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5. Gradual responses of grapevine yield components and carbon status to nitrogen supply

Author

Sylvain Vrignon-Brenas, Metay Aurélie, Leporatti Romain, Gharibi Shiva, Fraga Alana, Dauzat Myriam, Roland Gaëlle, and Pellegrino Anne

Subjects
nitrogen, yield components, growth, storage, carbon balance, grapevine, Agriculture, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Aim: Nitrogen is a major element conditioning grapevine growth, yield and aromatic profiles of berries and wines. Different tools can be used in order to detect differences in N status of the plant, including direct measurements of soil, plant nitrogen status (eg. petiole; must), or indirect observations of plant nutritional status such as leaf transmittance or reflectance (eg. SPAD; NDVI). However, the relationships between these indicators of nitrogen status and the overall plant functioning over vintages remain poorly known. The present study aimed at quantifying key vegetative and reproductive responses to plant nitrogen status over two successive seasons under different nitrogen supply levels. Methods and results: Potted plants of Sauvignon Blanc grafted onto SO4 were grown outdoors in 2017 and 2018 with no water limitation. Four mineral nitrogen fertilization levels (equivalent to 0 kg of N ha-1 or 0U, 20U, 40U, 80U) and one organic nitrogen fertilization level (40U) were imposed in 2017. These treatments were doubled in 2018 to increase the degree of nitrogen supply and consequently, the range of observed effects on plant growth and yield. Plant nitrogen status (SPAD) was monitored weekly during both growing cycles. Yield components were determined over the two seasons. Lastly, plant carbon status was addressed through dynamic measurement of plant development and photosynthesis, and destructive measurement of dry matter accumulation and carbon storage in annual and perennial organs at flowering, veraison and harvest. The SPAD values progressively decreased under lower N supply (0N) during the first year (from 31 to 16) and they were more than halved between the maximum and the minimum N treatments straight after budburst in year two (40 for 160N and 19 for 0N). Then, the differences in SPAD values among treatments were maintained up to harvest (2018). The gradient of N status resulted in a gradient of berry numbers per inflorescence (from 180 to 34 berries/inflorescence for 80N and 0N, respectively in 2018) and of individual berry dry matter at harvest (from 0.13 to 0.41 g for 160N and 0N, respectively in 2018). Quantitative relationships between N status and the relative reductions (% of reduction per %SPAD decrease) in terms of C gain (leaf area, photosynthesis), C growth (shoot, berry, trunk and root dry matter) and C storage (trunk and root) were fitted at flowering, veraison and harvest. The reduction in C gain under lower N supply was mainly related to the decrease in total leaf area before flowering (-1.64%). Although the photosynthesis rate tended to decrease under N deficiency over the season, it only poorly contributed to the reduction in C gain. The whole plant C growth was inhibited when N status decreased (-1.13% at harvest), due to the inhibition of shoot dry matter before veraison (-1.81%) and to a lower extent, to the lower dry matter in berries (-0.80%), trunks (-0.42%) and roots (-0.84%) at harvest. Part of the reduction in root dry matter was related to the lower starch reserves (-0.31%) at harvest. Interestingly, starch reserves tended to be higher under organic N supply than mineral N supply. Conclusion: The present results provided a general framework of carbon gain and use over time (within and between seasons) as impacted by N supply levels and form. Such a framework will be useful when building a model of the pluri-annual dynamics of carbon balance related to yield elaboration in grapevines.

Published
2019
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6. Leaf starch metabolism sets the phase of stomatal rhythm.

Author

Westgeest, Adrianus J, Dauzat, Myriam, Simonneau, Thierry, and Pantin, Florent

Subjects
*STARCH metabolism, *STOMATA, *CORNSTARCH, *BIOLOGICAL rhythms, *RHYTHM, *WATER vapor
Abstract

In leaves of C3 and C4 plants, stomata open during the day to favor CO2 entry for photosynthesis and close at night to prevent inefficient transpiration of water vapor. The circadian clock paces rhythmic stomatal movements throughout the diel (24–h) cycle. Leaf transitory starch is also thought to regulate the diel stomatal movements, yet the underlying mechanisms across time (key moments) and space (relevant leaf tissues) remain elusive. Here, we developed PhenoLeaks, a pipeline to analyze the diel dynamics of transpiration, and used it to screen a series of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants impaired in starch metabolism. We detected a sinusoidal, endogenous rhythm of transpiration that overarches days and nights. We determined that a number of severe mutations in starch metabolism affect the endogenous rhythm through a phase shift, resulting in delayed stomatal movements throughout the daytime and diminished stomatal preopening during the night. Nevertheless, analysis of tissue-specific mutations revealed that neither guard-cell nor mesophyll-cell starch metabolisms are strictly required for normal diel patterns of transpiration. We propose that leaf starch influences the timing of transpiration rhythm through an interplay between the circadian clock and sugars across tissues, while the energetic effect of starch-derived sugars is usually nonlimiting for endogenous stomatal movements. Monitoring diel transpiration dynamics with the PhenoLeaks pipeline reveals that leaf starch metabolism sets the timing of endogenous stomatal rhythm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Physiological roles of Casparian strips and suberin in the transport of water and solutes

Author

Calvo‐Polanco, Monica, primary, Ribeyre, Zoe, additional, Dauzat, Myriam, additional, Reyt, Guilhem, additional, Hidalgo‐Shrestha, Christopher, additional, Diehl, Patrick, additional, Frenger, Marc, additional, Simonneau, Thierry, additional, Muller, Bertrand, additional, Salt, David E., additional, Franke, Rochus B., additional, Maurel, Christophe, additional, and Boursiac, Yann, additional

Published
2021
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14. Natural variation of Arabidopsis thaliana responses to Cauliflower mosaic virus infection upon water deficit

Author

Bergès, Sandy, Vasseur, François, Bediée, Alexis, Rolland, Gaëlle, Masclef, Diane, Dauzat, Myriam, van Munster, Manuella, Vile, Denis, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, rant #2015005464 from European Union and the Region LanguedocRoussillon 'Chercheur d'Avenir' (FEDER FSE IEJ 2014-2020, Project APSEVIR)., Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
Leaves, Genotype, QH301-705.5, Arabidopsis Thaliana, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Plant Pathogens, Plant Science, Brassica, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, Plant Viral Pathogens, Model Organisms, Caulimovirus, Plant and Algal Models, Virology, Plant Resistance to Abiotic Stress, Plant-Environment Interactions, Natural Resources, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Plant Defenses, Biology (General), Flowering Plants, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Plant Diseases, Dehydration, Ecology, Plant Anatomy, Plant Ecology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, fungi, Organisms, Genetic Variation, Biology and Life Sciences, Eukaryota, food and beverages, Plants, Plant Pathology, RC581-607, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, Experimental Organism Systems, Plant Physiology, Animal Studies, Water Resources, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Viral Transmission and Infection, Research Article
Abstract

Plant virus pathogenicity is expected to vary with changes in the abiotic environment that affect plant physiology. Conversely, viruses can alter the host plant response to additional stimuli from antagonism to mutualism depending on the virus, the host plant and the environment. Ecological theory, specifically the CSR framework of plant strategies developed by Grime and collaborators, states that plants cannot simultaneously optimize resistance to both water deficit and pathogens. Here, we investigated the vegetative and reproductive performance of 44 natural accessions of A. thaliana originating from the Iberian Peninsula upon simultaneous exposure to soil water deficit and viral infection by the Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV). Following the predictions of Grime’s CSR theory, we tested the hypothesis that the ruderal character of a plant genotype is positively related to its tolerance to virus infection regardless of soil water availability. Our results showed that CaMV infection decreased plant vegetative performance and annihilated reproductive success of all accessions. In general, water deficit decreased plant performance, but, despite differences in behavior, ranking of accessions tolerance to CaMV was conserved under water deficit. Ruderality, quantified from leaf traits following a previously published procedure, varied significantly among accessions, and was positively correlated with tolerance to viral infection under both well-watered and water deficit conditions, although the latter to a lesser extent. Also, in accordance with the ruderal character of the accession and previous findings, our results suggest that accession tolerance to CaMV infection is positively correlated with early flowering. Finally, plant survival to CaMV infection increased under water deficit. The complex interactions between plant, virus and abiotic environment are discussed in terms of the variation in plant ecological strategies at the intraspecific level., Author summary Virus pathogenicity may be influenced by changes in the abiotic environment. A common change is decrease in soil water availability, which is detrimental to plant productivity and the occurrence of which is expected to increase due to climate change, has recently been shown to interfere with plant–virus interactions. We investigated the performance of 44 natural accessions of the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana infected by Cauliflower mosaic virus under well-watered and water deficit conditions. We showed that viral infection decreased plant vegetative performance and annihilated reproductive success of all accessions, and that these pathogenic effects were increased by water deficit. Intrinsic characteristics of the accessions were related to their tolerance to the virus so that accessions with low leaf tissue density and rapid growth rate were more tolerant to viral infection regardless of watering condition. Finally, plant survival upon viral infection increased under water deficit. We discuss the role of intrinsic plant characteristics, seen as ecological strategies, in plant tolerance to viral infections under contrasting environmental conditions, and the consequences for the study of viral epidemiology.

Published
2020

16. Physiological Roles of Casparian Strips and Suberin. Transport of Water and Solutes, Salt Tolerance

Author

Boursiac, Yann, CALVO-POLANCO, Maria Monica, Ribeyre, Zoe, Dauzat, Myriam, Reyt, Guilhem, Hidalgo-Shrestha, Christophe, Diehl, Patrick, Frenger, Marc, Franke, Rochus B., Salt, David E, Simonneau, Thierry, Muller, Bertrand, Maurel, Christophe, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), and Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

17. Gradual responses of grapevine yield components and carbon status to nitrogen supply

Author

Pellegrino Anne, Leporatti Romain, Gharibi Shiva, Fraga Alana, Roland Gaëlle, Sylvain Vrignon-Brenas, Metay Aurélie, Dauzat Myriam, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, Perennial plant, Nitrogen, growth, Yield components, SPAD, Grapevine, Quantitative responses, N supply, Horticulture, Biology, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Petiole (botany), Veraison, storage, lcsh:Agriculture, lcsh:Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Dry matter, carbon balance, 2. Zero hunger, Vegetal Biology, Crop yield, lcsh:S, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, nutrition azotée, lcsh:QK1-989, Agricultural sciences, sauvignon blanc, fertilisation azotée, Inflorescence, Shoot, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, écophysiologie végétale, vigne, Biologie végétale, Sciences agricoles, 010606 plant biology & botany, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Aim: Nitrogen is a major element conditioning grapevine growth, yield and aromatic profiles of berries and wines. Different tools can be used in order to detect differences in N status of the plant, including direct measurements of soil, plant nitrogen status (eg. petiole; must), or indirect observations of plant nutritional status such as leaf transmittance or reflectance (eg. SPAD; NDVI). However, the relationships between these indicators of nitrogen status and the overall plant functioning over vintages remain poorly known. The present study aimed at quantifying key vegetative and reproductive responses to plant nitrogen status over two successive seasons under different nitrogen supply levels. Methods and results: Potted plants of Sauvignon Blanc grafted onto SO4 were grown outdoors in 2017 and 2018 with no water limitation. Four mineral nitrogen fertilization levels (equivalent to 0 kg of N ha-1 or 0U, 20U, 40U, 80U) and one organic nitrogen fertilization level (40U) were imposed in 2017. These treatments were doubled in 2018 to increase the degree of nitrogen supply and consequently, the range of observed effects on plant growth and yield. Plant nitrogen status (SPAD) was monitored weekly during both growing cycles. Yield components were determined over the two seasons. Lastly, plant carbon status was addressed through dynamic measurement of plant development and photosynthesis, and destructive measurement of dry matter accumulation and carbon storage in annual and perennial organs at flowering, veraison and harvest. The SPAD values progressively decreased under lower N supply (0N) during the first year (from 31 to 16) and they were more than halved between the maximum and the minimum N treatments straight after budburst in year two (40 for 160N and 19 for 0N). Then, the differences in SPAD values among treatments were maintained up to harvest (2018). The gradient of N status resulted in a gradient of berry numbers per inflorescence (from 180 to 34 berries/inflorescence for 80N and 0N, respectively in 2018) and of individual berry dry matter at harvest (from 0.13 to 0.41 g for 160N and 0N, respectively in 2018). Quantitative relationships between N status and the relative reductions (% of reduction per %SPAD decrease) in terms of C gain (leaf area, photosynthesis), C growth (shoot, berry, trunk and root dry matter) and C storage (trunk and root) were fitted at flowering, veraison and harvest. The reduction in C gain under lower N supply was mainly related to the decrease in total leaf area before flowering (-1.64%). Although the photosynthesis rate tended to decrease under N deficiency over the season, it only poorly contributed to the reduction in C gain. The whole plant C growth was inhibited when N status decreased (-1.13% at harvest), due to the inhibition of shoot dry matter before veraison (-1.81%) and to a lower extent, to the lower dry matter in berries (-0.80%), trunks (-0.42%) and roots (-0.84%) at harvest. Part of the reduction in root dry matter was related to the lower starch reserves (-0.31%) at harvest. Interestingly, starch reserves tended to be higher under organic N supply than mineral N supply. Conclusion: The present results provided a general framework of carbon gain and use over time (within and between seasons) as impacted by N supply levels and form. Such a framework will be useful when building a model of the pluri-annual dynamics of carbon balance related to yield elaboration in grapevines.

Published
2019

18. PHENOPSIS DB: an Information System for Arabidopsis thaliana phenotypic data in an environmental context

Author

Massonnet Catherine, Tisné Sébastien, Neveu Pascal, Gennari Emilie, Tireau Anne, Wuyts Nathalie, Nègre Vincent, Dauzat Myriam, Fabre Juliette, Hummel Irène, and Granier Christine

Subjects
Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Abstract Background Renewed interest in plant × environment interactions has risen in the post-genomic era. In this context, high-throughput phenotyping platforms have been developed to create reproducible environmental scenarios in which the phenotypic responses of multiple genotypes can be analysed in a reproducible way. These platforms benefit hugely from the development of suitable databases for storage, sharing and analysis of the large amount of data collected. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, most databases available to the scientific community contain data related to genetic and molecular biology and are characterised by an inadequacy in the description of plant developmental stages and experimental metadata such as environmental conditions. Our goal was to develop a comprehensive information system for sharing of the data collected in PHENOPSIS, an automated platform for Arabidopsis thaliana phenotyping, with the scientific community. Description PHENOPSIS DB is a publicly available (URL: http://bioweb.supagro.inra.fr/phenopsis/) information system developed for storage, browsing and sharing of online data generated by the PHENOPSIS platform and offline data collected by experimenters and experimental metadata. It provides modules coupled to a Web interface for (i) the visualisation of environmental data of an experiment, (ii) the visualisation and statistical analysis of phenotypic data, and (iii) the analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana plant images. Conclusions Firstly, data stored in the PHENOPSIS DB are of interest to the Arabidopsis thaliana community, particularly in allowing phenotypic meta-analyses directly linked to environmental conditions on which publications are still scarce. Secondly, data or image analysis modules can be downloaded from the Web interface for direct usage or as the basis for modifications according to new requirements. Finally, the structure of PHENOPSIS DB provides a useful template for the development of other similar databases related to genotype × environment interactions.

Published
2011
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19. La métrologie dans le Département EA

Author

Giot, Guillaume, Jaulin, Anne, Ayzac, Adeline, Dauzat, Myriam, Cellier, Pierre, Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
mesure physique, instrumentation, [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Autre (Sciences de l'ingénieur), métrologie, démarche qualité, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2017

20. MOESM2 of PYM: a new, affordable, image-based method using a Raspberry Pi to phenotype plant leaf area in a wide diversity of environments

Author

Valle, Benoît, Simonneau, Thierry, Boulord, Romain, Sourd, Francis, Frisson, Thibault, Ryckewaert, Maxime, Hamard, Philippe, Brichet, Nicolas, Dauzat, Myriam, and Christophe, Angélique

Abstract

Additional file 2. Detailed wiring between the contactor and Raspberry Pi computers. By default, GPIO18 is connected to Ground, when the contactor is pushed, electric power is transferred to GPIO18, launching a script in the Raspberry Pi, triggering the image capture on all connected devices. A 470 k Ω resistor was attached to the GPIO18 entry at the contactor level to reduce. The cameras are not shown in this view.

Published
2017
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24. PHENOPSIS Quelles évolutions technologiques du premier automate de phénotypage des plantes?

Author

Dauzat, Myriam, Dambreville, Anaëlle, Bresson, Justine, Vile, Denis, Muller, Bertrand, Negre, Vincent, Koch, Garance, Vasseur, François, Bediee, Alexis, Desigaux, Maxence, Fourreau, Denis, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Optimalog Sarl, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
Type de mesures, automate, Phénotypage haut-débit, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], croissance des plantes, arabidopsis thaliana, Flexibilité, Sécurités, Ecophysiologie, plateforme de phénotypage, traçabilité du processus, Automate, robots, écophysiologie végétale, fiabilité des résultats
Abstract

Afin de répondre aux besoins de phénotypage à haut débit dans le domaine végétal, le LEPSE (Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des plantes sous stress environnementaux) et la société Optimalog ont mis au point dès 2002 PHENOPSIS, un des premiers automates de phénotypage des plantes pour cultiver et suivre la croissance en pots de centaines de plantes de l’espèce modèle Arabidopsis thaliana et ce à des niveaux de déficit hydrique du sol contrôlés. Depuis, PHENOPSIS a été utilisé comme outil de phénotypage dans plusieurs dizaines de publications. En parallèle, l’outil a évolué à la demande des utilisateurs pour élargir la gamme de mesures phénotypiques, accroître la sécurité des utilisateurs et améliorer la traçabilité et la fiabilité des données. Cet article fait le point sur ces évolutions.

Published
2016

25. Natural variation in [i]Arabidopsis thaliana[/i] response to water deficit

Author

Rymaszewski, Wojciech, Vile, Denis, Bediee, Alexis, Dauzat, Myriam, Hennig, Jacek, Granier, Christine, Laboratory of Plant Pathogenesis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), European Project: 284443, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), European Project: 284443,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2011-1,EPPN(2012), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, and European Plant Phenotyping Network - EPPN - - EC:FP7:INFRA2012-01-01 - 2015-12-31 - 284443 - VALID

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Plant response to soil water deficit involves complex survival strategies. Among others, they include efforts to maintain constant water potential by limitation of water loss e.g. decrease of transpiration rate and arrest of growth. Plants have also evolved dehydration tolerance mechanisms, leading to reorganization of global transcription patterns and accumulation of osmotically active solutes inside cells. We utilized the phenotyping platform PHENOPSIS to conduct an experiment on 18 Arabidopsis accessions in order to study natural variation in response to water deficit. Our set of accessions was chosen on the basis of annexin 1 (AtAnn1) mRNA level, that was previously related to drought tolerance. Plants were grown in control conditions or were subjected to moderate and severe soil water deficit. Measured traits were mainly associated with growth and transpiration, allowing us to assess responses of different accessions to applied environmental stresses. Additionally, we harvested leaf samples to determine changes in gene expression patterns induced by dehydration. Used set of accessions displayed high variation in response to water deficit, however unrelated to AtAnn1 transcript level. Principal component analysis performed on physiological data revealed condition-dependent clustering, as well as presence of individuals behaving in a significantly distinct fashion, suggesting their extreme low or high response. We are joining phenotypic and molecular analyses together to acquire more complete description of plant response to water deficit and we are also looking for links between measured variables of both types of data.Project was funded by EPPN and Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant no. UMO-2012/05/N/NZ9/01396)

Published
2015

26. PHENOPSIS: From a phenotyping platform to a whole pipeline of analyses

Author

Dauzat, Myriam, Bediee, Alexis, Balsera, Crispulo, Rolland, Gaelle, Vile, Denis, Muller, Bertrand, Negre, Vincent, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), European Project: 284443,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2011-1,EPPN(2012), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), European Project: 284443, European Project: 244374,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,DROPS(2010), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, and European Plant Phenotyping Network - EPPN - - EC:FP7:INFRA2012-01-01 - 2015-12-31 - 284443 - VALID

Subjects
base de données, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], Vegetal Biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], arabidopsis thaliana, food and beverages, protocole expérimental, mesure micrométéorologique, outil statistique, interaction génotype environnement, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], plateforme de phénotypage, Applications, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Biologie végétale, analyse d'image 3d, ontologie
Abstract

National audience; A major goal of the life sciences is to understand and model how molecular processes control phenotypes and their alteration in response to biotic or abiotic stresses. The study of Arabidopsis thaliana genomics is providing new insights into the understanding of these processes. The functional analysis of genes associated with these responses is made possible by the phenotypic analyses of mutants or natural genetic variants, high-throughput genetic mapping and large-scale analyses of gene expression. Ten years ago, an important bottleneck was the phenotypic analysis of the genetic variability, which requires simultaneous analysis of hundreds to thousands of plants. The PHENOPSIS platform provide since 2002 large quantities of micro-meteorological data, images and phenotypical data for the study of genotype x environment interaction effects on different plant processes in A. thaliana. Protocols have been standardised to allow reproducibility between experiments and facilitate meta-analyses. Phenopsis is part of the M3P facility (https://www6.montpellier.inra.fr/lepse/M3P). It is accessible to public or private scientists via the website of the national project Phenome-FPPN (https://www.phenome-fppn.fr/). Database, ontologies, image analyses and statistical tools ensure that the data produced by specific groups can benefit other groups in analyses of which the purposes extend beyond the ones that have been published.

Published
2015

28. A multi-scale pipeline for reproducible analyses of tomato leaf expansion and its plasticity in response to drought

Author

Koch, Garance, DAMBREVILLE, Anaëlle, Rolland, Gaelle, Dauzat, Myriam, Chevalier, Christian, Frangne, Nathalie, Guedon, Yann, Bertin, Nadia, Baldazzi, Valentina, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Modeling plant morphogenesis at different scales, from genes to phenotype (VIRTUAL PLANTS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
cell division, feuille, leaf, fleshy fruit, growth, fruit charnu, division cellulaire, tomato, croissance, endoréduplication, tomate, physiologie végétale, solanum lycopersicum, développement de la plante, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
Abstract

A multi-scale pipeline for reproducible analyses of tomato leaf expansion and its plasticity in response to drought. 10. International Symposium on Modelling in Fruit Research and Orchard Management

Published
2015

29. M3P: The 'Montpellier Plant Phenotyping Platforms'

Author

Welcker, Claude, Cabrera Bosquet, Llorenç, Grau, Antonin, Tardieu, Francois, Negre, Vincent, Brichet, Nicolas, Suard, Benoit, Mineau, Jonathan, Dauzat, Myriam, Granier, Christine, Muller, Bertrand, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, European Plant Phenotyping Network - EPPN - - EC:FP7:INFRA2012-01-01 - 2015-12-31 - 284443 - VALID, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), European Project: 244374,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,DROPS(2010), European Project: 284443,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2011-1,EPPN(2012), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and European Project: 284443

Subjects
Vegetal Biology, Biodiversité et Ecologie, montpellier, infrastructure, dispositif expérimental, Biodiversity and Ecology, plateforme de phénotypage, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, France, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Biologie végétale
Abstract

National audience; The research group LEPSE, ranked among the top 5% research group in ecophysiology worldwide in 2014 by a panel of experts is developing high throughput phenotyping platforms for more than 15 years. Three complementary platforms, embarking 500 to 1700 plants simultaneously, aim to analyze and model genetic variability of plant responses to environmental stresses and climate change (mainly drought and elevated temperature). These platforms host large collections of genotypes of the same species, evaluate their tolerance and obtain relevant parameters that will be injected into predicting models allowing the selection and the breeding of future, tolerant and more efficient varieties. These platforms are gathered into "Montpellier Plant Phenotyping Platforms " (M3P), that is a full member of the "Investmant for the future" initiative PHENOME. The platforms hosts ~ 50% of external access in the frame of national and international projects on a variety of species (maize, wheat, grapevine, apple tree, sorghum, millet, rice, A. Thaliana).

Published
2015

30. Mesures en série des échanges gazeux à l'échelle plante entière de plantes cultivées en pot

Author

Bediee, Alexis, Luchaire, Nathalie, DAMBREVILLE, Anaëlle, Brichet, Nicolas, Hamard, Philippe, Dauzat, Myriam, Muller, Bertrand, Pellegrino, Anne, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR (projet DURAVITIS), EIT Climate-KIC project AgwaterBreed, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR-10-GENM-0004,DURAVITIS,Bases développementales, moléculaires et génétiques de l'adaptation de la vigne à la contrainte thermique.(2010), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
Vegetal Biology, plante entière, Respiration, mise au point de technique, Chambre d’assimilation, cylindre emboîtable, Circuit ouvert, Cylindre emboîtable, Photosynthèse nette, Plante entière, Transpiration, transpiration, circuit ouvert, chambre d'assimilation, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, écophysiologie végétale, vigne, Biologie végétale, respiration végétale
Abstract

Un système permettant de mesurer la photosynthèse nette, la respiration et la transpiration individuelles de quatre plantes en pot a été développé. Ces dernières sont positionnées dans des chambres d’assimilation dont la hauteur est ajustable selon l’espèce et selon les contraintes d’encombrement liées au lieu de mesure (serre, chambre de culture, extérieur). Il s’agît d’un système ouvert : l’air dans les chambres d’assimilation est sans cesse renouvelé, ce qui évite une décroissance du taux de CO2 (due à la consommation de la plante) et un éventuel effet de serre. Le système a été testé en conditions contrôlées sur la microvigne pour différents gradients thermiques et sur le colza. Les mesures de transpiration et de photosynthèse, pour des environnements thermiques contrastés, sont conformes à celles obtenues à l’aide d’autres outils utilisés en routine en écophysiologie (balances, analyseur d’échanges gazeux à l’échelle foliaire). Les chambres permettent d’accéder à la respiration de l’ensemble des organes aériens de la plante, contrairement aux mesures d’échanges gazeux localisées sur les feuilles. Les améliorations à prévoir concernant la conception des chambres et le protocole de mesure sont discutées.

Published
2015

31. Phenotyping and beyond: modelling the relationships between traits

Author

Vile, Denis, Bresson, Justine, Lievre, Maryline, Vasseur, François, Balsera, Crispulo, Bediee, Alexis, Rolland, Gaelle, Dauzat, Myriam, Muller, Bertrand, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Federation of European Societies of Plant Biology (FESPB). INT., and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Plant phenotyping technology has become more advanced with the capacity to measure many morphological and physiological traits on a given individual. With increasing automation, getting access to various traits on a high number of genotypes over time raises the need to develop systems for data storage and analyses, all congregating into plant phenotyping pipelines. Here, we highlight several studies that illustrate the latest advances in plant multi-trait phenotyping and discuss future needs to ensure the best use of all these quantitative data. We assert that the next challenge is to disentangle how plant traits are embedded in networks of dependencies (and independencies) by modelling the relationships between them and how these are affected by genetics and environment.

Published
2014

32. New insights into pot size effects on oilseed rape vegetative growth and Its interaction with response to drought

Author

DAMBREVILLE, Anaëlle, Griolet, Mélanie, Rolland, Gaelle, Dauzat, Myriam, Bediee, Alexis, Rosello, Anthony, Muller, Bertrand, Vile, Denis, Granier, Christine, ProdInra, Migration, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Federation of European Societies of Plant Biology (FESPB). INT.

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, fungi, Dimension du pot, technology, industry, and agriculture, food and beverages, complex mixtures, humanities
Abstract

In the current context of reduction of the available freshwater, drought is one of the most studied environmental constraints restricting plant growth. Many plant phenotyping platforms have been developed to assess plant responses to drought. In these high-throughput platforms, plants are grown in pots and soil water content is monitored automatically. Several studies have reported a major effect of pot size and soil volume on plant growth. The interaction of the pot size with other growth conditions is often ignored even when plant growth response to drought is studied. We investigated whether pot size affects shoot growth responses to drought. Shoot, leaf and cell traits were studied for three genotypes of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown under two soil water regimes, in small and in large pots. Small pots led to a reduction of all growth-related traits. These traits were also decreased in response to drought, whatever the genotype or the pot size but the trait sensitivity to drought depended on the pot size. Depending on traits, allometric relationships were modified by pot size demonstrating complex interactions between pot size and plant responses to drought. Our results suggest that pot size has to be considered when defining the experimental set up as it may affect plant responses to other environmental conditions.

Published
2014

34. Taking full advantage of systematic phenotyping in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Granier, Christine, Tisne, Sebastien, Massonnet, Catherine, Wuyts, Nathalie, Lievre, Maryline, Vasseur, François, Bresson, J., Bouteillé, Marie, Pantin, Florent, Fabre, Juliette, Negre, Vincent, Dauzat, Myriam, Rolland, Gaelle, Balsera, Crispulo, Muller, Bertrand, Vile, Denis, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2012

35. Structural assessment of the impact of environmental constraints on Arabidopsis thaliana leaf growth: a 3D approach

Author

Wuyts, Nathalie, Massonnet, Catherine, Dauzat, Myriam, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Ecophysiology and Plant Genetics for Sustainable Agriculture, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Agropolis Fondation, Agron-Omics [LSHG-CT-2006-037704], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL)

Subjects
cell number, leaf, stomatal, growth, fungi, food and beverages, day length, 3D imaging, epidermis, leaf thickness, soil water deficit, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, mesophyll, cell volume, conductance
Abstract

Light and soil water content affect leaf surface area expansion through modifications in epidermal cell numbers and area, while effects on leaf thickness and mesophyll cell volumes are far less documented. Here, three-dimensional imaging was applied in a study of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf growth to determine leaf thickness and the cellular organization of mesophyll tissues under moderate soil water deficit and two cumulative light conditions. In contrast to surface area, thickness was highly conserved in response to water deficit under both low and high cumulative light regimes. Unlike epidermal and palisade mesophyll tissues, no reductions in cell number were observed in the spongy mesophyll; cells had rather changed in volume and shape. Furthermore, leaf features of a selection of genotypes affected in leaf functioning were analysed. The low-starch mutant pgm had very thick leaves because of unusually large palisade mesophyll cells, together with high levels of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. By means of an open stomata mutant and a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase overexpressor, it was shown that stomatal conductance does not necessarily have a major impact on leaf dimensions and cellular organization, pointing to additional mechanisms for the control of CO2 diffusion under high and low stomatal conductance, respectively.

Published
2012

36. Un éclairage sur les LEDS

Author

Dauzat, Myriam, Perrot, Cedric, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
rayonnement photosynthétiquement actif, croissance végétale, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, culture sous serre, serre, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, éclairage
Published
2012

37. First observations of the microvine development under 100 % LED (light emitting diodes) illumination

Author

RIENTH, Markus, Dauzat, Myriam, Pellegrino, Anne, LOPEZ, GILBERT, Torregrosa, Laurent, Romieu, Charles, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
microvine, fungi, rapid cycling vines, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, food and beverages, grapevine development, light emitting diodes (LED), [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, growth chamber
Abstract

In order to reduce energy waste for artificial lights and subsequent air conditioning in plant growth chambers, the aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the feasibility of growing the microvine under 100 % of LED illumination. Plant growth under two different LED lights was compared amongst each other and with plants maintained in greenhouse conditions. Regarding the impact on the reproductive and vegetative systems, the study showed that LED light is suitable to grow microvines in confined environments. Plants exposed to LED light exhibited similar leaf emergence rate but reduced vegetative and reproductive organ size compared to plants grown in the greenhouse. Photosynthesis for plants exposed to LED light was higher than what is usually observed on grapevine under natural conditions., VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 51 No. 4 (2012): Vitis

Published
2012

38. Standardization of protocols and experimental design for high-throughput phenotyping: needs and limits

Author

Granier, Christine, Vile, Denis, Vasseur, François, Pantin, Florent, Muller, Bertrand, Bresson, J., Valluru, Ravi, Massonnet, Catherine, Fabre, Juliette, Dapp, Mélanie, Tisne, Sebastien, Cookson, S.J., Dauzat, Myriam, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2011

39. C metabolism and plant growth under water deficit: chicken and egg

Author

Muller, Bertrand, Hummel, Irène, Pantin, Florent, Sulpice, Ronan, Piques, Maria, Rolland, Gaelle, Dauzat, Myriam, Gibon, Yves, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, UMR INRA / Univ. Bordeaux 1 / Univ. Bordeaux 2 : Physiologie et Biotechnologie Végétales, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux 1 - Sciences Technologies (U. Bordeaux 1)-Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux 2 (U. Bordeaux 2), Gordon Research Conferences (GRC). USA., Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

42. Keep on growing under drought: genetic and developmental bases of the response of rosette area using a recombinant inbred line population

Author

Tisne, Sebastien, Schmalenbach, I., Reymond, Matthieu, Dauzat, Myriam, Pervent, Marjorie, Vile, Denis, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ)

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI, FLOWERING TIME, fungi, food and beverages, BIOLOGIE DU DEVELOPPEMENT, ARABIDOPSIS, DROUGHT, LEAF DEVELOPMENT
Abstract

UMR LEPSE; International audience; Variation in leaf development caused by water deficit was analysed in 120 recombinant inbred lines derived from two Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, Ler and An-1. Main effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and QTLs in epistatic interactions were mapped for the responses of rosette area, leaf number and leaf 6 area to water deficit. An epistatic interaction between two QTLs affected the response of whole rosette area and individual leaf area but only with effects in well-watered condition. A second epistatic interaction between two QTLs controlled the response of rosette area and leaf number with specific effects in the water deficit condition. These effects were validated by generating and phenotyping new appropriate lines. Accordingly, a low reduction of rosette area was observed for lines with a specific allelic combination at the two interacting QTLs. This low reduction was accompanied by an increase in leaf number with a lengthening of the vegetative phase and a low reduction in individual leaf area with low reductions in epidermal cell area and number. Statistical analyses suggested that responses of epidermal cell area and number to water deficit in individual leaves were partly caused by delay in flowering time and reduction in leaf emergence rate, respectively.

Published
2010

43. Ecophysiology meets metabolic profiling: an integrative approach of Arabidopsis thaliana responses to drought

Author

Hummel, Irène, Pantin, Florent, Sulpice, R., Piques, M., Rolland, Gaelle, Dauzat, Myriam, Granier, Christine, Stitt, M., Gibon, Yves, Muller, Bertrand, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, UMR INRA / Univ. Bordeaux 1 / Univ. Bordeaux 2 : Physiologie et Biotechnologie Végétales, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux 1 - Sciences Technologies (U. Bordeaux 1)-Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux 2 (U. Bordeaux 2), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
fungi, food and beverages, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
Abstract

International audience; Understanding what limits plant growth under water deficit is an important issue because it could help in identifying target processes for the improvement of plant performance under drought. Primary metabolism, which provides energy and building blocks to biomass production, has been intensively studied in plants experiencing drought, but no clear picture has emerged so far. In particular, although it is well established that carbon fluxes are severely altered under drought, it is still unclear whether this would primarily affect plant performance. By using an integrative approach combining ecophysiology and multilevel metabolic phenotyping, we investigated growth and metabolism in Arabidopsis plants subjected to mild and severe water deficits for up to several weeks. The results show that under drought, rosette growth rates were more reduced than photosynthesis, leading to an improved carbon balance. K+ and organic acids were the main contributors to osmotic adjustment, and water shortage led to a global increase in the turnover of carbon rich compounds (starch, soluble sugars, organic acids and amino acids), suggesting that relatively more carbon was available at night. A more favorable carbon status at night was confirmed by a shift in the levels of transcripts encoding sugar responsive genes. In contrast, most enzyme activities under study showed only limited response to water stress. Taken together, these data suggest that in our conditions, carbon status did not limit growth, being adjusted to drought, but without requiring an in-depth reprogramming of central metabolism.

Published
2009

44. A role for Carbon metabolism in leaf growth response to soil water deficit ? An integrated perspective

Author

Hummel, Irène, Pantin, Florent, Sulpice, Ronan, Rolland, Gaelle, Piques, Maria, Dauzat, Myriam, Stitt, Mark, Gibon, Yves, Muller, Bertrand, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
Abstract

International audience; Understanding what limits plant growth under water deficit is an important issue because it could help in identifying key processes at which genetic variation of stress tolerance relies on, and provide prospects for breeding. We evaluated responses to soil water deficit in C metabolism and leaf growth in Arabidopsis using two complementary approaches. First, we questioned whether water deficit depreciates or improves the C status of the plant. Most activities of enzymes from central metabolism were increased under water deficit, while all C metabolites accumulated. Strikingly, only glutamate dehydrogenase and acid invertase activities, which are known to increase under sugar starvation, decreased under water deficit. A survey of 20 sugar responsive genes then confirmed that in WT, carbon status was improved by water deficit. Furthermore, it showed that C status was improved at night in the starchless mutant pgm, which experiences C starvation every night under well watered conditions. Second, we evaluated the impact of C metabolism on the response of leaf growth to water deficit by using a set of mutants affected in starch metabolism. During the early steps following the emergence of a leaf, strong day-night growth fluctuations were visible in these mutants only, in phase with the fluctuations of their C status. Moreover, leaf growth at night in these mutants was increased by water deficit as compared to well watered conditions. Finally, the extent of the daily accumulation of transient C forms was strongly related to the rate of leaf growth at night, and this association became looser as the level of water deficit increased. Taken together, these findings suggest that C metabolism has a strong impact on growth in the early, heterotrophic, stages of the leaf, but that this influence decreases with leaf age and water deficit, probably as other limitations take place.

Published
2009

45. Plant growth control by water deficit: which process(es) to lead the game?

Author

Granier, Christine, Simonneau, Thierry, Vile, Denis, Ehlert, Christina, Hummel, Irène, Tisne, Sebastien, Bouteillé, Marie, Massonnet, Catherine, Fabre, Juliette, Pervent, Marjorie, Pantin, Florent, Rolland, Gaelle, Dauzat, Myriam, Muller, Bertrand, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and The European Plant Science Organisation (EPSO). BEL.

Subjects
food and beverages, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
Abstract

National audience; The nature of plant growth limitation by environmental stresses such as water deficit is a central question for physiologists and breeders because this knowledge could help to target key processes for breeding programs and help designing plants able to maintain growth under stressful conditions. In order to grow, plant cells must loosen their walls, absorb water, reduce and process enough C and minerals to match the plant demand. Therefore, plant cell growth can be limited by cell wall rheological properties, cell or tissue hydraulics or by metabolism. In addition, cell division can be an important process to consider as cell number, together with cell size, contributes to the whole organ size. Over the past few years, our group has questioned the importance of these limitations using combinations of ecophysiological tools, spatio-temporal growth analysis and modelling in ranges of genotypes (including natural variants and mutants). Among the outcomes of these studies, I will show that (i) hydraulic limitation plays a great role on organ growth on the short term, (ii) distinct members of the cell wall loosening expansins family are downstream, unspecific targets of a range of converging developmental, genetic, and environmental cues (iii) metabolism and growth are tightly connected, possibly through a remote control of leaf expansion by starch metabolism and (iv) leaf cell size is more a consequence of growth control at higher levels of organization than vice-versa

Published
2008

46. Développement d’un système d'information de phénotypage d’Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Fabre, Juliette, Tireau, Anne, Neveu, Pascal, Dauzat, Myriam, Granier, Christine, ProdInra, Migration, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Analyse des Systèmes et Biométrie (ASB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, HTML, INTERFACE WEB, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, INFORMATIQUE, ARCHITECTURE CLIENT/SERVEUR, SYSTEME DE GESTION DE BASE DE DONNEES, ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA, PHENOTYPAGE, PHP, HAUT-DEBIT, SYSTEME D'INFORMATION, MYSQL
Abstract

National audience; L'évolution de la démarche scientifique dans la plupart des champs d'investigation se traduit par une exigence de haut débit dont on ne peut tirer le meilleur profit sans un effort considérable d’archivage et de mise à disposition des données. Au laboratoire d’écophysiologie des plantes sous stress environnementaux (LEPSE) du centre Inra de Montpellier, le développement récent d’une plate-forme de phénotypage automatisée dédiée à la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana, la plate-forme PHENOPSIS, a permis d’augmenter de façon considérable les analyses phénotypiques effectuées sur cette espèce. Dans ce contexte, il est devenu nécessaire de développer une base de données associée à la plate-forme. Le travail présenté ici décrit les choix technologiques et le développement de la base de données et de l’interface Web qui établit le lien entre cette base de données et ses utilisateurs. Avec cet ensemble le travail d’insertion des données et de leur stockage ainsi que leur consultation et/ou téléchargement se fait de manière contrôlée.

Published
2008

47. Mesure des rayonnements de grande longueur d'onde

Author

Dauzat, Myriam, Flura, Dominique, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, PYRGEOMETRE, TEMPERATURE DE REFLEXION, THERMOMETRE INFRAROUGE
Abstract

Huyez-Levrat M. (coord.); Nous présentons trois types d’appareils qui utilisent la mesure de grandes longueurs d’onde (aux environs des 10 μm) pour des mesures de rayonnement atmosphérique ou des mesures de températures sans contact. Une description sera suivie des précautions à prendre lors des mesures puis d’exemples d’utilisation dans nos recherches. Cet article se veut pratique et l’occasion d’échanges de méthodes ou d’impressions, et surtout il a pour but de sensibiliser les utilisateurs des températures de surface à l’échelle du couvert mais aussi de la plante aux influences possibles de l’environnement sur les mesures.

Published
2008

49. Phosphate/Zinc Interaction Analysis in Two Lettuce Varieties Reveals Contrasting Effects on Biomass, Photosynthesis, and Dynamics of Pi Transport

Author

Bouain, Nadia, primary, Kisko, Mushtak, additional, Rouached, Aida, additional, Dauzat, Myriam, additional, Lacombe, Benoit, additional, Belgaroui, Nibras, additional, Ghnaya, Tahar, additional, Davidian, Jean-Claude, additional, Berthomieu, Pierre, additional, Abdelly, Chedly, additional, and Rouached, Hatem, additional

Published
2014
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50. Impact des protections individuelles à effet de serre sur des plants d'arganier en conditions hydriques non limitantes

Author

Fallah, M., Dupraz, Christian, Dauzat, Myriam, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Service irevues, irevues, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
MAROC, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, CROISSANCE, ARGANIA SPINOSA (Arganier), [SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, ECOPHYSIOLOGIE
Abstract

La régénération de la forêt d'arganiers au Maroc est un échec complet, principalement à cause de l'abroutissement par les animaux domestiques. La protection individuelle de chaque jeune arganier par un abri-serre pourrait contribuer à permettre l'installation de nouveaux peuplements, en évitant les conflits entre les éleveurs et les forestiers. La croissance en longueur et en diamètre de jeunes plants d'arganiers, dans des conditions de bonne alimentation hydrique à l'intérieur de ces abris a fait l'objet de ce travail. On compare 4 modalités différentes d'abris à effet de serre, l'abri blanc aéré et l'abri blanc étanche, l'abri sombre aéré et l'abri sombre étanche. Les abris blancs et aérés donnent les meilleurs résultats.

Published
2001

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