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1. Reconstruction of 400 GeV/c proton interactions with the SHiP-charm project

Author

SHiP Collaboration, C. Ahdida, A. Akmete, R. Albanese, A. Alexandrov, F. Alicante, J. Alt, S. Aoki, G. Arduini, J. J. Back, F. Baaltasar Dos Santos, F. Bardou, G. J. Barker, M. Battistin, J. Bauche, A. Bay, V. Bayliss, C. Betancourt, I. Bezshyiko, O. Bezshyyko, D. Bick, S. Bieschke, A. Blanco, J. Boehm, M. Bogomilov, I. Boiarska, K. Bondarenko, W. M. Bonivento, J. Borburgh, A. Boyarsky, R. Brenner, D. Breton, A. Brignoli, V. Büscher, A. Buonaura, S. Buontempo, S. Cadeddu, M. Calviani, M. Campanelli, M. Casolino, D. Centanni, N. Charitonidis, P. Chau, J. Chauveau, K.-Y. Choi, A. Chumakov, V. Cicero, M. Climescu, A. Conaboy, L. Congedo, K. Cornelis, M. Cristinziani, A. Crupano, G. M. Dallavalle, A. Datwyler, N. D’Ambrosio, G. D’Appollonio, R. de Asmundis, J. De Carvalho Saraiva, G. De Lellis, M. de Magistris, A. De Roeck, M. De Serio, D. De Simone, A. Di Crescenzo, L. Di Giulio, C. Dib, H. Dijkstra, L. A. Dougherty, V. Drohan, A. Dubreuil, O. Durhan, M. Ehlert, E. Elikkaya, F. Fabbri, F. Fedotovs, M. Ferrillo, M. Ferro-Luzzi, R. A. Fini, H. Fischer, P. Fonte, C. Franco, M. Fraser, R. Fresa, R. Froeschl, T. Fukuda, G. Galati, J. Gall, L. Gatignon, V. Gentile, B. Goddard, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, A. Golutvin, P. Gorbounov, V. Gorkavenko, A. L. Grandchamp, E. Graverini, J.-L. Grenard, D. Grenier, A. M. Guler, G. J. Haefeli, C. Hagner, H. Hakobyan, I. W. Harris, E. van Herwijnen, C. Hessler, A. Hollnagel, B. Hosseini, G. Iaselli, A. Iuliano, R. Jacobsson, D. Joković, M. Jonker, I. Kadenko, V. Kain, B. Kaiser, C. Kamiscioglu, K. Kershaw, G. Khoriauli, Y. G. Kim, N. Kitagawa, J.-W. Ko, K. Kodama, D. I. Kolev, M. Komatsu, A. Kono, S. Kormannshaus, I. Korol, A. Korzenev, V. Kostyukhin, E. Koukovini Platia, S. Kovalenko, H. M. Lacker, M. Lamont, O. Lantwin, A. Lauria, K. S. Lee, K. Y. Lee, N. Leonardo, J.-M. Lévy, V. P. Loschiavo, L. Lopes, E. Lopez Sola, F. Lyons, V. Lyubovitskij, J. Maalmi, A.-M. Magnan, Y. Manabe, M. Manfredi, S. Marsh, A. M. Marshall, P. Mermod, A. Miano, S. Mikado, A. Mikulenko, D. A. Milstead, A. Montanari, M. C. Montesi, K. Morishima, Y. Muttoni, N. Naganawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, P. Ninin, A. Nishio, S. Ogawa, J. Osborne, M. Ovchynnikov, N. Owtscharenko, P. H. Owen, P. Pacholek, B. D. Park, A. Pastore, M. Patel, A. Perillo-Marcone, G. L. Petkov, K. Petridis, J. Prieto Prieto, A. Prota, A. Quercia, A. Rademakers, A. Rakai, T. Rawlings, F. Redi, A. Reghunath, S. Ricciardi, M. Rinaldesi, Volodymyr Rodin, Viktor Rodin, P. Robbe, A. B. Rodrigues Cavalcante, H. Rokujo, T. Rovelli, O. Ruchayskiy, T. Ruf, F. Sanchez Galan, P. Santos Diaz, A. Sanz Ull, O. Sato, J. S. Schliwinski, W. Schmidt-Parzefall, M. Schumann, N. Serra, S. Sgobba, O. Shadura, M. Shaposhnikov, L. Shchutska, H. Shibuya, L. Shihora, S. Shirobokov, S. B. Silverstein, S. Simone, R. Simoniello, G. Soares, J. Y. Sohn, A. Sokolenko, E. Solodko, L. Stoel, M. E. Stramaglia, D. Sukhonos, Y. Suzuki, S. Takahashi, J. L. Tastet, I. Timiryasov, V. Tioukov, D. Tommasini, M. Torii, N. Tosi, D. Treille, R. Tsenov, G. Vankova-Kirilova, F. Vannucci, P. Venkova, V. Venturi, S. Vilchinski, Heinz Vincke, Helmut Vincke, C. Visone, S. van Waasen, R. Wanke, P. Wertelaers, O. Williams, J.-K. Woo, M. Wurm, S. Xella, D. Yilmaz, A. U. Yilmazer, C. S. Yoon, and J. Zimmerman

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The SHiP-charm project was proposed to measure the associated charm production induced by 400 GeV/c protons in a thick target, including the contribution from cascade production. An optimisation run was performed in July 2018 at CERN SPS using a hybrid setup. The high resolution of nuclear emulsions acting as vertex detector was complemented by electronic detectors for kinematic measurements and muon identification. Here we present first results on the analysis of nuclear emulsions exposed in the 2018 run, which prove the capability of reconstructing proton interaction vertices in a harsh environment, where the signal is largely dominated by secondary particles produced in hadronic and electromagnetic showers within the lead target.

Published
2024
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2. The SHiP experiment at the proposed CERN SPS Beam Dump Facility

Author

C. Ahdida, A. Akmete, R. Albanese, J. Alt, A. Alexandrov, A. Anokhina, S. Aoki, G. Arduini, E. Atkin, N. Azorskiy, J. J. Back, A. Bagulya, F. Baaltasar Dos Santos, A. Baranov, F. Bardou, G. J. Barker, M. Battistin, J. Bauche, A. Bay, V. Bayliss, A. Y. Berdnikov, Y. A. Berdnikov, C. Betancourt, I. Bezshyiko, O. Bezshyyko, D. Bick, S. Bieschke, A. Blanco, J. Boehm, M. Bogomilov, I. Boiarska, K. Bondarenko, W. M. Bonivento, J. Borburgh, A. Boyarsky, R. Brenner, D. Breton, A. Brignoli, V. Büscher, A. Buonaura, S. Buontempo, S. Cadeddu, M. Calviani, M. Campanelli, M. Casolino, N. Charitonidis, P. Chau, J. Chauveau, A. Chepurnov, M. Chernyavskiy, K.-Y. Choi, A. Chumakov, M. Climescu, A. Conaboy, L. Congedo, K. Cornelis, M. Cristinziani, A. Crupano, G. M. Dallavalle, A. Datwyler, N. D’Ambrosio, G. D’Appollonio, R. de Asmundis, J. De Carvalho Saraiva, G. De Lellis, M. de Magistris, A. De Roeck, M. De Serio, D. De Simone, L. Dedenko, P. Dergachev, A. Di Crescenzo, L. Di Giulio, C. Dib, H. Dijkstra, V. Dmitrenko, L. A. Dougherty, A. Dolmatov, S. Donskov, V. Drohan, A. Dubreuil, O. Durhan, M. Ehlert, E. Elikkaya, T. Enik, A. Etenko, O. Fedin, F. Fedotovs, M. Ferrillo, M. Ferro-Luzzi, K. Filippov, R. A. Fini, H. Fischer, P. Fonte, C. Franco, M. Fraser, R. Fresa, R. Froeschl, T. Fukuda, G. Galati, J. Gall, L. Gatignon, G. Gavrilov, V. Gentile, B. Goddard, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, A. Golovatiuk, V. Golovtsov, D. Golubkov, A. Golutvin, P. Gorbounov, D. Gorbunov, S. Gorbunov, V. Gorkavenko, M. Gorshenkov, V. Grachev, A. L. Grandchamp, E. Graverini, J.-L. Grenard, D. Grenier, V. Grichine, N. Gruzinskii, A. M. Guler, Yu. Guz, G. J. Haefeli, C. Hagner, H. Hakobyan, I. W. Harris, E. van Herwijnen, C. Hessler, A. Hollnagel, B. Hosseini, M. Hushchyn, G. Iaselli, A. Iuliano, R. Jacobsson, D. Joković, M. Jonker, I. Kadenko, V. Kain, B. Kaiser, C. Kamiscioglu, D. Karpenkov, K. Kershaw, M. Khabibullin, E. Khalikov, G. Khaustov, G. Khoriauli, A. Khotyantsev, Y. G. Kim, V. Kim, N. Kitagawa, J.-W. Ko, K. Kodama, A. Kolesnikov, D. I. Kolev, V. Kolosov, M. Komatsu, A. Kono, N. Konovalova, S. Kormannshaus, I. Korol, I. Korol’ko, A. Korzenev, E. Koukovini Platia, S. Kovalenko, I. Krasilnikova, Y. Kudenko, E. Kurbatov, P. Kurbatov, V. Kurochka, E. Kuznetsova, H. M. Lacker, M. Lamont, O. Lantwin, A. Lauria, K. S. Lee, K. Y. Lee, N. Leonardo, J.-M. Lévy, V. P. Loschiavo, L. Lopes, E. Lopez Sola, F. Lyons, V. Lyubovitskij, J. Maalmi, A.-M. Magnan, V. Maleev, A. Malinin, Y. Manabe, A. K. Managadze, M. Manfredi, S. Marsh, A. M. Marshall, A. Mefodev, P. Mermod, A. Miano, S. Mikado, Yu. Mikhaylov, A. Mikulenko, D. A. Milstead, O. Mineev, M. C. Montesi, K. Morishima, S. Movchan, Y. Muttoni, N. Naganawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, S. Nasybulin, P. Ninin, A. Nishio, B. Obinyakov, S. Ogawa, N. Okateva, J. Osborne, M. Ovchynnikov, N. Owtscharenko, P. H. Owen, P. Pacholek, B. D. Park, A. Pastore, M. Patel, D. Pereyma, A. Perillo-Marcone, G. L. Petkov, K. Petridis, A. Petrov, D. Podgrudkov, V. Poliakov, N. Polukhina, J. Prieto Prieto, M. Prokudin, A. Prota, A. Quercia, A. Rademakers, A. Rakai, F. Ratnikov, T. Rawlings, F. Redi, A. Reghunath, S. Ricciardi, M. Rinaldesi, Volodymyr Rodin, Viktor Rodin, P. Robbe, A. B. Rodrigues Cavalcante, T. Roganova, H. Rokujo, G. Rosa, O. Ruchayskiy, T. Ruf, V. Samoylenko, V. Samsonov, F. Sanchez Galan, P. Santos Diaz, A. Sanz Ull, O. Sato, E. S. Savchenko, J. S. Schliwinski, W. Schmidt-Parzefall, M. Schumann, N. Serra, S. Sgobba, O. Shadura, A. Shakin, M. Shaposhnikov, P. Shatalov, T. Shchedrina, L. Shchutska, V. Shevchenko, H. Shibuya, L. Shihora, S. Shirobokov, A. Shustov, S. B. Silverstein, S. Simone, R. Simoniello, M. Skorokhvatov, S. Smirnov, G. Soares, J. Y. Sohn, A. Sokolenko, E. Solodko, N. Starkov, L. Stoel, M. E. Stramaglia, D. Sukhonos, Y. Suzuki, S. Takahashi, J. L. Tastet, P. Teterin, S. Than Naing, I. Timiryasov, V. Tioukov, D. Tommasini, M. Torii, D. Treille, R. Tsenov, S. Ulin, E. Ursov, A. Ustyuzhanin, Z. Uteshev, L. Uvarov, G. Vankova-Kirilova, F. Vannucci, P. Venkova, V. Venturi, I. Vidulin, S. Vilchinski, Heinz Vincke, Helmut Vincke, C. Visone, K. Vlasik, A. Volkov, R. Voronkov, S. van Waasen, R. Wanke, P. Wertelaers, O. Williams, J.-K. Woo, M. Wurm, S. Xella, D. Yilmaz, A. U. Yilmazer, C. S. Yoon, Yu. Zaytsev, A. Zelenov, J. Zimmerman, and SHiP Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) Collaboration has proposed a general-purpose experimental facility operating in beam-dump mode at the CERN SPS accelerator to search for light, feebly interacting particles. In the baseline configuration, the SHiP experiment incorporates two complementary detectors. The upstream detector is designed for recoil signatures of light dark matter (LDM) scattering and for neutrino physics, in particular with tau neutrinos. It consists of a spectrometer magnet housing a layered detector system with high-density LDM/neutrino target plates, emulsion-film technology and electronic high-precision tracking. The total detector target mass amounts to about eight tonnes. The downstream detector system aims at measuring visible decays of feebly interacting particles to both fully reconstructed final states and to partially reconstructed final states with neutrinos, in a nearly background-free environment. The detector consists of a 50 $$\mathrm { \,m}$$ m long decay volume under vacuum followed by a spectrometer and particle identification system with a rectangular acceptance of 5 m in width and 10 m in height. Using the high-intensity beam of 400 $$\,\mathrm {GeV}$$ GeV protons, the experiment aims at profiting from the $$4\times 10^{19}$$ 4 × 10 19 protons per year that are currently unexploited at the SPS, over a period of 5–10 years. This allows probing dark photons, dark scalars and pseudo-scalars, and heavy neutral leptons with GeV-scale masses in the direct searches at sensitivities that largely exceed those of existing and projected experiments. The sensitivity to light dark matter through scattering reaches well below the dark matter relic density limits in the range from a few $${\mathrm {\,MeV\!/}c^2}$$ MeV / c 2 up to 100 MeV-scale masses, and it will be possible to study tau neutrino interactions with unprecedented statistics. This paper describes the SHiP experiment baseline setup and the detector systems, together with performance results from prototypes in test beams, as it was prepared for the 2020 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics. The expected detector performance from simulation is summarised at the end.

Published
2022
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3. Sensitivity of the SHiP experiment to dark photons decaying to a pair of charged particles

Author

SHiP Collaboration, C. Ahdida, A. Akmete, R. Albanese, A. Alexandrov, A. Anokhina, S. Aoki, G. Arduini, E. Atkin, N. Azorskiy, J. J. Back, A. Bagulya, F. Baaltasar Dos Santos, A. Baranov, F. Bardou, G. J. Barker, M. Battistin, J. Bauche, A. Bay, V. Bayliss, G. Bencivenni, A. Y. Berdnikov, Y. A. Berdnikov, M. Bertani, C. Betancourt, I. Bezshyiko, O. Bezshyyko, D. Bick, S. Bieschke, A. Blanco, J. Boehm, M. Bogomilov, I. Boiarska, K. Bondarenko, W. M. Bonivento, J. Borburgh, A. Boyarsky, R. Brenner, D. Breton, V. Büscher, A. Buonaura, S. Buontempo, S. Cadeddu, A. Calcaterra, M. Calviani, M. Campanelli, M. Casolino, N. Charitonidis, P. Chau, J. Chauveau, A. Chepurnov, M. Chernyavskiy, K.-Y. Choi, A. Chumakov, P. Ciambrone, V. Cicero, L. Congedo, K. Cornelis, M. Cristinziani, A. Crupano, G. M. Dallavalle, A. Datwyler, N. D’Ambrosio, G. D’Appollonio, R. de Asmundis, J. De Carvalho Saraiva, G. De Lellis, M. de Magistris, A. De Roeck, M. De Serio, D. De Simone, L. Dedenko, P. Dergachev, A. Di Crescenzo, L. Di Giulio, N. Di Marco, C. Dib, H. Dijkstra, V. Dmitrenko, L. A. Dougherty, A. Dolmatov, D. Domenici, S. Donskov, V. Drohan, A. Dubreuil, O. Durhan, M. Ehlert, E. Elikkaya, T. Enik, A. Etenko, F. Fabbri, O. Fedin, F. Fedotovs, G. Felici, M. Ferrillo, M. Ferro-Luzzi, K. Filippov, R. A. Fini, P. Fonte, C. Franco, M. Fraser, R. Fresa, R. Froeschl, T. Fukuda, G. Galati, J. Gall, L. Gatignon, G. Gavrilov, V. Gentile, B. Goddard, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, A. Golovatiuk, V. Golovtsov, D. Golubkov, A. Golutvin, P. Gorbounov, D. Gorbunov, S. Gorbunov, V. Gorkavenko, M. Gorshenkov, V. Grachev, A. L. Grandchamp, E. Graverini, J.-L. Grenard, D. Grenier, V. Grichine, N. Gruzinskii, A. M. Guler, Yu. Guz, G. J. Haefeli, C. Hagner, H. Hakobyan, I. W. Harris, E. van Herwijnen, C. Hessler, A. Hollnagel, B. Hosseini, M. Hushchyn, G. Iaselli, A. Iuliano, R. Jacobsson, D. Joković, M. Jonker, I. Kadenko, V. Kain, B. Kaiser, C. Kamiscioglu, D. Karpenkov, K. Kershaw, M. Khabibullin, E. Khalikov, G. Khaustov, G. Khoriauli, A. Khotyantsev, Y. G. Kim, V. Kim, N. Kitagawa, J.-W. Ko, K. Kodama, A. Kolesnikov, D. I. Kolev, V. Kolosov, M. Komatsu, A. Kono, N. Konovalova, S. Kormannshaus, I. Korol, I. Korol’ko, A. Korzenev, V. Kostyukhin, E. Koukovini Platia, S. Kovalenko, I. Krasilnikova, Y. Kudenko, E. Kurbatov, P. Kurbatov, V. Kurochka, E. Kuznetsova, H. M. Lacker, M. Lamont, G. Lanfranchi, O. Lantwin, A. Lauria, K. S. Lee, K. Y. Lee, N. Leonardo, J.-M. Lévy, V. P. Loschiavo, L. Lopes, E. Lopez Sola, V. Lyubovitskij, J. Maalmi, A.-M. Magnan, V. Maleev, A. Malinin, Y. Manabe, A. K. Managadze, M. Manfredi, S. Marsh, A. M. Marshall, A. Mefodev, P. Mermod, A. Miano, S. Mikado, Yu. Mikhaylov, D. A. Milstead, O. Mineev, A. Montanari, M. C. Montesi, K. Morishima, S. Movchan, Y. Muttoni, N. Naganawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, S. Nasybulin, P. Ninin, A. Nishio, B. Obinyakov, S. Ogawa, N. Okateva, B. Opitz, J. Osborne, M. Ovchynnikov, N. Owtscharenko, P. H. Owen, P. Pacholek, A. Paoloni, B. D. Park, A. Pastore, M. Patel, D. Pereyma, A. Perillo-Marcone, G. L. Petkov, K. Petridis, A. Petrov, D. Podgrudkov, V. Poliakov, N. Polukhina, J. Prieto Prieto, M. Prokudin, A. Prota, A. Quercia, A. Rademakers, A. Rakai, F. Ratnikov, T. Rawlings, F. Redi, S. Ricciardi, M. Rinaldesi, Volodymyr Rodin, Viktor Rodin, P. Robbe, A. B. Rodrigues Cavalcante, T. Roganova, H. Rokujo, G. Rosa, T. Rovelli, O. Ruchayskiy, T. Ruf, V. Samoylenko, V. Samsonov, F. Sanchez Galan, P. Santos Diaz, A. Sanz Ull, A. Saputi, O. Sato, E. S. Savchenko, J. S. Schliwinski, W. Schmidt-Parzefall, N. Serra, S. Sgobba, O. Shadura, A. Shakin, M. Shaposhnikov, P. Shatalov, T. Shchedrina, L. Shchutska, V. Shevchenko, H. Shibuya, S. Shirobokov, A. Shustov, S. B. Silverstein, S. Simone, R. Simoniello, M. Skorokhvatov, S. Smirnov, G. Soares, J. Y. Sohn, A. Sokolenko, E. Solodko, N. Starkov, L. Stoel, M. E. Stramaglia, D. Sukhonos, Y. Suzuki, S. Takahashi, J. L. Tastet, P. Teterin, S. Than Naing, I. Timiryasov, V. Tioukov, D. Tommasini, M. Torii, N. Tosi, D. Treille, R. Tsenov, S. Ulin, E. Ursov, A. Ustyuzhanin, Z. Uteshev, L. Uvarov, G. Vankova-Kirilova, F. Vannucci, V. Venturi, I. Vidulin, S. Vilchinski, Heinz Vincke, Helmut Vincke, C. Visone, K. Vlasik, A. Volkov, R. Voronkov, S. van Waasen, R. Wanke, P. Wertelaers, O. Williams, J.-K. Woo, M. Wurm, S. Xella, D. Yilmaz, A. U. Yilmazer, C. S. Yoon, Yu. Zaytsev, A. Zelenov, and J. Zimmerman

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Dark photons are hypothetical massive vector particles that could mix with ordinary photons. The simplest theoretical model is fully characterised by only two parameters: the mass of the dark photon m $$_{\gamma ^{\mathrm {D}}}$$ γ D and its mixing parameter with the photon, $$\varepsilon $$ ε . The sensitivity of the SHiP detector is reviewed for dark photons in the mass range between 0.002 and 10 GeV. Different production mechanisms are simulated, with the dark photons decaying to pairs of visible fermions, including both leptons and quarks. Exclusion contours are presented and compared with those of past experiments. The SHiP detector is expected to have a unique sensitivity for m $$_{\gamma ^{\mathrm {D}}}$$ γ D ranging between 0.8 and 3.3 $$^{+0.2}_{-0.5}$$ - 0.5 + 0.2 GeV, and $$\varepsilon ^2$$ ε 2 ranging between $$10^{-11}$$ 10 - 11 and $$10^{-17}$$ 10 - 17 .

Published
2021
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4. Sensitivity of the SHiP experiment to light dark matter

Author

The SHiP collaboration, C. Ahdida, A. Akmete, R. Albanese, A. Alexandrov, A. Anokhina, S. Aoki, G. Arduini, E. Atkin, N. Azorskiy, J. J. Back, A. Bagulya, F. Baaltasar Dos Santos, A. Baranov, F. Bardou, G. J. Barker, M. Battistin, J. Bauche, A. Bay, V. Bayliss, G. Bencivenni, A. Y. Berdnikov, Y. A. Berdnikov, M. Bertani, C. Betancourt, I. Bezshyiko, O. Bezshyyko, D. Bick, S. Bieschke, A. Blanco, J. Boehm, M. Bogomilov, I. Boiarska, K. Bondarenko, W. M. Bonivento, J. Borburgh, A. Boyarsky, R. Brenner, D. Breton, V. Büscher, A. Buonaura, L. Buonocore, S. Buontempo, S. Cadeddu, A. Calcaterra, M. Calviani, M. Campanelli, M. Casolino, N. Charitonidis, P. Chau, J. Chauveau, A. Chepurnov, M. Chernyavskiy, K.-Y. Choi, A. Chumakov, P. Ciambrone, V. Cicero, L. Congedo, K. Cornelis, M. Cristinziani, A. Crupano, G. M. Dallavalle, A. Datwyler, N. D’Ambrosio, G. D’Appollonio, R. de Asmundis, J. De Carvalho Saraiva, G. De Lellis, M. de Magistris, A. De Roeck, M. De Serio, D. De Simone, L. Dedenko, P. Dergachev, A. Di Crescenzo, L. Di Giulio, N. Di Marco, C. Dib, H. Dijkstra, V. Dmitrenko, L. A. Dougherty, A. Dolmatov, D. Domenici, S. Donskov, V. Drohan, A. Dubreuil, O. Durhan, M. Ehlert, E. Elikkaya, T. Enik, A. Etenko, F. Fabbri, O. Fedin, F. Fedotovs, G. Felici, M. Ferrillo, M. Ferro-Luzzi, K. Filippov, R. A. Fini, P. Fonte, C. Franco, M. Fraser, R. Fresa, R. Froeschl, C. Frugiuele, T. Fukuda, G. Galati, J. Gall, L. Gatignon, G. Gavrilov, V. Gentile, B. Goddard, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, A. Golovatiuk, V. Golovtsov, D. Golubkov, A. Golutvin, P. Gorbounov, D. Gorbunov, S. Gorbunov, V. Gorkavenko, M. Gorshenkov, V. Grachev, A. L. Grandchamp, E. Graverini, J.-L. Grenard, D. Grenier, V. Grichine, N. Gruzinskii, A. M. Guler, Yu. Guz, G. J. Haefeli, C. Hagner, H. Hakobyan, I. W. Harris, E. van Herwijnen, C. Hessler, A. Hollnagel, B. Hosseini, M. Hushchyn, G. Iaselli, A. Iuliano, R. Jacobsson, D. Joković, M. Jonker, I. Kadenko, V. Kain, B. Kaiser, C. Kamiscioglu, D. Karpenkov, K. Kershaw, M. Khabibullin, E. Khalikov, G. Khaustov, G. Khoriauli, A. Khotyantsev, Y. G. Kim, V. Kim, N. Kitagawa, J.-W. Ko, K. Kodama, A. Kolesnikov, D. I. Kolev, V. Kolosov, M. Komatsu, A. Kono, N. Konovalova, S. Kormannshaus, I. Korol, I. Korol’ko, A. Korzenev, V. Kostyukhin, E. Koukovini Platia, S. Kovalenko, I. Krasilnikova, Y. Kudenko, E. Kurbatov, P. Kurbatov, V. Kurochka, E. Kuznetsova, H. M. Lacker, M. Lamont, G. Lanfranchi, O. Lantwin, A. Lauria, K. S. Lee, K. Y. Lee, J.-M. Lévy, V. P. Loschiavo, L. Lopes, E. Lopez Sola, V. Lyubovitskij, J. Maalmi, A. Magnan, V. Maleev, A. Malinin, F. Maltoni, Y. Manabe, A. K. Managadze, M. Manfredi, S. Marsh, A. M. Marshall, O. Mattelaer, A. Mefodev, P. Mermod, A. Miano, S. Mikado, Yu. Mikhaylov, D. A. Milstead, O. Mineev, A. Montanari, M. C. Montesi, K. Morishima, S. Movchan, Y. Muttoni, N. Naganawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, S. Nasybulin, P. Ninin, A. Nishio, A. Novikov, B. Obinyakov, S. Ogawa, N. Okateva, B. Opitz, J. Osborne, M. Ovchynnikov, N. Owtscharenko, P. H. Owen, P. Pacholek, A. Paoloni, B. D. Park, A. Pastore, M. Patel, D. Pereyma, A. Perillo-Marcone, G. L. Petkov, K. Petridis, A. Petrov, D. Podgrudkov, V. Poliakov, N. Polukhina, J. Prieto Prieto, M. Prokudin, A. Prota, A. Quercia, A. Rademakers, A. Rakai, F. Ratnikov, T. Rawlings, F. Redi, S. Ricciardi, M. Rinaldesi, Volodymyr Rodin, Viktor Rodin, P. Robbe, A. B. Rodrigues Cavalcante, T. Roganova, H. Rokujo, G. Rosa, T. Rovelli, O. Ruchayskiy, T. Ruf, V. Samoylenko, V. Samsonov, F. Sanchez Galan, P. Santos Diaz, A. Sanz Ull, A. Saputi, O. Sato, E. S. Savchenko, J. S. Schliwinski, W. Schmidt-Parzefall, N. Serra, S. Sgobba, O. Shadura, A. Shakin, M. Shaposhnikov, P. Shatalov, T. Shchedrina, L. Shchutska, V. Shevchenko, H. Shibuya, S. Shirobokov, A. Shustov, S. B. Silverstein, S. Simone, R. Simoniello, M. Skorokhvatov, S. Smirnov, J. Y. Sohn, A. Sokolenko, E. Solodko, N. Starkov, L. Stoel, M. E. Stramaglia, D. Sukhonos, Y. Suzuki, S. Takahashi, J. L. Tastet, P. Teterin, S. Than Naing, I. Timiryasov, V. Tioukov, D. Tommasini, M. Torii, N. Tosi, F. Tramontano, D. Treille, R. Tsenov, S. Ulin, E. Ursov, A. Ustyuzhanin, Z. Uteshev, L. Uvarov, G. Vankova-Kirilova, F. Vannucci, V. Venturi, S. Vilchinski, Heinz Vincke, Helmut Vincke, C. Visone, K. Vlasik, A. Volkov, R. Voronkov, S. van Waasen, R. Wanke, P. Wertelaers, O. Williams, J.-K. Woo, M. Wurm, S. Xella, D. Yilmaz, A. U. Yilmazer, C. S. Yoon, Yu. Zaytsev, A. Zelenov, and J. Zimmerman

Subjects
Beyond Standard Model, Dark matter, Fixed target experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Dark matter is a well-established theoretical addition to the Standard Model supported by many observations in modern astrophysics and cosmology. In this context, the existence of weakly interacting massive particles represents an appealing solution to the observed thermal relic in the Universe. Indeed, a large experimental campaign is ongoing for the detection of such particles in the sub-GeV mass range. Adopting the benchmark scenario for light dark matter particles produced in the decay of a dark photon, with α D = 0.1 and m A′ = 3m χ , we study the potential of the SHiP experiment to detect such elusive particles through its Scattering and Neutrino detector (SND). In its 5-years run, corresponding to 2 · 1020 protons on target from the CERN SPS, we find that SHiP will improve the current limits in the mass range for the dark matter from about 1 MeV to 300 MeV. In particular, we show that SHiP will probe the thermal target for Majorana candidates in most of this mass window and even reach the Pseudo-Dirac thermal relic.

Published
2021
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5. Measurement of the muon flux from 400 GeV/c protons interacting in a thick molybdenum/tungsten target

Author

C. Ahdida, A. Akmete, R. Albanese, A. Alexandrov, A. Anokhina, S. Aoki, G. Arduini, E. Atkin, N. Azorskiy, J. J. Back, A. Bagulya, F. Baaltasar Dos Santos, A. Baranov, F. Bardou, G. J. Barker, M. Battistin, J. Bauche, A. Bay, V. Bayliss, G. Bencivenni, A. Y. Berdnikov, Y. A. Berdnikov, M. Bertani, C. Betancourt, I. Bezshyiko, O. Bezshyyko, D. Bick, S. Bieschke, A. Blanco, J. Boehm, M. Bogomilov, I. Boiarska, K. Bondarenko, W. M. Bonivento, J. Borburgh, A. Boyarsky, R. Brenner, D. Breton, V. Büscher, A. Buonaura, S. Buontempo, S. Cadeddu, A. Calcaterra, M. Calviani, M. Campanelli, M. Casolino, N. Charitonidis, P. Chau, J. Chauveau, A. Chepurnov, M. Chernyavskiy, K.-Y. Choi, A. Chumakov, P. Ciambrone, V. Cicero, L. Congedo, K. Cornelis, M. Cristinziani, A. Crupano, G. M. Dallavalle, A. Datwyler, N. D’Ambrosio, G. D’Appollonio, R. de Asmundis, J. De Carvalho Saraiva, G. De Lellis, M. de Magistris, A. De Roeck, M. De Serio, D. De Simone, L. Dedenko, P. Dergachev, A. Di Crescenzo, L. Di Giulio, N. Di Marco, C. Dib, H. Dijkstra, V. Dmitrenko, S. Dmitrievskiy, L. A. Dougherty, A. Dolmatov, D. Domenici, S. Donskov, V. Drohan, A. Dubreuil, O. Durhan, M. Ehlert, E. Elikkaya, T. Enik, A. Etenko, F. Fabbri, O. Fedin, F. Fedotovs, G. Felici, M. Ferrillo, M. Ferro-Luzzi, K. Filippov, R. A. Fini, P. Fonte, C. Franco, M. Fraser, R. Fresa, R. Froeschl, T. Fukuda, G. Galati, J. Gall, L. Gatignon, G. Gavrilov, V. Gentile, B. Goddard, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, A. Golovatiuk, D. Golubkov, A. Golutvin, P. Gorbounov, D. Gorbunov, S. Gorbunov, V. Gorkavenko, M. Gorshenkov, V. Grachev, A. L. Grandchamp, E. Graverini, J.-L. Grenard, D. Grenier, V. Grichine, N. Gruzinskii, A. M. Guler, Yu. Guz, G. J. Haefeli, C. Hagner, H. Hakobyan, I. W. Harris, E. van Herwijnen, C. Hessler, A. Hollnagel, B. Hosseini, M. Hushchyn, G. Iaselli, A. Iuliano, R. Jacobsson, D. Joković, M. Jonker, I. Kadenko, V. Kain, B. Kaiser, C. Kamiscioglu, D. Karpenkov, K. Kershaw, M. Khabibullin, E. Khalikov, G. Khaustov, G. Khoriauli, A. Khotyantsev, Y. G. Kim, V. Kim, N. Kitagawa, J.-W. Ko, K. Kodama, A. Kolesnikov, D. I. Kolev, V. Kolosov, M. Komatsu, A. Kono, N. Konovalova, S. Kormannshaus, I. Korol, I. Korol’ko, A. Korzenev, V. Kostyukhin, E. Koukovini Platia, S. Kovalenko, I. Krasilnikova, Y. Kudenko, E. Kurbatov, P. Kurbatov, V. Kurochka, E. Kuznetsova, H. M. Lacker, M. Lamont, G. Lanfranchi, O. Lantwin, A. Lauria, K. S. Lee, K. Y. Lee, J.-M. Lévy, V. P. Loschiavo, L. Lopes, E. Lopez Sola, V. Lyubovitskij, J. Maalmi, A. Magnan, V. Maleev, A. Malinin, Y. Manabe, A. K. Managadze, M. Manfredi, S. Marsh, A. M. Marshall, A. Mefodev, P. Mermod, A. Miano, S. Mikado, Yu. Mikhaylov, D. A. Milstead, O. Mineev, A. Montanari, M. C. Montesi, K. Morishima, S. Movchan, Y. Muttoni, N. Naganawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, S. Nasybulin, P. Ninin, A. Nishio, A. Novikov, B. Obinyakov, S. Ogawa, N. Okateva, B. Opitz, J. Osborne, M. Ovchynnikov, N. Owtscharenko, P. H. Owen, P. Pacholek, A. Paoloni, B. D. Park, A. Pastore, M. Patel, D. Pereyma, A. Perillo-Marcone, G. L. Petkov, K. Petridis, A. Petrov, D. Podgrudkov, V. Poliakov, N. Polukhina, J. Prieto Prieto, M. Prokudin, A. Prota, A. Quercia, A. Rademakers, A. Rakai, F. Ratnikov, T. Rawlings, F. Redi, S. Ricciardi, M. Rinaldesi, Volodymyr Rodin, Viktor Rodin, P. Robbe, A. B. Rodrigues Cavalcante, T. Roganova, H. Rokujo, G. Rosa, T. Rovelli, O. Ruchayskiy, T. Ruf, V. Samoylenko, V. Samsonov, F. Sanchez Galan, P. Santos Diaz, A. Sanz Ull, A. Saputi, O. Sato, E. S. Savchenko, J. S. Schliwinski, W. Schmidt-Parzefall, N. Serra, S. Sgobba, O. Shadura, A. Shakin, M. Shaposhnikov, P. Shatalov, T. Shchedrina, L. Shchutska, V. Shevchenko, H. Shibuya, L. Shihora, S. Shirobokov, A. Shustov, S. B. Silverstein, S. Simone, R. Simoniello, M. Skorokhvatov, S. Smirnov, J. Y. Sohn, A. Sokolenko, E. Solodko, N. Starkov, L. Stoel, M. E. Stramaglia, D. Sukhonos, Y. Suzuki, S. Takahashi, J. L. Tastet, P. Teterin, S. Than Naing, I. Timiryasov, V. Tioukov, D. Tommasini, M. Torii, N. Tosi, D. Treille, R. Tsenov, S. Ulin, E. Ursov, A. Ustyuzhanin, Z. Uteshev, G. Vankova-Kirilova, F. Vannucci, V. Venturi, S. Vilchinski, Heinz Vincke, Helmut Vincke, C. Visone, K. Vlasik, A. Volkov, R. Voronkov, S. van Waasen, R. Wanke, P. Wertelaers, O. Williams, J.-K. Woo, M. Wurm, S. Xella, D. Yilmaz, A. U. Yilmazer, C. S. Yoon, Yu. Zaytsev, and J. Zimmerman

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The SHiP experiment is proposed to search for very weakly interacting particles beyond the Standard Model which are produced in a 400 GeV/c proton beam dump at the CERN SPS. About $$10^{11}$$ 1011 muons per spill will be produced in the dump. To design the experiment such that the muon-induced background is minimized, a precise knowledge of the muon spectrum is required. To validate the muon flux generated by our Pythia and GEANT4 based Monte Carlo simulation (FairShip), we have measured the muon flux emanating from a SHiP-like target at the SPS. This target, consisting of 13 interaction lengths of slabs of molybdenum and tungsten, followed by a 2.4 m iron hadron absorber was placed in the H4 400 GeV/c proton beam line. To identify muons and to measure the momentum spectrum, a spectrometer instrumented with drift tubes and a muon tagger were used. During a 3-week period a dataset for analysis corresponding to $$(3.27\pm 0.07)~\times ~10^{11}$$ (3.27±0.07)×1011 protons on target was recorded. This amounts to approximatively 1% of a SHiP spill.

Published
2020
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6. FCC Physics Opportunities

Author

A. Abada, M. Abbrescia, S. S. AbdusSalam, I. Abdyukhanov, J. Abelleira Fernandez, A. Abramov, M. Aburaia, A. O. Acar, P. R. Adzic, P. Agrawal, J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra, J. J. Aguilera-Verdugo, M. Aiba, I. Aichinger, G. Aielli, A. Akay, A. Akhundov, H. Aksakal, J. L. Albacete, S. Albergo, A. Alekou, M. Aleksa, R. Aleksan, R. M. Alemany Fernandez, Y. Alexahin, R. G. Alía, S. Alioli, N. Alipour Tehrani, B. C. Allanach, P. P. Allport, M. Altınlı, W. Altmannshofer, G. Ambrosio, D. Amorim, O. Amstutz, L. Anderlini, A. Andreazza, M. Andreini, A. Andriatis, C. Andris, A. Andronic, M. Angelucci, F. Antinori, S. A. Antipov, M. Antonelli, M. Antonello, P. Antonioli, S. Antusch, F. Anulli, L. Apolinário, G. Apollinari, A. Apollonio, D. Appelö, R. B. Appleby, Ara. Apyan, Arm. Apyan, A. Arbey, A. Arbuzov, G. Arduini, V. Arı, S. Arias, N. Armesto, R. Arnaldi, S. A. Arsenyev, M. Arzeo, S. Asai, E. Aslanides, R. W. Aßmann, D. Astapovych, M. Atanasov, S. Atieh, D. Attié, B. Auchmann, A. Audurier, S. Aull, S. Aumon, S. Aune, F. Avino, G. Avrillaud, G. Aydın, A. Azatov, G. Azuelos, P. Azzi, O. Azzolini, P. Azzurri, N. Bacchetta, E. Bacchiocchi, H. Bachacou, Y. W. Baek, V. Baglin, Y. Bai, S. Baird, M. J. Baker, M. J. Baldwin, A. H. Ball, A. Ballarino, S. Banerjee, D. P. Barber, D. Barducci, P. Barjhoux, D. Barna, G. G. Barnaföldi, M. J. Barnes, A. Barr, J. Barranco García, J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, W. Bartmann, V. Baryshevsky, E. Barzi, S. A. Bass, A. Bastianin, B. Baudouy, F. Bauer, M. Bauer, T. Baumgartner, I. Bautista-Guzmán, C. Bayındır, F. Beaudette, F. Bedeschi, M. Béguin, I. Bellafont, L. Bellagamba, N. Bellegarde, E. Belli, E. Bellingeri, F. Bellini, G. Bellomo, S. Belomestnykh, G. Bencivenni, M. Benedikt, G. Bernardi, J. Bernardi, C. Bernet, J. M. Bernhardt, C. Bernini, C. Berriaud, A. Bertarelli, S. Bertolucci, M. I. Besana, M. Besançon, O. Beznosov, P. Bhat, C. Bhat, M. E. Biagini, J.-L. Biarrotte, A. Bibet Chevalier, E. R. Bielert, M. Biglietti, G. M. Bilei, B. Bilki, C. Biscari, F. Bishara, O. R. Blanco-García, F. R. Blánquez, F. Blekman, A. Blondel, J. Blümlein, T. Boccali, R. Boels, S. A. Bogacz, A. Bogomyagkov, O. Boine-Frankenheim, M. J. Boland, S. Bologna, O. Bolukbasi, M. Bomben, S. Bondarenko, M. Bonvini, E. Boos, B. Bordini, F. Bordry, G. Borghello, L. Borgonovi, S. Borowka, D. Bortoletto, D. Boscherini, M. Boscolo, S. Boselli, R. R. Bosley, F. Bossu, C. Botta, L. Bottura, R. Boughezal, D. Boutin, G. Bovone, I. Božović Jelisavc̆ić, A. Bozbey, C. Bozzi, D. Bozzini, V. Braccini, S. Braibant-Giacomelli, J. Bramante, P. Braun-Munzinger, J. A. Briffa, D. Britzger, S. J. Brodsky, J. J. Brooke, R. Bruce, P. Brückman De Renstrom, E. Bruna, O. Brüning, O. Brunner, K. Brunner, P. Bruzzone, X. Buffat, E. Bulyak, F. Burkart, H. Burkhardt, J.-P. Burnet, F. Butin, D. Buttazzo, A. Butterworth, M. Caccia, Y. Cai, B. Caiffi, V. Cairo, O. Cakir, R. Calaga, S. Calatroni, G. Calderini, G. Calderola, A. Caliskan, D. Calvet, M. Calviani, J. M. Camalich, P. Camarri, M. Campanelli, T. Camporesi, A. C. Canbay, A. Canepa, E. Cantergiani, D. Cantore-Cavalli, M. Capeans, R. Cardarelli, U. Cardella, A. Cardini, C. M. Carloni Calame, F. Carra, S. Carra, A. Carvalho, S. Casalbuoni, J. Casas, M. Cascella, P. Castelnovo, G. Castorina, G. Catalano, V. Cavasinni, E. Cazzato, E. Cennini, A. Cerri, F. Cerutti, J. Cervantes, I. Chaikovska, J. Chakrabortty, M. Chala, M. Chamizo-Llatas, H. Chanal, D. Chanal, S. Chance, A. Chancé, P. Charitos, J. Charles, T. K. Charles, S. Chattopadhyay, R. Chehab, S. V. Chekanov, N. Chen, A. Chernoded, V. Chetvertkova, L. Chevalier, G. Chiarelli, G. Chiarello, M. Chiesa, P. Chiggiato, J. T. Childers, A. Chmielińska, A. Cholakian, P. Chomaz, M. Chorowski, W. Chou, M. Chrzaszcz, E. Chyhyrynets, G. Cibinetto, A. K. Ciftci, R. Ciftci, R. Cimino, M. Ciuchini, P. J. Clark, Y. Coadou, M. Cobal, A. Coccaro, J. Cogan, E. Cogneras, F. Collamati, C. Colldelram, P. Collier, J. Collot, R. Contino, F. Conventi, C. T. A. Cook, L. Cooley, G. Corcella, A. S. Cornell, G. H. Corral, H. Correia-Rodrigues, F. Costanza, P. Costa Pinto, F. Couderc, J. Coupard, N. Craig, I. Crespo Garrido, A. Crivellin, J. F. Croteau, M. Crouch, E. Cruz Alaniz, B. Curé, J. Curti, D. Curtin, M. Czech, C. Dachauer, R. T. D’Agnolo, M. Daibo, A. Dainese, B. Dalena, A. Daljevec, W. Dallapiazza, L. D’Aloia Schwartzentruber, M. Dam, G. D’Ambrosio, S. P. Das, S. DasBakshi, W. da Silva, G. G. da Silveira, V. D’Auria, S. D’Auria, A. David, T. Davidek, A. Deandrea, J. de Blas, C. J. Debono, S. De Curtis, N. De Filippis, D. de Florian, S. Deghaye, S. J. de Jong, C. Del Bo, V. Del Duca, D. Delikaris, F. Deliot, A. Dell’Acqua, L. Delle Rose, M. Delmastro, E. De Lucia, M. Demarteau, D. Denegri, L. Deniau, D. Denisov, H. Denizli, A. Denner, D. d’Enterria, G. de Rijk, A. De Roeck, F. Derue, O. Deschamps, S. Descotes-Genon, P. S. B. Dev, J. B. de Vivie de Régie, R. K. Dewanjee, A. Di Ciaccio, A. Di Cicco, B. M. Dillon, B. Di Micco, P. 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Voutsinas, V. Vysotsky, U. Wagner, R. Wallny, L.-T. Wang, R. Wang, K. Wang, B. F. L. Ward, T. P. Watson, N. K. Watson, Z. Wa̧s, C. Weiland, S. Weinzierl, C. P. Welsch, J. Wenninger, M. Widorski, U. A. Wiedemann, H.-U. Wienands, G. Wilkinson, P. H. Williams, A. Winter, A. Wohlfahrt, T. Wojtoń, D. Wollmann, J. Womersley, D. Woog, X. Wu, A. Wulzer, M. K. Yanehsari, G. Yang, H. J. Yang, W.-M. Yao, E. Yazgan, V. Yermolchik, Ay. Yilmaz, Al. Yilmaz, H.-D. Yoo, S. A. Yost, T. You, C. Young, T.-T. Yu, F. Yu, A. Zaborowska, S. G. Zadeh, M. Zahnd, M. Zanetti, L. Zanotto, L. Zawiejski, P. Zeiler, M. Zerlauth, S. M. Zernov, G. Zevi Dell Porta, Z. Zhang, Y. Zhang, C. Zhang, H. Zhang, Z. Zhao, Y.-M. Zhong, J. Zhou, D. Zhou, P. Zhuang, G. Zick, F. Zimmermann, J. Zinn-Justin, L. Zivkovic, A. V. Zlobin, M. Zobov, J. Zupan, J. Zurita, and The FCC Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics.

Published
2019
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7. Sensitivity of the SHiP experiment to Heavy Neutral Leptons

Author

The SHiP collaboration, C. Ahdida, R. Albanese, A. Alexandrov, A. Anokhina, S. Aoki, G. Arduini, E. Atkin, N. Azorskiy, F. Baaltasar Dos Santos, J. J. Back, A. Bagulya, A. Baranov, F. Bardou, G. J. Barker, M. Battistin, J. Bauche, A. Bay, V. Bayliss, G. Bencivenni, Y. A. Berdnikov, A. Y. Berdnikov, I. Berezkina, M. Bertani, C. Betancourt, I. Bezshyiko, O. Bezshyyko, D. Bick, S. Bieschke, A. Blanco, J. Boehm, M. Bogomilov, K. Bondarenko, W. M. Bonivento, J. Borburgh, A. Boyarsky, R. Brenner, D. Breton, R. Brundler, M. Bruschi, V. Büscher, A. Buonaura, S. Buontempo, S. Cadeddu, A. Calcaterra, M. Calviani, M. Campanelli, M. Casolino, N. Charitonidis, P. Chau, J. Chauveau, A. Chepurnov, M. Chernyavskiy, K.-Y. Choi, A. Chumakov, P. Ciambrone, K. Cornelis, M. Cristinziani, A. Crupano, G. M. Dallavalle, A. Datwyler, N. D’Ambrosio, G. D’Appollonio, L. Dedenko, P. Dergachev, J. De Carvalho Saraiva, G. De Lellis, M. de Magistris, A. De Roeck, M. De Serio, D. De Simone, C. Dib, H. Dijkstra, P. Dipinto, A. Di Crescenzo, N. Di Marco, V. Dmitrenko, S. Dmitrievskiy, A. Dolmatov, D. Domenici, S. Donskov, L. A. Dougherty, V. Drohan, A. Dubreuil, J. Ebert, T. Enik, A. Etenko, F. Fabbri, L. Fabbri, A. Fabich, O. Fedin, F. Fedotovs, M. Ferro-Luzzi, G. Felici, K. Filippov, R. A. Fini, P. Fonte, C. Franco, M. Fraser, R. Fresa, R. Froeschl, T. Fukuda, G. Galati, J. Gall, L. Gatignon, G. Gavrilov, V. Gentile, B. Goddard, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, A. Golovatiuk, D. Golubkov, A. Golutvin, P. Gorbounov, S. Gorbunov, D. Gorbunov, V. Gorkavenko, Y. Gornushkin, M. Gorshenkov, V. Grachev, A. L. Grandchamp, G. Granich, E. Graverini, J.-L. Grenard, D. Grenier, V. Grichine, N. Gruzinskii, Yu. Guz, G. J. Haefeli, C. Hagner, H. Hakobyan, I. W. Harris, C. Hessler, A. Hollnagel, B. Hosseini, M. Hushchyn, G. Iaselli, A. Iuliano, V. Ivantchenko, R. Jacobsson, D. Joković, M. Jonker, I. Kadenko, V. Kain, C. Kamiscioglu, K. Kershaw, M. Khabibullin, E. Khalikov, G. Khaustov, G. Khoriauli, A. Khotyantsev, Y. G. Kim, V. Kim, S. H. Kim, N. Kitagawa, J.-W. Ko, K. Kodama, A. Kolesnikov, D. I. Kolev, V. Kolosov, M. Komatsu, N. Kondrateva, A. Kono, N. Konovalova, S. Kormannshaus, I. Korol, I. Korol’ko, A. Korzenev, V. Kostyukhin, E. Koukovini Platia, S. Kovalenko, I. Krasilnikova, Y. Kudenko, E. Kurbatov, P. Kurbatov, V. Kurochka, E. Kuznetsova, H. M. Lacker, M. Lamont, G. Lanfranchi, O. Lantwin, A. Lauria, K. S. Lee, K. Y. Lee, J.-M. Lévy, L. Lopes, E. Lopez Sola, V. P. Loschiavo, V. Lyubovitskij, A. M. Guler, J. Maalmi, A. Magnan, V. Maleev, A. Malinin, Y. Manabe, A. K. Managadze, M. Manfredi, S. Marsh, A. M. Marshall, A. Mefodev, P. Mermod, A. Miano, S. Mikado, Yu. Mikhaylov, D. A. Milstead, O. Mineev, A. Montanari, M. C. Montesi, K. Morishima, S. Movchan, Y. Muttoni, N. Naganawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, S. Nasybulin, P. Ninin, A. Nishio, A. Novikov, B. Obinyakov, S. Ogawa, N. Okateva, B. Opitz, J. Osborne, M. Ovchynnikov, P. H. Owen, N. Owtscharenko, P. Pacholek, A. Paoloni, R. Paparella, B. D. Park, S. K. Park, A. Pastore, M. Patel, D. Pereyma, A. Perillo-Marcone, G. L. Petkov, K. Petridis, A. Petrov, D. Podgrudkov, V. Poliakov, N. Polukhina, J. Prieto Prieto, M. Prokudin, A. Prota, A. Quercia, A. Rademakers, A. Rakai, F. Ratnikov, T. Rawlings, F. Redi, S. Ricciardi, M. Rinaldesi, P. Robbe, Viktor Rodin, Volodymyr Rodin, A. B. Rodrigues Cavalcante, T. Roganova, H. Rokujo, G. Rosa, T. Rovelli, O. Ruchayskiy, T. Ruf, V. Samoylenko, V. Samsonov, F. Sanchez Galan, P. Santos Diaz, A. Sanz Ull, A. Saputi, O. Sato, E. S. Savchenko, W. Schmidt-Parzefall, N. Serra, S. Sgobba, O. Shadura, A. Shakin, M. Shaposhnikov, P. Shatalov, T. Shchedrina, L. Shchutska, V. Shevchenko, H. Shibuya, S. Shirobokov, A. Shustov, S. B. Silverstein, S. Simone, R. Simoniello, M. Skorokhvatov, S. Smirnov, J. Y. Sohn, A. Sokolenko, E. Solodko, N. Starkov, L. Stoel, B. Storaci, M. E. Stramaglia, D. Sukhonos, Y. Suzuki, S. Takahashi, J. L. Tastet, P. Teterin, S. Than Naing, I. Timiryasov, V. Tioukov, D. Tommasini, M. Torii, N. Tosi, D. Treille, R. Tsenov, S. Ulin, A. Ustyuzhanin, Z. Uteshev, G. Vankova-Kirilova, F. Vannucci, E. van Herwijnen, S. van Waasen, P. Venkova, V. Venturi, S. Vilchinski, M. Villa, Heinz Vincke, Helmut Vincke, C. Visone, K. Vlasik, A. Volkov, R. Voronkov, R. Wanke, P. Wertelaers, J.-K. Woo, M. Wurm, S. Xella, D. Yilmaz, A. U. Yilmazer, C. S. Yoon, P. Zarubin, I. Zarubina, and Yu. Zaytsev

Subjects
Beyond Standard Model, Fixed target experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) are hypothetical particles predicted by many extensions of the Standard Model. These particles can, among other things, explain the origin of neutrino masses, generate the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe and provide a dark matter candidate. The SHiP experiment will be able to search for HNLs produced in decays of heavy mesons and travelling distances ranging between O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (50 m) and tens of kilometers before decaying. We present the sensitivity of the SHiP experiment to a number of HNL’s benchmark models and provide a way to calculate the SHiP’s sensitivity to HNLs for arbitrary patterns of flavour mixings. The corresponding tools and data files are also made publicly available.

Published
2019
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12. Determination of the electromechanical limits of high-performance Nb_{3}Sn Rutherford cables under transverse stress from a single-wire experiment

Author

L. Gämperle, J. Ferradas, C. Barth, B. Bordini, D. Tommasini, and C. Senatore

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The development of high-field accelerator magnets capable of providing 16-T dipolar fields is an indispensable technological breakthrough needed for the 100-TeV energy frontier targeted by the Future Circular Collider. As these magnets will be based on Nb_{3}Sn Rutherford cables, the degradation of the conductor performance due to the large electromagnetic stresses becomes a parameter with a profound impact on the magnet design. In this work, we investigated the stress dependence and the irreversible reduction of the critical current under compressive transverse load in high-performance powder-in-tube Nb_{3}Sn wires. Tests were performed in magnetic fields ranging between 16 and 19 T on wires that were resin impregnated similarly to the wires in the Rutherford cables of accelerator magnets. The scope was to predict the degradation of the cable under stress from a single-wire experiment. Interestingly, the irreversible stress limit, σ_{irr}, defined as the stress level corresponding to a permanent reduction of the critical current by 5% with respect to its initial value, was found to depend on the applied magnetic field. This observation allowed us to shed light on the mechanism dominating the irreversible reduction of the wire performance and to compare and reconcile our results with the irreversible limits measured on Rutherford cables, typically tested at fields below 12 T.

Published
2020
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13. A European Collaboration to Investigate Superconducting Magnets for Next Generation Heavy Ion Therapy

Author

L. Rossi, A. Ballarino, D. Barna, E. Benedetto, C. Calzolaio, G. Ceruti, E. De Matteis, A. Echeandia, T. Ekelof, S. Farinon, E. Felcini, M. Gehring, G. Kirby, T. Lecrevisse, J. Lucas, S. Mariotto, J. Munilla, R. Musenich, A. Pampaloni, K. Pepitone, D. Perini, D. Popovic, M. Prioli, M. Pullia, L. Quettier, S. Sanfilippo, C. Senatore, E. Shabagin, M. Sorbi, M. Statera, D. Tommasini, F. Toral, R. Valente, D. Veres, and M. Vieweg

Subjects
Ions, particle beam handling, Toroidal magnetic fields, Physics::Medical Physics, ddc:500.2, Condensed Matter Physics, Accelerator magnets, Collaboration, Europe, Medical accelerators, Medical treatment, Particle beam handling, Particle therapy, Superconducting magnets, Synchrotrons, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, particle therapy, medical accelerators, superconducting magnets, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, accelerator magnets
Abstract

Next generation ion therapy magnets both for gantry and for accelerator (synchrotron) are under investigation in a re-cently launched European collaboration that, in the frame of the Eu-ropean H2020 HITRIplus and I.FAST programmes, has obtained some funding for work packages on superconducting magnets. De-sign and technology of superconducting magnets will be developed for ion therapy synchrotron and -especially- gantry, taking as refer-ence beams of 430 MeV/nucleon ions (C-ions) with 1010 ions/pulse. The magnets are about 60-90 mm diameter, 4 to 5 T peak field with a field change of about 0.3 T/s and good field quality. The paper will illustrate the organization of the collaboration and the technical pro-gram. Various superconductor options (LTS, MgB2 or HTS) and different magnet shapes, like classical CosTheta or innovative Canted CosTheta (CCT), with curved multifunction (dipole and quadrupole), are under evaluation, CCT being the baseline. These studies should provide design inputs for a new superconducting gan-try design for existing facilities and, on a longer time scale, for a brand-new hadron therapy centre to be placed in the South East Eu-rope (SEEIIST project).

Published
2022

14. Comment on ‘An efficient code to solve the Kepler equation: elliptic case’

Author

D Tommasini and D N Olivieri

Subjects
Reduction (recursion theory), 1206 Análisis Numérico, FOS: Physical sciences, Double-precision floating-point format, 02 engineering and technology, Mean anomaly, Kepler's equation, 01 natural sciences, Machine epsilon, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Applied mathematics, Limit (mathematics), Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 2212 Física Teórica, Physics, Order (ring theory), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 21 Astronomía y Astrofísica, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Eccentricity (mathematics)
Abstract

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUG In a recent MNRAS article, Raposo-Pulido and Pelaez (RPP) designed a scheme for obtaining very close seeds for solving the elliptic Kepler equation with the classical and modified Newton–Raphson methods. This implied an important reduction in the number of iterations needed to reach a given accuracy. However, RPP also made strong claims about the errors of their method that are incorrect. In particular, they claim that their accuracy can always reach the level of ∼5ε, where ε is the machine epsilon (e.g. ε = 2.2 × 10−16 in double precision), and that this result is attained for all values of the eccentricity e < 1 and the mean anomaly M ∈ [0, π], including for e and M that are arbitrarily close to 1 and 0, respectively. However, we demonstrate both numerically and analytically that any implementation of the classical or modified Newton–Raphson methods for Kepler’s equation, including those described by RPP, has a limiting accuracy of the order of ∼ε/2(1−e)−−−−−−−√⁠. Therefore the errors of these implementations diverge in the limit e → 1, and differ dramatically from the incorrect results given by RPP. Despite these shortcomings, the RPP method can provide a very efficient option for reaching such limiting accuracy. We also provide a limit that is valid for the accuracy of any algorithm for solving Kepler equation, including schemes like bisection that do not use derivatives. Moreover, similar results are also demonstrated for the hyperbolic Kepler equation. The methods described in this work can provide guidelines for designing more accurate solutions of the elliptic and hyperbolic Kepler equations. Axencia Galega de Innovación Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. FIS2017-83762-P

Published
2021

15. Design study of a Superconducting Recoil Separator for HIE-ISOLDE

Author

L Acosta, J L Aguado, M Assie, M A M Al-Aqeel, D Barna, R Berjillos, M J G Borge, J A Briz, I Bustinduy, L Bottura, W Catford, J Cederkall, T Davinson, G De Angelis, T Ekelof, H Fynbo, A P Foussat, R Florin, L Gaffney, C García-Ramos, A Heinz, K Johnston, B Jonson, T Junquera, G Kirby, O Kochebina, T Kurtukian-Nieto, M Labiche, M Losasso, A Laird, I Martel, J L Muñoz, B S Nara Singh, G Neyens, R D Page, J Resta-López, J A Rodriguez, V Rodin, V R Sharma, J Sánchez-Segovia, K Riisager, A M Sánchez-Benítez, B Shepherd, E Siesling, J Smallcombe, M Stanoiu, O Tengblad, J P Thermeau, D Tommasini, J Uusitalo, S Varnasseri, and C P Welsch

Published
2021
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16. First realisation of the kilogram with the METAS Kibble balance

Author

A Eichenberger, H Baumann, A Mortara, D Tommasini, D Reber, E Klingelé, B Jeanneret, and B Jeckelmann

Subjects
General Engineering
Abstract

After several years of development and continuous improvement, the Kibble balance at the Federal Institute of Metrology (METAS) is now operational. Its stability and reliability allows high precision measurements to be performed under vacuum. Two measurement campaigns were conducted in 2021 with 1 kg stainless steel test masses. The result differs from the value deduced from the calibration following the dissemination process after the redefinition of the kilogram by 6 μg with a total standard uncertainty of 43 μg (k = 1). This paper presents the details of this first result with its associated uncertainty budget.

Published
2022
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17. The Ultra-Stable Magnet of the Mark II Experiment

Author

A. Vorotszhov, H. Baumann, D. Tommasini, and A.L. Eichenberger

Subjects
Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Electropermanent magnet, Kilogram, Electromagnet, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Mechanical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Planck constant, 01 natural sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Metrology, 010309 optics, symbols.namesake, Nuclear magnetic resonance, law, Magnet, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Watt balance
Abstract

A new watt balance experiment is under development at the Federal Institute of Metrology (METAS, Switzerland). Its scope is to link the mass unit to the Plank constant in order to set a new definition of the kilogram, which is no longer based on the international prototype. The experiment is performed in two steps with the same setup and requires that the magnetic field produced in the two steps by the magnet fitted in the setup remains stable within few parts per 10 8 . This paper describes the design, manufacture, and characterization of this magnet, which is performed through a collaboration between METAS and CERN.

Published
2016
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18. Azimuthal coil size and field quality in the main CERN Large Hadron Collider dipoles

Author

P. Ferracin, W. Scandale, E. Todesco, and D. Tommasini

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Field quality in superconducting magnets strongly depends on the geometry of the coil. Fiberglass spacers (shims) placed between the coil and the collars have been used to optimize magnetic and mechanical performances of superconducting magnets in large accelerators. A change in the shim thickness affects both the geometry of the coil and its state of compression (prestress) under operational conditions. In this paper we develop a coupled magnetomechanical model of the main Large Hadron Collider dipole. This model allows us to evaluate the prestress dependence on the shim thickness and the map of deformations of the coil and the collars. Results of the model are compared to experimental measurements carried out in a dedicated experiment, where a magnet model has been reassembled 5 times with different shims. A good agreement is found between simulations and experimental data both on the mechanical behavior and on the field quality. We show that this approach allows us to improve this agreement with respect to models previously used in the literature. We finally evaluate the range of tunability that will be provided by shims during the production of the Large Hadron Collider main dipoles.

Published
2002
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19. The METAS watt balance Mark II

Author

D. Reber, D. Tommasini, A.L. Eichenberger, Beat Jeckelmann, and H. Baumann

Subjects
Physics, Kilogram, business.industry, Phase (waves), Electrical engineering, Ampere balance, Planck constant, 01 natural sciences, Metrology, 010309 optics, Magnetic circuit, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, 010306 general physics, business, Watt balance
Abstract

The watt balance Mark II of the Federal Institute of Metrology METAS is ready to start the measurement of the Planck constant. After an intensive conception phase, the different modules of the experiment have been designed, realized and characterized in close collaboration with external partners. Beside an overview of the experimental setup and some results, the present paper shows also theoretical aspects and simulation results of the magnetic circuit. First results of the Planck constant should be available at the time of the conference.

Published
2016
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20. Influence of swift heavy ion beams and protons on the dielectric strength of polyimide

Author

Tim Seidl, E. Mustafin, E. Floch, Daniel Severin, A. Smolyakov, Christina Trautmann, R. Lopez, A. B. Plotnikov, Wolfgang Ensinger, A. A. Golubev, and D. Tommasini

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Dielectric strength, Ion track, Condensed Matter Physics, Ion, Swift heavy ion, Mechanics of Materials, Materials Chemistry, Radiation damage, Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, Breakdown voltage, Irradiation, Atomic physics
Abstract

The breakdown voltage of radiation damaged polyimide is investigated. Motivated by the application of polyimide as insulator used in ion accelerator magnets of the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR), two different kinds of polyimides were irradiated with different high energetic ion beams (p, C, Ni, Ru and Au) and with gamma radiation from a Co-60 source. Breakdown voltage measurements showed that the dielectric strength of irradiated polyimide was found to decrease as a function of the irradiation dose. The rate of decrease was found to be dependent on i) the type of radiation and ii) the angle of incident beam. Gamma and proton radiation leads only to minor changes in the observed dose regime while heavy ion irradiation drastically decreases the dielectric strength at even low doses. For heavy ion irradiation the rate of decrease is found to be dependent on the energy loss of the used particle beams. Furthermore an increase in incident beam angle, i.e. closer to the surface normal gives a lower decrease in the dielectric strength suggesting that the breakdown follows the path length of the produced ion tracks. Weibull analysis was used on a selected data set to discuss failure expectations for the later FAIR magnets.

Published
2012
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21. Curing of LHC Main Dipole Coils Insulated with all Polyimide PIXEO¯ Adhesive Tape

Author

F. Van de Velde, Paolo Fessia, H. Kummer, D. Tommasini, and H. Kuribayashi

Subjects
Dipole, Materials science, Large Hadron Collider, Adhesive bonding, Adhesive, Weight control, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Condensed Matter Physics, Superconducting Coils, Polyimide, Curing (chemistry), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract

An all polyimide system made by plain and adhesive coated tapes has been adopted for the insulation of the LHC coils. In this analysis we put in evidence how different parameters in the curing cycles could affect the final bonding quality. Data for two different glue compositions are compared showing how the conjoint efforts of CERN and tape supplier Kaneka High-Tech Materials has helped to enlarge the window in which this material provides outstanding gluing, making easier to keep under control bonding quality throughout the mass production in a real industrial environment

Published
2006
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22. Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 3. Higgs Properties: Report of the LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group

Author

C T Potter, H Mantler, S Lehti, I Puljak, H Kim, R Klees, D De Florian, R K Ellis, S Frixione, J Thompson, J Huston, S Y Choi, D Rebuzzi, M Schulze, J Yu, R Rietkerk, R Di Nardo, M Zaro, R Harlander, S Dittmaier, C Oleari, A David, F Maltoni, L Kashif, B Di Micco, M Vazquez Acosta, P T E Taylor, S O Moch, J Olsen, S Bolognesi, G Weiglein, M Ubiali, M Rauch, F J Tackmann, D Wackeroth, N V Tran, Y Gao, M Muhlleitner, P Vanlaer, X Liu, A Whitbeck, M Zanetti, T Peraro, D Del Re, G Degrassi, J M Smillie, P Monni, E Mirabella, F Schissler, K Mawatari, D Tommasini, P Torrielli, S Heinemeyer, P Govoni, P Slavich, M Kramer, G Sborlini, R Tanaka, R Hernandez-Pinto, J R Walsh, G Passarino, C Zhang, C Wagner, G Ferrera, Z Trocsanyi, C Mariotti, G P Salam, B Mellado, M Kadastik, D Gillberg, T J E Zirke, F Krauss, A Rizzi, P Bolzoni, Q Li, C Neu, M Schonherr, T Becher, M Grazzini, P Musella, M Carena, M V Garzelli, E A Bagnaschi, A Kardos, W J Waalewijn, O Stal, J Mazzitelli, D C Hall, D J Miller, D Buarque, F Cascioli, M Spira, R S Thorne, M Flechl, S Kallweit, N Chanon, H E Logan, A V Gritsan, A Laureys, A Denner, H Van Deurzen, GRIFFITHS, JANE, G Piacquadio, A Banfi, M Neubert, S Forte, Y Rotstein-Habarnau, S Diglio, F U Bernlochner, K Melnikov, S Martin, P De Aquino, M Malberti, I W Stewart, F Tramontano, A Vicini, S Pozzorini, F Petriello, P Nason, F Maierhofer, K Peters, R Boughezal, N Moretti, N Kauer, M Schumacher, G Ossola, P Artoisenet, G Zanderighi, P M Zerwas, L Reina, P Meridiani, S Liebler, R Frederix, O Mattelaer, T Vickey, C Grojean, N Fidanza, T Jubb, T Cheng, S Gangal, C Hays, S Laurila, S Zuberi, J F Von Soden-Fraunhofen, MASTROLIA, PIERPAOLO, J R Andersen, J Campbell, G Luisoni, C Williams, M Duhrssen, N Greiner, A Muck, S Hoche, F Caola, F Siegert, J Wang, K Prokofiev, S. Heinemeyer, C. Mariotti, G. Passarino, R. Tanaka, C T Potter, H Mantler, S Lehti, I Puljak, H Kim, R Klee, D De Florian, R K Elli, S Frixione, J Thompson, J Huston, S Y Choi, D Rebuzzi, M Schulze, J Yu, R Rietkerk, R Di Nardo, M Zaro, R Harlander, S Dittmaier, C Oleari, A David, F Maltoni, L Kashif, B Di Micco, M Vazquez Acosta, P T E Taylor, S O Moch, J Olsen, S Bolognesi, G Weiglein, M Ubiali, M Rauch, F J Tackmann, D Wackeroth, N V Tran, Y Gao, M Muhlleitner, P Vanlaer, X Liu, A Whitbeck, M Zanetti, T Peraro, D Del Re, G Degrassi, J M Smillie, P Monni, E Mirabella, F Schissler, K Mawatari, D Tommasini, P Torrielli, S Heinemeyer, P Govoni, P Slavich, M Kramer, G Sborlini, R Tanaka, R Hernandez-Pinto, J R Walsh, G Passarino, C Zhang, C Wagner, G Ferrera, Z Trocsanyi, C Mariotti, G P Salam, B Mellado, M Kadastik, D Gillberg, T J E Zirke, F Krau, A Rizzi, P Bolzoni, Q Li, C Neu, M Schonherr, T Becher, M Grazzini, P Musella, M Carena, M V Garzelli, E A Bagnaschi, A Kardo, W J Waalewijn, O Stal, J Mazzitelli, D C Hall, D J Miller, D Buarque, F Cascioli, M Spira, R S Thorne, M Flechl, S Kallweit, N Chanon, H E Logan, A V Gritsan, A Laurey, A Denner, H Van Deurzen, J Griffith, G Piacquadio, A Banfi, M Neubert, S Forte, Y Rotstein-Habarnau, S Diglio, F U Bernlochner, K Melnikov, S Martin, P De Aquino, M Malberti, I W Stewart, F Tramontano, A Vicini, S Pozzorini, F Petriello, P Nason, F Maierhofer, K Peter, R Boughezal, N Moretti, N Kauer, M Schumacher, G Ossola, P Artoisenet, G Zanderighi, P M Zerwa, L Reina, P Meridiani, S Liebler, R Frederix, O Mattelaer, T Vickey, C Grojean, N Fidanza, T Jubb, T Cheng, S Gangal, C Hay, S Laurila, S Zuberi, J F Von Soden-Fraunhofen, P Mastrolia, J R Andersen, J Campbell, G Luisoni, C William, M Duhrssen, N Greiner, A Muck, S Hoche, F Caola, F Siegert, J Wang, and K Prokofiev

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Higgs
Abstract

This Report summarizes the results of the activities in 2012 and the first half of 2013 of the LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group. The main goal of the working group was to present the state of the art of Higgs Physics at the LHC, integrating all new results that have appeared in the last few years. This report follows the first working group report Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 1. Inclusive Observables (CERN-2011-002) and the second working group report Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 2. Differential Distributions (CERN-2012-002). After the discovery of a Higgs boson at the LHC in mid-2012 this report focuses on refined prediction of Standard Model (SM) Higgs phenomenology around the experimentally observed value of 125-126 GeV, refined predictions for heavy SM-like Higgs bosons as well as predictions in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and first steps to go beyond these models. The other main focus is on the extraction of the characteristics and properties of the newly discovered particle such as couplings to SM particles, spin and CP-quantum numbers etc.

Published
2013

23. Photon uncertainty solves the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox

Author

D. Tommasini

Subjects
Physics, Quantum Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Indeterminism, Physics::History of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, symbols.namesake, Theoretical physics, Quantum nonlocality, Action at a distance, Hidden variable theory, symbols, EPR paradox, Einstein, Quantum information, Quantum field theory, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract

Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) pointed out that the quantum-mechanical description of "physical reality" implied an unphysical, instantaneous action between distant measurements. To avoid such an action at a distance, EPR concluded that Quantum Mechanics had to be incomplete. However, its extensions involving additional "hidden variables", allowing for the recovery of determinism and locality, have been disproved experimentally (Bell's theorem). Here, I present an opposite solution of the paradox based on the greater indeterminism of the modern Quantum Field Theory (QFT) description of Particle Physics, that prevents the preparation of any state having a definite number of particles. The resulting uncertainty in photons radiation has interesting consequences in Quantum Information Theory (e.g. cryptography and teleportation). Moreover, since it allows for less elements of EPR physical reality than the old non-relativistic Quantum Mechanics, QFT satisfies the EPR condition of completeness without the need of hidden variables. The residual physical reality does never violate locality, thus the unique objective proof of "quantum nonlocality" is removed in an interpretation-independent way. On the other hand, the supposed nonlocality of the EPR correlations turns out to be a problem of the interpretation of the theory. If we do not rely on hidden variables or new physics beyond QFT, the unique viable interpretation is a minimal statistical one, that preserves locality and Lorentz symmetry., Comment: Published version, with updated reference

Published
2003
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25. Localization of electrical insulation failures in superconducting collared coils by analysis of the distortion of a pulsed magnetic field

Author

D. Tommasini and P. Komorowski

Subjects
Physics, Aperture, Acoustics, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Fault (power engineering), Accelerators and Storage Rings, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Dipole, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Magnet, Distortion, Transient (oscillation), Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract

The localization of possible electrical faults in superconducting accelerator magnets may, in most cases, be a complex, expensive and time-consuming process. In particular, inter-turn short circuits and failures of the ground insulation are well detectable when the magnet is collared, but often disappear after disassembly for repair due to the release of the pre-stress in the coils. The fault localization method presented in this paper is based on the measurement and analysis of the magnetic field generated inside the magnet aperture by a high voltage pulse. The presence of the fault modifies the distribution of the current in the coils and produces a distortion of the magnetic field. The described method aims at locating both the longitudinal and azimuthal position of the fault-affected area. The test method, the transient case FEM models and the implemented experimental set-up are presented and discussed for the LHC dipole models.

Published
2000
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26. The new METAS Watt Balance, Mark II

Author

C. Hajdu, Beat Jeckelmann, D. Tommasini, H. Baumann, A. Eichenberger, F. Cosandier, D. Reber, and Reymond Clavel

Subjects
symbols.namesake, Engineering, Mark I, business.industry, Electrical engineering, symbols, Fundamental Constant, Context (language use), business, Planck constant, Watt balance, Metrology
Abstract

In the context of the future new definition of the mass unit, kg, a promising route to link the mass unit to a fundamental constant, the Planck constant h, is represented by the watt balance experiment. Since a number of years, the Federal Institute of Metrology is active in this field and published a first result with its Mark I experiment in 2011. To reach the target uncertainty of 2 parts in 10 8 , the Mark II METAS watt balance is being developed. In this paper, the different modules of the experiment are presented and their respective metrological requirements and experimental behaviour are discussed.

Published
2013
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28. The METAS watt balance Mark II experiment

Author

Reymond Clavel, H. Baumann, D. Reber, A.L. Eichenberger, F. Cosandier, Beat Jeckelmann, D. Tommasini, and Ch. Beguin

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Mark I, Frame (networking), Electrical engineering, International System of Units, business, Watt balance
Abstract

In the frame of the future redefinition of the International System of Units (SI), the unit of mass represents probably the biggest challenge. After the publication of the results from Mark I experiment, the effort is now concentrated on the development of the Mark II system. In this paper, we review the design and present the first tests of the individual components.

Published
2012
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29. First experimental tests at the new synchrotron radiation facility ELETTRA in Trieste

Author

A. Abrami, Maria Teresa Ciotti, Renzo Rosei, M. Bernardini, C. Rubbia, Dario Alfè, F. Cargnello, G. Viani, F. Darclon, S. Antonini, D. Mercanti, Gelsomina De Stasio, R. Richter, M. Gentili, Werner Jark, C. Coluzza, Giorgio Margaritondo, S. di Fonzo, M. Bertolo, Luciano Fonda, F. Mazzolini, P. Perfetti, A. Savoia, A. Massarotti, F. Gozzo, D. Tommasini, A. Galimberti, M. Puglisi, A. Rindi, A. Wrulich, Tiziana dell’Orto, S. Fontana, C.J. Bocchetta, R.P. Walker, D. Bulfone, and M. Giannini

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optics, law, business.industry, Synchrotron Radiation Source, Phase (waves), Synchrotron radiation, business, Instrumentation, Synchrotron, law.invention, Test data
Abstract

Only three weeks after the beginning of commissioning, the new ultrabright synchrotron source ELETTRA was able to deliver the first experimental test data. We briefly discuss these test experiments, which produced a series of photoelectron micrographs of different specimens. This success concludes, to the best of our knowledge, the most rapid first phase of commissioning ever of a synchrotron radiation source.

Published
1994
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30. Supersymmetry, R-parity breaking and the neutrino magnetic moment

Author

Riccardo Barbieri, Marcelo M. Guzzo, D. Tommasini, and Antonio Masiero

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Magnetic moment, Electron rest mass, Supersymmetry, Bohr magneton, symbols.namesake, R-parity, symbols, Symmetry breaking, Neutrino, Particle Physics - Theory, Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Abstract

We show that supersymmetric theories with R -parity breaking naturally give rise to significant neutrino magnetic moments. In the minimal supersymmetric standard model the transition magnetic moment μ ν e ν μ can be as large as 10 −13 μ B ( μ B is the Bohr magneton). By requiring an SU (2) H horizontal symmetry of the lagrangian in the Yukawa-less limit, μ ν e ν μ may be one order magnitude larger. In this case the main naturalness constraint on the maximum μ ν e ν μ attainable is the electron mass value rather than the bound on the neutrino mass itself.

Published
1990
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31. A model for the simulation of relaxation phenomena in dielectrics

Author

G. Degli Esposti and D. Tommasini

Subjects
Permittivity, Materials science, Distribution function, General Engineering, Electronic engineering, Relaxation (physics), Equivalent circuit, Dielectric loss, Function (mathematics), Mechanics, Dielectric, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronic circuit
Abstract

A simulation of the behavior of the complex permittivity in a polymeric material as a function of frequency is presented. Starting from experimental data and taking into account the occurrence of a distribution function in the relaxation times, an electrical equivalent circuit for each material can be established. Then, the model is used to analyze some insulating systems. The curves are calculated for a stratified insulation and for a single material subjected to chemical degradation. An experimental study on ad hoc polypropylene films purposely processed with different concentrations of a particular polar additive is presented and discussed on the basis of the model. Several possible applications are considered. >

Published
1990
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32. Manufacture and Test of the Prototype 5 T Superconducting Undulator for the LHC Synchrotron Radiation Profile Monitor

Author

S. Bettoni, D. Tommasini, R. Maccaferri, and W.V. Delsolaro

Subjects
Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Fabrication, business.industry, Synchrotron radiation, Superconducting magnet, Undulator, Condensed Matter Physics, Accelerators and Storage Rings, Magnetic flux, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, Optics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract

A superconducting undulator wound with Nb-Ti based conductor, will be used in the LHC as a key part of the synchrotron radiation profile monitor system. Two undulators are needed, one per each circulating beam, providing 5 T in a 60 mm bore over two periods of 280 mm each. A full scale prototype has been designed and successfully tested in the end of 2004. In this paper, the electromagnetic and the mechanical design of the undulator are summarized. The fabrication of the prototype is described and the successful cold test results, both power test and magnetic flux density measurements, are reported.

Published
2006

33. Development Of A Hybrid Permanent-magnet Undulator Prototype For Free Electron Lasers

Author

F. Ciocci, A. Matrone, D. Tommasini, L. Barbagelata, G. Ottonello, F. Rosatelli, Elio Sabia, Paolo Prati, and Alberto Renieri

Subjects
Free electron model, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Sorting, Undulator, Laser, law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Optics, law, Magnet, Mechanical design, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

A hybrid permanent-magnet undulator is under development in Ansaldo Ricerche for the LISA FEL experiment. The criteria adopted to optimize the magnetic and mechanical design of the undulator and the results of field measurements on an eight-period prototype will be discussed. The device used for measuring the permanent-magnet blocks and the code developed for their sorting will be described.

Published
2005
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34. An evaluation of surface behaviour of insulating materials in presence of decomposed SF/sub 6

Author

D. Tommasini, G. Coletti, F. Guastavino, and L. Centurioni

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Varnish, chemistry.chemical_element, Polymer, Epoxy, Hafnium, law.invention, Surface conductivity, chemistry, Optical microscope, law, visual_art, Forensic engineering, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Composite material, Penetration depth, Sheet resistance
Abstract

A testing procedure for screening candidate epoxy systems for spacers in SF/sub 6/-insulated HV (high-voltage) devices is presented, and some data on the behavior of varnished and unvarnished specimens are reported. The lack of difference in the surface resistance during and after exposures to vapors of three different HF+water solutions has been confirmed. A comparison with the behaviour of the same materials during and after attack by decomposed SF/sub 6/ gases suggests that the damage penetration depth is a parameter better correlated with the resulting material variation than the decrease in surface resistance during the exposure tests. The protective role of varnish in the HF attack was demonstrated by damage penetration depth and surface resistance measurements, complemented by optical microscope observation of morphology changes. >

Published
2003
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35. A model of the electrical breakdown process due to electrical treeing growth

Author

D. Tommasini, F. Guastavino, and R. Bozzo

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Electric field, Electrode, Partial discharge, Electrical engineering, Electrical breakdown, Breakdown voltage, Electrical treeing, Composite material, business, Electrical conductor, Voltage
Abstract

The authors develop a mathematical model that can describe the electrical breakdown due to electrical treeing growth in point-plane electrode specimens of thermoplastic polymers subjected to AC voltage ramps. The damage due to the tree growth is modeled as a conductive sphere, allowing an easy computation of the geometrical field in front of it. The breakdown voltage V/sub BD/, the radius of the sphere R/sub b/, and the electric field on the sphere AE/sub b/ are related by means of the simple equation V/sub BD/(D)=AE/sub b/*R/sub b/(D), where D is the interelectrode gap. The model has been verified experimentally. >

Published
2003
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36. Charging phenomena in polypropylene films

Author

F. Guastavino, A. Albini, D. Tommasini, and G. Degli Esposti

Subjects
Polypropylene, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nonlinear system, Dipole, Materials science, chemistry, Condensed matter physics, Iterative method, Impurity, Electronic engineering, Thin film, Polarization (electrochemistry), Thermal conduction
Abstract

The influence of additives and impurities on conduction and polarization mechanisms in thin films of polypropylene was investigated. It was assumed that the charging current is made up of three components: a polarization component produced by dipole orientation, a conduction current, and a fast transient. The cause of each component was identified by means of a special nonlinear iterative algorithm based on the least-squares method. The results of this investigation show an influence of the additive content and of the temperature on the charging current that can be ascribed to the bulk composition of the materials. It is noted that it is very important to fit the experimental data in order to obtain the correct values of the steady-state conduction currents, which are more significant than the currents obtained at a fixed time. >

Published
2003
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37. A model for the simulation of relaxation phenomena in dielectrics

Author

G.D. Esposti and D. Tommasini

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Relaxation phenomena, Distribution function, Materials science, chemistry, Distribution (number theory), Electronic engineering, Relaxation (physics), Equivalent circuit, Function (mathematics), Polymer, Mechanics, Dielectric
Abstract

A simulation of the behavior in a polymeric material of the complex dielectric constant as a function of the frequency is presented. Starting from experimental data and taking into account the distribution of the relaxation times, an electrical equivalent circuit for each material considered is established. The model is used to analyze some insulating systems. The curves are calculated for stratified insulation and for a single material subjected to chemical degradation. >

Published
2003
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38. Thermal performance evaluation of an insulation system for cast resin power transformers

Author

L. Centurioni, D. Tommasini, and G. Coletti

Subjects
Pipe insulation, chemistry.chemical_classification, Vacuum insulated panel, chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials science, chemistry, Insulation system, Thermal, Polyethylene terephthalate, Dielectric, Polymer, Composite material, Characterization (materials science)
Abstract

The thermal performance evaluation study is based on a proper thermal characterization of the PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film to be used as part of the insulation system. The film is tested in conditions similar to the ones present in the intended application and a meaningful set of data is obtained, which makes it possible to draw the relevant thermal life curves and to complete the analysis of the insulation system's long-term behavior. The results obtained evince a higher thermal performance of the PET film than the ones reported in literature, because of the precautions introduced in segregating the film from air during the thermal agings and in avoiding the application of excessive mechanical stresses during the dielectric tests. >

Published
2003
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39. The ELETTRA storage ring magnets

Author

D. Tommasini and G. Petrucci

Subjects
Physics, Electromagnet, Field (physics), business.industry, law.invention, Magnetic field, Dipole, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Optics, law, Magnet, Vacuum chamber, business, Yoke, Storage ring
Abstract

24 dipole magnets, 108 quadrupoles, 72 sextupoles and 82 steerers are needed in the storage ring. The very stringent requirements for the magnet field quality were met with the use of a combination of 2D and 3D magnetic design. The dipoles are combined function elements with a field index n=13 and a maximum magnetic field of 1.5 T at the central orbit. The curved (R=5.5 m) pole profiles were obtained by matching the stacked laminations. The quadrupoles and sextupoles are made by assembled pole pairs in a C shaped structure with the aperture on the outer side of the ring. To insert the vacuum chamber inside the magnets this structure allows a symmetric opening of the yoke. The steerer magnets provide both horizontal and vertical magnetic fields; an inverted U shape with a 3D optimization of the vertical field coils and positions was studied to provide space for the connection of vacuum pumps. >

Published
2002
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40. Injection into the Elettra storage ring

Author

D. Tommasini

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Linear particle accelerator, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, Optics, visual_art, Magnet, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Cathode ray, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Vacuum chamber, Ceramic, business, Storage ring, Voltage
Abstract

The Elettra storage ring will be filled with a 2 GeV electron beam from its full energy linear accelerator. Two pulsed septum magnets will be housed in a vacuum tank and four identical fast kicker magnets in air, with an internal ceramic vacuum chamber, will be symmetrically placed around the mid-point of a single straight section. The layout of the injection section, the design of the main individual components, their manufacture and the results of the relevant test are presented and discussed. >

Published
2002
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41. The septum magnets system of Elettra

Author

D. Tommasini, P. Tosolini, R. Fabris, F. Daclon, and M. Giannini

Subjects
Nuclear magnetic resonance, Optics, Materials science, business.industry, Magnet, Electromagnetic shielding, Cathode ray, Transfer line, Thyristor, business, Storage ring, Beam (structure), Voltage
Abstract

Two septum magnets are used to deflect the 2 GeV electron beam coming from the transfer line into a trajectory which is parallel to that of the beam circulating in the storage ring Elettra. The septum magnets will be housed in a UHV vacuum tank, thus avoiding a physical separation between the transfer line and the storage ring vacuum systems. In order to obtain a high injection efficiency, the two magnets will be individually supplied with a high peak pulsed current and their positions can be individually adjusted with an external mechanical system. The design of the whole system, the manufacture and the results of the relevant tests are presented and discussed. >

Published
2002
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42. ANKA-status of the 2.5 GeV synchrotron light source at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe

Author

F. Perez, Erhard Huttel, R. Rossmanith, Ralph Steininger, S. Voigt, A. Hagestedt, Herbert O. Moser, Rolf Simon, D. Einfeld, J. Schaper, D. Tommasini, M. Plesko, and A. Krussel

Subjects
Physics, Klystron, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Synchrotron light source, Linear particle accelerator, Insertion device, law.invention, Optics, law, Thermal emittance, Radio frequency, business, Microtron, Beam (structure)
Abstract

ANKA, a 2.5 GeV synchrotron light source will be built within the next three years at the Research Centre Karlsruhe, Germany. This source is dedicated to the fabrication of microstructures (LIGA-technique) and X-ray analysis. With four double-DBA structures, a magnetic field of 1.5 T and a circumference of 110.4 m, an emittance of 39 nm/spl middot/rad can be reached. ANKA has four long (6 m) straight sections for the installation of insertion devices. Additional four short (2.2 m) straight sections host the injection scheme, four ELETTRA-type cavities (two cavities per section) and one short insertion device. The RF power will be provided by two 250 kW klystron. The pre-acceleration will be done with a 22-50 MeV linac or microtron. As injector a 500 MeV booster synchrotron with a repetition rate of 3 to 10 Hz is foreseen. The ramping from 0.5 GeV to 2.5 GeV will be done in around one minute. Eleven out of thirty-two available bending magnet radiation ports will be equipped with beam lines in the first phase.

Published
2002
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43. The LHC 450 GeV to 7 TeV Synchrotron Radiation Profile Monitor using a Superconducting Undulator

Author

P. Komorowski, R. Jung, L. Ponce, and D. Tommasini

Subjects
Physics, Cryostat, Diffraction, Large Hadron Collider, Synchrotron radiation, Undulator, Accelerators and Storage Rings, Synchrotron, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract

In LHC it will be important to measure with precision and in a non‐destructive way the proton beam profiles from 450 GeV to 7 TeV. The chosen monitor will make use of a 5 T superconducting Undulator with two periods coupled to the D3 bending magnet built by BNL. From the various variants studied, this combination is the only one which could cover the whole LHC energy range. By locating both magnets in the same cryostat, it will be possible to minimise the light source length for best precision. The choice of the undulator parameters and its basic design will be described. The evolution of the synchrotron radiation patterns along the energy ramp will be given, as well as the performance with respect to sensitivity, depth of field and diffraction, with a description of the simulation codes used.

Published
2002
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44. EPAC/LHC Magnet Papers

Author

G. Ambrosio, F. M. Ametrano, F. Broggi, N. Andreev, K. Artoos, M. Begg, G. Bellomo, L. Bottura, R. Bossert, E. Baynham, S. Caspi, P. Clee, R. Coombs, D. Dell'orco, D. Evans, S. Feher, A. Ferrari, A. Faus-Golfe, S. A. Gourlay, T. Heger, R. C. Gupta, Y. Huang, A. Ijspeert, M. Karppinen, G. Kirby, J. Kerby, D. Landgrebe, D. Leroy, M. J. Lamm, P. J. Limon, A. Lietzke, P. O. Mazur, N. Mokhov, A. D. McInturff, T. Nicol, F. Nobrega, D. Orris, J. P. Ozelis, R. Ostojic, L. Oberli, J. Ostler, T. Peterson, D. Perini, A. Poncet, R. Perin, L. Rossi, F. Rodrigues-Mateos, S. Russenchuck, T. Siambanis, N. Siegel, A. Siemko, P. Schlabach, J. Strait, R. Scanlan, G. Sabbi, J. Salminen, D. Tommasini, G. Trinquart, J. Tompkins, T. M. Taylor, J. M. Van Oort, I. Vanekov, A. Verdier, L. Walckiers, W. Weterings, R. Wolf, A. Zlobin, S. R. Milward, S. Nobes, K. D. Smith, A. J. Street, M. C. Townsend, J. R. Treadgold, J. M. Wiatrzyk, and Avinash Puntambekar

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Large Hadron Collider, law, Magnet, Particle accelerator, law.invention
Published
1996
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45. Comparative transcriptomic insights into the evolutionary origin of the tetrapod double cone.

Author

Tommasini D, Yoshimatsu T, Baden T, and Shekhar K

Abstract

The tetrapod double cone is a pair of tightly associated cones called the "principal" and the "accessory" member. It is found in amphibians, reptiles, and birds, as well as monotreme and marsupial mammals but is absent in fish and eutherian mammals. To explore the potential evolutionary origins of the double cone, we analyzed single-cell and -nucleus transcriptomic atlases of photoreceptors from six vertebrate species: zebrafish, chicken, lizard, opossum, ground squirrel, and human. Computational analyses separated the principal and accessory members in chicken and lizard, identifying molecular signatures distinguishing either member from single cones and rods in the same species. Comparative transcriptomic analyses suggest that both the principal and accessory originated from ancestral red cones. Furthermore, the gene expression variation among cone subtypes mirrors their spectral order (red → green → blue → UV), suggesting a constraint in their order of emergence during evolution. Finally, we find that rods are equally dissimilar to all cone types, suggesting that they emerged before the spectral diversification of cones., Competing Interests: Competing Interests The authors declare no competing interests.

Published
2024
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46. Helper-embedded satellites from an integrase clade that repeatedly targets prophage late genes.

Author

Tommasini D, Mageeney CM, and Williams KP

Abstract

Satellites such as phage-induced chromosomal islands (PICIs) are mobile genetic elements relying on helper phages for their mobilization, through trans-regulatory interactions. We discovered a PICI with a more intimate cis- regulatory configuration, integrated within a late gene of its helper prophage. This helper-embedded PICI (HE-PICI) configuration delays expression of the interrupted helper late gene until the satellite excises and provides passive helper-driven components to both HE-PICI replication and late transcription. Upon induction of a helper-satellite composite, precise excision of the entire composite was observed, followed by composite replication, then satellite excision. We mapped 491 additional HE-PICIs to one of 14 sites in cognates of phage lambda late genes. Associated integrases form a single phylogenetic clade with subclades respecting the 14 site groups, exhibiting repeated tropism for prophage late genes as new integration sites evolve. Four ordered zones in a general gram-negative PICI genome organization are: an integration zone encoding integrase and AlpA, a dynamic zone encoding members of the Bro-N network of domain-swapping DNA-interactive proteins and immunity repressor RNAs, a replication zone, and a dynamic late zone in which clusters as large as 17 consecutive helper prophage late genes have been captured. Helper-embedded satellites present new dimensions in satellite/helper relationships., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of NAR Genomics and Bioinformatics.)

Published
2023
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47. multiWGCNA: an R package for deep mining gene co-expression networks in multi-trait expression data.

Author

Tommasini D and Fogel BL

Subjects
Mice, Animals, Phenotype, Software, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Gene Regulatory Networks, Gene Expression Profiling methods
Abstract

Background: Gene co-expression networks represent modules of genes with shared biological function, and have been widely used to model biological pathways in gene expression data. Co-expression networks associated with a specific trait can be constructed and identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), which is especially useful for the study of transcriptional signatures in disease. WGCNA networks are typically constructed using both disease and wildtype samples, so molecular pathways associated with disease are identified. However, it would be advantageous to study such co-expression networks in their disease context across spatiotemporal conditions, but currently there is no comprehensive software implementation for this type of analysis., Results: Here, we introduce a WGCNA-based procedure, multiWGCNA, that is tailored to datasets with variable spatial or temporal traits. As well as constructing the combined network, multiWGCNA also generates a network for each condition separately, and subsequently maps these modules between and across designs, and performs relevant downstream analyses, including module-trait correlation and module preservation. When applied to astrocyte-specific RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data from various brain regions of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalitis, multiWGCNA resolved the de novo formation of the neurotoxic astrocyte transcriptional program exclusively in the disease setting. Using time-course RNA-seq from mice with tau pathology (rTg4510), we demonstrate how multiWGCNA can also be used to study the temporal evolution of pathological modules over the course of disease progression., Conclusion: The multiWGCNA R package can be applied to expression data with two dimensions, which is especially useful for the study of disease-associated modules across time or space. The source code and functions are freely available at: https://github.com/fogellab/multiWGCNA ., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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48. Alterations in oligodendrocyte transcriptional networks reveal region-specific vulnerabilities to neurological disease.

Author

Tommasini D, Fox R, Ngo KJ, Hinman JD, and Fogel BL

Abstract

Neurological disease is characterized the by dysfunction of specific neuroanatomical regions. To determine whether region-specific vulnerabilities have a transcriptional basis at cell-type-specific resolution, we analyzed gene expression in mouse oligodendrocytes across various brain regions. Oligodendrocyte transcriptomes cluster in an anatomical arrangement along the rostrocaudal axis. Moreover, regional oligodendrocyte populations preferentially regulate genes implicated in diseases that target their region of origin. Systems-level analyses identify five region-specific co-expression networks representing distinct molecular pathways in oligodendrocytes. The cortical network exhibits alterations in mouse models of intellectual disability and epilepsy, the cerebellar network in ataxia, and the spinal network in multiple sclerosis. Bioinformatic analyses reveal potential molecular regulators of these networks, which were confirmed to modulate network expression in vitro in human oligodendroglioma cells, including reversal of the disease-associated transcriptional effects of a pathogenic Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 allele. These findings identify targetable region-specific vulnerabilities to neurological disease mediated by oligodendrocytes., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2023 The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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49. Modulational instability windows in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation involving higher-order Kerr responses.

Author

Novoa D, Tommasini D, and Nóvoa-López JA

Abstract

We introduce a complete analytical and numerical study of the modulational instability process in a system governed by a canonical nonlinear Schrödinger equation involving local, arbitrary nonlinear responses to the applied field. In particular, our theory accounts for the recently proposed higher-order Kerr nonlinearities, providing very simple analytical criteria for the identification of multiple regimes of stability and instability of plane-wave solutions in such systems. Moreover, we discuss a new parametric regime in the higher-order Kerr response, which allows for the observation of several, alternating stability-instability windows defining a yet unexplored instability landscape.

Published
2015
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50. Measuring extreme vacuum pressure with ultraintense lasers.

Author

Paredes A, Novoa D, and Tommasini D

Abstract

We show that extreme vacuum pressures can be measured with current technology by detecting the photons produced by the relativistic Thomson scattering of ultraintense laser light by the electrons of the medium. We compute the amount of radiation scattered at different frequencies and angles when a Gaussian laser pulse crosses a vacuum tube and design strategies for the efficient measurement of pressure. In particular, we show that a single day experiment at a high repetition rate petawatt laser facility such as Vega, that will be operating in 2014 in Salamanca, will be sensitive, in principle, to pressures p as low as 10(-16)Pa, and will be able to provide highly reliable measurements for p >/~ 10(-14)Pa.

Published
2012
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