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Aims: This aims of this study was to synthesis new quinoxaline-based heterocycles and study its antibacterial properties. Objective: This study was designed to synthesis some 3-methyl-6-nitroquinoxaline-2-one with hydrazine moiety, characterize the synthesized compounds, and study their antibacterial properties on some bacterial strains. Materials and Methods: Six 3-methylquinoxaline-2-hydrazone derivatives were synthesized by reacting 2-hydrazinyl-3-methyl-6-nitroquinoxaline with various substituted acetophenones. The hydrazones were screened for their potential antibacterial properties. Results: All the test compounds were found to possessed promising antibacterial properties against a panel of bacterial strains screened for this study. The MIC values exhibited by these compounds ranged between 0.0313 and 0.250 mg/mL. The lowest MBC of the compounds against the test organism was 0.0625 mg/mL while the highest MBC was 0.250 mg/mL. Discussion and Conclusion: The study concluded that all the compounds exhibited appreciable bactericidal effects against all the bacterial strains, which is an indication that such synthetic compounds possessed broad spectrum activities and such compounds could be useful in formulation of antibacterial compounds which could be used to mitigates infections caused by pathogens that are now developing resistance against the available antibiotics.

Aims: This aims of this study was to continue the effort to synthesis new quinoxaline-based heterocycles and study its antibacterial properties. Objective: This study was designed to reacts 3,6-dimethylquinoxaline-2-hydrazine with some substituted aromatic ketones and study their antibacterial properties on some locally and clinically isolated bacterial strains. Materials and Methods: Five 3,6-dimethylquinoxaline-2-hydrazone derivatives were synthesized from the reactions of 3,6-dimethylquinoxaline-2-hydrazine with various substituted aromatic ketones. The products were then tested for their potential antibacterial properties. Results: All the synthesized compounds were found to be active against all the bacterial strains investigated in this study. It was observed that the zones of inhibition observed for the synthesized compounds against the test organisms ranged between 15 mm and 38 mm. The MIC observed for the synthesized compounds ranged between 0.0313mg/mL and 0.125 mg/mL, while that of the standard antibiotic, streptomycin, varied between 0.0313 mg/mL and 0.500 mg/mL and those observed for tetracycline falls between 0.0313 mg/mL and 0.500 mg/mL. The minimum bactericidal concentrations exhibited by the synthesized compounds ranged between 0.0625 mg/mL and 0.250 mg/mL Discussion and conclusion: The study concluded that all the compounds exhibited appreciable bactericidal effects against all the bacterial strains, which is an indication that such synthetic compounds possessed broad spectrum activities and such compounds could be useful in formulation of antibacterial compounds which could be used to mitigates infections caused by pathogens that are now developing resistance against the available antibiotics.

The in vitro antibacterial activity of crude methanolic extract of the seeds of Garcinia kola was investigated. The extracts exhibited antibacterial activities with zones of inhibition ranging from 10 mm to 25 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the diethyl ether fraction was between 0.313 and 5.0 mg/ml, while that of butanol fraction varied from 0.157 to 5.0 mg/ml. The butanol fraction killed about 77% of Bacillus anthracis and 79% of Escherichia coli cells within 120 min at a concentration of 5.0 mg/ml. Protein leakage from the B. anthracis and E. coli cells when exposed to the butanol and diethyl ether fractions was observed. We conclude that Garcinia kola seed extract has a broad spectrum antibacterial activity, with the butanol and diethyl ether fractions being bactericidal as exemplified by the killing rate and protein leakage regimes, which suggest cell membrane disruption as a mechanism of action of the extract.