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Your search keyword '"D. K. Arvind"' showing total 143 results
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143 results on '"D. K. Arvind"'

1. The FRESHAIR4Life study: Global implementation research on non-communicable disease prevention targeting adolescents’ exposure to tobacco and air pollution in disadvantaged populations

Author

Charlotte M. Hoffman, Anke Versluis, Sergiu Chirila, Bruce J. Kirenga, Amina Khan, Saima Saeed, Talant Sooronbaev, Ioanna Tsiligianni, D. K. Arvind, Linda C. Bauld, Floor A. van den Brand, Niels H. Chavannes, Hilary Pinnock, Pippa D. Powell, Jurjen van der Schans, Kamran Siddiqi, Siân Williams, and M. J. J. Rianne van der Kleij

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract The FRESHAIR4Life study aims to reduce the non-communicable disease (NCD) burden by implementing preventive interventions targeting adolescents’ exposure to tobacco use and air pollution (AP) worldwide. This paper presents the FRESHAIR4Life methodology and initial rapid review results. The rapid review, using various databases and PubMed, aimed to guide decision-making on risk factor focus, target areas, and populations. It showed variable NCD mortality rates related to tobacco use and AP across the participating countries, with tobacco as the main risk factor in the Kyrgyz Republic, Greece, and Romania, and AP prevailing in Pakistan and Uganda. Adolescent exposure levels, sources, and correlates varied. The study will continue with an in-depth situational analysis to guide the selection, adaptation, and integration of evidence-based interventions into the FRESHAIR4Life prevention package. This package will be implemented, evaluated, assessed for cost-effectiveness, and iteratively refined. The research places a strong emphasis on co-creation, capacity building, and comprehensive communication and dissemination.

Published
2024
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25. Particle Exposure Hazards of Visiting Outdoor Smoking Areas for Patients with Asthma or COPD Even in EU Countries with Comprehensive Smokefree Laws

Author

Sheila Keogan, Tamara Alonso, Salome Sunday, Joan Hanafin, Olena Tigova, Esteve Fernandez, Maria Jose Lopez, Silvano Gallus, Sean Semple, Anna Tzortzi, Roberto Boffi, Giuseppe Gorini, Angel Lopez-Nicolas, Cornel Radu-Loghin, D. K. Arvind, Joan B. Soriano, and Luke Clancy

Subjects
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, smokefree laws, COPD, asthma, particle exposure, sensors, outside areas
Abstract

Smokefree laws are intended to protect against second-hand smoke (SHS) in outdoor areas. We examined if exposure to PM2.5 particles in outdoor smoking areas changed breathing rates in 60 patients with asthma (n = 30) or with COPD (n = 30), in an open, non-randomised, interventional study model in Czechia, Ireland and Spain. The patients wore a PM2.5 particle monitor (AirSpeck) and a breath monitor (RESpeck) for 24 h to determine changes in breathing rates (Br) at rest and during a visit to an outside smoking area. Spirometry and breath CO were measured before and the day after visiting an outdoor smoking area. The PM2.5 levels at the 60 venues were highly variable, ranging from ≥2000 µg/m3 (in 4 premises) to ≤10 µg/m3 (in 3 premises, which had only a single wall in the structure). At 39 venues, the mean PM 2.5 levels were ≥25 µg/m3. The breathing rate changed significantly in 57 of the 60 patients, resulting in an increase in some patients and a decrease in others. Comprehensive smokefree laws were ineffective in protecting asthma and COPD patients from exposure to high levels of SHS in outside areas of pubs and terraces, which should be avoided by these patients. These findings also support the extension of smokefree laws to outside areas.

Published
2023

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