystem health.

Published
2021

14. Role of environmental organochlorinated pollutants in the development of endometriosis

Author

Maria Grazia Porpora, Resta S, Fuggetta E, Storelli P, Megiorni F, Manganaro L, and De Felip E

Subjects
pcb, endometriosi, Endometriosis, Estrogens, Endocrine Disruptors, Dioxins, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, inquinanti organici persistenti, Immune System, diossine, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Humans, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Progesterone
Abstract

Endometriosis is a gynecological disease, which involves the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, commonly in the pelvic region. The etiology of the disease is unclear, but multiple factors may contribute to its pathogenesis. Environmental organochlorinated pollutants, particularly dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are thought to play a role in the development of this disease; however, the results of clinical trials are discordant, and it is not clear how the effect of exposure to these compounds is linked to endometriosis. Their effects on cytokines, immune system, hormones, and growth factors are thought to increase the risk of endometriosis. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of epidemiological studies, which have evaluated the relationship between endometriosis and exposure to persistent organochlorinated pollutants.

Published
2013

15. Esposizione a inquinamenti organoclorurati ed endometriosi:minireview

Author

Porpora, Maria Grazia, Resta, S., Fuggetta, Eliana, Brunelli, Roberto, Perrone, Giuseppina, D'Itri, F., Pastorelli, P., Manganaro, Lucia, and De Felip, E.

Subjects
endometriosi - 2, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) - polychlorobiphenyls (pcbs) - persistent organic pollutants - organochlorinated pesticides - dioxin-like compounds, 8-tetraclorodibenzo-p-diossina (tcdd) - policlorobifenili (pcb) - inquinanti organici persistenti - pesticidi organo clorurati - composti diossina-simili.endometriosis - 2
Published
2012

16. [Cumulative exposure to polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDS), polychlorodibenzofurans (PCDFS) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) in the metallurgic workers and the general population in Brescia province, northern Italy]

Author

Pg, Barbieri, Garattini S, Pizzoni T, Festa R, Abballe A, Marra V, Iacovella N, Am, Ingelido, Silvia Valentini, and De Felip E

Subjects
Male, Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins, Italy, Polymers, Occupational Exposure, Metallurgy, Humans, Environmental Pollutants, Environmental Exposure, Benzofurans
Abstract

High temperature metallurgical processes may significantly contribute to the release of polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorodibenzofurans (PCDFs) into the environment. Aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs) and non dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) in a sample of 300 workers of metallurgical plants operating in the Brescia area and in a control group of 113 men. Serum samples were grouped in pools of 10 and analyzed for their concentration of PCDDs and PCDFs, DL- and NDL-PCBs. Metallurgical workers show serum concentrations of NDL-PCBs similar to those observed in non-occupationally exposed living in Brescia, except in the case of some congeners, such as PCBs 28, 52, 101 which result to be significantly higher in metallurgical workers. Their concentrations range of "dioxins" was of 32.5 - 84.8 pgTEQ g(-1) lb. No significant difference was found between metallurgical workers and the control group on the whole, but the difference became significant when comparing metallurgical workers with the group of the 47 subjects living in remote non industrialised areas. In conclusion, concentrations of total PCBs observed in metallurgy workers are comparable with those observed in the control group, with the exception of a few, more volatile, congeners which resulted to be higher in metallurgy workers. Concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs showed a range of values similar to that observed in the general population of Brescia not professionally exposed. However, concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs observed in subjects resident in "remote" areas were significantly lower than those assessed in metallurgy workers and subjects living in the town of Brescia. On the whole, men living in the town of Brescia show levels of PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs higher than those observed in other groups of the Italian general population, this reflecting the intense industrial activity of the town.

Published
2012

17. Rezensionen

Author

Ruthner, C., primary, Berger, G., additional, Van Hertbruggen, A., additional, de Felip, E., additional, Meert, M., additional, and De Grauwe, L., additional

Published
2016
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26. Slow-stirring method for determining the n-octanol/water partition coefficient (Pow) for highly hydrophobic chemicals: performance evaluation in a ring test

Author

Tolls, J., Bodo, K., De Felip, E., Dujardin, R., Kim, Y.H., Moeller-Jensen, L., Mullee, D., Nakajima, A., Paschke, Albrecht, Pawliczek, J.B., Schneider, J., Tadeo, J.L., Tognucci, A.C., Webb, J., Zwijzen, A.C., Tolls, J., Bodo, K., De Felip, E., Dujardin, R., Kim, Y.H., Moeller-Jensen, L., Mullee, D., Nakajima, A., Paschke, Albrecht, Pawliczek, J.B., Schneider, J., Tadeo, J.L., Tognucci, A.C., Webb, J., and Zwijzen, A.C.

Abstract

The n-octanol/water partition coefficient (P-ow) is one of the most important parameters employed for estimating a chemical's environmental fate and toxicity. The currently adopted test guidelines for its determination do not allow for reliable determination of log P-ow greater than 5. The slow-stirring experiment, in contrast, has been demonstrated to provide reliable log P-ow data up to log P-ow of 8.3. To validate this method and to obtain its approval as an official Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (Paris, France) test guideline, a ring test was performed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the slow-stirring experiment for determination of log P-ow particularly for highly hydrophobic compounds. Up to 15 volunteer laboratories tested 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, 2,2',3,3',5,5',6,6'-octachlorobiphenyl, and decachlorobiphenyl (4.5 < log P-ow < 8.2). The ring-test results for the respective chemicals were 4.62, 5.50, 7.39, and 8.18. The results deviated by less than 0.1 log P-ow units from the reference log P-ow In addition, the relative standard deviations of log P-ow were less than 2%. Using the protocol of the ring test, log P-ow of p,p'-DDT was determined to be 6.24 +/- 0.05 (mean +/- standard deviation). In combination, these results indicate that the slow-stirring method is precise and accurate and, thus, allows for reliable determination of log P-ow of highly hydrophobic chemicals.

Published
2003

27. 160

Author

Porpora, M.G., primary, Crobu, M., additional, De Felip, E., additional, Ferro, A., additional, Di Felice, A., additional, Cerenzia, P., additional, D’Elia, C., additional, Cosmi, E.V., additional, and Benedetti Panici, P.L., additional

Published
2005
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31. Fast Gas Chromatographic Assessment of Polychlorobiphenyl Levels in Wall Plaster Coats

Author

De Felip, E., Domenico, A. Di, Grande, M., Pazzaglia, R., and Falleni, M.

Abstract

Sampling ("scrape test") and analytical procedures were defined to determine PCBs in sorbing solid surfaces such as wall plaster. After sampling, samples were extracted by means of a mechanical device. Following steps included clean-up on a multilayer chromatographic column and assessment with macrobore capillary gas chromatography equipped with an electron capture detector. Mean recovery yields were ≧75% for PCB levels from 2.00 to 7000μg/m2 (0.550-1940 μg/kg). Intralaboratory tests performed by two independent operators yielded: (a) maximum deviation from expected value, 25%; (b) maximum deviation between operators, 17%; and (c) maximum variation coefficient, 20%. Background PCB levels in wall surface layer samples were ≧2.9μg/m2 (≧0.81 μg/kg). The analytical procedure tested with agricultural topsoil samples provided mean recovery yields >65% for PCB levels ≧500 μg/ kg (≧ 50 mg/m2).

Published
1990
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35. [Alkylphenols: assessment of risks for aquatic ecosystems and for human health with particular reference to endocrine effects]

Author

Fulvio Ferrara, Funari E, De Felip E, Donati G, Me, Traina, and Mantovani A

Subjects
Phenols, Endocrine Glands, Animals, Humans, Ecosystem
Abstract

(Alkylphenols: evaluation of the risk to aquatic ecosystems and human health with reference to endocrine effects).--Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are a heterogeneous group of substances that can interfere with many endocrine functions. Their effects have been demonstrated in different taxa and they are suspected to affect human health. Alkylphenols are an important group of EDC. They are formed from the degradation of alkylphenol polyethoxylates in the environment or in the sewage treatment plants. They are generally characterized by a high bioconcentration factor (BCF) and accumulate both in sediments and aquatic species. Alkylphenols (APE) show estrogenic activity: studies on fish and rodents put into evidence on both reproductive and developmental effects. In a recent study, the levels of APE detected in seafood from the Adriatic Sea showed a no negligible human health risk for strong fish consumers.

42. An integrated approach for chemical water quality assessment of an urban river stretch through Effect-Based Methods and emerging pollutants analysis with a focus on genotoxicity

Author

Valentina Marra, Walter Cristiano, Gessica Gorbi, Antonella Sgura, Serena Montalbano, Mara Palumbo, Veronica D’Ezio, Vittoria Scarcelli, Giada Frenzilli, Valentina Prota, Anna Maria Ingelido, Annamaria Buschini, Ines Lacchetti, Ion Udroiu, Laura Mancini, Mario Carere, Margherita Bernardeschi, Antonio Suppa, Francesca De Battistis, Kevin Di Domenico, Martina Valenzuela, Patrizia Guidi, Massimiliano Scalici, Elena De Felip, Nicola Iacovella, Francesca Marcon, Antonio Antoccia, Tiziana Persichini, Riccardo Massei, Marco Colasanti, Federica Spani, Cristina Andreoli, Carere, M., Antoccia, A., Buschini, A., Frenzilli, G., Marcon, F., Andreoli, C., Gorbi, G., Suppa, A., Montalbano, S., Prota, V., De Battistis, F., Guidi, P., Bernardeschi, M., Palumbo, M., Scarcelli, V., Colasanti, M., D'Ezio, V., Persichini, T., Scalici, M., Sgura, A., Spani, F., Udroiu, I., Valenzuela, M., Lacchetti, I., di Domenico, K., Cristiano, W., Marra, V., Ingelido, A. M., Iacovella, N., De Felip, E., Massei, R., and Mancini, L.

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Context (language use), Aquatic ecosystem, Emerging pollutant, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Water scarcity, Effect-based method, Rivers, Environmental protection, Water Quality, Genotoxicity Water quality Ecotoxicity Aquatic ecosystems Effect-based methods Emerging pollutants, Ecotoxicity, Waste Management and Disposal, Ecosystem, Pollutant, Ecosystem health, General Medicine, Water resources, Water quality, Environmental science, Environmental Pollutants, Genotoxicity, Water Pollutants, Chemical, DNA Damage, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

The impact of emerging chemical pollutants, on both status and functionality of aquatic ecosystems is worldwide recognized as a relevant issue of concern that should be assessed and managed by researchers, policymakers, and all relevant stakeholders. In Europe, the Reach Regulation has registered more than 100.000 chemical substances daily released in the environment. Furthermore, the effects related to the mixture of substances present in aquatic ecosystems may not be predictable on the basis of chemical analyses alone. This evidence, coupled with the dramatic effects of climate changes on water resources through water scarcity and flooding, makes urgent the application of innovative, fast and reliable monitoring methods. In this context, Effect-Based Methods (EBMs) have been applied in the urban stretch of the Tiber River (Central Italy) with the aim of understanding if detrimental pressures affect aquatic environmental health. In particular, different eco-genotoxicological assays have been used in order to detect genotoxic activity of chemicals present in the river, concurrently characterized by chemical analysis. Teratogenicity and embryo-toxicity have been studied in order to cover additional endpoints. The EBMs have highlighted the presence of diffuse chemical pollution and ecotoxicological effects in the three sampling stations, genotoxicological effects have been also detected through the use of different tests and organisms. The chemical analyses confirmed that in the aquatic ecosystems there is a diffuse presence, even at low concentrations, of emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals, not routinely monitored pesticides, personal care products, PFAS. The results of this study can help to identify an appropriate battery of EBMs for future studies and the application of more appropriate measures in order to monitor, mitigate or eliminate chemical contamination and remediate its adverse/detrimental effects on the ecosystem health.

Published
2021
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44. Biomonitoring of Hydroxylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites in Workers at a Waste-to-Energy Incinerator, Turin, Italy.

Author

Farina E, Iamiceli AL, Orengia M, Gandini M, Crosetto L, Abate V, De Filippis SP, De Luca S, Iacovella N, De Felip E, and Bena A

Subjects
Humans, Italy, Adult, Male, Middle Aged, Female, Air Pollutants, Occupational analysis, Air Pollutants, Occupational urine, Hydroxylation, Environmental Monitoring methods, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons urine, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons analysis, Occupational Exposure analysis, Biological Monitoring, Incineration
Abstract

This paper presents the results of the human biomonitoring of ten urinary OH-PAHs (hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) in a cohort of workers at an incinerator in Turin, Italy. Long-term exposure was assessed through repeated measurements at three time points: before the startup (T0), after 1 year (T1), and after 3 years (T2). Paired data were available for 26 subjects, seven administrative workers (AWs) and 19 plant workers (PWs). Short-term exposure was assessed by comparing start-end shift measurements. Due to the non-normal distribution of the data, the nonparametric Cuzick's test for trend and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired samples were used. Neither the trend nor the T0-T2 comparison tests resulted in statistically significant outputs in the two groups (q-value > 0.05), even when controlling for smoking habits. In relation to PWs, some of the metabolites were higher at T2 with respect to T0, but no linear increase was found. Conversely, 1-OH-PYR (ng/g creatinine) showed lower median values at T1 (61.5) and T2 (67) compared to the baseline (151.3). Similarly, short-term comparisons yielded no significant results, with rather overlapping distributions of values. Overall, no significant increases in metabolite levels were detected as a result of occupational exposure in the incinerator workers considered. These findings align with previous results for metals and ambient air measurements.

Published
2025
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45. Human biomonitoring of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in women living in a Northern Italy industrial area.

Author

Dellatte E, Abate V, Abballe A, De Filippis SP, De Luca S, Ferri F, Fulgenzi AR, Iacovella N, Iamiceli AL, Ingelido AM, Marra V, Miniero R, Valentini S, Bressanelli M, Schivardi MR, and De Felip E

Abstract

In Brescia , a highly industrialized city in the Lombardy Region (Northern Italy) classified as a SIN (Contaminated Site of National Interest), a human biomonitoring study was carried out on breast milk of two groups of women residing in areas with presumably different levels of exposure to polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorodibenzofurans, and polychlorobiphenyls. This study was aimed at evaluating the possible difference between women living in Brescia and women living far from it but in the same Region. Between 2016 and 2018, 82 women were enrolled (41 "exposed" subjects and 41 "not exposed"), breast milk samples were collected, and a specific questionnaire was administered to the donors. Data obtained were processed by robust regression and Principal Component Factor Analysis. The differences in concentration between the two groups were significant for all the classes of analytes (except for PCDDs). The concentration increase rates from the not exposed to the exposed group resulted highly significant: some PCB congeners showed increase rates more than 1000 ng/g lb per one-unit change of the independent variable. Among the variables significantly associated with the observed concentrations, age showed the greatest influence, while BMI showed a counteracting effect. Consumption of vegetable oil and fruit resulted to possibly influence the chemicals body burden. For the not exposed group, the levels appear to be in line with the decreasing trend (2001-2018) observed for these contaminants in Italy., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2024
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46. Application of human biomonitoring data to support policy development, raise awareness and environmental public health protection among countries within the HBM4EU project.

Author

Ubong D, Stewart L, Sepai O, Knudsen LE, Berman T, Reynders H, Van Campenhout K, Katsonouri A, Van Nieuwenhuyse A, Ingelido AM, Castaño A, Pedraza-Díaz S, Eiríksdóttir ÁV, Thomsen C, Hartmann C, Gjorgjev D, De Felip E, Tolonen H, Santonen T, Klanova J, Norström K, Kononenko L, Silva MJ, Uhl M, Kolossa-Gehring M, Apel P, Jõemaa M, Jajcaj M, Estokova M, Luijten M, Lebret E, von Goetz N, Holcer NJ, Probst-Hensch N, Cavaleiro R, Barouki R, Tarroja E, Balčienė RM, Strumylaite L, Latvala S, Namorado S, Szigeti T, Ingi Halldorsson T, Olafsdottir K, and Wasowicz W

Subjects
Humans, Public Health, Environmental Exposure analysis, Policy Making, Biological Monitoring, Environmental Monitoring methods
Abstract

Most countries have acknowledged the importance of assessing and quantifying their population's internal exposure from chemicals in air, water, soil, food and other consumer products due to the potential health and economic impact. Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a valuable tool which can be used to quantify such exposures and effects. Results from HBM studies can also contribute to improving public health by providing evidence of individuals' internal chemical exposure as well as data to understand the burden of disease and associated costs thereby stimulating the development and implementation of evidence-based policy. To have a holistic view on HBM data utilisation, a multi-case research approach was used to explore the use of HBM data to support national chemical regulations, protect public health and raise awareness among countries participating in the HBM4EU project. The Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) Initiative (https://www.hbm4eu.eu/) is a collaborative effort involving 30 countries, the European Environment Agency (EEA) and the European Commission (contracting authority) to harmonise procedures across Europe and advance research into the understanding of the health impacts of environmental chemical exposure. One of the aims of the project was to use HBM data to support evidence based chemical policy and make this information timely and directly available for policy makers and all partners. The main data source for this article was the narratives collected from 27 countries within the HBM4EU project. The countries (self-selection) were grouped into 3 categories in terms of HBM data usage either for public awareness, policy support or for the establishment HBM programme. Narratives were analysed/summarised using guidelines and templates that focused on ministries involved in or advocating for HBM; steps required to engage policy makers; barriers, drivers and opportunities in developing a HBM programme. The narratives reported the use of HBM data either for raising awareness or addressing environmental/public health issues and policy development. The ministries of Health and Environment were reported to be the most prominent entities advocating for HBM, the involvement of several authorities/institutions in the national hubs was also cited to create an avenue to interact, discuss and gain the attention of policy makers. Participating in European projects and the general population interest in HBM studies were seen as drivers and opportunities in developing HBM programmes. A key barrier that was cited by countries for establishing and sustaining national HBM programmes was funding which is mainly due to the high costs associated with the collection and chemical analysis of human samples. Although challenges and barriers still exist, most countries within Europe were already conversant with the benefits and opportunities of HBM. This article offers important insights into factors associated with the utilisation of HBM data for policy support and public awareness., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)

Published
2023
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47. Determinants of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in the Italian population in the last decades.

Author

Ingelido AM, Abate V, Abballe A, De Filippis SP, Dellatte E, De Luca S, Ferri F, Fulgenzi AR, Iacovella N, Iamiceli AL, Marra V, Miniero R, Valentini S, and De Felip E

Subjects
Humans, Italy, Lipids, Polychlorinated Biphenyls analysis
Abstract

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are industrial products extensively used in the past. Because of their widespread presence and toxic effects, the international community adopted control measures to reduce their release into the environment. Currently, PCB concentrations are decreasing, but humans are still exposed. In this paper, we reported the results of a study concerning PCB concentrations in human serum samples collected in Italy over two decades. The aim of the study was to investigate the trend of major determinants of PCB human exposure, several decades after the end of their production. PCB concentrations ranged over three orders of magnitude (from 0.4 to 958 ng/g lipid), with a median value of 85 ng/g lipid. We identified age, sampling year, body mass index, sex, and living near hot spots or being occupationally exposed as relevant factors in determining body burden. Our results can give indications to refine regulatory policies on PCBs in Italy, with particular attention to the disposal of residue PCB-containing products. To improve control measures can further decrease the exposure of citizens to PCBs, limit health implications, and improve citizens' perception about chemical risk management., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2023
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48. Time trends of PCDDs, PCDFs, DL-PCBs, and NDL-PCBs in Italian women from biomonitoring studies.

Author

Miniero R, di Domenico A, Abate V, Abballe A, Dellatte E, De Filippis S, De Luca S, Ferri F, Fulgenzi A, Iacovella N, Iamiceli A, Ingelido A, Marra V, Valentini S, and De Felip E

Subjects
Biological Monitoring, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated, Female, Humans, Benzofurans analysis, Dioxins, Polychlorinated Biphenyls analysis, Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins analysis
Abstract

A number of biomonitoring investigations were carried out in Italy between 2000 and 2018 by the Unit of Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals of the Italian National Institute of Health (Rome). The investigations were characterized by different features (case-control or cross-sectional studies, participants from impacted or no impacted areas, etc), but despite the differences, it was possible to study the time trends of Σ 7 (PCDDs), Σ 10 (PCDFs), Σ 12 (DL-PCBs), and Σ 6 (NDL-PCBs) (analytical and TEQ cumulative concentrations, as appropriate). All the chemicals considered showed clear rates of a time-dependent concentration decrease, data having previously been adjusted for the sampled Region and subject age. Σ 7 (PCDDs) exhibited the fastest decrease with an average rate of -4.44 pg/g-fat year -1 (2009-2018), whereas Σ 6 (NDL-PCBs) was characterized by the slowest decrease with a rate of -0.771 ng/g-fat year -1 (2000-2018). A clear distinction between the decreasing rates of Σ 7 (PCDDs) and Σ 10 (PCDFs) was observed, as the latter decreased at half the rate of the Σ7(PCDDs). The slower rate of the Σ 10 (PCDFs) decline may be due to an ongoing source of PCDFs in the environment beyond those traditionally considered for this group of contaminants such as the production of PCDFs due to PCBs thermal conversion from matrices contaminated with PCBs. Production of PCDFs due to thermal conversion of matrices contaminated with PCBs could be an ongoing source which may be of concern because recent data have highlighted the diffusion of PCBs in the European environment. The decreasing rates of PCDDs + PCDFs, DL-PCBs, and PCDDs + PCDFs + DL-PCBs - original analytical data converted to "dioxin equivalents" - were respectively estimated as (pgTEQ/g-fat year -1 ) -2.08, -2.06, and -2.10, values exhibiting good compatibility between one another., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Published
2022
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49. A Simple and Rapid Method for Quantitative HPLC MS/MS Determination of Selected Perfluorocarboxylic Acids and Perfluorosulfonates in Human Serum.

Author

Marra V, Abballe A, Dellatte E, Iacovella N, Ingelido AM, and De Felip E

Abstract

Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, present in the environment and in the human body. They have raised global concern because of their diffusion in the environment, particularly in water, causing cases of human overexposure due to consumption of contaminated drinking water. Human biomonitoring is the most effective way to characterize human exposure to PFASs, and it is important that as many labs as possible could easily perform this kind of analysis. Analytical methods for quantitation of PFAS mixtures in human serum have been developed, but most of them required materials that are not always easily available in all the laboratories. This paper describes a very simple and accessible HPLC MS/MS method of analysis and quantification of 13 perfluorocarboxylic acids and perfluorosulfonate compounds (belonging to the class of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs)) in human serum. Method development data provide detailed descriptions of the optimization process in terms of sample preparation, laboratory analysis of human serum samples, determination of analytes by HPLC MS/MS, and describing the pump gradient time, working conditions, and acquisition., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Valentina Marra et al.)

Published
2020
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50. Serum concentrations of perfluorinated alkyl substances in farmers living in areas affected by water contamination in the Veneto Region (Northern Italy).

Author

Ingelido AM, Abballe A, Gemma S, Dellatte E, Iacovella N, De Angelis G, Marra V, Russo F, Vazzoler M, Testai E, and De Felip E

Subjects
Animals, Cities, Environmental Exposure, Humans, Italy, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Farmers, Fluorocarbons blood, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity
Abstract

Human exposure to per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) is a major public health concern because in the last decades several cases of overexposure of people to PFASs, in particular through contaminated water, occurred worldwide. In 2013-2017 a PFAS drinking water contamination was discovered and investigated in northern Italy (Veneto region) and high PFAS serum levels were detected in exposed people. 629 subjects were enrolled: 257 residing in municipalities in the areas under impact, 250 residing in municipalities in areas at presumed background exposure and 122 farmers living in contaminated rural areas producing and consuming own livestock and vegetables and frequently using well water. The highest PFAS serum concentrations (median PFOA concentrations 40 ng/g) were found in the subgroup of farmers. The main factors influencing PFAS serum levels of farmers were residence area and the related extent of drinking water contamination, gender, years of residence in the municipalities, well water consumption and consumption of own produced food. PFOA serum concentrations in farmers residing in the areas of the Veneto region impacted by PFAS contamination are among the highest found worldwide., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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