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Negative ion time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analysis of rigorously cleaned untreated, hydroxylamine and potassium hydroxide (KOH)-treated wool fabrics, produced with minimal finishing, has revealed the possible presence of hitherto unidentified bound acids at the surface of the wool fibre. Spectral peaks have been assigned to C8 through to C22 fatty acids, the odd numbered acids of which have been assigned to anteiso acids, (a), akin to the anteiso acid 18-methyleicosanoic acid known to be the dominant fatty acid bound to keratin fibre surfaces. This has included the assignment of some small peaks to hydroxylated aC18H36(OH)COS− and aC20H40(OH)COS− species, where the hydroxyl group is attached to the asymmetric 16 or 18 numbered carbon atom in the alkyl chain, respectively. The study has confirmed that many of the acids are bound to the fibre surface by thioester linkages (about 70%) and that the remainder is bound by oxygen ester acyl linkages. ToF-SIMS analysis of hydroxylamin...

The problems in using a single-ANN (artificial neural network) predictive system in speech coding are considered and a system consisting of several ANNs, a multi-ANN system, optimised for operation over various bands in the dynamic speech range is proposed. This system shows considerable improvement over the single-ANN system.

Reports and discusses current measurements made Aug 1966 from USS Burton Island (AGB-1) in the strait which separates Vrangelya Island from the Siberian mainland. A significant tidal oscillation of the currents is caused by the semidiurnal tide wave of the Arctic Ocean, propagating eastward through the strait. The oscillation varies in amplitude with the semimonthly tidal inequality. The long-term mean flow through the channel appears to be controlled by continuity requirements of the Chukchi Sea - East Siberian Sea systems as it responds to the regional winds. When regional atmospheric pressure gradients dictate winds E of Vrangelya and/or northerly-southerly winds to the west, the flow is west-bound through the strait, and vice versa. The surface layer and ice field respond more directly to local winds.