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3. Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviors Attitude and Intention and Their Impact on Physical Activity among College Students Enrolled in Lifetime Fitness Courses

Author

Amy D. Linder, Arthur Harper, Jung, Jinhong, and Woodson-Smith, Andrea

Abstract

Despite the ethnicity of an individual college student, a majority of college students do not partake in the recommended amount of exercise according to the American College Health Association (2013). Therefore, both the obesity and overweight rates with college students were reported as 29% in 2000 and 32.5% in 2009 (ACHA, 2010). The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to examine whether Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) determinants explains physical activity among college students in North Carolina universities. 100 university students who enrolled in lifetime fitness classes from two institutions were asked to participate in completing an online Leisure-Time questionnaire for a period of two weeks. Partial correlations were used to determine relationships between the TPB determinants of attitude, subjective norm, descriptive norm, perceived behavior control, intention, and physical activity among the college students. The primary results from the partial correlation analysis revealed that the intention and attitude determinants had the largest significant impact on whether the university students engaged in exercise. Future studies should focus on investigating whether the intention and attitude determinants have substantial influence on physical activity on college students in the regions of the United States with high obesity rates, i.e., Mississippi and Alabama.

Published
2017

4. Quality of life measurement in rosacea. Position statement of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Forces on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes and Acne, Rosacea and Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Author

P. V. Chernyshov, A. Y. Finlay, L. Tomas‐Aragones, M. Steinhoff, L. Manolache, N. Pustisek, C. Dessinioti, A. Svensson, S. E. Marron, A. Bewley, C. Salavastru, B. Dréno, A. Suru, D. Koumaki, D. Linder, A. W. M. Evers, D. Abeni, M. Augustin, S. S. Salek, A. Nassif, V. Bettoli, J. С. Szepietowski, C. C. Zouboulis, Université de Kiev, Cardiff University, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Weill Cornell Medicine [Qatar], Qatar University, Weill Cornell Medicine [Cornell University], Cornell University [New York], Dali Medical, Partenaires INRAE, Children’s Hospital Srebrnjak [Zagreb, Croatia], University of Athens Medical School [Athens], Skane University Hospital [Malmo], Lund University [Lund], Royo Villanova Hospital, Whipps Cross University Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila' Bucharest (UMPCD), Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy (INCIT), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Medical University of Graz, Universiteit Leiden, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Wrocław Medical University, and Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane / Brandenburg Medical School Theodor-Fontane (MHB Theodor Fontane)

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Dermatology
Abstract

The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Forces (TFs) on Quality of Life (QoL) and Patient-Oriented Outcomes and Acne, Rosacea and Hidradenitis Suppurativa (ARHS) do not recommend the use of any generic instrument as a single method of Health Related (HR) QoL assessment in rosacea, except when comparing quimp (quality of life impairment) in rosacea patients with that in other non-dermatologic skin diseases and/or healthy controls. The EADV TFs on QoL and Patient-Oriented Outcomes and ARHS recommend the use of the dermatology-specific HRQoL instrument the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the rosacea-specific HRQoL instrument RosaQoL in rosacea patients. The DLQI minimal clinically important difference may be used as a marker of clinical efficacy of the treatment and DLQI score banding of 0 or 1 corresponding to no effect on patients' HRQoL could be an important treatment goal. This information may be added to consensuses and guidelines for rosacea.

Published
2023

6. The Solar Orbiter EUI instrument: The Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (Corrigendum)

Author

P. Rochus, F. Auchère, D. Berghmans, L. Harra, W. Schmutz, U. Schühle, P. Addison, T. Appourchaux, R. Aznar Cuadrado, D. Baker, J. Barbay, D. Bates, A. BenMoussa, M. Bergmann, C. Beurthe, B. Borgo, K. Bonte, M. Bouzit, L. Bradley, V. Büchel, E. Buchlin, J. Büchner, F. Cabé, L. Cadiergues, M. Chaigneau, B. Chares, C. Choque Cortez, P. Coker, M. Condamin, S. Coumar, W. Curdt, J. Cutler, D. Davies, G. Davison, J.-M. Defise, G. Del Zanna, F. Delmotte, V. Delouille, L. Dolla, C. Dumesnil, F. Dürig, R. Enge, S. François, J.-J. Fourmond, J.-M. Gillis, B. Giordanengo, S. Gissot, L. M. Green, N. Guerreiro, A. Guilbaud, M. Gyo, M. Haberreiter, A. Hafiz, M. Hailey, J.-P. Halain, J. Hansotte, C. Hecquet, K. Heerlein, M.-L. Hellin, S. Hemsley, A. Hermans, V. Hervier, J.-F. Hochedez, Y. Houbrechts, K. Ihsan, L. Jacques, A. Jérôme, J. Jones, M. Kahle, T. Kennedy, M. Klaproth, M. Kolleck, S. Koller, E. Kotsialos, E. Kraaikamp, P. Langer, A. Lawrenson, J.-C. Le Clech’, C. Lenaerts, S. Liebecq, D. Linder, D. M. Long, B. Mampaey, D. Markiewicz-Innes, B. Marquet, E. Marsch, S. Matthews, E. Mazy, A. Mazzoli, S. Meining, E. Meltchakov, R. Mercier, S. Meyer, M. Monecke, F. Monfort, G. Morinaud, F. Moron, L. Mountney, R. Müller, B. Nicula, S. Parenti, H. Peter, D. Pfiffner, A. Philippon, I. Phillips, J.-Y. Plesseria, E. Pylyser, F. Rabecki, M.-F. Ravet-Krill, J. Rebellato, E. Renotte, L. Rodriguez, S. Roose, J. Rosin, L. Rossi, P. Roth, F. Rouesnel, M. Roulliay, A. Rousseau, K. Ruane, J. Scanlan, P. Schlatter, D. B. Seaton, K. Silliman, S. Smit, P. J. Smith, S. K. Solanki, M. Spescha, A. Spencer, K. Stegen, Y. Stockman, N. Szwec, C. Tamiatto, J. Tandy, L. Teriaca, C. Theobald, I. Tychon, L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, C. Verbeeck, J.-C. Vial, S. Werner, M. J. West, D. Westwood, T. Wiegelmann, G. Willis, B. Winter, A. Zerr, X. Zhang, and A. N. Zhukov

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2022

9. The Solar Orbiter EUI instrument: The Extreme Ultraviolet Imager

Author

J. Hansotte, R. Müller, M. Hailey, P. Schlatter, A. Lawrenson, M. Monecke, Hardi Peter, Julien Rosin, Koen Stegen, Jean-Claude Vial, S. Parenti, Ali BenMoussa, Etienne Renotte, N. Szwec, Marie-Laure Hellin, R. Enge, M. Haberreiter, A. Philippon, P. Coker, B. Giordanengo, L. Dolla, K. Heerlein, Werner Schmutz, Matthew J. West, K. Ruane, J.-F. Hochedez, M. Chaigneau, M. Kahle, Emmanuel Mazy, J. Scanlan, J. Tandy, J. Barbay, B. Chares, T. Appourchaux, Laurence Rossi, C. Dumesnil, E. Pylyser, R. Aznar Cuadrado, Louise K. Harra, S. Meyer, F. Cabé, Benoit Marquet, Evgueni Meltchakov, Andrei Zhukov, D. Westwood, Bogdan Nicula, G. Willis, M.-F. Ravet-Krill, B. Borgo, S. Hemsley, Isabelle Tychon, N. Guerreiro, D. Linder, R. Mercier, Sylvie Liébecq, Thomas Wiegelmann, Philip J. Smith, M. Gyo, L. Mountney, G. Davison, Frédéric Rabecki, Jean-Marie Gillis, P. Langer, P. Roth, Sami K. Solanki, Luciano Rodriguez, Jean-Philippe Halain, L. Cadiergues, P. Addison, V. Büchel, D. Markiewicz-Innes, X. Zhang, Daniel Pfiffner, M. Roulliay, Antoine Rousseau, Stéphane Roose, Udo Schühle, M. Spescha, Jean-Yves Plesseria, Lionel Jacques, J. C. Le Clec’h, Yvan Stockman, G. Del Zanna, T. Kennedy, C. Beurthe, B. Mampaey, Franck Delmotte, C. Theobald, C. Choque Cortez, S. Meining, S. François, David Long, M. Bergmann, F. Rouesnel, S. Koller, C. Tamiatto, M. Bouzit, David Berghmans, D. Bates, L. Bradley, E. Kotsialos, A. Hafiz, D. Davies, J. B. L. Jones, S. Smit, Véronique Delouille, Gilles Morinaud, Aline Hermans, S. Coumar, J. Rebellato, Yvette Houbrechts, Stephan Werner, Werner Curdt, J. Cutler, K. Bonte, Daniel B. Seaton, Jean-Marc Defise, F. Moron, M. Klaproth, Eric Buchlin, J.-J. Fourmond, I. Phillips, Jörg Büchner, Pierre Rochus, M. Kolleck, Christophe Hecquet, Sarah A. Matthews, L. van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lucie M. Green, Cis Verbeeck, S. Gissot, F. Dürig, M. Condamin, Cedric Lenaerts, F. Auchère, K. Ihsan, K. Silliman, A. Guilbaud, Luca Teriaca, E. Kraaikamp, F. Monfort, A. Jérôme, Andreas Zerr, E. Marsch, Berend Winter, D. N. Baker, Alexandra Mazzoli, A. Spencer, V. Hervier, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Spatial de Liège (CSL), Université de Liège, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels] (ROB), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Laboratoire Charles Fabry / Optique XUV, Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Faculty of mathematics Centre for Mathematical Sciences [Cambridge] (CMS), and University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field of view, Context (language use), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Orbiter, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Aerospace engineering, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Chromosphere, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, business.industry, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Ecliptic, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Corona, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Extreme ultraviolet, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Heliosphere
Abstract

Context.The Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) is part of the remote sensing instrument package of the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission that will explore the inner heliosphere and observe the Sun from vantage points close to the Sun and out of the ecliptic. Solar Orbiter will advance the “connection science” between solar activity and the heliosphere.Aims.With EUI we aim to improve our understanding of the structure and dynamics of the solar atmosphere, globally as well as at high resolution, and from high solar latitude perspectives.Methods.The EUI consists of three telescopes, the Full Sun Imager and two High Resolution Imagers, which are optimised to image in Lyman-αand EUV (17.4 nm, 30.4 nm) to provide a coverage from chromosphere up to corona. The EUI is designed to cope with the strong constraints imposed by the Solar Orbiter mission characteristics. Limited telemetry availability is compensated by state-of-the-art image compression, onboard image processing, and event selection. The imposed power limitations and potentially harsh radiation environment necessitate the use of novel CMOS sensors. As the unobstructed field of view of the telescopes needs to protrude through the spacecraft’s heat shield, the apertures have been kept as small as possible, without compromising optical performance. This led to a systematic effort to optimise the throughput of every optical element and the reduction of noise levels in the sensor.Results.In this paper we review the design of the two elements of the EUI instrument: the Optical Bench System and the Common Electronic Box. Particular attention is also given to the onboard software, the intended operations, the ground software, and the foreseen data products.Conclusions.The EUI will bring unique science opportunities thanks to its specific design, its viewpoint, and to the planned synergies with the other Solar Orbiter instruments. In particular, we highlight science opportunities brought by the out-of-ecliptic vantage point of the solar poles, the high-resolution imaging of the high chromosphere and corona, and the connection to the outer corona as observed by coronagraphs.

Published
2020

11. Körperdysmorphe Störung

Author

T Lahousen, T Gieler, Uwe Gieler, and D Linder

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Psychotherapist, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Dermatology, medicine.disease, Cosmetic dermatology, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Body dysmorphic disorder, Beauty, medicine, Anxiety, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, media_common
Abstract

People with a body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) suffer from excessive preoccupation and anxiety about an imagined or to others a negligible defect in their appearance. They cannot bear to look at themselves, feel ugly, are convinced that their nose, their physique and their skin are disfiguring. The more concerned they become about their appearance, the more their attention is drawn to the ostensible blemishes and reinforces the impression of their own unattractiveness. Those affected do not consider themselves to be ill, but are convinced that it is a real physical defect which forces them again and again to stand in front of the mirror. Such patients may consult a dermatologist, some even a plastic surgeon, in order to get closer to their ideal of beauty, which perforce remains unattainable for patients because of a distorted perception of their body.

Published
2017

12. Vitamin D in trichology: a comprehensive review of the role of vitamin D and its receptor in hair and scalp disorders

Author

Gloria Orlando, Anna Zampetti, Rosalynn R.Z. Conic, Giovanni Damiani, Manuela Piai, Michael D Linder, and Elena Marinello

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Dermatology, Calcitriol receptor, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Dermis, Internal medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, Medicine, Humans, Vitamin D, Receptor, integumentary system, Epidermis (botany), business.industry, Vitamins, Hair follicle, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Scalp Dermatoses, Receptors, Calcitriol, business, Keratinocyte, Hair Diseases, Homeostasis
Abstract

Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of various biological systems. Beside its well-known function in calcium and phosphate metabolism, it plays a major role in pathophysiology of skin and adnexa. Indeed, vitamin D, through its receptor (VDR), decreases keratinocyte proliferation, improves their differentiation and modulates both cutaneous innate (antimicrobial activity and antigen presentation) and adaptative immunity (T and B lymphocyte function). The maintenance of normal hair is dependant on the integrity of the dermis, epidermis and hair cycles. Beside its effect on epidermal differentiation, VDR plays a vital role in preserving the hair follicle integrity. While the relevance of VDR has been fully elucidated, the real value of vitamin D in the hair follicle cycle still remains uncertain. To date, results in literature remain contradicting and far from definitive; still, the role of vitamin D in the various forms of human alopecia is likely to be significant. The aim of this article is to review evidence about the role of vitamin D and its receptor in trichology, with a focus on scarring and non-scarring alopecia and in particular on the potential therapeutic use of Vitamin D for hair and scalp disorders.

Published
2019

13. Body modification in Germany: prevalence, gender differences and attitude towards cosmetic surgery

Author

Ada Borkenhagen, Uwe Gieler, Dirk Hofmeister, Michael D Linder, Elmar Brähler, Theresa Lahousen, Eva Maria Trapp, and Hans-Peter Kapfhammer

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Younger age, Adolescent, Population, MEDLINE, Dermatology, Cosmetic Techniques, Hair Removal, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Sex Factors, Sex factors, Germany, Surveys and Questionnaires, Prevalence, Medicine, Humans, Young adult, Body Piercing, education, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Tattooing, business.industry, Age Factors, Body modification, Middle Aged, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Surgery, Body hair, Female, business
Abstract

Background The most popular body modifications are tattoos and piercings and their prevalence has increased in recent years. The current study gathered statistics regarding tattoing, piercing and body-hair removal, differentiated by gender and attitude towards cosmetic surgery. Methods The study was based on 2512 individuals and was performed as a population-based survey with the assistance of a demographic consulting company. In addition to sociodemographic questions, specific issues concerning body modification were asked. Results Men get tattoos more frequently while women more often choose piercings and body hair removal. Women are catching up in the tattoo department and one can no longer observe age differentiations among the younger age groups. Instead there is a decrease in piercings among men. Body hair removal is widespread above all women. People with body modifications tend to be more open-minded about cosmetic surgery. Conclusions Tattoos and piercings continue to be the most popular body modification among young adults. The number engaged in tattooing is rising while piercings are still popular among women. Individuals being engaged in body modification are prone to consider cosmetic surgery procedures.

Published
2019

14. Attending to the National Soul : Evangelical Christians in Australian History, 1914-2014

Author

Robert D Linder, Stuart Piggin, Robert D Linder, and Stuart Piggin

Subjects
Evangelicalism--Australia--History
Abstract

In this major new contribution Stuart Piggin and Robert Linder tell the story of how Australian evangelical Christians responded to the decline of the British empire and to the expanding international reach of their religious mission and beliefs, of how these Christians reacted to the challenges of secularism, and of how they have sought to'attend to the national soul': sensitising the national conscience and helping to shape the national consciousness. The authors offer an extensive treatment of evangelical involvement in World Wars I and II and in the wars in Korea, Vietnam and Afghanistan. They consider Alan Walker and Billy Graham and the development of an energetic evangelism more calculated to address global fears and personal anxieties. And they show that by the beginning of the 21st century conservative, progressive and Pentecostal branches had each learned the necessity of bringing a prophetic ministry to bear on social issues. This ambitious study seeks to recognise the influence of'the public opening up of the word of Christ to the world','to tell the truth about his influence'on Australia's social and cultural history, and to show that evangelical Christianity continues to be as much a public ethic as a personal credo.

Published
2020

15. Attending to the National Soul: Evangelical Christians In Australian History, 1914-2014

Author

Stuart, Piggin, Robert, D Linder, Stuart, Piggin, and Robert, D Linder

Subjects
Evangelicalism--Australia--History
Abstract

Following on from The Fountain of Public Prosperity, the acclaimed historical account of Australian evangelical Christianity in the period preceding the First World War, in this major new contribution Stuart Piggin and Robert Linder tell the story of how Australian evangelical Christians responded to the decline of the British empire and to the expanding international reach of their religious mission and beliefs, of how these Christians reacted to the challenges of secularism, and of how they have sought to ‘attend to the national soul': sensitising the national conscience and helping to shape the national consciousness. The authors offer an extensive treatment of evangelical involvement in the First and Second World Wars, and in the wars in Korea, Vietnam and Afghanistan. They consider Alan Walker and Billy Graham and the development of an energetic evangelism more calculated to address global fears and personal anxieties. And they show that although, by the beginning of the twenty-first century, the movement had trifurcated into conservative, progressive and Pentecostal branches, each had learned the necessity of bringing a prophetic ministry to bear on social issues in order to achieve greater engagement with the wider society. This ambitious study seeks to recognise the influence of ‘the public opening up of the word of Christ to the world', ‘to tell the truth about his influence'on Australia's social and cultural history, and to show that, in spite of secularism's success in marginalising faith, evangelical Christianity continues to be as much a public ethic as a personal credo. ‘There has probably never been a better history of evangelical traditions in a single country.'— Mark Noll, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences ‘Stuart Piggin and Robert D. Linder discuss the impact of this vibrant interdenominational movement on Australia with clarity, authority and critical sympathy.'— David Bebbington, Professor of History, University of Stirling ‘A great achievement and one that will help over time to change the way Australian history is written.'— Wayne Hudson, Professor in Australian Studies, Australian National University

Published
2020

16. Management of Patients With Pancreatic Cysts

Author

Nidhi Malhotra, Marc F. Catalano, Thomas E. Kowalski, Howard Mertz, Mark J. Lybik, Michael Golioto, Mohammad A. Al-Haddad, Nadim Haddad, Jeffrey D. Linder, Damien Mallat, Laura Rosenkranz, Sandeep Patel, Emuejevoke Okoh, Michael Karasik, Ali A. Siddiqui, David E. Loren, and Brett Sadowski

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Molecular pathology, business.industry, False Negative Reactions, Gastroenterology, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Retrospective cohort study, Malignancy, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Predictive value of tests, Cohort, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Radiology, Pancreatic cysts, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Goals: To examine the utility of integrated molecular pathology (IMP) in managing surveillance of pancreatic cysts based on outcomes and analysis of false negatives (FNs) from a previously published cohort (n=492).

Published
2016

18. 1541 Colorectal Lymphoma: A Wolf in Sheep's Clothing

Author

Jason J. John, Jeffrey D. Linder, and Elizabeth S. John

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal Lymphoma, Hepatology, business.industry, Internal medicine, Gastroenterology, medicine, business, Clothing
Published
2019

20. Integrated molecular pathology accurately determines the malignant potential of pancreatic cysts

Author

Thomas E. Kowalski, Nadim Haddad, Sandeep Patel, Jeffrey D. Linder, Mark J. Lybik, Brett Sadowski, Emuejevoke Okoh, Damien Mallat, Howard Mertz, Michael Karasik, Marc F. Catalano, Ali A. Siddiqui, Laura Rosenkranz, Mohammad A. Al-Haddad, Nidhi Malhotra, and Michael Golioto

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adenocarcinoma, Malignancy, Risk Assessment, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Humans, Medical diagnosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Likelihood Functions, Proportional hazards model, Molecular pathology, business.industry, Cyst Fluid, Hazard ratio, Gastroenterology, Guideline, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Female, Radiology, Pancreatic Cyst, Pancreatic cysts, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Current diagnostic testing is inadequate to determine the malignant potential of pancreatic cysts, resulting in overcautious patient management. Integrated molecular pathology (IMP) testing combines molecular analysis with first-line test results (cytology, imaging, and fluid chemistry) to assess the malignant potential of pancreatic cysts. This multicenter study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of IMP for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and the utility of IMP testing under current guideline recommendations for managing pancreatic cysts.Patients who had undergone previous IMP testing as prescribed by their physician and for whom clinical outcomes were available from retrospective record review were included (n = 492). Performance was determined by correlation between clinical outcome and previous IMP diagnosis ("benign"/"statistically indolent" vs. "statistically higher risk [SHR]"/ "aggressive") or an International Consensus Guideline (Sendai 2012) criteria model for "surveillance" vs. "surgery." The Cox proportional hazards model determined hazard ratios for malignancy.Benign and statistically indolent IMP diagnoses had a 97 % probability of benign follow-up for up to 7 years and 8 months from initial IMP testing. SHR and aggressive diagnoses had relative hazard ratios for malignancy of 30.8 and 76.3, respectively (both P 0.0001). Sendai surveillance criteria had a 97 % probability of benign follow-up for up to 7 years and 8 months, but for surgical criteria the hazard ratio was only 9.0 (P 0.0001). In patients who met Sendai surgical criteria, benign and statistically indolent IMP diagnoses had a 93 % probability of benign follow-up, with relative hazard ratios for SHR and aggressive IMP diagnoses of 16.1 and 50.2, respectively (both P 0.0001).IMP more accurately determined the malignant potential of pancreatic cysts than a Sendai 2012 guideline management criteria model. IMP may improve patient management by justifying more relaxed observation in patients meeting Sendai surveillance criteria. IMP can more accurately differentiate between the need for surveillance or surgery in patients meeting Sendai surgical criteria.

Published
2014

21. Feasibility of Pancreaticoduodenectomy in a Nonuniversity Tertiary Care Center: What Are the Key Elements of Success?

Author

D. Rohan Jeyarajah, Jeffrey D. Linder, A. Joe Saad, Amit S. Khithani, Kevin Lowe, P. R. Tarnasky, and Derick Christian

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, General surgery, Medicine, Center (algebra and category theory), General Medicine, Favorable outcome, business, Intensive care medicine, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Tertiary care
Abstract

It is advocated that a favorable outcome for pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is related to a high volume at university centers. This article examines the specific elements that allow an equivalent outcome from PD in a nonuniversity tertiary care center (NUTCC). The study was performed to: 1) evaluate the outcome of PDs done at a NUTCC; 2) study the components of the process that are required to attain success in a NUTCC; and 3) provide a new look at the volume-outcome relationships in complex surgeries in a novel nonuniversity setting. Medical records of patients who underwent PD by a single surgeon between September 2005 and August 2008 at a high-volume NUTCC were analyzed. The records were reviewed with respect to preoperative and postoperative data, 30-day mortality, morbidity, and histopathology data. A total of 122 patients underwent PD. The mean age was 68.2 years. Jaundice was the most common presenting symptom in 57 per cent (69 patients). Thirty-nine patients (32%) underwent a pylorus-preserving PD. The mean operative time was 237 minutes. The mean estimated blood loss was 480 mL. The mean length hospital stay was 13 days. Thirty-day mortality was 3.2 per cent (four patients) and overall morbidity was 49 per cent. The key factors in developing a team dedicated to the care of the patient undergoing PD are discussed. A center of excellence can be developed in a NUTCC resulting in outcomes that meet and indeed may exceed nationally reported benchmarks. The key elements to success include a team approach to the patient undergoing PD.

Published
2011

22. In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation and Translation to the Clinical Outcome for CJ-13,610, a Novel Inhibitor of 5-Lipoxygenase

Author

Roger J. Melton, Collette D. Linder, J. Matthew Hutzler, J. Scott Daniels, and John Vincent

Subjects
Male, Metabolite, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Pharmaceutical Science, In Vitro Techniques, Sulfides, Pharmacology, Models, Biological, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dogs, Pharmacokinetics, In vivo, Animals, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors, Humans, Drug Interactions, Lipoxygenase Inhibitors, Enzyme Inhibitors, biology, CYP3A4, Imidazoles, Cytochrome P450, In vitro, Genetic translation, Rats, Kinetics, chemistry, Microsomes, Liver, biology.protein, Microsome
Abstract

The metabolism of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, 4-(3-(4-(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenylthio)phenyl)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamide (CJ-13,610), was investigated in liver microsomes from human and preclinical species in an effort to compare metabolite profiles and evaluate the in vitro-in vivo correlation for metabolic clearance. Overall, the metabolite profile of CJ-13,610 was comparable across the species tested with multiple oxidative metabolites observed, including sulfoxidation. The sulfoxidation kinetics characterized in rat, dog, and human liver microsomes (HLM) indicated a low apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m, app)) of 4 to 5 microM. Results from cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450 (P450) studies indicated that the metabolism in HLM was primarily mediated by CYP3A4 and 3A5. A subsequent in vitro study using ketoconazole as an inhibitor of CJ-13,610 sulfoxidation corroborated the CYP3A4/5-mediated pathway (IC(50) = 7 nM). Assessment of multiple methods for predicting the human pharmacokinetic profile observed with CJ-13,610 after a 30-mg single oral dose indicated that clearance scaled from human liver microsomes yielded a better prediction when coupled with a Vd(ss) term that was scaled from dog [area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and half-life within 1.3-fold of actual] versus a Vd(ss) term obtained from rat. Single-species allometric scaling of clearance and Vd(ss) from dog pharmacokinetic studies was equally predictive, whereas scaling from rat resulted in underpredictions of both AUC and maximal concentration (C(max)). Results from these studies support the strategy of predicting human pharmacokinetics using human liver microsomal intrinsic clearance data. More importantly, results from the present investigation enabled the selection of alternative drug candidates from the chemical series via in vitro screening, while subsequently eliminating costly routine preclinical in vivo studies.

Published
2010

23. Multiple flesh-colored asymptomatic plaques on the trunk: a case of primary anetodermain a young adolescent

Author

E. Marinello, D. Linder, S. Piaserico, R. Salmaso, and G. Biolo

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Flesh, Primary anetoderma, Dermatology, Asymptomatic, Trunk, Young adolescents, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, medicine.symptom, business
Published
2018

24. Comparators, study duration, outcome measures and sponsorship in therapeutic trials of psoriasis: update of the EDEN Psoriasis Survey 2001-2006

Author

A. Maccagni, D. Zenoni, Thomas L. Diepgen, J.N. Bouwes Bavinck, P. J. Coenraads, Luigi Naldi, Åke Svensson, Jean-Jacques Grob, Peter Elsner, Hywel C Williams, and D. Linder

Subjects
Research design, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, MEDLINE, Dermatology, medicine.disease, Surgery, law.invention, Clinical trial, Randomized controlled trial, Quality of life, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, law, Psoriasis, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, Medicine, business
Abstract

Background Several new therapeutic options for psoriasis have been tested in clinical trials in recent years. Choice of comparator, study duration and outcome measures are critical for interpreting application of trial results to clinical practice. Objectives We examined whether these trial aspects have changed substantially in recent years in comparison with the past. Methods A systematic search and evaluation of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for psoriasis published from January 2001 up to December 2006 in 14 leading medical and dermatological journals, compared with those published from 1977 to 2000. Results There were 140 RCTs of psoriasis in the period 2001-2006 and 249 in the period 1977-2000. The proportion of placebo-controlled studies increased from 44.6% to 69.3%. The median study duration increased from 7 weeks to 12 weeks. The proportion of studies adopting the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score as an outcome increased from 30.6% to 57.7%, while the number of studies incorporating a quality of life measure increased from only one (0.4%) to 12 studies (7.7%). The proportion of studies sponsored by pharmaceutical companies increased from 61.0% to 73.7%. Conclusions Despite the increased number of new options, the number of head-to-head comparative trials has decreased and most trials focus on short-term effects, probably reflecting the increased influence of industrial sponsorship on the research agenda.

Published
2009

25. Rab8 regulates ABCA1 cell surface expression and facilitates cholesterol efflux in primary human macrophages

Author

Johan Peränen, Matts D. Linder, Taija E. Pietilä, Mikko I. Mäyränpää, Vilja Pietiäinen, Vesa M. Olkkonen, Elina Ikonen, Riikka-Liisa Uronen, and Petri T. Kovanen

Subjects
Endosome, Transferrin receptor, Coronary Artery Disease, Endosomes, Biology, Transfection, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, polycyclic compounds, Humans, Macrophage, RNA, Small Interfering, Cells, Cultured, 030304 developmental biology, Foam cell, 0303 health sciences, Apolipoprotein A-I, Cholesterol, Cell Membrane, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Biological Transport, Cell biology, Protein Transport, ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1, chemistry, Biochemistry, rab GTP-Binding Proteins, ABCA1, biology.protein, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, RNA Interference, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Foam Cells
Abstract

Objective—ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is thought to lipidate apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) at the plasma membrane, with endosomal cholesterol contributing as substrate. The mechanisms of ABCA1 surface delivery are not well understood. We have shown that Rab8 regulates endosomal cholesterol removal to apoA-I in human fibroblasts. Here, we investigated whether Rab8 plays a role in ABCA1 plasma membrane expression and cholesterol removal in primary human macrophages.Methods and Results—We found that Rab8 was abundantly expressed in human atherosclerotic lesional macrophages and upregulated on lipid loading of macrophages in vitro. Adenoviral overexpression of Rab8 increased ABCA1 protein levels and reduced cholesterol deposition in macrophage foam cells incubated with apoA-I. Depletion of Rab8 decreased the fraction of ABCA1 at the plasma membrane and inhibited the efflux of lipoprotein-derived endosomal cholesterol to apoA-I. In Rab8-depleted cells, ABCA1-GFP localized in β1 integrin and transferrin receptor containing recycling organelles.Conclusion—Rab8 reduces foam cell formation by facilitating ABCA1 surface expression and stimulating endosomal cholesterol efflux to apoA-I in primary human macrophages.

Published
2009
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26. Commitment, confirmation, and clearance: new techniques for nonradiation ERCP during pregnancy (with videos)

Author

Paul R. Tarnasky, Jeffrey D. Linder, Joseph H. Shelton, and Manuel E. Rivera-Alsina

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, digestive system, Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Effective treatment, Fluoroscopy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Retrospective Studies, Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Surgery, Endoscopy, Pregnancy Complications, Choledocholithiasis, surgical procedures, operative, Gestation, Pancreatitis, Female, Stents, Peroral choledochoscopy, business
Abstract

Background Symptomatic choledocholithiasis during pregnancy can be treated with ERCP, but fluoroscopy may pose a risk to the fetus. Nonradiation ERCP may be a safer form of treatment, but its performance has not been optimized. Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate new methods of nonradiation ERCP during pregnancy, including wire-guided cannulation techniques to achieve bile-duct access without the use of fluoroscopy, and the use of peroral choledochoscopy to confirm ductal clearance. Study Design A retrospective review of consecutive ERCPs performed on pregnant women. Setting Urban referral hospital. Patients Pregnant women with symptomatic choledocholithiasis. Interventions All patients underwent therapeutic ERCP without any use of fluoroscopy. Endoscopist-controlled wire-guided cannulation was performed to achieve biliary access. Main Outcome Measurements The rate of successful biliary cannulation and short-term outcomes. Limitations ERCP procedures were performed by a single endoscopist. Results Successful bile-duct cannulation with sphincterotomy and the removal of biliary stones or sludge was performed without fluoroscopy in 21 pregnant women. There was one case of mild post-ERCP pancreatitis. Choledochoscopy confirmed ductal clearance in 5 cases. Conclusions Nonradiation ERCP is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic choledocholithiasis during pregnancy. Wire-guided biliary cannulation and choledochoscopy may enhance the performance of ERCP in this setting.

Published
2008

27. Rab8-dependent Recycling Promotes Endosomal Cholesterol Removal in Normal and Sphingolipidosis Cells

Author

Peter van der Sluijs, Johan Peränen, Matts D. Linder, Maarit Hölttä-Vuori, Elina Ikonen, and Riikka-Liisa Uronen

Subjects
Endosome, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Endocytic cycle, Gene Expression, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Endosomes, Cell Line, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animals, Humans, Liver X receptor, Molecular Biology, Liver X Receptors, 030304 developmental biology, Niemann-Pick Diseases, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Sphingolipids, 0303 health sciences, Apolipoprotein A-I, biology, rab4 GTP-Binding Proteins, Cholesterol, Endoplasmic reticulum, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Membrane Proteins, rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins, Biological Transport, Articles, Cell Biology, Fibroblasts, Orphan Nuclear Receptors, Sphingolipid, Up-Regulation, Cell biology, DNA-Binding Proteins, Biochemistry, chemistry, rab GTP-Binding Proteins, ABCA1, biology.protein, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Lipoprotein
Abstract

The mechanisms by which low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol exits the endocytic circuits are not well understood. The process is defective in Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) disease in which cholesterol and sphingolipids accumulate in late endosomal compartments. This is accompanied by defective cholesterol esterification in the endoplasmic reticulum and impaired ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)-dependent cholesterol efflux. We show here that overexpression of the recycling/exocytic Rab GTPase Rab8 rescued the late endosomal cholesterol deposition and sphingolipid mistrafficking in NPC fibroblasts. Rab8 redistributed cholesterol from late endosomes to the cell periphery and stimulated cholesterol efflux to the ABCA1-ligand apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) without increasing cholesterol esterification. Depletion of Rab8 from wild-type fibroblasts resulted in cholesterol deposition within late endosomal compartments. This cholesterol accumulation was accompanied by impaired clearance of LDL-cholesterol from endocytic circuits to apoA-I and could not be bypassed by liver X receptor activation. Our findings establish Rab8 as a key component of the regulatory machinery that leads to ABCA1-dependent removal of cholesterol from endocytic circuits.

Published
2007

29. European Hair Research Society 12th Annual Meeting

Author

Azizeh Afkham-Ebrahimi, M. Carmen González-Vela, Tadashi Terui, Wen-Jun Liao, Tian-Wen Gao, Hachiro Tagami, Emilio Rodrigo, J.N. Bouwes Bavinck, Ramon M. Pujol, E. Dupont, Lisette Stucki, M. Andrien, M. Borner, P. Elsner, Ana Ferrer, M. Hidajat, Ping-Shen Fan, T. Hunziker, Meng Fu, Bernard Cribier, Shigaku Ikeda, U. Buettiker, Razieh Soltani-Arabshahi, Nanny van Geel, P.J. Coenraads, D. Linder, Martin Leverkus, Jean Naeyaert, Christian Deligant, Pietro Dri, T. Diepgen, Marcos A. González-López, G.G. Tscharner, Ryuhei Okuyama, Audrey Mitschler, M. Keller, C. Marques Da Costa, Fernando Gallardo, M. Song, Veronica Baena, W.J. Pichler, J. Fernando Val-Bernal, J.J. Stene, Edouard Grosshans, Dan Lipsker, Setsuya Aiba, Marta Ferran, Axel Trautmann, Héctor Fernández-Llaca, Luigi Naldi, Yu-Feng Liu, Lourdes Florensa, H.C. Williams, Chris Vervaet, L.R. Braathen, Å. Svensson, M. van der Cruys, J.J. Grob, S. Bühler, Katia Ongenae, Najmossadat Atefi, Anja Gesierich, S.M. Langan, Yukikazu Numata, Leigh Martin, Vincent Piguet, Yves Vander Haeghen, Christian Rose, Eva-Bettina Bröcker, Nikhil Yawalkar, Shu Sasai, Manuel A. Arias-Rodríguez, L. Naldi, and Roberto Manfrini

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Family medicine, medicine, Dermatology, business
Published
2006

31. LOFT: the Large Observatory For X-ray Timing

Author

M. Feroci, JW den Herder, JW Bozzo, E. Barret, D. Brandt, S. Hernanz, M. van der Klis, M. Pohl, M. Santangelo, A. Stella, L. Watts, A. Wilms, J. Zane, S. Ahangarianabhari, M. Alpar, A. Altamirano, D. Alvarez, L. Amati, L. Amoros, C. Andersson, N. Antonelli, A. Argan, A. Artigue R, Azzarello P, Balman, S. Barbera, M. Belloni, T. Bertuccio, G. Bianchi, S. Bianchini, A. Bodin, P. Bidaud, JMB Boutloukos, S. Braga, J. Brown, E. Bucciantini, N. Burderi, L. Bursa, M. Budtz Jorgensen, C. Cackett, E. Cadoux, FR Cais, P. Caliandro, GA Campana, R. Campana, S. Casella, P. Chakrabarty, D. Chenevez, J. Coker, J. Cole, R. Collura, A. Courvoisier, T. Cros, A. Cumming, A. Cusumano, G. D'Ai, A. D'Elia, V. Del Monte, E. De Martino, D. De Rosa, A. Di Cosimo, S. Diebold, S. Di Salvo, T. Donnarumma, I. Drago, A. Durant, M. Emmanoulopoulos, D. Evangelista, Y. Fabian, A. Falanga, M. Favre, Y. Feldman, C. Ferrigno, C. Finger, MH Fraser, GW Fuschino, F. Galloway, DK Sanchez, JLG Garcia Berro, E. Gendre, B. Gezari, S. Giles, AB Gilfanov, M. Giommi, P. Giovannini, G. Giroletti, M. Goldwurm, A. Gotz, D. Gouiffes, C. Grassi, M. Groot, P. Guidorzi, C. Haas, D. Hansen, F. Hartmann, DH Haswell, CA Heger, A. Homan, J. Hornstrup, A. Hudec, R. Huovelin, J. Ingram, A. in't Zand, JJM Isern, J. Israel, G. Izzo, L. Jonker, P. Kaaret, P. Karas, V. Karelin, D. Kataria, D. Keek, L. Kennedy, T. Klochkov, D. Kluzniak, W. Kokkotas, K. Korpela, S. Kouveliotou, C. Kreykenbohm, I. Kuiper, LM Kuvvetli, I. Labanti, C. Lai, D. Lamb, FK Lebrun, F. Lin, D. Linder, D. Lodato, G. Longo, F. Lund, N. Maccarone, TJ Macera, D. Maier, D. Malcovati, P. Mangano, V. Manousakis, A. Marisaldi, M. Markowitz, A. Martindale, A. Matt, G. McHardy, IM Melatos, A. Mendez, M. Migliari, S. Mignani, R. Miller, MC Miller, JM Mineo, T. Miniutti, G. Morsink, S. Motch, C. Motta, S. Mouchet, M. Muleri, F. Norton, AJ Nowak, M. O'Brien, P. Orienti, M. Orio, M. Orlandini, M. Orleanski, P. Osborne, JP Osten, R. Ozel, F. Pacciani, L. Papitto, A. Paul, B. Perinati, E. Petracek, V. Portell, J. Poutanen, J. Psaltis, D. Rambaud, D. Ramsay, G. Rapisarda, M. Rachevski, A. Ray, PS Rea, N. Reddy, S. Reig, P. Aranda, MR Remillard, R. Reynolds, C. Rodriuez Gil, P. Rodriguez, J. Romano, P. Rossi, EMR Ryde, F. Sabau Graziati, L. Sala, G. Salvaterra, R. Sanna, A. Schanne, S. Schee, J. Schmid, C. Schwenk, A. Schwope, AD Seyler, JY Shearer, A. Smith, DM Smith, PJ Sochora, V. Soffitta, P. Soleri, P. Stappers, B. Stelzer, B. Stergioulas, N. Stratta, G. Strohmayer, TE Stuchlik, Z. Suchy, S. Sulemainov, V. Takahashi, T. Tamburini, F. Tenzer, C. Tolos, L. Torok, G. Torrejon, JM Torres, DF Tramacere, A. Trois, A. Turriziani, S. Uter, P. Uttley, P. Vacchi, A. Varniere, P. Vaughan, S. Vercellone, S. Vrba, V. Walton, D. Watanabe, S. Wawrzaszek, R. Webb, N. Weinberg, N. Wende, H. Wheatley, P. Wijers, R. Wijnands, R. Wille, M. Wilson Hodge, CA Winter, B. Wood, K. Zampa, G. Zampa, N. Zampieri, L. Zdziarski, A. Zhang, BALDAZZI, GIUSEPPE, FORMATION STELLAIRE 2012, Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), PCAS, APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario (IFSI), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Departamento de Biología Animal (Universidad de Granada), Universidad de Granada (UGR), Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), INAF-IASF Milano, Groupe d'Etudes des Matériaux Hétérogènes (GEMH), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Institute of Geology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Tadayuki Takahashi, Stephen S. Murray, Jan-Willem A. den Herder, Shiro Ueno, LOFT, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Feroci, M, den Herder, JW, Bozzo, E, Barret, D, Brandt, S, Hernanz, M, van der Klis, M, Pohl, M, Santangelo, A, Stella, L, Watts, A, Wilms, J, Zane, S, Ahangarianabhari, M, Alpar, A, Altamirano, D, Alvarez, L, Amati, L, Amoros, C, Andersson, N, Antonelli, A, Argan, A, Artigue, R, Azzarello, P, Baldazzi, G, Balman, S, Barbera, M, Belloni, T, Bertuccio, G, Bianchi, S, Bianchini, A, Bodin, P, Bonnet Bidaud, J-M, Boutloukos, S, Braga, J, Brown, E, Bucciantini, N, Burderi, L, Bursa, M, Budtz-Jørgensen, C, Cackett, E, Cadoux, F R, Cais, P, Caliandro, G A, Campana, R, Campana, S, Casella, P, Chakrabarty, D, Chenevez, J, Coker, J, Cole, R, Collura, A, Courvoisier, T, Cros, A, Cumming, A, Cusumano, G, D'Ai, A, D'Elia, V, Del Monte, E, de Martino, D, De Rosa, A, Di Cosimo, S, Diebold, S, Di Salvo, T, Donnarumma, I, Drago, A, Durant, M, Emmanoulopoulos, D, Evangelista, Y, Fabian, A, Falanga, M, Favre, Y, Feldman, C, Ferrigno, C, Finger, M H, Fraser, GW, Fuschino, F, Galloway, DK, Galvez Sanchez, JL, Garcia-Berro, E, Gendre, B, Gezari, S, Giles, AB, Gilfanov, M, Giommi, P, Giovannini, G, Giroletti, M, Goldwurm, A, Götz, D, Gouiffes, C, Grassi, M, Groot, P, Guidorzi, C, Haas, D, Hansen, F, Hartmann, D H, Haswell, C A, Heger, A, Homan, J, Hornstrup, A, Hudec, R, Huovelin, J, Ingram, A, In't Zand, J J M, Isern, J, Israel, G, Izzo, L, Jonker, P, Kaaret, P, Karas, V, Karelin, D, Kataria, D, Keek, L, Kennedy, T, Klochkov, D, Kluzniak, W, Kokkotas, K, Korpela, S, Kouveliotou, C, Kreykenbohm, I, Kuiper, L M, Kuvvetli, I, Labanti, C, Lai, D, Lamb, F K, Lebrun, F, Lin, D, Linder, D, Lodato, G, Longo, F, Lund, N, Maccarone, TJ, Macera, D, Maier, D, Malcovati, P, Mangano, V, Manousakis, A, Marisaldi, M, Markowitz, A, Martindale, A, Matt, G, McHardy, IM, Melatos, A, Mendez, M, Migliari, S, Mignani, R, Miller, M C, Miller, J M, Mineo, T, Miniutti, G, Morsink, S, Motch, C, Motta, S, Mouchet, M, Muleri, F, Norton, AJ, Nowak, M, O'Brien, P, Orienti, M, Orio, M, Orlandini, M, Orleanski, P, Osborne, J P, Osten, R, Ozel, F, Pacciani, L, Papitto, A, Paul, B, Perinati, E, Petracek, V, Portell, J, Poutanen, J, Psaltis, D, Rambaud, D, Ramsay, G, Rapisarda, M, Rachevski, A, Ray, P S, Rea, N, Reddy, S, Reig, P, Reina Aranda, M, Remillard, R, Reynolds, C, Rodríguez-Gil, P, Rodriguez, J, Romano, P, Rossi, E M R, Ryde, F, Sabau-Graziati, L, Sala, G, Salvaterra, R, Sanna, A, Schanne, S, Schee, J, Schmid, C, Schwenk, A, Schwope, A D, Seyler, J-Y, Shearer, A, Smith, A, Smith, D M, Smith, P J, Sochora, V, Soffitta, P, Soleri, P, Stappers, B, Steltzer, B, Stergioulas, N, Stratta, G, Strohmayer, T E, Stuchlik, Z, Suchy, S, Sulemainov, V, Takahashi, T, Tamburini, F, Tenzer, C, Tolos, L, Torok, G, Torrejon, J M, Torres, D F, Tramacere, A, Trois, A, Turriziani, S, Uter, P, Uttley, P, Vacchi, A, Varniere, P, Vaughan, S, Vercellone, S, Vrba, V, Walton, D, Watanabe, S, Wawrzaszek, R, Webb, N, Weinberg, N, Wende, H, Wheatley, P, Wijers, R, Wijnands, R, Wille, M, Wilson-Hodge, C A, Winter, B, Wood, K, Zampa, G, Zampa, N, Zampieri, L, Zdziarski, A, Zhang, B, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Feroci, M., den Herder, J. W., Bozzo, E., Barret, D., Brandt, S., Hernanz, M., van der Klis, M., Pohl, M., Santangelo, A., Stella, L., Watts, A., Wilms, J., Zane, S., Ahangarianabhari, M., Alpar, A., Altamirano, D., Alvarez, L., Amati, L., Amoros, C., Andersson, N., Antonelli, A., Argan, A., Artigue, R., Azzarello, P., Baldazzi, G., Balman, S., Barbera, M., Belloni, T., Bertuccio, G., Bianchi, S., Bianchini, A., Bodin, P., Bonnet Bidaud, J. M., Boutloukos, S., Braga, J., Brown, E., Bucciantini, N., Burderi, L., Bursa, M., Budtz Jørgensen, C., Cackett, E., Cadoux, F. R., Cais, P., Caliandro, G. A., Campana, R., Campana, S., Casella, P., Chakrabarty, D., Chenevez, J., Coker, J., Cole, R., Collura, A., Courvoisier, T., Cros, A., Cumming, A., Cusumano, G., D'Ai, A., D'Elia, V., Del Monte, E., de Martino, D., De Rosa, A., Di Cosimo, S., Diebold, S., Di Salvo, T., Donnarumma, I., Drago, A., Durant, M., Emmanoulopoulos, D., Evangelista, Y., Fabian, A., Falanga, M., Favre, Y., Feldman, C., Ferrigno, C., Finger, M. H., Fraser, G. W., Fuschino, F., Galloway, D. K., Galvez Sanchez, J. L., Garcia Berro, E., Gendre, B., Gezari, S., Giles, A. B., Gilfanov, M., Giommi, P., Giovannini, G., Giroletti, M., Goldwurm, A., Götz, D., Gouiffes, C., Grassi, M., Groot, P., Guidorzi, C., Haas, D., Hansen, F., Hartmann, D. H., Haswell, C. A., Heger, A., Homan, J., Hornstrup, A., Hudec, R., Huovelin, J., Ingram, A., In't Zand, J. J. M., Isern, J., Israel, G., Izzo, L., Jonker, P., Kaaret, P., Karas, V., Karelin, D., Kataria, D., Keek, L., Kennedy, T., Klochkov, D., Kluzniak, W., Kokkotas, K., Korpela, S., Kouveliotou, C., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuiper, L. M., Kuvvetli, I., Labanti, C., Lai, D., Lamb, F. K., Lebrun, F., Lin, D., Linder, D., Lodato, G., Longo, Francesco, Lund, N., Maccarone, T. J., Macera, D., Maier, D., Malcovati, P., Mangano, V., Manousakis, A., Marisaldi, M., Markowitz, A., Martindale, A., Matt, G., Mchardy, I. M., Melatos, A., Mendez, M., Migliari, S., Mignani, R., Miller, M. C., Miller, J. M., Mineo, T., Miniutti, G., Morsink, S., Motch, C., Motta, S., Mouchet, M., Muleri, F., Norton, A. J., Nowak, M., O'Brien, P., Orienti, M., Orio, M., Orlandini, M., Orleanski, P., Osborne, J. P., Osten, R., Ozel, F., Pacciani, L., Papitto, A., Paul, B., Perinati, E., Petracek, V., Portell, J., Poutanen, J., Psaltis, D., Rambaud, D., Ramsay, G., Rapisarda, M., Rachevski, A., Ray, P. S., Rea, N., Reddy, S., Reig, P., Reina Aranda, M., Remillard, R., Reynolds, C., Rodríguez Gil, P., Rodriguez, J., Romano, P., Rossi, E. M. R., Ryde, F., Sabau Graziati, L., Sala, G., Salvaterra, R., Sanna, A., Schanne, S., Schee, J., Schmid, C., Schwenk, A., Schwope, A. D., Seyler, J. Y., Shearer, A., Smith, A., Smith, D. M., Smith, P. J., Sochora, V., Soffitta, P., Soleri, P., Stappers, B., Steltzer, B., Stergioulas, N., Stratta, G., Strohmayer, T. E., Stuchlik, Z., Suchy, S., Sulemainov, V., Takahashi, T., Tamburini, F., Tenzer, C., Tolos, L., Torok, G., Torrejon, J. M., Torres, D. F., Tramacere, A., Trois, A., Turriziani, S., Uter, P., Uttley, P., Vacchi, A., Varniere, P., Vaughan, S., Vercellone, S., Vrba, V., Walton, D., Watanabe, S., Wawrzaszek, R., Webb, N., Weinberg, N., Wende, H., Wheatley, P., Wijers, R., Wijnands, R., Wille, M., Wilson Hodge, C. A., Winter, B., Wood, K., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zampieri, L., Zdziarski, A., Zhang, B., Astronomy, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman - UMR 8516 (LASIR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA, M Feroci, JW den Herder, JW Bozzo, E Barret, D Brandt, S Hernanz, M van der Kli, M Pohl, M Santangelo, A Stella, L Watt, A Wilm, J Zane, S Ahangarianabhari, M Alpar, A Altamirano, D Alvarez, L Amati, L Amoro, C Andersson, N Antonelli, A Argan, A Artigue R, Azzarello P, G Baldazzi, Balman, S Barbera, M Belloni, T Bertuccio, G Bianchi, S Bianchini, A Bodin, P Bidaud, JMB Boutlouko, S Braga, J Brown, E Bucciantini, N Burderi, L Bursa, M Budtz-Jorgensen, C Cackett, E Cadoux, FR Cai, P Caliandro, GA Campana, R Campana, S Casella, P Chakrabarty, D Chenevez, J Coker, J Cole, R Collura, A Courvoisier, T Cro, A Cumming, A Cusumano, G D'Ai, A D'Elia, V Del Monte, E De Martino, D De Rosa, A Di Cosimo, S Diebold, S Di Salvo, T Donnarumma, I Drago, A Durant, M Emmanoulopoulo, D Evangelista, Y Fabian, A Falanga, M Favre, Y Feldman, C Ferrigno, C Finger, MH Fraser, GW Fuschino, F Galloway, DK Sanchez, JLG Garcia-Berro, E Gendre, B Gezari, S Gile, AB Gilfanov, M Giommi, P Giovannini, G Giroletti, M Goldwurm, A Gotz, D Gouiffe, C Grassi, M Groot, P Guidorzi, C Haa, D Hansen, F Hartmann, DH Haswell, CA Heger, A Homan, J Hornstrup, A Hudec, R Huovelin, J Ingram, A in't Zand, JJM Isern, J Israel, G Izzo, L Jonker, P Kaaret, P Kara, V Karelin, D Kataria, D Keek, L Kennedy, T Klochkov, D Kluzniak, W Kokkota, K Korpela, S Kouveliotou, C Kreykenbohm, I Kuiper, LM Kuvvetli, I Labanti, C Lai, D Lamb, FK Lebrun, F Lin, D Linder, D Lodato, G Longo, F Lund, N Maccarone, TJ Macera, D Maier, D Malcovati, P Mangano, V Manousaki, A Marisaldi, M Markowitz, A Martindale, A Matt, G McHardy, IM Melato, A Mendez, M Migliari, S Mignani, R Miller, MC Miller, JM Mineo, T Miniutti, G Morsink, S Motch, C Motta, S Mouchet, M Muleri, F Norton, AJ Nowak, M O'Brien, P Orienti, M Orio, M Orlandini, M Orleanski, P Osborne, JP Osten, R Ozel, F Pacciani, L Papitto, A Paul, B Perinati, E Petracek, V Portell, J Poutanen, J Psalti, D Rambaud, D Ramsay, G Rapisarda, M Rachevski, A Ray, PS Rea, N Reddy, S Reig, P Aranda, MR Remillard, R Reynold, C Rodriuez-Gil, P Rodriguez, J Romano, P Rossi, EMR Ryde, F Sabau-Graziati, L Sala, G Salvaterra, R Sanna, A Schanne, S Schee, J Schmid, C Schwenk, A Schwope, AD Seyler, JY Shearer, A Smith, DM Smith, PJ Sochora, V Soffitta, P Soleri, P Stapper, B Stelzer, B Stergioula, N Stratta, G Strohmayer, TE Stuchlik, Z Suchy, S Sulemainov, V Takahashi, T Tamburini, F Tenzer, C Tolo, L Torok, G Torrejon, JM Torre, DF Tramacere, A Troi, A Turriziani, S Uter, P Uttley, P Vacchi, A Varniere, P Vaughan, S Vercellone, S Vrba, V Walton, D Watanabe, S Wawrzaszek, R Webb, N Weinberg, N Wende, H Wheatley, P Wijer, R Wijnand, R Wille, M Wilson-Hodge, CA Winter, B Wood, K Zampa, G Zampa, N Zampieri, L Zdziarski, A Zhang, Pohl, Martin, Cadoux, Franck, and Favre, Yannick

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Vision, X-ray timing, Astronomy, SPIE Proceedings, Observatories, X-ray timing, X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray imaging, compact objects, Silicon Drift Chambers, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, X-ray missions, Space (mathematics), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica, X-rays, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Instrumentation (computer programming), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Aerospace engineering, Diagnostics, Compact objects, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, Spatial resolution, sezele, Sensors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, X-ray imaging, Silicon Drift Chamber, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Condensed Matter Physics, X-ray spectroscopy, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business
Abstract

The LOFT mission concept is one of four candidates selected by ESA for the M3 launch opportunity as Medium Size missions of the Cosmic Vision programme. The launch window is currently planned for between 2022 and 2024. LOFT is designed to exploit the diagnostics of rapid X-ray flux and spectral variability that directly probe the motion of matter down to distances very close to black holes and neutron stars, as well as the physical state of ultra-dense matter. These primary science goals will be addressed by a payload composed of a Large Area Detector (LAD) and a Wide Field Monitor (WFM). The LAD is a collimated (, Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 8443, Paper No. 8443-85, 2012

Published
2012

32. Treatment of symptomatic distal common bile duct stenosis secondary to chronic pancreatitis: comparison of single vs. multiple simultaneous stents

Author

Jeffrey D. Linder, Eduardo Alcocer, Joseph E. Geenen, Marc F. Catalano, and Suku George

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Common Bile Duct Diseases, medicine.medical_treatment, Gallstones, Distal Common Bile Duct, Liver Function Tests, Cholestasis, Recurrence, Humans, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prospective Studies, Duodenoscopy, Aged, Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde, Common bile duct, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Stent, Cholestasis, Extrahepatic, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Stenosis, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pancreatitis, Biliary tract, Choledochostomy, Chronic Disease, Female, Stents, Liver function, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background Common bile duct stenosis occurs in up to 30% of patients with chronic pancreatitis. Most such stenoses are found incidentally during ERCP, but others manifest as obstructive jaundice, recurrent cholangitis, secondary biliary cirrhosis, or choledocholithiasis. Operative drainage has been the main treatment despite the potentially high morbidity in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Endoscopic biliary drainage with a single stent has been successful in the short term. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term benefit of a single stent vs. multiple simultaneous stents for treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis and symptoms because of distal common bile duct stenosis. Methods Twelve consecutive patients with chronic pancreatitis and common bile duct stenosis underwent endoscopic placement of multiple simultaneous stents and were followed prospectively (Group II). Results were compared with a group of 34 patients in whom a single stent was placed before the start of the present study (Group I). All 46 patients (35 men, 11 women; age range 30-71 years) had chronic pancreatitis and common bile duct stenosis, and presented with symptoms indicative of obstruction (abdominal pain, jaundice, elevated biochemical tests of liver function, acute pancreatitis, cholangitis). The 34 patients in Group I had single stent (10F, 7-9 cm) placement, with exchange at 3 to 6 month intervals (1-4 exchanges) over a mean of 21 months. The 12 patients in Group II underwent placement of multiple simultaneous stents at 3-month intervals (single 10F stents added sequentially) over a mean of 14 months. Mean follow-up was 4.2 years in Group I and 3.9 years for Group II. Factors assessed included symptoms, biochemical tests of liver function, diameter of common bile duct stenosis, and complications. Results In Group I, (34 patients), a total of 162 single stent placement/exchanges were performed (mean 5/patient). In Group II (12 consecutive patients), 8 patients had 4 (10F) stents placed simultaneously, and 4 patients had 5 (10F) stents. At the end of the treatment period, near normalization of biochemical tests of liver function was observed for all patients in Group II, whereas only marginal benefit was noted for patients in Group I. Four patients in Group I had recurrent cholangitis (6 episodes), whereas no patient in Group II had post-procedure cholangitis. In the 12 patients with multiple stents, distal common bile duct stenosis diameter increased from a mean of 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm after treatment; no change in diameter was noted in patients treated with a single stent. Conclusions Distal common bile duct stenosis secondary to chronic pancreatitis can be treated long term by stent placement. Multiple, simultaneous stents appear to be superior to single stent placement and may provide good long-term benefit. The former resulted in near normalization of biochemical tests of liver function and an increase in distal common bile duct diameter. Multiple stent placement may obviate the need for surgical diversion procedures.

Published
2004

33. Secretion of Sterols and the NPC2 Protein from Primary Astrocytes

Author

Outi Kopra, Sari Lusa, Eija Jokitalo, Elina Ikonen, Aino-Liisa Mutka, Matts D. Linder, and Matti Jauhiainen

Subjects
Sucrose, Glycosylation, Time Factors, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Biochemistry, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Desmosterol, Cells, Cultured, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chromatography, Mice, Inbred BALB C, 0303 health sciences, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Temperature, Cell biology, Sterols, Cholesterol, medicine.anatomical_structure, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Astrocyte, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, DNA, Complementary, Genotype, Glycoside Hydrolases, Blotting, Western, Mice, Transgenic, Lathosterol, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Niemann-Pick C1 Protein, Centrifugation, Density Gradient, medicine, Animals, Humans, Secretion, Molecular Biology, Glycoproteins, 030304 developmental biology, Proteins, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Cell Biology, Fibroblasts, Semliki forest virus, Sterol, Microscopy, Electron, Microscopy, Fluorescence, chemistry, Astrocytes, Chromatography, Thin Layer, NPC1, Carrier Proteins, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Astrocytes secrete cholesterol in lipoprotein particles. Here we show that primary murine embryonic astrocytes secrete endogenously synthesized cholesterol but also the cholesterol precursors desmosterol and lathosterol. In astrocyte membranes, desmosterol and cholesterol were the predominant sterols. Astrocytes derived from Niemann-Pick type C lipidosis (NPC1-/-) mice displayed late endosomal cholesterol deposits, but the secretion of biosynthetic sterols from the cells was not inhibited. Both wild-type and NPC1-/- astrocytes secreted the NPC2 protein. Size-exclusion chromatography combined with electron microscopy showed that the majority of sterols were secreted separately from NPC2 in heterogeneous spherical particles with an average diameter of 20 nm. These data suggest that NPC2 and the majority of sterols secreted from astrocytes are not released together and that the secretion of neither sterols nor NPC2 requires NPC1 function. In addition, the findings reveal a complexity of sterol species in astrocytes and bring up the possibility that some of the effects assigned to astrocyte cholesterol may be attributed to its penultimate precursors.

Published
2004

34. Endoscopic management of adenoma of the major duodenal papilla

Author

Isaac Raijman, Douglas A. Howell, Amitabh Chak, Joseph E Geenen, Michael V. Sivak, Marc F. Catalano, and Jeffrey D. Linder

Subjects
Adenoma, Adult, Male, Ampulla of Vater, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Common Bile Duct Neoplasms, Adenomatous Polyps, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Endoscopy, Digestive System, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Pancreatic duct, business.industry, Standard treatment, Gastroenterology, Papillary Adenoma, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Surgery, Major duodenal papilla, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pancreatitis, Acute pancreatitis, Female, Papillary stenosis, business
Abstract

It is well established that adenoma of the major duodenal papilla has a potential for malignant transformation. Standard treatment has been surgical (duodenotomy/local resection, pancreaticoduodenectomy). Endoscopic management is described, but there is no established consensus regarding the approach to papillectomy or the need for surveillance. This study describes endoscopic management and long-term follow-up of papillary tumors by 4 groups of expert pancreaticobiliary endoscopists.Consecutive patients with papillary tumors referred to 4 pancreaticobiliary endoscopy centers for evaluation for endoscopic papillectomy were reviewed. For each patient, an extensive questionnaire was completed, which included 19 preoperative and 15 postoperative data points. A total of 103 patients (53 women, 50 men, age range 24-93) who underwent attempted endoscopic resection were included. Of these, 72 had sporadic adenoma, and the remaining patients had familial adenomatous polyposis, including Gardner's variant. Presenting symptoms were jaundice/cholangitis/pain (n=59), pancreatitis (n=18), and bleeding (n=12). Twenty-six patients were asymptomatic.Endoscopic treatment was successful, long term, in 83 patients (80%) and failed (initial failure or recurrent tumor) in 20 (20%) patients. Success was significantly associated with older age (54.7 [16.6] vs. 46.6 [21.7] years; p=0.08) and smaller lesions (21.1 [8.3] vs. 29.7 [7.2] mm; p0.0001). Success rate was higher for sporadic lesions compared with genetically determined lesions (63 of 72 [86%] vs. 20 of 31 [67%]; p=0.02). There were 10 initial failures, which was more common for sporadic lesions (7 of 10). The overall success rate for papillectomy was similar in patients who had adjuvant thermal ablation (81%) compared with those who did not (78%). However, recurrence (n=10) was more common in the former group (9 of 10, [90%]; p=0.22). Complications (n=10) included acute pancreatitis (n=5), bleeding (n=2), and late papillary stenosis (n=3). Acute pancreatitis was more common in patients who did not have pancreatic duct stents placed (17% vs. 3.3%). Papillary stenosis was more frequent without short-term pancreatic duct stent placement (15.4% vs. 1.1%), although the difference was not statistically significant, because this complication was infrequent.Endoscopic treatment of papillary adenoma in selected patients appears to be highly successful. The majority can undergo complete resection after ERCP. In expert hands, complications are infrequent and may be avoided by routine placement of a pancreatic duct stent.

Published
2004

35. Prospective Evaluation of Droperidol on Sphincter of Oddi Motility

Author

C. Mel Wilcox and Jeffrey D. Linder

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Manometry, Sedation, Conscious Sedation, digestive system, Prospective evaluation, Basal (phylogenetics), Sphincter of Oddi, medicine, Humans, Droperidol, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prospective Studies, Child, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, Anesthesia, Sphincter, Female, medicine.symptom, Gastrointestinal Motility, Complication, business, Adjuvants, Anesthesia, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Droperidol increasingly is used as an effective adjunct for conscious sedation during endoscopic procedures. Given the concern for the effects of narcotics and benzodiazepines on sphincter of Oddi motility, and the potential difficulty in sedating patients undergoing sphincter of Oddi manometry, droperidol could be an ideal agent in this setting. Methods Over a 43-month period, consecutive patients undergoing sphincter of Oddi manometry were studied prospectively. Sphincter of Oddi manometry was performed under general anesthesia in all but 10 patients. Standard retrograde pull-through techniques were used to examine the biliary and/or pancreatic sphincter, depending on the indication for sphincter of Oddi manometry. After the initial two pull-throughs, 5 mg of droperidol were given intravenously and measurements were repeated 5 minutes later. Results A total of 55 patients were studied (42 women [76%], 13 men; mean age 43 years). The basal biliary sphincter pressures measured in 35 patients before and after droperidol were, respectively, 56 mm Hg and 48 mm Hg ( p = 0.02); the basal pancreatic sphincter pressures measured in 22 patients before and after droperidol were, respectively, 92 mm Hg and 67 mm Hg ( p = 0.29). By using a definition for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction of a basal pressure greater than 40 mm Hg, droperidol would have resulted in a change in diagnosis in 5 patients undergoing biliary manometry (one misclassified as sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, 4 misclassified as normal), and 6 patients undergoing pancreatic sphincter manometry (5 misclassified as sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, one misclassified as normal) (total 19% of procedures). No complication was associated with droperidol use. Conclusions Droperidol alters basal sphincter pressures, which in some patients was clinically significant and would have resulted in misclassification. Although safe and well tolerated, droperidol appears to have subtle but clinically significant effects on the sphincter of Oddi.

Published
2003

36. Rapid Suppression of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition by Methylglyoxal

Author

Ove Eriksson, Julius Liobikas, Theo Wallimann, Paavo K.J. Kinnunen, Oliver Speer, Sarune Morkunaite-Haimi, Linn Hensbo, Matts D. Linder, and Marina Franck

Subjects
0303 health sciences, biology, Arginine, Stereochemistry, Cytochrome c, Methylglyoxal, Depolarization, Cell Biology, Oxidative phosphorylation, Mitochondrion, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, Mitochondrial permeability transition pore, Glycation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Methylglyoxal (MG) (pyruvaldehyde) is a reactive carbonyl compound produced in glycolysis. MG can form covalent adducts on proteins resulting in advanced glycation end products that may alter protein function. Here we report that MG covalently modifies the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), a high conductance channel involved in the signal transduction of cell death processes. Incubation of isolated mitochondria with MG for a short period of time (5 min), followed by removal of excess free MG, prevented both ganglioside GD3- and Ca2+-induced PTP opening and the ensuing membrane depolarization, swelling, and cytochrome c release. Under these conditions MG did not significantly interfere with mitochondrial substrate transport, respiration, or oxidative phosphorylation. The suppression of permeability transition was reversible following extended incubation in MG-free medium. Of the 29 physiological carbonyl and dicarbonyl compounds tested only MG and its analogue glyoxal were able to specifically alter the behavior of the PTP. Using a set of arginine-containing peptides, we found that the major MG-derived arginine adduct formed, following a short time exposure to MG, was the 5-hydro-5-methylimidazol-4-one derivative. These findings demonstrate that MG rapidly modifies the PTP covalently and stabilizes the PTP in the closed conformation. This is probably due to the formation of an imidazolone adduct on an arginine residue involved in the control of PTP conformation (Linder, M. D., Morkunaite-Haimi, S., Kinnunen, P. J. K., Bernardi, P., and Eriksson, O. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 937–942). We deduce that the permeability transition constitutes a potentially important physiological target of MG.

Published
2003

37. Diagnostic Yield and Clinical Implications of Push Enteroscopy

Author

C. Mel Wilcox, Jeffrey D. Linder, Rekha Cheruvattath, and Christopher Truss

Subjects
Adult, Male, Enteroscopy, medicine.medical_specialty, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Adolescent, Endoscope, Anemia, Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal, medicine, Push enteroscopy, Humans, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency, Medical treatment, business.industry, General surgery, Medical record, Gastroenterology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Female, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, business, Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia, Esophagitis
Abstract

Background: Push enteroscopy is increasingly used as an investigative tool for the evaluation of gastrointestinal bleeding, and studies from specialized centers have shown an overall diagnostic yield of push enteroscopy in such patients ranging from 38% to 75%. The aim of our study was to characterize the yield and clinical effect of push enteroscopy to determine the applicability of prior observations to other academic centers. Study: We retrospectively studied patients who underwent push enteroscopy between January 1995 and December 2000 at our institution. Detailed clinical history, endoscopic findings, endoscopic therapy, and subsequent medical treatment were obtained through review of medical records and our endoscopic database. Medications prescribed after enteroscopy and whether medical management was affected by the findings of push enteroscopy were also recorded. Results: Over the 6-year study period, 126 patients (48% men; mean age, 62 years; range, 15-91 years) underwent push enteroscopy. The most common indications for push enteroscopy were gastrointestinal bleeding in 57 patients (45%) and iron-deficiency anemia in 32 (25%). The results of push enteroscopy were normal in 44 patients (35%), and the most frequent endoscopic lesions were angiectasias in 24 patients (19%), gastric erosions in 10 (8%), gastric ulcer in four (3%), jejunal ulcer in three (2%), and esophagitis in three (2%). The identified lesions (n = 89) were within reach of a standard upper endoscope in 42 patients (47%). Endoscopic therapy was performed in 12 patients (13%), and the management of 50 patients (40%) was changed based on findings at push enteroscopy. Conclusions: Push enteroscopy has a high diagnostic yield, similar to reports from specialized centers suggesting the potential clinical benefit of more widespread use.

Published
2002

38. Corn Silage Management: Effects of Maturity, Inoculation, and Mechanical Processing on Pack Density and Aerobic Stability

Author

Kevin J. Shinners, J.H. Harrison, D. Linder, D. Davidson, L.M. Johnson, and W.C. Mahanna

Subjects
Maturity (geology), Silage, Information silo, Management effects, Food Handling, Inoculation, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, Biology, Zea mays, Aerobiosis, Oxygen, Lactobacillus, Animal science, Agronomy, Food Preservation, Silo, Genetics, Animals, Conditioning, Cattle, Animal Science and Zoology, Aerobie, Food Science
Abstract

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of inoculation, maturity, and mechanical processing of corn silage on aerobic stability and pack density. Corn silage was stored in 20-L mini silos for the three aerobic stability experiments. Corn silage was stored in 80-L mini silos for the three pack-density experiments. The wet pack density of corn silage tended to decrease as maturity advanced in all of the pack-density experiments, and processed corn silage had a greater wet pack density compared with unprocessed corn silage in two of the three 20-L mini silo experiments. Aerobic stability, measured as the number of hours to reach 1.7 degrees C above ambient, was greater for processed corn silage in two of the three 20-L mini silo experiments, and was greater for inoculated corn silage across the three 20-L mini silo experiments. Inoculation of corn silage with lactic acid producing bacteria tended to improve aerobic stability of corn silage more than maturity and mechanical processing.

Published
2002

39. [Untitled]

Author

C. Mel Wilcox, Jeffrey D. Linder, and Wilma Geels

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pancreatic disease, Physiology, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, medicine.disease, Biliary disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, Internal medicine, Sphincter of Oddi, Medicine, Acute pancreatitis, Sphincter, Pancreatitis, business
Abstract

Recent studies suggest a high prevalence of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) in patients referred to specialized centers for sphincter of Oddi manometry (SOM). Whether these results can be generalized to other centers is unknown. From September 1998 to April 2000, patients undergoing SOM were prospectively identified. Patients were classified as having either biliary or pancreatic SOD, according to the modified Milwaukee classification, and underwent SOM of either the biliary or pancreatic sphincter based on clinical history. SOD was diagnosed when the mean basal sphincter pressure was >40 mm Hg. Standard cholangiography and/or pancreatography were performed following manometry. Fifty-one patients were studied (43 women, median age 46 years, range 7-74 years). Prior to SOM, patients were classified by the modified Milwaukee classification as biliary type I in 1 patient, type II in 8, and type III in 20; pancreatic type I in 4 patients, type II in 14, and type III in 3; and biliary type III and pancreatic type III in 1 patient. Indications for SOM included abdominal pain in 35 patients (69%), recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis in 12 (24%), chronic pancreatitis in 3 (7%), and acute pancreatitis in 1 (2%). Overall, 30 patients (59%; 95% CI 41.1-76.9%) were found to have SOD; abnormal biliary sphincter pressure in 16 of 29 patients (55%) undergoing biliary manometry, and abnormal pancreatic sphincter pressures in 14 of 21 patients (67%) undergoing pancreatic sphincter manometry, and abnormal biliary and pancreatic sphincter pressures in 1. SOD was diagnosed in 1 biliary type I patient (100%), 4 type II patients (50%), and 11 type III patients (52.4%) with a mean pressures of 92, 47, and 80 mm Hg, respectively. SOD was identified in 4 pancreatic type I patients (100%), 7 type II patients (50%), and 3 type III patients (100%) with mean sphincter pressures of 83 mm Hg, 96 mm Hg, and 102 mm Hg, respectively. In conclusion, the prevalence of SOD in patients with suspected biliary disease was 55%, suspected pancreatic disease 66%, yielding an overall prevalence of SOD of 59%. These results confirm the high prevalence of SOD in patients referred for SOM.

Published
2002

40. Ligand-selective Modulation of the Permeability Transition Pore by Arginine Modification

Author

Paavo K.J. Kinnunen, Sarune Morkunaite-Haimi, Paolo Bernardi, Matts D. Linder, and Ove Eriksson

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Phenylglyoxal, animal structures, Arginine, biology, Stereochemistry, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Chemical modification, Depolarization, Peptide, Cell Biology, environment and public health, Biochemistry, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, EGTA, Mitochondrial membrane transport protein, chemistry, Mitochondrial permeability transition pore, biology.protein, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Chemical modification of mitochondria with the arginine-specific reagents phenylglyoxal (PGO) and 2,3-butanedione (BAD) decreases the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the permeability transition pore (PTP) and stabilizes it in the closed conformation (Eriksson, O., Fontaine, E., and Bernardi, P. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 12669-12674). Unexpectedly, modification of mitochondria with the arginine-specific reagent p-hydroxyphenylglyoxal (OH-PGO) resulted instead in PTP opening. Sequential modification with OH-PGO and PGO (or BAD) revealed that the effects on the PTP depended on the order of the additions. PTP opening was observed when OH-PGO preceded, and PTP closing was observed when OH-PGO followed, the addition of PGO (or BAD). The differential effects of OH-PGO and PGO on the PTP open probability (i) were not modified by the conformation-specific ligands of the adenine nucleotide translocase bongkrekate and atractylate; and (ii) were also observed in de-energized mitochondria, indicating that the effect is exerted directly on the PTP. OH-PGO dramatically sensitized PTP opening, which was triggered by depolarization even in the presence of EGTA. These data show that arginine modification modulates the PTP conformation in a ligand-selective fashion and suggest that the effects of OH-PGO, PGO, and BAD are mediated by the same arginine residues. We analyzed the structure of the arginine adducts by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a test peptide and N-acetylarginine. The results indicate that both OH-PGO and PGO react with arginine at a stoichiometry of 2:1 and form stable adducts that may be feasible to identify the PTP at the molecular level.

Published
2002

41. Quality of life in patients with scalp psoriasis

Author

A, Zampieron, A, Buja, M, Fusco, D, Linder, M, Bortune, S, Piaserico, and V, Baldo

Subjects
Adult, Employment, Male, Arthritis, Psoriatic, Emotions, Smoking, Comorbidity, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Scalp Dermatoses, Social Perception, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Body Image, Quality of Life, Educational Status, Humans, Psoriasis, Female, Health Impact Assessment, Obesity
Abstract

The aims of this study were to describe the quality of life (QoL) in patients suffering of scalp psoriasis and to assess the impact of the socio-demographic and clinical features of this condition on patients' health-related QoL, using general and specific QoL scales.This research is a cross-sectional study. The study involved 55 patients attending their first examination at the Dermatology Clinic of Padua University over the course of one year (April 2010-March 2011). The outcome was quality of life analyzed by means Scalpdex and SF-36 questionnaire.The sample's mean Scalpdex score was 43.60±17.52, while the mean SF-36 score was 68.28±20.32. The SF-36 identified statistically significant differences between the psoriasis patients and the Italian general population in two domains, i.e. general health (P=0.0075) and emotional role (P=0.0048). The severity of patients' scalp lesions emerged as a factor associated with a reduced QoL in these patients, irrespective of the severity of their disease as a whole. Sex, age, schooling and other socio-demographic factors also characterized patients' perceived QoL.Patients with scalp psoriasis suffered from a lower QoL relating to the highly visible site of their psoriatic lesions. Specific supportive measures should be dedicated to these patients by health care workers.

Published
2014

42. PSOCUBE, a multidimensional assessment of psoriasis patients as a both clinically/practically sustainable and evidence-based algorithm

Author

Paolo Gisondi, Nicola Balato, Francesca Prignano, Paolo Amerio, Stefano Piaserico, Anna Campanati, Rosita Saraceno, Andrea Conti, S. Amato, Gianfranco Altomare, D. Linder, Linder, D, Altomare, G, Amato, S, Amerio, P, Balato, Nicola, Campanati, A, Conti, A, Gisondi, P, Prignano, F, Saraceno, R, and Piaserico, S.

Subjects
Evidence-based practice, psoriasis, dermatology life quality index, quality of life, disease severity, Multidimensional assessment, Physical examination, Standardized test, Dermatology, Psoriasis, medicine, Humans, Medical history, Clinical significance, computer.programming_language, Evidence-Based Medicine, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Disease Management, medicine.disease, Infectious Diseases, business, computer, Algorithm, Algorithms, Delphi
Abstract

Background There is increasing awareness of the clinical relevance of psoriasis comorbidities and of the importance of timely and effective screening for such comorbidities in the management of psoriatic patients. Previous works have focused on assessing evidence for prevalence of comorbidities and on the best available evidence for sensitivity in diagnosing suspected comorbidities. No algorithms are available, which have been tested on large numbers of physicians concerning the acceptance of such algorithms both by practicing clinical dermatologists and by their consulting specialists from other fields. Objective To propose a multidimensional assessment algorithm for psoriasis comorbidities which may prove at the same time enough sensitive and practically sustainable in daily clinical practice. Methods After an exhaustive literature search, we performed a Delphi procedure involving 50 dedicated dermatological centres to obtain a standardized assessment algorithm, which would meet requirements of sustainability and acceptability both from the point of view of Evidence-Based Medicine as well as from the point of view of practical and clinical feasibility: to meet both requirements, results from the Delphi procedure were elaborated and modified by a restricted panel of experts. Results The procedure has yielded PSOCUBE, a three-dimensional table comprising 14 clinical examination and history taking items, 32 screening laboratory and instrumental exams and 11 clinimetric scores. Conclusion PSOCUBE, a simple algorithm, may be employed by practising dermatologists to perform standardized assessment procedures on psoriatic patients raising the chances of early recognition of patients at risk for comorbidities, thus fostering more effective prevention; PSOCUBE may therefore contribute to reduce the overall impact of this chronic, widespread disease.

Published
2014

43. The Large Observatory For x-ray Timing

Author

Antonios Manousakis, S. Boutloukos, F. Zwart, Jose M. Torrejon, C. Pittori, Alessandro Drago, Dieter H. Hartmann, Feryal Özel, T. J. L. Courvoisier, Tim Johannsen, Jordi José, M. Michalska, Christian Schmid, I. Rashevskaya, Gottfried Kanbach, V. Petracek, L. Bradley, Allan Hornstrup, M. H. Erkut, Sergio Campana, Rudy Wijnands, Andrew Cumming, Nils Andersson, Tomaso Belloni, M. C. Miller, Roman Wawrzaszek, Stefano Bianchi, Enrique García-Berro, Sandro Mereghetti, C. Guidorzi, C. Corral Van Damme, Søren Brandt, Francesco Tombesi, Felix Ryde, Didier Barret, Simon Vaughan, Marco Feroci, T. Di Salvo, C. van Baren, Angelo Antonelli, Marc Ribó, J. L. Atteia, P. Soleri, Alessio Trois, Silvia Zane, G. Mouret, Ersin Gogus, Emanuele Perinati, J. Coker, Piero Malcovati, V. Mangano, F. Jetter, P. Uter, P. Romano, M. Nowak, Roberto Turolla, Laura Tolos, Antonino D'Ai, Laura Alvarez, C. Amoros, Simone Scaringi, A. Possenti, David M. Smith, M. Falanga, A. Goldwurm, René Hudec, Ignacio Negueruela, M. van der Klis, Francesco Longo, José A. Pons, I. M. McHardy, R. Rohlfs, P. Cais, Luigi Stella, S. Di Cosimo, Antoine Rousseau, M. Ayre, M. Gschwender, D. Klochkov, Niels Lund, Chryssa Kouveliotou, P. Azzarello, F. Château, Michael Gabler, S. Vercellone, Martin Durant, I. Donnarumma, Giorgio Matt, Mauro Orlandini, P. Kaaret, Patrick Smith, P. T. O'Brien, A. Argan, M. Orienti, Marco Grassi, Claudio Labanti, Edward F. Brown, Christopher S. Reynolds, Gloria Sala, Y. Evangelista, Gabriel Török, José Braga, Riccardo Campana, Alan Smith, C. Gouiffes, Nevin N. Weinberg, Leonardo Gualtieri, Yannick Favre, P.G. Jonker, Gabriele Giovannini, D. de Martino, Irfan Kuvvetli, S. Motta, Teresa Mineo, Paul J. Groot, Pablo Reig, Martino Marisaldi, Andrea Sanna, Lorenzo Amati, G. L. Israel, D. Macera, K. S. Wood, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, F. Fuschino, Suvi Gezari, Mariano Mendez, Slawomir Suchy, Damien Rambaud, Nanda Rea, R. Artigue, J.-Y. Seyler, S. N. Shore, Frederick K. Lamb, Jörn Wilms, Mark G. Alford, Margarita Hernanz, Thomas M. Tauris, Luca Izzo, Tobias Boenke, J. J. M. in 't Zand, J. Mulačová, P. Binko, Daniel Maier, Jan Schee, Bruce Gendre, Enrico Bozzo, Paul S. Ray, Giuseppe Bertuccio, Simone Migliari, Ignazio Bombaci, Vladimir Karas, Nikolaos Stergioulas, P. P. Laubert, D. Karelin, A. C. Fabian, Giovanni Miniutti, Dacheng Lin, L. Guy, Martine Mouchet, Colleen A. Wilson-Hodge, Valeria Ferrari, Kai Hebeler, Mark H. Finger, Shigeto Watanabe, Pawel Haensel, H. Jacobs, Adrian Martindale, A. A. Zdziarski, Andrea Santangelo, Giuseppe Baldazzi, Piergiorgio Casella, Fabio Muleri, M. Hailey, Antonio Bianchini, Giuseppe Lodato, E. Del Monte, M. Rapisarda, Zdeněk Stuchlík, Alain Cros, V. Sochora, Laurens Keek, Jorge Casares, Andrew Melatos, Pere Blay, E. Rossi, A. P. Spencer, G. Stratta, Conrado Albertus, J. M. Paredes, M. Ahangarianabhari, Anna L. Watts, M. Del Santo, I. Kreykenbohm, Alessandro Patruno, G. A. Caliandro, C. Feldman, M. Pohl, Fabrizio Tamburini, G. Zampa, Marina Orio, Flemming Hansen, P. Ramon, Ruben Salvaterra, David H. Lumb, Edward M. Cackett, Andrew Shearer, Sharon M. Morsink, L. Pacciani, J.-M. Bonnet Bidaud, A. De Luca, Jérôme Chenevez, Sebastian Diebold, N. Zampa, Carole A. Haswell, Luciano Burderi, E. Cavazzuti, Adam Ingram, Dhiren Kataria, Berend Winter, A. Vacchi, W. Hermsen, P. Giommi, Dong Lai, N. A. Webb, P. Bodin, Dom Walton, Solen Balman, Benjamin Stappers, M. Burgay, Luca Zampieri, Carl Budtz-Jørgensen, Ralph A. M. J. Wijers, Giancarlo Cusumano, J. L. Galvez Sanchez, Raffaella Schneider, Luciano Rezzolla, Alexander Heger, S. Korpela, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, Biswajit Paul, Diego Götz, B. Artigues, Paolo Soffitta, M. H. Finger, J. W. den Herder, Paolo Esposito, Kazushi Iwasawa, Poul Erik Holmdahl Olsen, J. Neilsen, Marco Barbera, Deepto Chakrabarty, R. A. Osten, M. Reina Aranda, A. J. Castro-Tirado, Andrea Tramacere, D. Haas, Johannes Dercksen, John A. Tomsick, A. V. Penacchioni, V. D'Elia, Alfonso Collura, Altan Baykal, P. Le Provost, S. Turriziani, Kostas D. Kokkotas, Duncan K. Galloway, Ron Remillard, Juhani Huovelin, Somak Bhattacharyya, Pavel Bakala, Phil Uttley, Richard E. Cole, Mahesh Prakash, L. Kuiper, T. Munoz-Darias, Diego F. Torres, S. Mahmoodifar, G. Ramsay, Andrew Norton, T. Kennedy, Achim Schwenk, L. Zdunik, A. B. Giles, Jerome Rodriguez, C. Motch, Ilya Mandel, Marcello Giroletti, Dimitrios Psaltis, J. Sandberg, Fiamma Capitanio, Remon Cornelisse, M. R. Gilfanov, Peggy Varniere, Franck Cadoux, Peter J. Wheatley, M. de Pasquale, Juri Poutanen, S. Maestre, A. Pellizzoni, Axel Schwope, Diego Altamirano, Piotr Orleanski, V. Vrba, Agata Różańska, Kateřina Goluchová, P. Rodríguez Gil, Niccolò Bucciantini, Stéphane Schanne, Carlo Ferrigno, Thomas J. Maccarone, H. Wende, Tod E. Strohmayer, Tadayuki Takahashi, Francois Lebrun, E. Kuulkers, Jeroen Homan, Maurizio Paolillo, M. A. Perez, J. P. Osborne, A. Alpar, Sanjay Reddy, G.W. Fraser, V. Sulemainov, D. Linder, L. Sabau-Graziati, A. Rachevski, Bing Zhang, Alessandro Papitto, C. Tenzer, Alex Markowitz, J. Portell, Roberto Mignani, Fabrizio Bocchino, Arnau Rios, R. de la Rie, M. Wille, A. de Rosa, Alessandro Riggio, M. Frericks, Andrew W. Steiner, Michal Bursa, Federico Bernardini, Jon M. Miller, W. Kluzniak, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma ( OAR ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de l'Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( LATT ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), FORMATION STELLAIRE 2014, Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux ( L3AB ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers ( OASU ), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] ( LAB ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface ( IDES ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Licryl Laboratory ( CNR-IPCF UOS Cosenza ), University of Calabria, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati ( LNF ), National Institute for Nuclear Physics ( INFN ), PCAS, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Milano ( IASF-MI ), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles ( AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics ( TRIUMF ), NRC, Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon ( IRCELYON ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Univers et Théories ( LUTH ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman - UMR 8516 ( LASIR ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche [Naples], Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Energétique, propulsion, espace, environnement ( EPEE ), Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Hanover], Dartmouth College [Hanover], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille ( IBDM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] ( UPC ), INAF-IASF Milano, Climate and Environmental Physics [Bern], University of Bern, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ), Institute of Geology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule [Zürich] ( ETH Zürich ), IEEC-CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] ( UAB ), MedisysResearch Lab ( Medisys ), Philips Research, European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de l'Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (LATT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Licryl Laboratory (CNR-IPCF UOS Cosenza), Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] (Unical), Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica - Milano (IASF-MI), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canada's particle accelerator centre (TRIUMF), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l'Environnement - UMR 8516 (LASIRE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Energétique, propulsion, espace, environnement (EPEE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Climate and Environmental Physics [Bern] (CEP), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE)-Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), MedisysResearch Lab (Medisys), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), SPIE, Takahashi, Tadayuki, Feroci M., Den Herder J.W., Bozzo E., Barret D., Brandt S., Hernanz M., Van Der Klis M., Pohl M., Santangelo A., Stella L., Watts A., Wilms J., Zane S., Ahangarianabhari M., Albertus C., Alford M., Alpar A., Altamirano D., Alvarez L., Amati L., Amoros C., Andersson N., Antonelli A., Argan A., Artigue R., Artigues B., Atteia J.-L., Azzarello P., Bakala P., Baldazzi G., Balman S., Barbera M., Van Baren C., Bhattacharyya S., Baykal A., Belloni T., Bernardini F., Bertuccio G., Bianchi S., Bianchini A., Binko P., Blay P., Bocchino F., Bodin P., Bombaci I., Bonnet Bidaud J.-M., Boutloukos S., Bradley L., Braga J., Brown E., Bucciantini N., Burderi L., Burgay M., Bursa M., Budtz-Jorgensen C., Cackett E., Cadoux F.R., Cais P., Caliandro G.A., Campana R., Campana S., Capitanio F., Casares J., Casella P., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cavazzuti E., Cerda-Duran P., Chakrabarty D., Chateau F., Chenevez J., Coker J., Cole R., Collura A., Cornelisse R., Courvoisier T., Cros A., Cumming A., Cusumano G., D'ai A., D'elia V., Del Monte E., De Luca A., De Martino D., Dercksen J.P.C., De Pasquale M., De Rosa A., Del Santo M., Di Cosimo S., Diebold S., Di Salvo T., Donnarumma I., Drago A., Durant M., Emmanoulopoulos D., Erkut M.H., Esposito P., Evangelista Y., Fabian A., Falanga M., Favre Y., Feldman C., Ferrari V., Ferrigno C., Finger M., Finger M.H., Fraser G.W., Frericks M., Fuschino F., Gabler M., Galloway D.K., Galvez Sanchez J.L., Garcia-Berro E., Gendre B., Gezari S., Giles A.B., Gilfanov M., Giommi P., Giovannini G., Giroletti M., Gogus E., Goldwurm A., Goluchova K., Gotz D., Gouiffes C., Grassi M., Groot P., Gschwender M., Gualtieri L., Guidorzi C., Guy L., Haas D., Haensel P., Hailey M., Hansen F., Hartmann D.H., Haswell C.A., Hebeler K., Heger A., Hermsen W., Homan J., Hornstrup A., Hudec R., Huovelin J., Ingram A., In't Zand J.J.M., Israel G., Iwasawa K., Izzo L., Jacobs H.M., Jetter F., Johannsen T., Jonker P., Jose J., Kaaret P., Kanbach G., Karas V., Karelin D., Kataria D., Keek L., Kennedy T., Klochkov D., Kluzniak W., Kokkotas K., Korpela S., Kouveliotou C., Kreykenbohm I., Kuiper L.M., Kuvvetli I., Labanti C., Lai D., Lamb F.K., Laubert P.P., Lebrun F., Lin D., Linder D., Lodato G., Longo F., Lund N., Maccarone T.J., Macera D., Maestre S., Mahmoodifar S., Maier D., Malcovati P., Mandel I., Mangano V., Manousakis A., Marisaldi M., Markowitz A., Martindale A., Matt G., Mchardy I.M., Melatos A., Mendez M., Mereghetti S., Michalska M., Migliari S., Mignani R., Miller M.C., Miller J.M., Mineo T., Miniutti G., Morsink S., Motch C., Motta S., Mouchet M., Mouret G., Mulaova J., Muleri F., Munoz-Darias T., Negueruela I., Neilsen J., Norton A.J., Nowak M., O'brien P., Olsen P.E.H., Orienti M., Orio M., Orlandini M., Orleaaski P., Osborne J.P., Osten R., Ozel F., Pacciani L., Paolillo M., Papitto A., Paredes J.M., Patruno A., Paul B., Perinati E., Pellizzoni A., Penacchioni A.V., Perez M.A., Petracek V., Pittori C., Pons J., Portell J., Possenti A., Poutanen J., Prakash M., Le Provost P., Psaltis D., Rambaud D., Ramon P., Ramsay G., Rapisarda M., Rachevski A., Rashevskaya I., Ray P.S., Rea N., Reddy S., Reig P., Reina Aranda M., Remillard R., Reynolds C., Rezzolla L., Ribo M., De La Rie R., Riggio A., Rios A., Rodriguez-Gil P., Rodriguez J., Rohlfs R., Romano P., Rossi E.M.R., Rozanska A., Rousseau A., Ryde F., Sabau-Graziati L., Sala G., Salvaterra R., Sanna A., Sandberg J., Scaringi S., Schanne S., Schee J., Schmid C., Shore S., Schneider R., Schwenk A., Schwope A.D., Seyler J.-Y., Shearer A., Smith A., Smith D.M., Smith P.J., Sochora V., Soffitta P., Soleri P., Spencer A., Stappers B., Steiner A.W., Stergioulas N., Stratta G., Strohmayer T.E., Stuchlik Z., Suchy S., Sulemainov V., Takahashi T., Tamburini F., Tauris T., Tenzer C., Tolos L., Tombesi F., Tomsick J., Torok G., Torrejon J.M., Torres D.F., Tramacere A., Trois A., Turolla R., Turriziani S., Uter P., Uttley P., Vacchi A., Varniere P., Vaughan S., Vercellone S., Vrba V., Walton D., Watanabe S., Wawrzaszek R., Webb N., Weinberg N., Wende H., Wheatley P., Wijers R., Wijnands R., Wille M., Wilson-Hodge C.A., Winter B., Wood K., Zampa G., Zampa N., Zampieri L., Zdunik L., Zdziarski A., Zhang B., Zwart F., Ayre M., Boenke T., Corral Van Damme C., Kuulkers E., Lumb D., Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille Institut (CLIL), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Universität Bern [Bern]-Universität Bern [Bern], European Space Agency (ESA), Feroci, M., den Herder, J., Bozzo, E., Barret, D., Brandt, S., Hernanz, M., van der Klis, M., Pohl, M., Santangelo, A., Stella, L., Watts, A., Wilms, J., Zane, S., Ahangarianabhari, M., Albertus, C., Alford, M., Alpar, A., Altamirano, D., Alvarez, L., Amati, L., Amoros, C., Andersson, N., Antonelli, A., Argan, A., Artigue, R., Artigues, B., Atteia, J., Azzarello, P., Bakala, P., Baldazzi, G., Balman, S., Barbera, M., van Baren, C., Bhattacharyya, S., Baykal, A., Belloni, T., Bernardini, F., Bertuccio, G., Bianchi, S., Bianchini, A., Binko, P., Blay, P., Bocchino, F., Bodin, P., Bombaci, I., Bonnet Bidaud, J., Boutloukos, S., Bradley, L., Braga, J., Brown, E., Bucciantini, N., Burderi, L., Burgay, M., Bursa, M., Budtz Jørgensen, C., Cackett, E., Cadoux, F., Caïs, P., Caliandro, G., Campana, R., Campana, S., Capitanio, F., Casares, J., Casella, P., Castro Tirado, A., Cavazzuti, E., Cerda Duran, P., Chakrabarty, D., Château, F., Chenevez, J., Coker, J., Cole, R., Collura, A., Cornelisse, R., Courvoisier, T., Cros, A., Cumming, A., Cusumano, G., D'Ai', A., D'Elia, V., Del Monte, E., de Luca, A., de Martino, D., Dercksen, J., de Pasquale, M., De Rosa, A., Del Santo, M., Di Cosimo, S., Diebold, S., DI SALVO, T., Donnarumma, I., Drago, A., Durant, M., Emmanoulopoulos, D., Erkut, M., Esposito, P., Evangelista, Y., Fabian, A., Falanga, M., Favre, Y., Feldman, C., Ferrari, V., Ferrigno, C., Finger, M., Fraser, G., Frericks, M., Fuschino, F., Gabler, M., Galloway, D., Galvez Sanchez, J., Garcia Berro, E., Gendre, B., Gezari, S., Giles, A., Gilfanov, M., Giommi, P., Giovannini, G., Giroletti, M., Gogus, E., Goldwurm, A., Goluchová, K., Götz, D., Gouiffes, C., Grassi, M., Groot, P., Gschwender, M., Gualtieri, L., Guidorzi, C., Guy, L., Haas, D., Haensel, P., Hailey, M., Hansen, F., Hartmann, D., Haswell, C., Hebeler, K., Heger, A., Hermsen, W., Homan, J., Hornstrup, A., Hudec, R., Huovelin, J., Ingram, A., In't Zand, J., Israel, G., Iwasawa, K., Izzo, L., Jacobs, H., Jetter, F., Johannsen, T., Jonker, P., Josè, J., Kaaret, P., Kanbach, G., Karas, V., Karelin, D., Kataria, D., Keek, L., Kennedy, T., Klochkov, D., Kluzniak, W., Kokkotas, K., Korpela, S., Kouveliotou, C., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuiper, L., Kuvvetli, I., Labanti, C., Lai, D., Lamb, F., Laubert, P., Lebrun, F., Lin, D., Linder, D., Lodato, G., Longo, F., Lund, N., Maccarone, T., Macera, D., Maestre, S., Mahmoodifar, S., Maier, D., Malcovati, P., Mandel, I., Mangano, V., Manousakis, A., Marisaldi, M., Markowitz, A., Martindale, A., Matt, G., Mchardy, I., Melatos, A., Mendez, M., Mereghetti, S., Michalska, M., Migliari, S., Mignani, R., Miller, M., Miller, J., Mineo, T., Miniutti, G., Morsink, S., Motch, C., Motta, S., Mouchet, M., Mouret, G., Mulačová, J., Muleri, F., Muñoz Darias, T., Negueruela, I., Neilsen, J., Norton, A., Nowak, M., O'Brien, P., Olsen, P., Orienti, M., Orio, M., Orlandini, M., Orleański, P., Osborne, J., Osten, R., Ozel, F., Pacciani, L., Paolillo, M., Papitto, A., Paredes, J., Patruno, A., Paul, B., Perinati, E., Pellizzoni, A., Penacchioni, A., Perez, M., Petracek, V., Pittori, C., Pons, J., Portell, J., Possenti, A., Poutanen, J., Prakash, M., Le Provost, P., Psaltis, D., Rambaud, D., Ramon, P., Ramsay, G., Rapisarda, M., Rachevski, A., Rashevskaya, I., Ray, P., Rea, N., Reddy, S., Reig, P., Reina Aranda, M., Remillard, R., Reynolds, C., Rezzolla, L., Ribo, M., de la Rie, R., Riggio, A., Rios, A., Rodríguez Gil, P., Rodriguez, J., Rohlfs, R., Romano, P., Rossi, E., Rozanska, A., Rousseau, A., Ryde, F., Sabau Graziati, L., Sala, G., Salvaterra, R., Sanna, A., Sandberg, J., Scaringi, S., Schanne, S., Schee, J., Schmid, C., Shore, S., Schneider, R., Schwenk, A., Schwope, A., Seyler, J., Shearer, A., Smith, A., Smith, D., Smith, P., Sochora, V., Soffitta, P., Soleri, P., Spencer, A., Stappers, B., Steiner, A., Stergioulas, N., Stratta, G., Strohmayer, T., Stuchlik, Z., Suchy, S., Sulemainov, V., Takahashi, T., Tamburini, F., Tauris, T., Tenzer, C., Tolos, L., Tombesi, F., Tomsick, J., Torok, G., Torrejon, J., Torres, D., Tramacere, A., Trois, A., Turolla, R., Turriziani, S., Uter, P., Uttley, P., Vacchi, A., Varniere, P., Vaughan, S., Vercellone, S., Vrba, V., Walton, D., Watanabe, S., Wawrzaszek, R., Webb, N., Weinberg, N., Wende, H., Wheatley, P., Wijers, R., Wijnands, R., Wille, M., Wilson Hodge, C., Winter, B., Wood, K., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zampieri, L., Zdunik, L., Zdziarski, A., Zhang, B., Zwart, F., Ayre, M., Boenke, T., Corral van Damme, C., Kuulkers, E., Lumb, D., Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics (TRIUMF), Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman - UMR 8516 (LASIR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Astronomy, den Herder, J. W., Atteia, J. L., Bonnet Bidaud, J. M., Cadoux, F. R., Cais, P., Caliandro, G. A., Castro Tirado, A. J., D'Aì, A., De Luca, A., De Martino, D., Dercksen, J. P. C., De Pasquale, M., Di Salvo, T., Erkut, M. H., Finger, M. H., Fraser, G. W., Galloway, D. K., Galvez Sanchez, J. L., Giles, A. B., Hartmann, D. H., Haswell, C. A., in't Zand, J. J. M., Jacobs, H. M., Kuiper, L. M., Lamb, F. K., Laubert, P. P., Maccarone, T. J., Mchardy, I. M., Miller, M. C., Miller, J. M., Norton, A. J., Olsen, P. E. H., Orleanski, P., Osborne, J. P., Paolillo, Maurizio, Paredes, J. M., Penacchioni, A. V., Perez, M. A., Ray, P. S., Rossi, E. M. R., Schwope, A. D., Seyler, J. Y., Smith, D. M., Smith, P. J., Steiner, A. W., Strohmayer, T. E., Torrejon, J. M., Torres, D. F., and Wilson Hodge, C. A.

Subjects
x-ray and γ-ray instrumentation, compact objects, microchannel plates, X-ray detectors, X-ray imaging, X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray timing, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Applied Mathematics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Vision, Observatories, Field of view, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, neutron stars, Observatory, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, Equipment and services, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Steradian, [ SDU.ASTR.IM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, X-ray detector, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cosmic Vision, Spectral resolution, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, NO, microchannel plate, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, X-rays, compact object, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), dense hadronic matter, Sensors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Accretion (astrophysics), [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Neutron star, 13. Climate action, [ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Gamma-ray burst, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

The Large Observatory For x-ray Timing (LOFT) was studied within ESA M3 Cosmic Vision framework and participated in the final down-selection for a launch slot in 2022-2024. Thanks to the unprecedented combination of effective area and spectral resolution of its main instrument, LOFT will study the behaviour of matter under extreme conditions, such as the strong gravitational field in the innermost regions of accretion flows close to black holes and neutron stars, and the supra-nuclear densities in the interior of neutron stars. The science payload is based on a Large Area Detector (LAD, 10 m 2 effective area, 2-30 keV, 240 eV spectral resolution, 1 deg collimated field of view) and a WideField Monitor (WFM, 2-50 keV, 4 steradian field of view, 1 arcmin source location accuracy, 300 eV spectral resolution). The WFM is equipped with an on-board system for bright events (e.g. GRB) localization. The trigger time and position of these events are broadcast to the ground within 30 s from discovery. In this paper we present the status of the mission at the end of its Phase A study., Proc. SPIE 9144, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, 91442T

Published
2014

44. ACID PEPTIC DISEASE IN THE ELDERLY

Author

C. Mel Wilcox and Jeffrey D. Linder

Subjects
Aging, Peptic Ulcer, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Disease, Gastroenterology, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Health care, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Risk factor, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Esophageal disease, business.industry, Mortality rate, medicine.disease, United States, humanities, digestive system diseases, Gastroesophageal Reflux, GERD, Complication, business
Abstract

GERD and peptic ulcer disease are important diseases in the elderly. GERD presents similarly in the elderly and the young, although elderly patients may have less severe symptoms yet more severe mucosal disease and a higher prevalence of BE. Although the prevalence of H. pylori is falling, the elderly remain at risk for peptic ulcer because of the widespread use of NSAIDS. The presentation of peptic ulcer disease in the elderly can be subtle and atypical when compared with younger patients, leading to a delay in diagnosis. Because of comorbidity in the aged, peptic ulcer disease and its complications result in increased morbidity and mortality rates.

Published
2001

45. Cocaine-Associated Ischemic Colitis

Author

JEFFREY D. LINDER, KLAUS E. MÖNKEMÜLLER, ISAAC RAIJMAN, LAWRENCE JOHNSON, AUDREY J. LAZENBY, and C MEL WILCOX

Subjects
General Medicine
Published
2000

46. A submembranous matrix of proteoglycans on zymogen granule membranes is involved in granule formation in rat pancreatic acinar cells

Author

Ralf Kleene, D. Linder, Heidrun Dartsch, Horst-Franz Kern, and K. Schmidt

Subjects
Male, Glycan, Cytoplasmic Granules, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animals, Chondroitin sulfate, Rats, Wistar, Pancreas, chemistry.chemical_classification, Enzyme Precursors, biology, Granule (cell biology), Lectin, Intracellular Membranes, Cell Biology, Immunogold labelling, Zymogen granule, Molecular biology, Rats, Microscopy, Electron, Proteoglycan, chemistry, Biochemistry, biology.protein, Proteoglycans, Glycoprotein
Abstract

The secretory lectin ZG16p mediated the binding of aggregated zymogens to the granule membrane in pancreatic acinar cells. Using a recently established in vitro condensation-sorting assay, we now show that pretreatment of zymogen granule membranes (ZGM) with either sodium bicarbonate at pH 10 or with phosphatidyl inositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) reduced the binding efficiency of zymogens to the same extent, as distinct components were liberated from ZGM. Analysis of the composition of the bicarbonate extract revealed the presence of the secretory lectin ZG16p, the serpin ZG46p and the GPI-linked glycoprotein GP-2, together with several unknown proteins, and small amounts of lipase and carboxylester lipase. The unknown proteins detected in 2-D gels represented a group of acidic and basic protein spots, which were positive in a glycan staining reaction and were soluble in methanol. One protein spot of the acidic group and several of the basic group reacted with a monoclonal antibody directed against chondroitin sulfate, indicating that the proteins represented proteoglycans. A staining pattern similar to the glycan reaction was observed in immunoblots using a polyclonal antibody directed against the whole bicarbonate extract. Immunogold electron microscopy revealed that this antibody reacted with components in the periphery of zymogen granules and strongly stained ZGM in the pellet fraction of a standard in vitro condensation-sorting assay. The amino acid composition of isolated components of both the acidic and basic group showed similarities to aggrecan, a cartilage-specific proteoglycan, and to glycine-rich glycoproteins, respectively. We therefore conclude that a submembranous matrix on the ZGM composed of proteoglycans and glycoproteins is involved in granule formation in pancreatic acinar cells.

Published
2000

47. Bile duct obstruction after cholecystectomy caused by clips: undo what has been undone, then do what you normally do

Author

Paul R. Tarnasky, Stephen Cheng, Richard M. Dickerman, Jeffrey D. Linder, Rojan Jeyarajah, and Alejandro Mejia

Subjects
Adult, Common Bile Duct, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Bile duct, General surgery, medicine.medical_treatment, Gastroenterology, Cholestasis, Extrahepatic, Undo, Postoperative Complications, medicine.anatomical_structure, Humans, Medicine, Cholecystectomy, Female, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, CLIPS, business, computer, computer.programming_language
Published
2009

48. A Young Woman With Abdominal Pain

Author

Jeffrey D. Linder, Jason Schmidt, and Vincent C. Kuo

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Abdominal pain, Biopsy, medicine.medical_treatment, Endometriosis, MEDLINE, Colonoscopy, Young Adult, X ray computed, medicine, Endometriosis surgery, Cecal Diseases, Humans, Young adult, Colectomy, Hepatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Abdominal Pain, Female, Radiology, medicine.symptom, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business
Published
2015

49. Tu1680 MAnagement of Patients With Pancreatic Cysts Using Integrated Molecular Pathology

Author

Michael Golioto, Sandeep Patel, Michael Karasik, Emuejevoke Okoh, Ali A. Siddiqui, David E. Loren, Keith M. Callenberg, Damien Mallat, Brett Sadowski, Nadim Haddad, Mark J. Lybik, Jeffrey D. Linder, Marc F. Catalano, Thomas E. Kowalski, Mohammad A. Al-Haddad, Nidhi Malhotra, Sara A. Jackson, Howard Mertz, and Laura Rosenkranz

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Suspicious for Malignancy, business.industry, Gastroenterology, medicine.disease, Serous Cystadenoma, Malignancy, Cystic Neoplasm, Cytology, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, Pancreatic cysts, Differential diagnosis, business, Mucinous cystadenoma
Abstract

surgical resection had a diagnosis of malignancy. Conclusion: 1) Patients with pancreas mass lesions who have EUS FNA cytology results suspicious for malignancy have a 90% chance of subsequent malignancy confirmed. 2) Patients with pancreas mass lesions who have atypical EUS FNA cytology results have a 68% chance of subsequent malignancy confirmed. Furthermore, repeat EUS FNA is performed more often in patients with atypical cytology. 4) The percentages of patients who ultimately underwent a surgical operation were similar between the two groups. 5) Further research is needed to know the true risk of malignancy in indeterminate cytology groups. Tu1678 External Retrospective Validation of Needle-Based Confocal LASER Endomicroscopy (nCLE) Criteria for Pancreatic Cysts David L. Carr-Locke, Manoop S. Bhutani, Oleh Haluszka, Frank G. Gress, Kevin E. Woods, Bertrand Napoleon* Beth Israel, New York, NY; MD Anderson, Houston, TX; Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Columbia University, New York, NY; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Hopital Prive Jean Mermoz, Lyon, France Introduction: nCLE is an imaging technique, enabling microscopic observation of solid organs, in vivo and in real-time, during an EUS-FNA procedure. This technique could potentially provide useful information to establish a differential diagnosis between mucinous and non-mucinous neoplasms. A recent prospective multicenter French study, CONTACT (Needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) for the diagnosis of pancreatic cysts: validation of the described criteria, Napoleon et al., UEGW 2014, OP 282), assessed the diagnostic performance of nCLE for the diagnosis of pancreatic cysts. In this study, the nCLE specificity for serous cystadenoma (SCA), mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN), and pseudocyst were 100%, 95%, and 96% respectively. This US retrospective study aims at externally validating those results through a retrospective evaluation of the nCLE performance and the interobserver agreement for the characterization of pancreatic cysts. Materials and Methods: Five independent gastroenterologists conducted a blinded, individual, retrospective review of 31 nCLE sequences after a short training session on image interpretation delivered by an nCLE expert. Training consisted of a review of current nCLE criteria for each cyst type with corresponding sample sequences. The sequences then reviewed consisted of 13 serous cystadenomas, 6 mucinous cystadenomas, 5 IPMNs, and 7 pseudocysts. Their performance was compared to that of CONTACT reviewers. Results: Performance results are reported in table 1. Performance values obtained correlated with CONTACT results, especially for those sequences evaluated with “high confidence”. Interobserver agreement were kappa Z 0.71, 0.65, and 0.9 for SCA, MCN, and pseudocysts respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that after brief training on nCLE image interpretation criteria for the characterization of pancreatic lesions, a high level of performance can be achieved for the characterization of pancreatic lesions. This suggests that accurate interpretation of nCLE images for pancreatic cysts can be learned rapidly, with a high level of confidence in 72.6% of the cases.

Published
2015

50. Incomplete response to endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: evidence for a chronic pain disorder

Author

Jeffrey D. Linder, C. Mel Wilcox, Joshua C. Klapow, and Sheri D Linder

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Common Bile Duct Diseases, Pain, digestive system, Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic, medicine, Humans, In patient, Sphincter of Oddi, Aged, Pain Measurement, Hepatology, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Chronic pain, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, Anesthesia, Chronic Disease, Female, business
Abstract

The efficacy of endoscopic treatment of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) with endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) remains controversial. Although some studies have shown a positive impact on patient symptoms after treatment, these reports have been largely qualitative and evaluated on short-term response. The aim of our study was to quantitatively measure the long-term outcomes of endoscopic therapy in patients with SOD.Thirty-three patients with suspected SOD underwent selective sphincter of Oddi manometry (SOM) of the biliary and/or pancreatic sphincter. Each patient completed a telephone-based survey measuring symptomatic pain before and after SOM +/- ES. The questioner was blinded to the results of SOM. The patients with normal SOM or SOD but who did not undergo ES served as controls.Of these 33 patients (27 women, mean age 48.7 yr, range 13-74), 19 (57.5%) were found to have SOD (12 biliary, six pancreatic, one both). The average follow-up was 18.1 months (range 7-34). Of the patients with SOD, 17 (89%) underwent ES. At follow-up of the 19 patients undergoing ES, five were taking narcotics for persistent pain, two were taking antidepressants, and 15 identified the endoscopic therapy as the reason for their relief. Of the 14 controls, seven were taking narcotics, seven were taking antidepressants, and two identified the endoscopy as the reason for their relief; some patients were taking both antidepressants and narcotics.Patients found to have SOD who undergo ES are more likely to be improved on long-term follow-up when compared with patients with suspected SOD but normal manometry without ES. However, almost uniformly, despite ES, patients continue to have pain, which is consistent with most chronic pain disorders and which suggests a multifactorial cause for the pain.

Published
2003

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