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Objectives: This study explored whether self-esteem would moderate the effectiveness of a self-affirmation manipulation at increasing openness to personally relevant health-risk information., Design: The study employed a prospective experimental design., Method: Participants (N = 328) completed either a self-affirmation manipulation or a control task, prior to reading information detailing the health-related consequences of taking insufficient exercise. They then completed a series of measures assessing their cognitions towards exercise and their derogation of the information. Exercise behaviour was assessed at 1-week follow-up., Results: Self-esteem moderated the impact of self-affirmation on the majority of outcomes. For participants with low self-esteem, the self-affirmation manipulation resulted in more positive attitudes and intentions towards exercise, together with lower levels of derogation of the health-risk information. By contrast, there was no effect of the self-affirmation manipulation on outcomes for participants with high self-esteem., Conclusion: Findings suggest that self-affirmation manipulations might be of particular benefit for those with low self-esteem in terms of promoting openness towards health-risk information. This is promising from a health promotion perspective, as individuals with low self-esteem often represent those most in need of intervention. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Self-affirmation has been shown to result in more open processing of personally relevant health-risk information. Individuals low in self-esteem tend to process such information more defensively than those high in self-esteem. What does this study add? It explores whether self-esteem moderates the impact of self-affirmation on responses to health-risk information. Findings suggest that individuals with low self-esteem benefit most from the self-affirmation manipulation. This has important applied implications, as individuals with low self-esteem may be most in need of intervention., (© 2014 The British Psychological Society.)

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate parents' perceptions when they were asked to enrol their unborn preterm infant in a randomised trial involving delayed cord clamping or cord milking., Methods: The parents of 58 infants were asked to take part in a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to provide feedback about how they felt about their infants being included in the research project. A total of 37 parents - 15 fathers and 22 mothers - agreed to take part., Results: Parents were generally positive about their experiences of their baby taking part in the trial, but the findings raised some concerns about the validity of the consent obtained before delivery, as it was given in a hurry, and some participants had difficulty remembering that they had agreed to take part. Four themes were identified from the interviews: implications of taking part, reasons for enrolling infants, experiences of recruitment and suggestions for improvement., Conclusion: Overall, the parents were positive about their baby taking part in the trial, but the consent process could be improved, by providing information about relevant trials earlier in the pregnancy or implementing continuous consent at key points in the trial., (©2015 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The present multicenter cohort study of 107 pediatric PUPs was performed to determine whether the concomitant inheritance of the factor (F) V G1691A or the F II G20210A mutation influences the clinical expression of severe hemophilia A (HA). Carriers of the FV and FII mutations had a significantly lower annual bleeding frequency (ABF) than non-carriers (p=0.012). Joint damage (Pettersson score) was significantly less severe in patients with thrombophilia (p=0.022). A protective effect of thrombophilic risk factors was shown for ABF (OR [CIs]: 0.7[0.5-0.9]; p=0.02) and the severity of the hemophilic arthropathy (OR [CIs]: 0.06[0.01-0.3]; p=0.0009).

In this open label pilot safety study 80 children over 3 months old with deep venous thrombosis were treated with enoxaparin with a target 4 h anti-factor Xa activity between 0.5-0.8 IU/mL. The children were stratified to receive once daily or twice daily doses. The study end-points were post-thrombotic syndrome, re-thrombosis, bleeding, and therapy-related death. The median duration of treatment was 5 months and the median follow-up was 24 months. No significant differences were found between the two groups of patients. No bleeding or therapy-related deaths occurred. These safety and efficacy data may serve as a basis to initiate an international multicenter study on enoxaparin treatment.