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This study analyzes the mutually empowering relations between Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and his followers, and how Erdoğan’s charismatic leadership and image functioned to galvanize his followers on the night of July 15, 2016, when large numbers of them mobilized against the attempted coup. The article has three sections. The first is a theoretical discussion which sheds light on the concept and the underlying mechanisms of political empowerment and its effects on the relationships between leaders and followers. The second section evaluates Erdoğan’s characteristics and ruling style, which was instrumental in motivating resistance to the abortive coup. Finally, the third section analyzes the various means by which Erdoğan was able to inspire the masses to mobilize against the armed junta through interviews and observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes how the Justice and Development Party's (AKP) understanding of new nationalism, or neo-Ottomanism, incorporates the logic of masculinist protection in its discourse. This necessitates a security-oriented state that firmly connects domestic politics with foreign policy. The concept of the logic of masculinist protection, borrowed from Iris Morrison Young, refers to the reinforcement of a gender hierarchy in politics, and signifies a paternalistic state charged with protecting a society identified with femininity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study aims to answer two cardinal questions: the first one is what has gone wrong for some of the authoritarian regimes in the Middle East? and to what extend can we call civil insurgency in the Middle east as revolution? The study argues that the Middle Eastern countries witnessing revolution attempts cannot adopt themselves to "new politics", namely open society stemming from the outcomes of globalisation and capitalism. Therefore this study is comprised by two sections. The first section analyses the concept of "new politics". the new codes and the patterns of new politics is evaluated in this section. The last section will analyse to what extend we can call civil insurgencies in the Middle east as revolution by. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the perspective of the neoconservative Justice and Development Party (AKP) on social exclusion based on the Islamist society's security and morality in Turkey. It explores the political sphere of AKP which centers on key areas such as neoliberal economics that support Turkey's integration into the global economy, cultural priority on conservatism for family, school, religion and morals, and Turkey's support to various non-governmental organizations. It reveals that social exclusion refers to the breakdown of social integration at economic, political, and cultural levels.