Search

This paper presents a time series simulation model (including energy storage systems) intended for the modeling of high penetration non-dispatchable renewable power in utility-scale (multi MW) networks. Its initial application was based on an investigation into the application of large-scale energy storage for offshore wind energy systems to the New England electrical grid. The model includes the following: (1) conventional generators (up to seven), (2) wind turbine generators, (3) solar photovoltaic (PV) generators, (4) energy storage and (5) various dispatch options. A detailed summary is presented for the individual components analytical models and the program structure. The program flow and generator dispatch options include: (i) basic, (ii) time of day, (iii) peak-shaving, plus (iv) minimum run time. In addition, several examples/case studies utilizing energy storage are given that illustrate the basic features of the model. The recommendations section details a number of suggestions for future improvements of the model, and what added exercises of the overall model that could be carried out. An overall conclusion of this work is that energy storage will become progressively more important when electrical networks loads are supplied with large amounts of wind and solar PV inputs. Stored energy equivalent to a few days of average load can have a significantly beneficial effect on reducing conventional fuel requirement. Additional storage is still useful but with diminishing returns. Supplying 100% of the load with wind/PV remains a challenge. The effect of partial correlation between spatially separated wind and PV generators can reduce the amount of storage that would otherwise be needed and merits further study.

Resume Introduction Decrire une technique de deconditionnement extemporane du bevacizumab pour les injections intravitreennes (IVT) et rapporter le taux d’endophtalmie apres IVT. Patients et methodes Analyse retrospective des cas d’endophtalmie apres IVT realisees dans la salle dediee de classe ISO 7 d’un etablissement de sante entre janvier 2010 et decembre 2014. Le bevacizumab a ete preleve a travers un mini-spike muni d’un filtre. L’operateur portait un masque et des gants steriles. L’infirmiere portait un masque. Le flacon de bevacizumab etait detruit apres chaque seance. Resultats Six mille deux cent trente-six IVT de bevacizumab ont ete realisees. Un cas d’endophtalmie est survenu (1/6236 ; 0,016 %). Pendant cette periode, 4 endophtalmies post-IVT d’autres produits ont ete notees (4/32 992 ; 0,012 % ; p = 0,8). Conclusion Le deconditionnement extemporane du bevacizumab a travers un mini-spike est une technique simple et sure qui peut faciliter l’utilisation du bevacizumab dans le traitement des pathologies retiniennes. Le risque d’infection post-IVT est tres faible.

In order for our nation to develop its vast offshore wind resource in a manner that respects the ocean environment and its many stakeholders, it is critical that we develop a coordinated, long-term strategic vision for advancing American innovation in this new industry. This vision is particularly relevant to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, which has, inter alia, set a target of 25% of its electricity needs supplied by renewable sources by 2030. In accordance with this goal the Commonwealth has also mandated that 1600 MW of offshore wind be installed by 2027. This has been followed by opening up of three leases in federal waters off Massachusetts, selected with the help of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. The Massachusetts Research Partnership (MRP) in Offshore Wind, launched with seed funds from the Massachusetts Clean Energy Center's Renewable Energy Trust, includes six Massachusetts academic and research institutions - Northeastern University, Tufts University, UMass Amherst, UMass Dartmouth, UMass Lowell and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The goal of the MRP is to develop a data driven multi-disciplinary system level framework for offshore wind research needed to galvanize academia, industry, stakeholders, and policy makers in order to create a resilient, low-risk, productive, and world-leading offshore wind infrastructure and portfolio of wind farms. The MRP was established to prepare a national research agenda that will align the efforts of federal, state, and other entities that share a vision for offshore wind, and suggest how stakeholders can collectively work together to further develop and support an effective national research program. The Wind Energy Center and the Clean Energy Extension program at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst have active education and research programs in the area of offshore wind. With the support of the MRP workshops on Development of a National Offshore Wind Research Agenda were held during 2016 – 17. These workshops mobilized key players in the New England area and beyond and set the stage for further collaboration. Working closely with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and other institutions, the Partnership for Offshore Wind Energy Research (POWER-US) initiative was recently formed. POWER-US will develop national collaboration that will accelerate the growth of the nascent offshore wind industry in the US. This paper will talk about the initiatives that are currently in progress in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, including findings from the MRP workshops on Development of a National Offshore Wind Energy Research Agenda, and ongoing research and development initiatives that support development of the supply chain for the offshore wind industry in the Commonwealth and in New England.

The aim of this investigation was to determine if the rapid solvent removal evaporation that occurs during electrospinning enabled the gluten protein and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) chains to remain at least partially entangled in the final product. Natural and synthetic biopolymer blends are known to phase separate in the melt. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to test our hypothesis, which we achieved by systematically comparing the thermal profiles of the nonwoven fibrous sheets comprising: 1) 100% commercial wheat gluten, 2) 100% PVOH, and 3) the (75/25) wheat gluten/PVOH blend. The DSC scans of the two PVOH-containing, nonwoven fibrous sheets exhibited differences in the characteristics and positions of the melting peaks (Tm) of the PVOH crystalline phase, while the DSC scans of the nonwoven fibrous sheets comprising either 100% commercial wheat gluten or the wheat gluten/PVOH blend yielded neither a measurable glass transition temperature (Tg) nor a Tm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (...

The present work investigates the effects of hydroxyl end groups on the electrospinning behavior of wheat gluten protein. We focus upon the impact of both a low molecular weight additive (a star-branched polyol: ethoxylated trimethylolpropane) and a high molecular weight additive (a synthetic biodegradable polymer: poly(vinyl alcohol) on the ability to form electrospun fibers from wheat gluten. The presence of the star-branched polyol in the system appears to impede the formation of molecular entanglements and intermolecular disulfide bridges required for fiber formation, while the addition of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) to the system leads to a significant increase in the overall number of physical chain entanglements required for fiber formation. The mechanical testing data support the overriding importance of physical chain entanglements as larger amounts of PVOH are combined with wheat gluten. The tensile strength of the wheat gluten-based electrospun fibrous mats, which, increased by an order of magnitude upon adding 13% (w/w) PVOH to the electrospinning solution, resulted in a rapid increase in the measured toughness at 26% (w/w) PVOH. The corresponding scanning electron micrographs reveal that the addition of PVOH to the gluten system results in the formation of flat, ribbonlike fibers. Dough mixograms were also collected to further elucidate the effect of additional hydroxyl groups on the interactions between the gluten protein chains. Evidence reveals that in the high-concentration, doughy regime, a small fraction of the protein–water interactions are replaced by favorable polyol–protein interactions; however, in the dilute-concentration regime, these favorable polyol–protein interactions appear to develop at the expense of disulfide bond formation, a requirement for obtaining fibers via electrospinning.

To describe a technique for extemporaneously drawing up bevacizumab for intravitreal injection (IVT) and report the rate of post-injection endophthtalmitis.Retrospective monocentric analysis (January 2010-December 2014) of all IVT of bevacizumab drawn up with the following technique: in the operating room (class ISO 7) through a mini-spike with an integrated bacteria retentive air filter. The surgeon was wearing sterile gloves and a mask. The assisting nurse wore a mask. The bevacizumab vial was discarded at the end of each session.Six thousand two hundred and thirty-six bevacizumab injections were performed. One case of endophthalmitis was noted (0.016%). During the same period, 4 cases of endophthalmitis were found after IVT of other drugs (4/32,992; 0.012%. P=0.8).Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab after extemporaneous withdrawal through a mini-spike filter is a simple and safe technique. The risk of postoperative endophthalmitis is very low. This simple technique facilitates access to compounded bevacizumab.

This paper deals with the physical and environmental effects resulting from oceanic impacts by sizable comets, and the rates and risks associated with such cosmic impacts. Specifically, we investigate two sets of probable oceanic impact events that occurred within the last 5,000 years, one in the Indian Ocean about 2800 BC, and the other in the Gulf of Carpentaria (Australia) about AD 536. If validated, they would be the most energetic natural catastrophes occurring during the middle-to-late Holocene with large-scale environmental and historical human effects and consequences. The physical evidence for these two impacts consists of several sets of data: (1) remarkable depositional traces of coastal flooding in dunes (chevron dunes) found in southern Madagascar and along the coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria, (2) the presence of crater candidates (29-km Burckle crater about 1,500 km southeast of Madagascar which dates to within the last 6,000 years and 18-km Kanmare and 12-km Tabban craters with an estimated age of AD 572±86 in the southeast corner of the Gulf of Carpentaria), and (3) the presence of quench textured magnetite spherules and nearly pure carbon spherules, teardrop-shaped tektites with trails of ablation, and vitreous material found by cutting-edge laboratory analytical techniques in the upper-most layer of core samples close to the crater candidates. Although some propose a wind-blown origin for V-shaped chevron dunes that are widely distributed around the coastlines of the Indian Ocean and in the Gulf of Carpentaria, we have evidence in favor of their mega tsunami formation. In southern Madagascar we have documented evidence for tsunami wave run-up reaching 205 m above sea-level and penetrating up to 45 km inland along the strike of the chevron axis. Subtly the orientation of the dunes is not aligned to the prevailing wind direction, but to the path of refracted mega-tsunami originating from Burckle impact crater. The results of our study show that substantive oceanic comet impacts not only have occurred more recently than modeled by astrophysicists, but also that they have profoundly affected Earth’s natural systems, climate, and human societies. If validated, they could potentially lead to a major paradigm shift in environmental science by recognizing the role of oceanic impacts in major climate downturns during the middle-to-late Holocene that have been well documented already by different techniques (tree-ring anomalies, ice-, lake- and peat bog-cores).

The clinical reliability of torque range of motion (TROM) has not been tested. This preliminary review was performed to determine the intra- and interrater reliability of TROM. The proximal interphalangeal joints of the index and middle fingers of 14 normal subjects, 56 digits, were tested by applying extension forces of 200 g, 400 g, 600 g, and 800 g. Data were collected using both the hand-held Haldex orthotic gauge with the dial goniometer (manual) and the cantilever-beam force transducer and electrogoniometer (digital) as testing instruments. The testing order of digits, sides, and devices was randomized and tested separately by three different test teams. Results of the analysis of variance showed a significant difference of the means between raters at all force levels (p0.0001) and between instruments at 600-g and 800-g forces (p0.01). The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient test, used to test the consistency, resulted in moderate consistency of measures of intrarater reliability between trials, and between instruments used (digital and manual). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated with results that were nearly identical to those of the Pearson. Intrarater reliability was in more consistent agreement at the 600-g and 800-g levels. There was significantly high agreement between the tests of tester B, compared with moderate correlations of the tests of testers A and C.

This report summarizes the results of investigation the oceanographic expedition aboard the F/S METEOR in South Atlantic Ocean including the Drake Passage, the northern Weddell Sea and the eastern South Atlantic during the austral summer of January through March 1990. The total CO{sub 2} concentration in about 1300 seawater samples and CO{sub 2} partial pressure (pCO{sub 2}) in about 870 seawater samples collected at 77 stations were determined aboard the ship using a coulometer and equilibrator/gas chromatograph system. The temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and nutrient salt data presented in this report were determined by other participants of the expedition including the members of the Oceanographic Data Facility of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Argentine Hydrographic Office and German institutions.

This report summarizes the results of investigation the oceanographic expedition aboard the F/S METEOR in South Atlantic Ocean including the Drake Passage, the northern Weddell Sea and the eastern South Atlantic during the austral summer of January through March 1990. The total CO{sub 2} concentration in about 1300 seawater samples and CO{sub 2} partial pressure (pCO{sub 2}) in about 870 seawater samples collected at 77 stations were determined aboard the ship using a coulometer and equilibrator/gas chromatograph system. The temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and nutrient salt data presented in this report were determined by other participants of the expedition including the members of the Oceanographic Data Facility of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Argentine Hydrographic Office and German institutions.

Aragonite mineralization was observed in serpentinized peridotites from the Romanche and Vema Fracture Zones in the Atlantic and the Owen Fracture Zone in the Indian Ocean, either in veins or as radial aggregates in cavities within the serpentinites. Evidence of incipient dissolution of the aragonite crystals was observed in one case. The aragonites tend to have lower Mg content ( 0.95%) relative to other marine aragonites. Their 18 O 16 O , 13 C 12 C and 87 Sr 86 Sr isotopic ratios suggest the aragonite was deposited at ocean floor temperatures from solutions derived from sea water circulating in fissures and fractures within the ultramafic rocks. The 18 O 16 O ratios of the serpentines indicate serpentinization occurred at higher temperatures, probably deeper in the crust. Low-T reactions between circulating seawater and Mg-silicates (primarily serpentine and pyroxenes) caused high pH and enrichment of Mg and Ca in the solution, conditions favoring carbonate precipitation. Aragonite was formed rather than calcite presumably because the high Mg2+ concentration in the solution inhibited calcite precipitation. The high Sr content of the aragonites is probably related, at least in part, to their low temperature of formation. Opaque mineral grains containing over 8% NiO and over 40% MnO were observed concentrated along the margins of some of the aragonite veins, suggesting that Ni is one of the elements mobilized during reactions between ultramafic rocks and circulating seawater.

A deposit consisting almost exclusively of the Mg-silicate sepiolite has been sampled from the Owen transform zone in the western Indian Ocean. This deposit is associated with basaltic, gabbroic and ultramafic rocks. On the basis of major, trace and rare earth elemental composition, strontium and oxygen isotopic ratios, as well as of theoretical considerations, the sepiolite deposit appears to have formed neither from seawater nor from solutions resulting from the interaction of seawater with the basaltic crust. Interaction of ultramafic rocks with seawater circulating in the crust, particularly in transform zones, may produce solutions which at low temperature (

The incorporation of [14C]uridine into RNA by cultured rat epididymal tubules was tested after different times in culture. Incorporation after 3 days in culture was twice that found after 1 day in culture, and reached a maximum after 5 days. The presence of androgen in the culture medium for a 3-day period produced significant stimulation of [14C]uridine incorporation into RNA. 10 μM Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or testosterone (T) caused 52 and 68% increases, respectively. 0.1 μM DHT enhanced incorporation by 79%. The effects of androgens became detectable only 10 hours after the addition of the hormone. Neither estradiol-17s, progesterone nor corticosterone was able to mimic the effect of DHT or T, while 10 μM 5α-androstane-3α-17s-diol produced a 40% stimulation ofuridine uptake. The effect of 10 μM DHT was blocked by the simultaneous presence of 0.1 mM cyproterone acetate.Fetal calf serum contains 0.35 ng T/ml. When the culture media were prepared with charcoal-treated serum in which T is undetectable by ...