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Dialysis; Peritoneal dialysis Diálisis; Diálisis peritoneal Diàlisi; Diàlisi peritoneal Studies that specifically quantify the appropriateness of the process of dialysis modality selection are lacking. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) offers clinical and social advantages over hemodialysis (HD), but may be underused. We aimed to determine the appropriateness of the process of dialysis modality selection and quantify the percentage of patients who could potentially have been PD candidates. We performed a cross-sectional study that included adult patients from a hospital Nephrology Department in Barcelona who started dialysis between 2014 and 2015. We assessed the appropriateness of dialysis modalities selection by defining 3 sequential domains based on 3 critical steps in choosing a dialysis modality: eligibility for either treatment, information about modalities, and shared decision-making. We obtained data using medical records and a patient questionnaire. The dialysis modality selection process was considered appropriate when patients had no contraindications for the selected option, received complete information about both modalities, and voluntarily chose the selected option. A total of 141 patients were included in this study. The median age was 72 years (interquartile range 63–82 years), and 65% of the patients were men. The dialysis modality selection process was potentially inappropriate in 22% of the participants because of problems related to information about dialysis modalities (15%) or shared decision-making (7%). Appropriate PD use can potentially increase from 17% to 38%. Patient age and lack of information regarding dialysis options were independently associated with the potential degree of inappropriate dialysis modality selection. Our findings indicate areas for improvement in the selection of dialysis modalities. With better education and shared decision-making, the number of patients with PD could potentially double. The analysis of appropriateness is a helpful approach for studying renal replacement treatment patterns and identifying strategies to optimize their use.

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM, Data on renal replacement therapy (RRT) for end-stage renal disease were collected by the European Renal Association (ERA) Registry via national and regional renal registries in Europe and countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. This article provides a summary of the 2019 ERA Registry Annual Report, including data from 34 countries and additional age comparisons. Methods: Individual patient data for 2019 were provided by 35 registries and aggregated data by 17 registries. Using these data, the incidence and prevalence of RRT, the kidney transplantation activity and the survival probabilities were calculated. In 2019, a general population of 680.8 million people was covered by the ERA Registry. Overall, the incidence of RRT was 132 per million population (p.m.p.). Of these patients, 62% were men, 54% were ≥65 years of age and 21% had diabetes mellitus as primary renal disease (PRD), and 84% had haemodialysis (HD), 11% had peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 5% had pre-emptive kidney transplantation as an initial treatment modality. The overall prevalence of RRT on 31 December 2019 was 893 p.m.p., with 58% of patients on HD, 5% on PD and 37% living with a kidney transplant. The overall kidney transplant rate was 35 p.m.p. and 29% of the kidney grafts were from a living donor. The unadjusted 5-year survival probability was 42.3% for patients commencing dialysis, 86.6% for recipients of deceased donor grafts and 94.4% for recipients of living donor grafts in the period 2010-14. When comparing age categories, there were substantial differences in the distribution of PRD, treatment modality and kidney donor type, and in the survival probabilities, The ERA Registry is funded by the ERA. This article was written by R. Boenink et al. on behalf of the ERA Registry, which is an official body of the ERA. In addition, S.B. reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, outside the submitted work; A.D.-S. reports personal fees from Astellas and Fresenius, outside the submitted work; F.L. reports personal fees from MeditesPharma, outside the submitted work; R.P. reports grants from The Iceland Centre for Research, Landspitali University Hospital Research Fund and University of Iceland Research Fund, outside the submitted work; P.F. reports grants from Finska läkaresällskapet and Liv och Hälsa, outside the submitted work; M.F.S.R. reports personal fees from Baxter and Fresenius, outside the submitted work; A.O. reports grants from Sanofi, and personal fees from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Amicus, Bayes, Fresenius Medical Care and Idorsia, outside the submitted work; and K.J.J. reports grants from ERA, during the conduct of the study

Despite the high incidence of posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) among high-risk recipients, no studies have investigated its prevention by immunosuppression optimization. We conducted an open-label, multicenter, randomized trial testing whether a tacrolimus-based immunosuppression and rapid steroid withdrawal (SW) within 1 week (Tac-SW) or cyclosporine A (CsA) with steroid minimization (SM) (CsA-SM), decreased the incidence of PTDM compared with tacrolimus with SM (Tac-SM). All arms received basiliximab and mycophenolate mofetil. High risk was defined by age >60 or >45 years plus metabolic criteria based on body mass index, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. The primary endpoint was the incidence of PTDM after 12 months. The study comprised 128 de novo renal transplant recipients without pretransplant diabetes (Tac-SW: 44, Tac-SM: 42, CsA-SM: 42). The 1-year incidence of PTDM in each arm was 37.8% for Tac-SW, 25.7% for Tac-SM, and 9.7% for CsA-SM (relative risk [RR] Tac-SW vs. CsA-SM 3.9 [1.2-12.4; P = 0.01]; RR Tac-SM vs. CsA-SM 2.7 [0.8-8.9; P = 0.1]). Antidiabetic therapy was required less commonly in the CsA-SM arm (P = 0.06); however, acute rejection rate was higher in CsA-SM arm (Tac-SW 11.4%, Tac-SM 4.8%, and CsA-SM 21.4% of patients; cumulative incidence P = 0.04). Graft and patient survival, and graft function were similar among arms. In high-risk patients, tacrolimus-based immunosuppression with SM provides the best balance between PTDM and acute rejection incidence.

Feylinia grandisquamis es un síncido africano caracterizado por contar con el cuerpo alargado y las extremidades ausentes. En el presente trabajo se describe en detalle la anatomía de las vísceras de Feylinia grandisquamis, y algunos aspectos de su variación intraespecífica. Los resultados se comparan con otro género de Scincidae (Anomalopus) y representantes de grandes grupos de escamados que exhiben patrones corporales semejantes (Lialis burtonis, Amphisbaena darwinii, Boa constrictor, Ophiodes striatus, Anguis fragilis). Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: a) determinar la morfología de las vísceras de Feylinia; b) los aspectos de su variación intraespecífica; c) discutir convergencias y paralelismos con Saurios, Anfisbénidos y Ofidios., Feylinia grandisquamis is an African Scincid characterized for a snakeshaped body and total absence of limbs. In this work the visceral anatomy of Feylinia grandisquamis is described, as well as aspects of its intraspecific variation. The results are compared with another scincid (Anomalopus) and representatives of other Squamate groups with similar body plans (Lialis burtonis, Amphisbaena darwinii, Boa constrictor, Ophiodes striatus, Anguis fragilis). The objectives were: a) To determine the visceral anatomy of Feylinia; b) The aspects of its intraespecific variation; and c) Discuss convergences and parallelisms with possible occurrence in Lizards, Amphisbaenids and Ophidia., Asociación Herpetológica Argentina (AHA)

República Argentina, Provincia de Santa Cruz, Dep. Río Chico (48° 34' S 71° 25' W), Estancia La Justita, Meseta Lago Strobel, 1100 msnm. Dos adultos (un macho y una hembra). MACN 31916- 31917. Johnson, Casañas & Piagazzi cols., 10 de Diciembre de 1985., Asociación Herpetológica Argentina (AHA)

Debido a la falta de información sobre la procedencia exacta de colecta de los ejemplares de la serie tipo Liolaemus andinus y posterior pérdida, durante mucho tiempo se asignaron a esta especie varias poblaciones con características morfológicas dispares, lo que trajo como pro-blema la identificación del verdadero L. andinus. Este estudio comenzó en el año 2004 y luego de dieciséis años de investigación de las poblaciones asignadas o relacionadas a L. andinus, se la redescribe, se designa un neotipo, se considera su probable procedencia y se aportan datos de su biología y distribución. Asimismo, se presenta una hipótesis sobre la procedencia y dis-tribución de L andinus basada en argumentos biológicos e históricos. También se determina la posición taxonómica de las poblaciones asignadas y confundidas con L. andinus, varias de las cuales tienen afinidad con Liolaemus poecilochromus y Liolaemus rosenmanni. Los análisis morfológicos y moleculares desarrollados en este estudio, nos permiten describir dos nuevas especies de Liolaemus, que anteriormente eran identificadas y confundidas con Liolaemus andinus. Estos nuevos taxones habitan en la región fitogeográfica altoandina de Argentina, en altitudes mayores a 3000 m s.n.m; una se distribuye en el suroeste de la provincia de Catamarca y la restante en el centro oeste de la provincia de La Rioja. Las diferencias morfológicas más significativas entre estas nuevas especies y Liolaemus andinus se encuentran principalmente en el patrón de coloración y algunos caracteres de lepidosis relacionados al número de escamas., Due to lack of information about the precise type locality of Liolaemus andinus, and the subse-quent loss of the type material, for a long-time various population of divergent morphological characteristics were assigned to this taxon, which caused the identification of the true L. andinusto become problematic. The present study started in 2004 and after sixteen years of research of the various populations assigned or related to this species, L. andinus is redescribed, a neotype is assigned, and considerations on its probable provenance, and data on its biology and distri-bution are provided. Also, a hypothesis is presented on the provenance of L. andinus based on biological and historical support evidence. The taxonomic position of populations that have been assigned to and confused with L. andinus in the literature is determined, several of which have affinity with L. poecilochromus and L. rosenmanni. Morphology and molecular-based analyses performed in this study allow us to describe two new Liolaemus species, previously confused and identified as Liolaemus andinus. These new taxa inhabit the high Andes phytogeographic region in Argentina, at altitudes above 3000 m a.s.l. One of these species is distributed in the southwest of Catamarca province and the other inhabits the central-western portion of La Rioja province. The most significant morphological differences between these new species and Liolaemus andinus are mainly the coloration pattern and some lepidosis characters related to number of scales., Asociación Herpetológica Argentina

Fil: Andrade Díaz, María Soledad. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas; Argentina. En Argentina, la mayoría de las áreas protegidas (AP) no fueron creadas en base a objetivos de conservación ni de forma sistemática. Además, los sitios “de alto valor de conservación”, según la Ley Nacional 26.331 (OTBN), son sitios de bajo valor económico, remotos o inaccesibles. En las provincias de Salta y Jujuy, el intenso cambio en la cobertura del suelo transformó grandes superficies de bosques de Yungas y Chaco en sistemas agropecuarios. Los anfibios y reptiles no fueron considerados como prioridades de conservación en dichas provincias por lo que demandan estrategias efectivas de conservación. Este trabajo propone redes de áreas prioritarias para la conservación (APC) de la herpetofauna en los bosques nativos de Salta y Jujuy utilizando modelos de distribución de especies, la huella humana y el algoritmo ZONATION. Los resultados muestran que: (1) las AP son insuficientes para conservar la herpetofauna; (2) los análisis de priorización identificaron áreas de alta prioridad en el norte y centro de las Yungas y en el noroeste y centro del Chaco; (3) con una priorización del 17%, se obtuvieron áreas que favorecerían la conectividad entre las AP dentro de las Yungas y entre zonas Yungas-Chaco; (4) mediante el solapamiento de APC con el OTBN, se obtuvo que la categoría II incluye la mayor porción del rango de distribución de los grupos. Este trabajo es relevante dado que las PAC seleccionadas para la herpetofauna complementan las actuales AP y el OTBN, siendo así un insumo crucial para futuras revisiones del Ordenamiento Territorial. In Argentina, most of the protected areas (PA) were not created based on conservation goals. In addition, sites “of high conservation value”, according to National Law 26,331 (OTBN), are sites of low economic value, remote or inaccessible. In the provinces of Salta and Jujuy, the accelerated change in land cover transformed large areas of forests in the Yungas and Chaco into agricultural systems. Amphibians and reptiles were not considered as conservation priorities in these provinces, so they demand effective conservation strategies. This work proposes networks of priority areas for the conservation (PAC) of herpetofauna in the native forests of Salta and Jujuy using species distribution models, the human footprint, and the ZONATION algorithm. The results showed that: (1) PAs are insufficient to conserve herpetofauna; (2) prioritization analyzes identified high priority areas in the north and center of the Yungas and in the northwest and center of the Chaco; (3) with prioritization of 17%, areas were obtained that would favor connectivity between PAs within the Yungas and between Yungas-Chaco areas; (4) by overlapping the PAC with the OTBN, it was obtained that category II includes the largest portion of the distribution range of the groups. This work is relevant given that the PACs selected for the herpetofauna complements the current AP and OTBN, thus being a crucial input for the future revision of the OTBN. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas