Search

En el presente estudio, voy a tratar de interrelacionar la mediación con algunos de los más importantes conflictos societarios. No hay duda de que el principal nexo entre los conflictos societarios y la mediación es que ésta se presenta como un procedimiento óptimo para tratar este tipo de controversias. La mediación surgió como un método alternativo a la justicia tradicional en el Siglo XX con la idea de descargar al sistema judicial de su excesiva carga de trabajo. Este trabajo va a consistir en dos partes claramente diferenciadas: en primer lugar, voy a analizar los conflictos societarios más generales, así como otro tipo de métodos a los que pueden acudir las partes para su resolución; en la segunda parte, me voy a referir exclusivamente a la mediación y voy a desarrollar ampliamente todo lo relacionado con ella, incluyendo las ventajas de utilizar este método a la hora de resolver conflictos societarios., In this study, I will try to interrelate mediation with some of the most important corporate disputes. There is no doubt that the main link between corporate conflicts and mediation is that mediation is presented as an optimal procedure to deal with this type of disputes. Mediation emerged as an alternative method to traditional justice in the 20th century with the idea of relieving the judicial system of its excessive workload. This paper will consist of two clearly differentiated parts: firstly, I will analyse the most general corporate conflicts, as well as other types of methods to which the parties can resort for their resolution; in the second part, I will refer exclusively to mediation and I will extensively develop everything related to it, including the advantages of using this method when resolving corporate conflicts., Departamento de Derecho Mercantil, Derecho del Trabajo e Internacional Privado, Grado en Derecho

Sustainability website indicators after scraping the websites of textile companies in the Comunitat Valencia region.

[EN] The scientific community is continuously developing new methods for the recovery and purification of water, since the precious resources of our planet are increasingly scarce and we must work to save and clean our waters. One of the methods used is the use of adsorbent and absorbent materials that remove from the water those substances that are harmful to the environment are nanoclays. In this work, the effect of a nanoclay, specifically Halloysite, to adsorb reactive dyes has been used as an example of a technique. As an example of this type of coloring substances, Reactive Yellow 2 has been used, which has been subjected to the adsorbent action of the mineral, having an adsorption of 78% in the proposed experiment. Subsequently, it has undergone a desorption process by applying temperature to the dye-clay hybrid, so that later, thanks to the effect of solvents (HCL and / or NaOH), the desorption process in aqueous solution can be completed, obtaining a recovery from the dye. up to 17.67% adsorbed, which is interpreted as a very good result. At the same time, the ability to stamp the HNT has been tested once the dye has been adsorbed and used on a PES / CO textile, demonstrating the viability of this process and evaluating its results by rubbing and washing fastness tests.

[EN] Cellulosic fibres, like cotton, are characterized by good properties. However, during their use and maintenance, textiles made with these fibres show high capacity of shrinkage, wrinkling and little wrinkle recovery. In order to solve this behaviour, cotton fabrics are treated applying crosslinkers agents in combination with an appropriate catalyst. In this study, 1, 2, 3, 4 butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) and a catalyser, sodium hypophosphite NaH2PO2 . H2O (SHP) were used to treat two cotton fabrics in order to get easy care properties. To study the influence of the weight per square meter of the fabrics, weave fabrics with 110 and 210 g/m2 were treated by padding system using 80 g/L of BTCA and 40 g/L of SHP. Once the treatment was applied, the samples were dried at 80ºC and cured at 160ºC, these conditions are necessary to carry out the cross-linking reaction between cellulose and BTCA. Results show that fabric with less weight per square meter has an increase of 20% of free carboxylic groups, however the fabric of higher weight presents an increase of 120%. To calculate the increase in free carboxylic groups, it has been taken into account the number of those groups from the same fabric before the treatment. As a conclusion, we can confirm that modification of properties are achieved more effectively when the treatment of polycarboxylic acids is performed on cellulosic fabrics with higher content of oxycellulose groups and this factor influence is higher than the g/m2

[EN] Sustainability in the textile industry is a challenge with an imminent need to be tackled. One approach can be focused on replacing fossil-based dyes with renewable and less polluting alternatives. In this sense, this study focuses on validating the suitability of an innovative natural-based blue dye, phycocyanin, sourced from Spirulina platensis microalgae. The laboratory-based experimental approach envisages the exhaustion dyeing of pre-mordanted cotton and bleached wool with phycocyanin-rich extract, representing the sustainable blue dye. The color characterization of naturally blue-dyed fabrics was performed via CIELab coordinates, depth of color by color stregth valures (K/S), values of dye exhaustion, and colorfastness to laundering and light. The results indicate suitable dyeability with the natural blue dye, with process improvements a possibility. The main environmental character of this process was analyzed from the dyeing effluent characterization perspective. Measurements of chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, and metal content were performed on effluents resulting from dyeing processes with variable parameters, to analyze the influence of mordant use, process temperature, time, and pH. Findings indicate that the application of optimum dyeing process conditions results in the lowest oxygen demand values, suitable for further wastewater reuse, according to international industrial effluent limitations. The biological fungi wastewater treatment resulted in the reduction of biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand values by around 80%, comparable with the industrial process, validating the sustainable character of using algae-based phycocyanin in the bath exhaustion dyeing process.

[ES] Este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar la viabilidad técnica, así como las propiedades mecánicas de los materiales compuestos formados por resina de poliéster y por fibra de carbono bordado mediante tecnología TFP (Tailored Fibre Placement). Esta tecnología ofrece grandes ventajas en lo que se refiere a la optimización del uso de fibra (p.ej. carbono) y en cuanto a la capacidad de adaptación a formas y geometrías diversas. A lo largo de este trabajo se han realizado diferentes diseños de bordados con disposiciones de fibras variadas y con orientaciones curvilíneas integradas mediante tecnología RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) como elemento de refuerzo en una matriz de resina de poliéster. El resultado ha sido composites con estructuras de refuerzo innovadoras y que no se pueden obtener mediante tejeduría de calada tradicional. Estos composites permiten personalizar y adaptar la disposición de la fibra según la dirección del esfuerzo, evitando la superposición de capas de fibra de carbono para conseguir determinado comportamiento en una dirección concreta. Este trabajo, concluye con el análisis de las propiedades mecánicas bajo esfuerzos de tracción flexión, impacto y dureza de 6 composites reforzados con fibra de carbono bordada con tecnología TFP., [EN] This work aims to analyse the technical feasibility, as well as the mechanical properties of composite materials formed by polyester resin and carbon fibre embroidered using TFP technology (Tailored Fibre Placement). This technology offers great advantages in terms of optimizing the use of fibre (e.g. carbon) and in terms of the ability to adapt to various shapes and geometries. Throughout this work, different embroidery designs have been made with varied fibre arrangements and curvilinear orientations that have been integrated using RTM (Resin Transfer Moulding) technology as a reinforcing element in a polyester resin matrix. The result has been composites with innovative reinforcing structures that cannot be obtained by traditional weaving. These composites allow customization and adaptation of the fibre arrangement according to the direction of the effort, avoiding the superposition of carbon fibre layers to achieve certain behaviour in a specific direction. This work is concluded with the analysis of the mechanical properties under tensile, flexural, impact and hardness stresses of 6 composites reinforced with carbon fibre embroidered with TFP technology

[ES] El objetivo de este Trabajo Final de Grado es el diseño de un conjunto de muebles para oficina destinados, principalmente, para ser utilizados en salas multiusos y "softseating". Algunas de las funciones principales que se requiere que cumplan estos muebles es la sostenibilidad para hacer frente a los retos del cambio climático, la sofisticación para adecuarse a las imágenes corporativas más actuales y la versatilidad para hacer frente a los nuevos entornos de trabajo, pues se pretende que los muebles puedan diversificar su uso mediante accesorios, conectándose entre ellos, por su utilización por cambio de posición propia del mueble y/o por diversidad en la utilización de materiales como madera, textil, etc. El conjunto de muebles básico estaría formado principalmente por silla y mesa. Para proceder con el Trabajo Final de Grado, se llevarán a cabo las fases de "Iniciación" y de "Diseño del producto y del proceso". En la fase de "Iniciación" se definirán los requisitos y restricciones de los diseños acordes al mercado, usos, usuarios, procesos, materiales, normativa y otros estudios específicos. Por su parte, en la fase de "Diseño del producto y del proceso" se obtendrán soluciones viables especificando formas y dimensiones; así como la selección de materiales y consideración de los métodos de producción para cada uno de los elementos componentes de los diseños propuestos. Se estudiarán de forma detallada los componentes textiles que presentará el producto con la finalidad de incrementar la confortabilidad del mismo, la diferenciación en cuanto a la imagen corporativa de la empresa y, por último, las propiedades que mejoren su comportamiento higiénico-sanitario. Si el tiempo y la magnitud de trabajo lo permiten, se podrán realizar también las fases de "Implementación" y de "Operación": -En la fase de "Implementación" se podrían construir las maquetas o prototipos del mueble o partes del mismo aplicando los métodos y procesos que se realizan en la industria manu, [EN] The objective of this Final Degree Project is the design of a set of office furniture intended, mainly, to be used in multipurpose rooms and "softseating". Some of the main functions that this furniture is required to fulfill is sustainability to face the challenges of climate change, sophistication to adapt to the most current corporate images and versatility to face new work environments, since it is aims that the furniture can diversify its use through accessories, connecting with each other, by its use by changing the position of the furniture and / or by diversity in the use of materials such as wood, textile, etc. The basic furniture set would consist mainly of a chair and table. To proceed with the Final Degree Project, the "Initiation" and "Product and process design" phases will be carried out. In the "Initiation" phase, the requirements and restrictions of the designs will be defined according to the market, uses, users, processes, materials, regulations and other specific studies. For its part, in the "Product and process design" phase, viable solutions will be obtained by specifying shapes and dimensions; as well as the selection of materials and consideration of the production methods for each of the component elements of the proposed designs. The textile components that the product will present will be studied in detail in order to increase its comfort, differentiation in terms of the company's corporate image and, finally, the properties that improve its hygienic-sanitary behavior. If time and the magnitude of work allow it, the "Implementation" and "Operation" phases can also be carried out: -In the "Implementation" phase, models or prototypes of the furniture or parts of it could be built by applying the methods and processes that are carried out in the manufacturing industry of this type of products. -For the "Operation" phase, the product support documentation would be prepared, such as the catalog, presentation videos and instruction manual.

[ES] El presente trabajo pretende desarrollar y aplicar una serie de nuevos diseños de estampación para la nueva línea ''HARMONY'' de la marca MORA. Para el desarrollo del trabajo se realizará un estudio de mercado al que pretende acceder la empresa a través de esta nueva línea. Se analizarán los tejidos habituales para la fabricación de las mantas con la intención de compatibilizarlo con los requisitos del nuevo producto, así como los requisitos que el mismo supone para la estampación dada su condición de tejido de pelo. Se estudiará el embalaje del producto y su presentación al mercado dentro de la línea de la empresa. El proyecto se realizará atendiendo a las directrices propuestas por la empresa, pero de forma paralela se analizará el diseño sostenible del producto proponiéndose alternativas viables., [EN] The aim of the present work is to develop and to apply a series of new stamping designs for the new line called ¿ HARMONY¿ from the ¿MORA¿ brand. To develop the work will be carried out a market study , to which the company intends to access through this new line . The usual fabrics for the manufacture of blankets will be analysed with the intention of making it compatible with the requirements from the new product, as well as the requirements that the new product require given its condition of hair tissue . The product packaging and the market presentation will be studied following the company line. The proyect will be carried out according to the guidelines proposed by the company. However, in a parallel way will be analysed the sustainable design of the product proposing alternatives .

[CA] El projecte que a continuació es presenta, desenvolupa el disseny d'un culotte per a facilitar la micció dels ciclistes durant les curses de competició. Per a poder centrar-se en un nou disseny que cumplisca les necessitats trobades en els esportistes que practiquen aquest tipus de d'esport i millorar les peces de roba actuals, es realitza un estudi de mercat en el que es destaquen les parts de la prenda estudiada, així com les diverses possibilitats a tindre en compte. Com a sol-lució, es tracta d'un model amb un sistema d¹obertura provist de dos clips que permet descobrir la zona pèlvica de forma ràpida i senzilla sense haver de despullar-se completament o haver d¹estissar la tela fent-la malbé. La peça de roba es planteja des d'un punt de vista sostenible, des de materials fins a procesos de producció i distribució/comercialització. També, es desenvolupa l'ergonomia del disseny per a que l'usuari puga gaudir d'un pedaleig confortable sense pedre aerodinamisme i siga capaç aprofitar al màxim el rendiment de la roba. S'estudien i seleccionen totes les parts de la prenda, desde les materies, estructures, patrons, procesos i maquinaria necessaries per a obtindre l'article tèxtil objecte de disseny en aquest treball., [ES] El proyecto que a continuación se presenta, desarrolla el diseño de un culotte, con un balance medioambiental favorable, para facilitar la micción de los ciclistas durante las carreras de competición de duración prolongada. Se pretende centrarse en un nuevo diseño que cumpla las necesidades de los deportistas mejorando las prendas de ropa actuales, con un sistema de apertura proveído con botones a presión, capaz de descubrir la zona pélvica de forma rápida y sencilla sin tener que desnudarse completamente o de estirar la tela echándola a perder. De esta forma, los ciclistas de competición podrán realizar la micción en el mínimo tiempo posible durante las carreras, y recuperar rápidamente la posición. Se desarrollará el diseño del culotte así como de la badana, el elemento encargado de proteger frente los golpes la pelvis. Se plantea un diseño unisex y sostenible, que tenga cura de los materiales y procesos sin dejar de lado la ergonomía, garantizando una buena adaptabilidad al usuario que lo aseguro disfrutar de un pedaleo confortable sin pedrero aerodinamisme, aprovechando al máximo el confort y rendimiento de la ropa., [EN] The project that is presented below develops the design of a culotte, with a favourable environmental balance, to facilitate cycling during long-duration races. It is intended to focus on a new design that meets the needs of sportspeople by improving current clothing, with an opening system provided with pressure buttons, capable of discovering the pelvic area quickly and easily without having to completely strip away or stretch the cloth to the ground. In this way, competitive cyclists will be able to perform the mication as long as possible during races, and quickly regain the position. The design of the cenotte as well as the badana, the element in charge of protecting against the hip hops, will be developed. A one-sex and sustainable design, which takes care of materials and processes without leaving aside láergonomy, ensures a good adaptability to the user who ensures him to enjoy a comfortable pedaling without aerodynamic pedrer, taking full advantage of the comfort and performance of the clothing.

[EN] Nature, including the oceans, is polluted by the presence of plastics. Different products can be found, including plastic bottles, toys, toothpaste tubes, fruit meshes, etc. Small pieces of plastics, known as microplastics, have been found in the oceans and there is concern that their impact is increasing. Some of those microplastics are considered to come from the textile products. In this article, the authors will suggest how to minimize the environmental problem of the presence of microplastics in wastewaters from textile laundries. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of some parameters related to the design of fabrics. A relationship between microplastic release and parameters from weave design will be established. A fiberglass filter was used to analyze water from the laundry. Results demonstrated that the interlacing coefficient influences the number of particles in the wastewaters. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the higher the density of yarns/cm in the fabric, the lower the quantity of fibers could be found in the wastewater. Results demonstrated that the presence of weave patterns, such as a plain pattern, work better from the sustainability point of view than a twill. The interlacing coefficient and the weft density are important to prevent the microplastic release.

[EN] Teaching at engineering schools is affected, as many other disciplines, by the necessity of moving from traditional lecturing to more active methods. Preparation to real work must not be only focused on the special skills related to the studies but include transversal competences as well. Those competences must be focused on what society is supposed to request. Nowadays, considering we are living in a competitive environment, those competences are basically: critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, lifelong learners [1,2] Pear Instruction (PI) is a didactic method that began in 1990 by Professor Eric Mazur to teach Physics. It is based on explaining briefly a concept and let the student to develop it firstly individually and later on in groups. PI is a teaching strategy in which two-three students discuss and explain their thinking in relation to a specific topic. The objective of the discussion is a deeper understanding of the topic or problem under discussion, which makes them much more likely to remember and use the concept and ultimately produce more quality learning. The act of explaining and defending what one has understood against the alternative explanations of others, helps students to become deeply involved in learning [3]. The aim of this paper is to show the results of an experience when Peer instructions was adapted and used in a different subject from physics. The method was used among the students in an optional subject at Engineering studies in design, a subject from textile engineering area. Three important concepts on the subject were selected. The contents were thought by flip teaching as a recorded lesson (less than 10 minutes). The student answered a test and worked in teams in the classroom discussing which was the correct answer. Finally, the team answered and it was analyzed, offering feedback to the whole class. It was evidenced that students changes their attitude towards considering different points of view and tackling the su