Search

Abstract Ri chicken is the most popular backyard chicken breed in Vietnam, but little is known about the growth curve of this breed. This study compared the performances of models with three parameters (Gompertz, Brody, and Logistic) and models containing four parameters (Richards, Bridges, and Janoschek) for describing the growth of Ri chicken. The bodyweight of Ri chicken was recorded weekly from week 1 to week 19. Growth models were fitted using minpack.lm package in R software and Akaike’s information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and root mean square error (RMSE) were used for model comparison. Based on these criteria, the models having four parameters showed better performance than the ones with three parameters, and the Richards model was the best one for males and females. The lowest and highest value of asymmetric weights (α) were obtained by Bridges and Brody models for each of sexes, respectively. Age and weight estimated by the Richard model were 8.46 and 7.51 weeks and 696.88 and 487.58 g for males and for females, respectively. Differences in the growth curves were observed between males and female chicken. Overall, the results suggested using the Richards model for describing the growth curve of Ri chickens. Further studies on the genetics and genomics of the obtained growth parameters are required before using them for the genetic improvement of Ri chickens.

The article presents the model and practices of human potential development. Human potential is considered in three contexts: the context of development, emerging markets (innovation and creative industries, entrepreneurship, etc.); the context of human “mightiness”, his or her ability to act in conditions of uncertainty, to create something new and unexpected; and the context of searching for the human in human potential, emphasizing the value-semantic aspects of human potential and cultural practices of its development. By human potential is meant the subject’s capabilities in cooperation with Significant Others to open prospects for self-development and self-realization in the described contexts. The developed model is based on the concept of “productive action”, supplemented by reflective practices of constructing opportunities and one’s own path, developing the ability to be a cultural, social, and economic subject. The development of human potential is proposed to be carried out along three vectors: “working with the ideal” (searching for one’s own meanings and developing reflection), “self-positioning in society” (social positions, connections, communities, reputation, career position, occupation, and types of activity), and “mightiness” (building the ability to “overcome one’s inability”, i.e., the ability to act on the frontier). The model allows researching, describing, and constructing practices of human potential development. The proposed model of practice and the structure of its description are presented, as well as examples of significant practices for the purposes of the study from the field of higher, secondary, and additional education.

There are presented the results of geochemical studies of the Vendian-Cambrian terrigenous rocks in the Upper Kalar depression– sandstones of the Silimkun formation, exposed in the floodplain of the Kilcheris River (left tributary of the China River), in the upper reaches of the Kemen River. The rocks are enriched in Sc, Cr, Nb, V, Co, Ni, as well as in Mo and heavy rare earth elements. This study demonstrates a rare pairwise correlation between Mo and Cr. A strong positive correlation of P with Nb, Ti and Fe is indicative of P sorption phenomena in alteration products of titanium minerals (e.g. leucoxene). It has been found that the sandstones of the Silimkun Formation were formed as a result of the destruction of granitoids of the Kalar massif – presumably granite porphyries and fine-grained porphyritic biotite granites. The influence of the gabbro-norites of the Chiney complex, enriched in trace elements commonly found in rocks, is less pronounced.

The training of medical specialists needs systemic transformation. Educational organizations must create conditions for developing research competencies and innovative activities among future healthcare, as well as implement transversal formats for attracting and managing talented youth at all stages of professional development. To create a passport of educational program competencies and describe the results of educational activities, the "Competency Standard" database has been developed. The aim was to classify groups and categories of competencies, including the subject’s competencies (both educational and project), the competencies of activity development, and transversal competences applicable in any type of educational and project activities. Project-based training for students makes it possible to form following priority competencies in medicine and pharmacy: analytical, research, professional, communicative, digital, managerial and entrepreneurial. Project-based learning and new educational formats are used as an transversal technology in the implementation of innovative programs, the target audience of which is students with increased educational potential, claiming a portfolio of high-quality competencies.

This theoretical and empirical study verifies the hypothesis that the desire to control one’s own future is a significant behavioral factor. A controlled future is a phenomenon at the intersection of internality and emotional response. The relationship between the level of internality and emotional response was analyzed at two levels. The first level featured stable personality traits. They were identified using standard personality questionnaires, namely the Standard Personality Traits Questionnaire modified by E. G. Ksenofontov and C. Izard’s Differential Emotions Scale adapted by A. V. Leonov and M. S. Kapitsa. The second level featured situational personal traits manifested in particular situations as a general state of emotional comfort or discomfort. The authors developed a questionnaire that included six types of situations, each of which had three response options. The first option presupposed a passive (external) position, i.e., waiting for help from others. The second option described an active (internal) position. The third option was intermediate (50/50). Each behavioral option required an assessment of emotional comfort. At the level of subjective-personal traits, the general level of personal internality determined the readiness for action and overcoming difficulties, often associated with negative emotional experiences. A lower readiness for action and transformation triggered stronger negative emotions. The level of situational behavior demonstrated a similar trend: a lower control over the situation was associated with a greater emotional discomfort. However, the relationship between control and emotional comfort was not linear. The level of emotional discomfort increased following the rise in the control level.

The present research featured the psychosemantic foundation of interpersonal relations, the latter represented as a three-level system. The psychosemantic foundation contains implicit models of interpersonal relations; the regulatory level regulates interpersonal relationships in various contexts; the behavioral level manifests itself in direct interpersonal behavior. The research was based on the method of semantic differential. However, the method proved too sensitive to various kinds of heterogeneity of the test subjects, which rendered it impossible to identify the factor structure. As a result, the semantic differential was converted to factorial personality systems through the Automated Personal Thesaurus TEZAL. In this research, the semantic differential vocabulary profile was converted to 16PF personality profile. The semantic differential and converted data underwent statistical and comparative analyses, which singled out the general structures of perception in the system of interpersonal relations. The procedure revealed two bipolar factors. The factor of social self-organization reflected the degree of orderliness of social activity and behavior. The factor of social interaction demonstrated the flexibility, activity and initiative of social behavior. A regression analysis of the psychosemantic foundations revealed a more complex system, when interpersonal relations are perceived through the role image of mother and friend. Thus, initial data conversion provided a more detailed reconstruction of the psychosemantic foundation of interpersonal relations.

The research featured the effect of the dominant cognitive style on the creativity of college students. The research objective was to study the dynamic transformations of the content characteristics of creativity in college students with different cognitive styles. The article introduces various approaches to the concepts of cognitive style and creativity in foreign and domestic psychology. A set of experiments revealed the necessity to take into account the dominant cognitive style as a creativity determiner and proved the effect of cognitive style on creativity. The authors studied the dynamics of creativity in students, based on their field dependence / independence and integrity / differentiality. The field-dependent students appeared to be more involved in the academic information al environment. They were unable to change their attitudes and opinions, even in conditions of directional influence during the psychological training. The field-independent student showed better creativity after the psychological training as they strived to develop their own attitude to all incoming information. The participants with predominating differentiality were more creative, while their differential state vector depended on their ability to satisfy their need to detail the information they perceived and produced.

Cosmic-ray induced γ-ray emission in active galactic nuclei (AGN) has been examined in this study for the first time. Cross-sections for the formation of γ-quanta in such cosmic-ray collisions were selected in the 1-150 MeV energy range. Synthetic γ-ray spectra were computed for both interstellar gas and dust. At the same energies of particle collisions and induced emission of γ- quanta, energy intervals of diagnostic interest were determined. Specific characteristics of emission were detected in the energy ranges of 5-15 MeV and 23-30 MeV for most investigated elements. Diffuse continuous γ-ray spectra for the other energy ranges were less informative with regard to the determination of the chemical composition of interstellar gas. It has been shown that exploring cosmic-ray fluxes in the vicinity of galactic centres by employing the examined γ-ray spectra yields a pattern of their energy distribution. Diagrams of cross- sections for γ-quanta formation were computed for the α- process elements. Synthetic γ-ray spectra of interstellar gas and dust were calculated individually and collectively. It has been indicated that, under certain conditions in AGN, cross-sections for ionisation of atoms due to energy losses by cosmic-ray induced ionisation and γ-quanta emission resulting from collisions with cosmic rays are similar. It has been found that when the maximum of proton and α- particle energy distribution function falls within the investigated range of energies, it leads to the formation of the peak flux of γ-rays. This is particularly important for the interpretation of observations in the energy ranges of 5- 15 MeV and 23-30 MeV. Synthetic induced γ-ray spectra of interstellar dust were computed, and methods of their observations for silicate and carbon-containing dust, which account for 80% and 20% of the interstellar-dust total mass, respectively, were determined. It has been deduced that the contribution of Compton processes to γ-quanta emission can be neglected at the investigated energies.

Purpose of the study. The reasons for the unsatisfactory results of surgical treatment of patients with celiac artery compression syndrome (CACS) and the role of repeated interventions allows to achieve a lasting improvement in most of them. The purpose of the study is to clarify the reasons for the unsatisfactory outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with CACS and the nature and significance of repeated operations.Patients and methods. From 860 patients with CASC who were operated on over the past 25 years 82 patients were selected with unsatisfactory treatment results. Initial conventional abdominal surgery was performed in 26 (31.7%) patients without a positive outcome before decompression of celiac artery (DCA). Primary operations were performed in 82 patients with proven CASC, of which 69 (84.1%) had DCA in open approach, isolated in 43 (52.4%) and combined in 26 (31.7%). Embolization of PDA aneurysm in one (1.2%) patient. In other medical institutions 15 (18.3%) patients were operated, among them 3 (3.7%) patients had DCA in open approach, in 4 (4.9%) laparoscopic DCA, in 6 (7.3%) angioplasty and emergency stenting and two (2.4%) reconstructive operations, all technically and clinically unsuccessful.Results. After DCA in open approach 51 (73.9%) patients of 69 patients had normal celiac artery flow. 4 patients had unresolved stenosis of the celiac artery and 15 relapsed its stenosis, one of them with residual stenosis after DCA twice, which amounted to 0.5% and 1.7%, respectively of 860 patients. Repeated operations were performed in 51 (62.2%) patients out of 82 to restore the celiac artery in 28 (34.2%), among them 4 (4.9%) in combination with interventions on the abdominal organs. Abdominal operations with concomitant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with normal flow in celiac artery in 21 (25.6%).Scalenotomy in two (2.4%). Of 28 patients, re-revascularization of the celiac artery was successful as a result of open decompression in 7 out of 8, bypass surgery in 9 out of 10 and balloon angioplasty and with stenting in two out of 7. One had an effective primary DCA and the other resected PDA aneurysm. 19 patients out of 25 showed a good result after operations on the abdominal organs.Conclusion. The unsatisfactory results of surgical treatment of patients with CASC are associated with inadequate restoration of celiac artery restenosis and/or concomitant diseases of the abdominal organs. Repeated vascular operations are mainly: decompression of celiac artery in open approach, bypass surgery and balloon angioplasty and stenting, and/or abdominal mainly: cholecystectomy, NissenFP, and Strong surgery are of primary importance in the treatment of patients with CASC.

In this paper, we determine the causes of correlations between the observed logarithmic lu- minosity logL of galaxies with active nuclei (AGN) with particular attention to BL Lac type objects. The properties of flux variations of these galaxies in γ-rays (logL γ ) and in optics (logL O ) are associated with the combined action of cosmic rays (CR), and also with hard radiation around the entire perimeter of AGN. The necessity of using positron spectroscopy in such objects is found. The importance of high-precision measurements of 1.022 MeV line arising from the anni- hilation of positrons with K-electrons of multielectron atoms in the interstellar medium of disk component of the studied galaxies is emphasized. The relation- ship between the single-photon positron annihilation and the Doppler line broadening of the same atoms in optics is investigated in AGN. We found that indi- rect evidence of the presence of a sufficient number of positrons and their annihilation are the cascade chan- nels observed in the form of ∆-resonance. According to the available data from the AGN’s catalogs the cal- ibration of their luminosity in other spectral regions is proposed.

The soil microbiome consists of a vast variety of microorganisms which contribute to essential ecosystem services including nutrient recycling, protecting soil structure, and pathogen suppression. Recalcitrant organic compounds present in soils contaminated with fuel oil can lead to a decrease in functional redundancy within soil microbiomes. Ecopiling is a passive bioremediation technique involving biostimulation of indigenous hydrocarbon degraders, bioaugmentation through inoculation with known petroleum-degrading consortia, and phytoremediation. The current study investigates the assemblage of soil microbial communities and pollutant-degrading potential in soil undergoing the Ecopiling process, through the amplicon marker gene and metagenomics analysis of the contaminated soil. The analysis of key community members including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes revealed a surprisingly diverse microbial community composition within the contaminated soil. The soil bacterial community was found to be dominated by Alphaproteobacteria (60–70%) with the most abundant genera such as Lysobacter, Dietzia, Pseudomonas, and Extensimonas. The fungal community consisted mainly of Ascomycota (50–70% relative abundance). Soil sequencing data allowed the identification of key enzymes involved in the biodegradation of hydrocarbons, providing a novel window into the function of individual bacterial groups in the Ecopile. Although the genus Lysobacter was identified as the most abundant bacterial genus (11–46%) in all of the contaminated soil samples, the metagenomic data were unable to confirm a role for this group in petrochemical degradation. Conversely, genera with relatively low abundance such as Dietzia (0.4–9.0%), Pusillimonas (0.7–2.3%), and Bradyrhizobium (0.8–1.8%) did possess genes involved in aliphatic or aromatic compound degradation.

This paper discusses radiative and thermodynamic properties of cold rarefied aggregates of non-uniformly distributed gas and dust through which high fluxes of positrons with energies of 0.011-3.6 MeV pass. The investigated gas is in the form of a nebula with densities of 1-108 cm-3 and temperatures ranging from 30-100 K. We estimated the energy input into thermodynamic temperatures of the ejecta components. Additional heating and γ-ray luminosity of all the components of the examined ejecta were factored in. The structure of the radiation field S(E,r) and electron velocity distribution function F(E,r) were determined depending on the energies of quanta and electrons, respectively. The ejecta of SN 1987A was considered as an ideal object to investigate the positron impact on the nebula. The interaction of positrons with solids, atoms and molecules was examined separately. Traveling of positrons in solids typically results in their enhanced amorphous state, heating and annihilation with free electrons of solid-state grains with emission of two photons each of the energy . Consequently, a characteristic excessive luminescence of particles, namely astronomical silicates and graphite, occurs. In fact, the energy loss of fast positrons due to ionisation leads to consecutive creation of K-L-M vacancies, which is followed by cascade transitions with the transfer of the remaining energy to the Auger electrons rather than to surrounding atoms which make up a solid. In this case, in a solid particle, the energy released in cascade transitions is either used to change the lattice structure or converted into γ-quanta emission upon the annihilation of positrons and K-L electrons. The estimated energy used to heat a solid particle itself makes up a half of the energy released in the downward M-L-K cascades, which is indicative of a significant contribution to the energy balance of the ejecta dust. This contribution exceeds the energy estimates from the net radiation loss of particles in the matter. In the nebular atomic-molecular plasma of the supernova ejecta, the conservation of energy dictates that the energy lost to create a K-vacancy is allocated to the subsequent cascade transitions and the Auger electrons while the one-photon annihilation of positrons and K-electrons of atoms and molecules yields characteristic γ-quanta with energies close to their own values - . The study of annihilation of positrons and K-electrons with emission of a single photon revealed a relationship between the energy of the emitted γ-quanta with the recoil energies of nuclei , binding energies of K-electrons of different atoms - and energies of incident positrons . The cross-sections for interactions of positrons and atoms in the investigated young supernova remnants were calculated and scaling of electron arrangements of the atoms involved in those interactions was performed. We pointed out that for the iron-peak atoms the cross-section for the positron-atom interaction increases by four orders of magnitude, thus making the interaction between positrons and electrons in the K-L shells the most probable. It is shown that in astrophysics the positron annihilation spectroscopy of matter yielding a characteristic radiative response has opened up new opportunities for studying young supernova remnants and active galactic nuclei. In particular, it is now possible to independently determine the mass ratio of dust and gas-molecular components by the strength ratio of annihilation γ-lines I (0.511)/I (1.022). We report the estimated contribution of various elements to the profiles of the indicated γ-lines and conclude that it is not related to the proper dynamic motions of the supernova remnants. This is a crucial factor in the study of bulges in active galactic nuclei wherein the physical conditions are assumed to be steady-state in relatively large scales.

The light emission (“glow”) of cold dusty plasma of the remnant of SN 1987A was confirmed by the Hubble Space Telescope observations on 7th January, 1995. In particular, Ca I and Ca II lines were recorded and identified in the spectrum of the supernova’s envelope. The period of complete hydrogen recombination in the remnant is 800 days. Thus, it is only radioactive decay that could be a primary source of the plasma light emission at the moment of observation. This paper describes the conditions of shock excitation and recombination of 4420Ca resulted from the decay of radioactive 4422Ti travelling in the remnant’s cold dust. The overionisation in the remnant resulted from the motion of the 4420Ca recoil nucleus, as well as its impact on the spectrum formation, was studied. It has been shown that the calcium lines are formed by the 4420Ca II ion in the inner layers of the remnant. We have reached the conclusion that the Ca I/Ca II line strength ratio corresponds to the isotopic abundance ratio [4420Ca] /[4420Ca] in Type II supernova remnants.

The investigation of SN1987A remnant is complicated due to absence of the source of ionizing radiation, which should excite the remnant’s atoms and molecule. X-ray radiation from the shock wave front and, in accordance with recent observations, the intensity of X-rays significantly decreased during the last year made the backlighting of remnant. At the same time the intensity of molecular lines emission, localized near the front, abruptly increased. The remnant itself can be detected at the longer wavelength due to IR emission of dust component. One of the outburst’s results was the synthesis of radioactive isotope 4422Ti Its decay time is 85 years, the total mass of synthesized atoms is near the mass of Jupiter. The thermochemical analysis shows that during the last two years the remnant creates a set of diatomic molecules, which will be not a subject of thermal dissociation later. One of these molecules is the radioactive titanium oxide 4422Ti168O. We investigate the properties of diatomic molecules 4422Ti168O and 4421Sc168O before and after the radioactive decays of 4422Ti and 4421Sc. For oxides 4422Ti168O and 4421Sc168O the spectroscopic constants were calculated using the isotopic shifts with respect to well known 4422Ti168O and 4421Sc168O molecules. The isotope 4422Ti captures the electron from internal level. The result is the synthesis of new molecule 4421Sc168O. 4421Sc decays after 6 hours and creates the stable isotope 4420Ca, hard X-ray and γ -quanta and positron (e+). Additional result is the dissociation of molecule and the synthesis of stable neutral isotope 4420Ca after the sequence of decays 4422Ti → 4421Sc → 4420Ca. We found the energetic properties of transient molecules 4422Ti168O and 4421Sc168O. We first estimated the probabilities of radioactive transitions in the molecule 4422Ti168O during its transition to 4421Sc168O. We calculated the molecular transitions which allow to point the electronic, vibrational and rotational transitions during the decay 4422Ti → 4421Sc. The obtained results permit us to predict the new spectral lines and bands detection in the spectrum of SN1987A remnant. It will be emitted by transient molecules and can be identified in future observations.

The paper discusses the theoretical basis for the classification of interpersonal relations. An attempt at classifying interpersonal relations basing on a systematic approach is made. Under the principle of the system description, the suggested semantic structure of interpersonal relations is represented by the following areas: perception of themselves and others, psychological perception of time, perception of the relations with the groups as a reflection of affiliative needs, perception and evaluation of communicative style. Each sphere can be coloured emotionally either positively or negatively, so the ratio of the four basic parameters and two functional states can assume the existence of sixteen types of interpersonal relations. The results of the first empirical phase of the study revealed that all sixteen of the expected types do exist. In addition, the main achievement of this phase of the study is that the assumption of the possibility of a typology of interpersonal relations through the semantic structure is confirmed.

The paper analyzes the phenomenon of interpersonal relations in the context of actual problems of multicultural education. The main purpose of the theoretical research to identify specific manifestations of interpersonal relations in the educational activity. Interpersonal relations in the activities of educational institutions are discussed in the following main forms: relations as a result of the educational activities, relations as a means of training and education, relations between the subjects of the educational process, relations as a factor of educational institutions environment. Phenomenological interpersonal relations are manifested in two basic parameters: empathy and dialogical. The main goals of multicultural education can be achieved through the development and optimization of interpersonal relations of subjects of educational process.

Introduction. The analysis Results of surgical treatment of growing children with infantile and juvenile scoliosis (IS) can the optimal method of treatment select. In young children with significant growth potential spinal fusion may not be the best option as it limits further longitudinal growth of the spine and may to the thoracic insufficiency syndrome result. To address this problem recently several techniques focused, their have advantages and drawbacks.Material and methods. Since 2008 year 127 patients (64 girls, 63 boys) aged (4.5 ± 2.1) years were operated on. In group I 65 patients were operated on using VEPTR (Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib) instrumentation, in group II 42 patients using various spinal instrumentation. 20 patients with congenital kyphosis were excluded. The average follow-up time was (5.6 ± 1.1) years.Results. In group I average value of the primary scoliotic curve before surgery was (74.7 ± 22.9), secondary curve (42.8 ± 16.0), thoracic kyphosis (46.3 ± 27.4), lumbar lordosis (54.6 ± 14). Average value of the primary scoliotic curve after surgery was reduced to (51 ± 20) (correction 31.7%), at followup to (56.5 ± 18.5), secondary curve (31.8 ± 12.8) (25.7%), at follow-up to (32.4 ± 18.4), thoracic kyphosis (36.8 ± 20.8) (20,5%), at follow-up to (41.8 ± 21.0), lumbar lordosis (45.4 ± 12.7) (16,9%), at follow-up to (48.2 ± 11.7) (p < 0.05). Space available for lung before surgery was (84.5 ± 8.7) %, after surgery was (94.8 ± 6.7)%, at follow-up increased to (98.6 ± 5.4) % (p < 0.05). Complications included 11 implant dislocations and 1 infection. In group II average value of the primary scoliotic curve before surgery was (87.6 ± 6.6), secondary curve (47.8 ± 4.6), thoracic kyphosis (61.4 ± 10.4), lumbar lordosis (61.8 ± 4.9). Average value of the primary scoliotic curve after surgery was reduced to 50.6 ± 5.3 (correction 42.3%), at follow-up to (66.1 ± 6.3), secondary curve (24.1 ± 2.9) (49.6%), at follow-up to (37 ± 5.4), thoracic kyphosis (38.8 ± 7.7) (36.8%), at follow-up to (59.4 ± 11.2), lumbar lordosis (47.5 ± 4.1) (23.2%), at follow-up to (64.5 ± 4.5) (p < 0.05). Complications included 23 implant dislocations and 1 infection. No neurological complications.Conclusion. Stage correction fusions using various instrumentation is a method of choice for controlled correction of growing children with IS.

Using the literature data on secular period changes reported for the small-amplitude Cepheids (s-Cepheids) it is shown that these stars are not crossing the instability strip for the first time. After correction of the observed pulsational chracteristics of s-Cepheids, in the diagram "log ( dP / P)100- log P" they become indistinguishable from usual classic Cepheids, which are supposed to have already crossed the instability strip more than (or at least) once.

The experiment investigated the effect of maternal dietary supplementation of seaweed-derived polysaccharides (SDP) (–SDP v. +SDP, n 20) from day 83 of gestation until weaning (day 28) on selected sow faeces and piglet digesta microbiota populations, piglet small-intestinal morphology, and intestinal nutrient transporter and inflammatory cytokine gene expression at birth, 48 h after birth and weaning. The effect of maternal dietary treatment on the piglet gene expression profile of inflammatory cytokines in the colon following a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge was also investigated. Dietary SDP reduced sow faecal Enterobacteriaceae gene numbers at parturition. Small-intestinal morphology, nutrient transporter and cytokine gene expression in newborn piglets did not differ between maternal dietary treatments (P > 0·10). At 48 h after birth, sodium–glucose-linked transporter 1 gene expression was down-regulated in the ileum of piglets suckling the SDP-supplemented sows compared with those suckling the basal sows (P = 0·050). There was a SDP × LPS challenge interaction on IL-1 and IL-6 gene expression in the colon of piglets (P