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The surface of an architectural drawing can be a cauldron of creativity, a place where even gravity and friction might not exist. Russian‐born and based in Paris, architecturally trained artist Kirill Chelushkin creates astounding, often large‐scale works that explore the ontology of drawing. Here he describes the inspirations for his machine‐related architectural representations, including Russian Constructivism and historical, battered and burnt blueprint drawings of the rapidly disappearing machines of the Soviet industrial complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This historical analysis contends that the shaping of Detroit and its enduring racial character have been informed and influenced by two pivotal currents: its history of violent racial struggle (White rage) and police brutality and their imposition of subordinating place for Afro-Americans within Detroit's metropolitan color line. The current survey looks at three significant intervals: The Ossian Sweet Case and Race Riot of 1925, the 1943 Race Riot, and the 1967 "Rebellion." These decades provide a vivid story-catching that follows the racial foundations "set in stone" by the Blackburn Riot of 1833, by which we can begin to understand the patterns of White status threat and the counter-response of Black resistance with its attendant quest for universal freedom and egalitarian aspirations (Barton, (2010). Setting the record straight: American history in Black & White. WallBuilder Press; Walton et al., (2017). American politics and the African-American quest for universal freedom. Routledge.). In contrast to the narrative of "the arsenal of democracy," racial antagonism by many Whites lurked at the heart of social upheavals within Detroit's battleground of race and class from the 1920s to the 1960s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The potential for ancillary real estate transformation and downtown revitalization has moved to the forefront of sports venue subsidy arguments. Despite the City of Detroit being in the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history at the time, $324 million in public funding was directly provided to Little Caesars Arena, a new home for the Detroit Red Wings hockey team. Using the Detroit context, this article examines how a major arena subsidy deal arose in a severely financially distressed city. Methods: Using a snowball technique, documents were collected from government, media, industry, community, legal, and academic sources to inform a retrospective, single case study. Over 300 documents covering a period from 1992 to 2021 were then reviewed for prospective relevance. A review of secondary media sources was conducted in lieu of traditional interviews. Results: The arena funding outcome is best explained by three interrelated aspects: local growth coalitions, real estate development promises, and lacking procedural and financial transparency exacerbated by both the chosen funding mechanism of tax increment financing (TIF) and the bankruptcy. Conclusions: Where flexible financial subsidies and arena deal making are concerned, procedural transparency matters. Growth coalitions and rent‐seeking team owners can use the earmarked nature of TIF to circumvent traditional budgetary processes and mute prospective opposition through promises of self‐financing subsidies that will not result in new tax rate hikes. For venue deals where the substance is in the details of contractual obligations, transparency and adequate time for scrutiny are especially important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Planning Education & Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores water politics, neoliberal austerity measures, and racial capitalism in contemporary Detroit. I detail how a city campaign of mass residential water shutoffs, begun in 2014 and effecting tens of thousands of Detroit households, has served as a weapon against poor communities of color to produce economic outcomes favorable to corporate creditors and political elites. I argue that an analysis of water politics in contemporary Detroit allows for a more nuanced understanding of how neoliberal urbanism produces its own distinctive structures of racial and gendered oppression—not class domination alone. Drawing on fieldwork with city activists and other residents impacted by water terminations, this article analyzes how capitalism has relied on race to validate myriad expressions of violence, capital accumulation, and dispossession. I submit that water is a resource whose provision and denial provides a lens through which to ascertain who is and is not regarded as fully human in the context of the neoliberalization of racial capitalism. This piece also details innovative ways in which water rights activists and other Detroit residents have resisted authoritarian water policies and crafted survival strategies to persevere in the face of abiding threats to their health and human rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the divergent trajectories of automotive investment and employment in Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario. Located on opposite shores of the Detroit River, in the United States and Canada respectively, Detroit and Windsor are the founding cities of the North American auto industry. Long dominated by the Big Three, their factories have produced vehicles for the same continental market since 1965. Each has weathered parallel challenges since then, including spikes in the price of oil, the Big Three's loss of market share, the transition to lean production, and the near-collapses of Chrysler and GM. Yet Detroit began deindustrializing decades earlier and lost much more employment than Windsor. To determine why, we compared their automotive sectors from 1900 to the 2010s. Since the Depression, each city has repeatedly confronted the prospect of deindustrialization, but three factors have made Windsor more resilient: (1) federal and provincial interventions on its behalf, (2) Windsor's greater competitiveness with respect to factor costs, quality, and innovation, and (3) Windsor's annexation of outlying territory to capture new factories. These differences show how national, subnational, and regional/local policies have mediated corporate decision-making to produce a variegated North American Rust Belt, with Canada outperforming the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionDetroit has encountered economic crises that negatively impacted residents’ neighborhood characteristics. Although substantial efforts are being made to enhance Detroit neighborhoods, there is limited understanding of the impact of Detroit’s neighborhood characteristics on residents’ mental well-being. With its potential to address this gap, this study aimed to examine the relationship between mental health status and satisfaction with neighborhood characteristics.MethodsData from the 12th wave (2021) of the Detroit Metro Area Communities were utilized for this cross-sectional study. Participants included individuals 18 or older residing in Detroit (N = 2,173). To meet the study’s objective, descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between mental health and neighborhood characteristics.ResultsCompared to participants who reported being very satisfied, participants who reported being very dissatisfied with the crime level were 2.12 times (95% CI = 1.10–4.08) more likely to have a higher number of mentally unhealthy days. The odds of a higher number of mentally unhealthy days were 77% (AOR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.03–3.04) among those who reported being very dissatisfied with housing prices.DiscussionResearch on Detroit residents’ mental well-being found a significant relationship between neighborhood characteristics and mentally unhealthy days. The findings can be used to advocate and plan programs to reduce crime levels in Detroit. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of assessing the impact of the American Rescue Plan Act on both neighborhood characteristics and residents’ mental health. It also highlights the need to enhance behavioral health services for residents.

This article examines the ways in which Detroit Eviction Defense (DED) and other activist organisations employ a logic of care to argue for Black Detroiters' right to define who may claim home and place in the city. The article uses the foreclosure case of longtime Detroiter Lela Whitfield to examine the ways in which DED successfully resists eviction by arguing publicly that legitimate claims to land and home should be based on how one cares for it-in terms of stewardship, in terms of relationships on and with places, and based on how one uses it. This essay argues that this logic of care has roots in a Black radical tradition and in the particular conditions of racial capitalism in Detroit. Ultimately, DED and other Detroiters offer care as an alternate logic to resist "racial banishment" and establish alternate place-claiming logics in the context of urban housing crisis, austerity, and financialisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the biodiversity of Chironomidae was investigated in Palmer Park Pond A, an urban vernal pond in Detroit, Michigan, USA. This study is developed as part of our ongoing Public Environmental Outreach Program at the Detroit Exploration and Nature Center in Palmer Park. Twenty-one Chironomidae species were discovered in and on the adjacent riparian vegetation of this pond using molecular and morphological methods. Three species Bryophaenocladius palmerparcum Namayandeh & Hudson sp. nov., Limnophyes stagnum Namayandeh, Guerra & Ram sp. nov., and Rheocricotopus (s. s.) angustus Namayandeh & Hudson sp. nov. are new to science. Bryophaenocladius palmerparcum sp. nov. and L. stagnum sp. nov. are unusual Orthoclads, with B. palmerparcum sp. nov. possessing a setose, short, and wide anal point and L. stagnum sp. nov. lacking lanceolate setae on both sexes. Based on the shape of superior volsella, R. angustus sp. nov., belongs to the effusus group, which was also confirmed by DNA barcoding molecular analysis. In this study, a new faunistic record was also found for the Nearctic as well as four new faunistic records for the state of Michigan. Ephemeral aquatic habitats such as vernal pools are often overlooked or destroyed by urbanization activities, controlling vector species, creating groomed fields, and/or residential development. Therefore, finding these new species demonstrates the biodiversity value of vernal ponds as important habitats, further motivating us to preserve them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines home price spillovers associated with the number of nearby current and former real estate owned (REO) properties. The effect of active REOs is decomposed into the contributions of properties owned by the government sponsored enterprises (GSEs), US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and private entities to assess impacts associated with differences in managing REO inventories. The impact of former REOs is decomposed into spillovers associated with investor and owner-occupied properties. This study draws on home sale price data in the Detroit tri-county area 2008–2013. Results indicate REOs owned by HUD and private entities are associated with substantial discounts, with the largest effects appearing after remaining in REO inventory for more than one year. Investor-owned properties are associated with sustained and growing negative price effects through more than three years of ownership. Policies ensuring adequate oversight of REOs and sales to owner-occupants and non-speculative investors are encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is situated within the conceptual lineage of St. Clair Drake and Horace Cayton's groundbreaking Black Metropolis model. However, it provides a new way of considering this intellectual heritage. The analysis suggests that African American traditions of Pan-Africanism have not been expansively addressed in their magnitude on Black urban sociology. Drake and Cayton's theorization is reconfigured as it exists within a Pan-African value system for the contemporary Black (Diasporic) city. The research presents "unsung" Pan-African tropes that are central to the maintenance of the Black city's identity and psychological cohesion. If the mind is the "primary battlefield" as Garvey insists, then it is important to note the (beneficial) psychological impact that African American redemption and the Pan- African Metropolis can bestow on African Americans. The discussion locates Pan-Africanism as a tangible operating mechanism on African Americans' lifestyle, mental health, and (Africanized) identities within Detroit's Black community. Field observations of Detroit's African World Festival connect these festival spaces as they characterize and drive the city's identity, psychology, economic considerations, and ultimately, Pan-African groundings. The sustainability of an Afrocentric philosophy and psychology has enhanced the Black city in the manifestation of a distinctive cultural political economy. The Pan African Metropolis emerged during Detroit's Black Arts Movement (the 1970s of my youth). To this end, the article pushes back against "the lie" which overgeneralizes African Americans in a Black deficit homogeneity, whereas the "alleged Black American monolith" is not connected to any operating African continuum in their daily lives. Plain language summary: The Pan African Metropolis: Pan African Lives in a Pan African City All cities have a psychological effect on their inhabitants. How does a Pan-African value system shape the distinctive character and mindset of a city? This article attempts to answer this question. The current research on Detroit's African World Festival looks at how it connects to a larger Africanized World of Detroit (from the 1970s to the present). It locates and celebrates African Americans in Detroit who live devoted, daily Pan-African lives. It voices how the city has benefited from the norm of its Pan-African leadership. The discussion fills a needed gap as it looks at how contemporary customs of Pan-Africanism have made a positive impact on African Americans' lifestyle and mental health who live in Detroit, Michigan. The argument presents unique Pan-African values, which are referred to as Pan African tropes. These tropes have uniquely shaped Detroit's Black community's psychological makeup and distinctive personality. From this perspective, Pan-Africanism is discussed here from a holistic perspective for African Americans. It is considered deliberately as a mindset-shaping and Black progress philosophy in the foundation of the city. The cultural agency of Detroit has created an unsung tradition of Black placemaking through African heritage connections, celebrations, and preservation. Garvey insists what has made African Americans reject their African heritage is brainwashing from white/European inducement of continued mental slavery, as Bob Marley captures Garvey's most comprehensive message in Redemption Song, "Emancipate yourself from mental slavery, none but ourselves can free our minds". This is why Garvey tells us the primary battlefield is the mind. Ultimately, the mental health of African Americans is dependent upon the recovery of their historical dignity, and a tranformative Africana Studies education, and thus, more accurate knowledge as it applies to them. Thus, Pan-Africanism has a seriously unrecognized psychological benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The American Midwest with its own architectural histories and topologies may be termed a land of few walls. Architect Kevin Erickson examines Lebbeus Woods's relation to this landscape and the genesis of his preoccupation with walls, not as protectors of boundaries, but as sites of dialogue and collaboration. Rather than mere surfaces for large paintings, walls – new or abandoned – invite reflection on the relationship between art and architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the number of historic renovation and restoration projects in the US city of Detroit has been increasing to preserve the cultural heritage and to meet current needs. However, this type of project has distinct challenges from new construction projects. This paper reports the results of a qualitative study investigating challenges encountered during historic building renovations in Detroit. The objective is to fill a gap in the construction literature concerning practices for managing large domestic historic building renovation projects. Strong industry interest in the topic also motivated the completion of this study. The expert interview method was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with six expert practitioners concerning their experiences. Data concerning common challenges, pitfalls, and other issues were gathered, analyzed, and grouped into seven categories (code compliance, historic status, organizational, design, construction, budget/schedule, and technology). The results corroborate many findings and general themes from the prior literature on historic building renovation while reporting several novel findings absent in the reviewed literature. In addition, this paper provides recommendations to avoid and mitigate such challenges. Primary recommendations include developing strong collaborative working protocols between the parties; selecting key team members based on successful past working relationships, not price or cost of service; and, if feasible, conducting hazardous material abatement and selective demolition activities prior to completion of the design to derisk the project. Additionally, 23 secondary recommendations focused on numerous tactical, management, and technical matters are provided. This study contributes to the body of knowledge in the quality and risk management research domain as well as the restoration and renovation construction domain. The practical contribution of this study is to allow industry practitioners to better understand this special type of construction project and strategize quality control and management plans by providing common challenges and recommendations. Challenges encountered during large historic renovations in Detroit were investigated to identify suggested practices for better management of this project type. In addition to verifying prior findings from historic renovations performed elsewhere, new information is presented concerning key knowledge and practice gaps, authority having jurisdiction interface issues, organizational/funding constraints, negligence and standard of care concerns, misaligned competing incentives surrounding hazardous material abatement, and detailed information about design and construction challenges for this project type in Detroit. Three primary recommendations and 23 secondary recommendations are provided for better management, including developing strong collaborative working protocols between the parties; selecting key team members based on successful past working relationships, not price or cost of service; and, if feasible, conducting hazardous material abatement and selective demolition activities prior to completion of the design to derisk the project. The findings will aid design and construction practitioners in making informed decisions about historic renovation projects, thereby improving project delivery and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article takes a further step in identifying a more complete economic history of deindustrialization. Following the extension of the timeline and its divorce from the 1970s, this article examines the reasons for production facility relocation out of Detroit prior to the 1970s with a particular focus on the auto industry. This article uses multiple collections from the Reuther Archives at Wayne State University, as well as a data set built from census wage data, to show that production facilities relocated away from Detroit in search of lower wages and tax costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fugitive dust (FD) is a nuisance and potential health issue, particularly in environmental justice communities that can experience high levels of contaminated FD. This community-initiated study examined FD from a scrap metal processor in Detroit, Michigan, to determine whether the FD was contaminated, how it migrated through the community, whether wipe or composite road dust samples were preferable, and whether literature profiles adequately characterized this source. The study was motivated by community concerns, as well as a massive subsidence/upheaval event resulting from excessive accumulation of mill scale, which is a type of scrap metal, at the facility. We collected 57 wipe samples from windows and other surfaces, and 20 composite road dust and surface soil samples, which were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence. Concentrations were expressed using the fraction of the reconstructed mass. We also compared results to air quality monitoring data and calculated pollution indices and enrichment factors. Samples collected near the processor had high levels of Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sr, and Zn compared with background soils, and levels remained elevated in residential areas several blocks distant. Composite road dust/sediment samples appeared preferable to wipe samples for chemical characterization. The available chemical profiles did not match the FD composition, suggesting the need for local profiles. The high level of Fe, which is consistent with mill scale, was a novel finding and caused the road dust to exceed health protection screening levels. Numerous metal scrap facilities operate locally and nationally, and our results show the need to improve controls to limit or eliminate FD emissions from industrial sources using enforced policies that reduce dust generation and truck track-out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utility of land as a form of security is nothing new; however, the exact interpretation of “security” has shifted during times of crisis. Security through landedness can mean grounds from which to extract resources; a commodity to be bought, managed, and sold; a tract from which to draw sustenance; or a space for habitation and community building. This essay explores these many conflicting fluctuations in the identity projected upon land, by both the state and private interests, through the rise and fall of two specific patterns of land tenure: the suburbs of Detroit, Michigan and the agrarian, communal ejidal settlements of Mexico.

W niniejszym artykule podjęto się wyjaśnienia znaczenia człowieka jako podmiotu w dzia[1]łalności społeczno -gospodarczej, mającego realny wpływ na kierunek rozwoju społeczności. W szcze[1]gólności przedstawiono model człowieka rozpowszechniony w literaturze tematu, a oparty na koncepcji dwóch filozofów nowożytnych – Adama Smitha i Fredericka W. Taylora. Dla zilustrowania wyjaśnienia teoretycznego posłużono się przykładami trzech społeczności (Detroit, Fordlandii i Empire) zbudo[1]wanymi według koncepcji wspomnianych teoretyków. Wskazano na pomijane w literaturze znaczenie współpracy konkretnych osób w działalności społeczno -gospodarczej: twórców koncepcji teoretycznych, a także przywódców oraz podwładnych. Wreszcie przedstawiono realistyczne ujęcie podmiotowości osoby ludzkiej. Zgodnie z nim człowiek zdolny jest do posługiwania się władzami intelektualnymi oraz wolitywnymi i faktycznie przyczynia się do rozwoju bądź upadku społeczno -gospodarczego poprzez swoje decyzje, wybory i działania.

Urban blight is a complex problem that has been challenging for cities in the United States "Rust Belt" region for many decades. However, in the wake of the real estate and financial crisis, it is also a growing challenge for urban communities in many states such as California, Arizona, Nevada, and Texas. Detroit was particularly hit hard, where more than 40,000 blighted structures were identified in 2014. To curb blight, the city mobilized the most extensive demolition program in the country. Funded through the Federal Hardest Hit Fund (HHF), the Detroit Demolition Program began in 2014 and has demolished more than 20,800 properties at the cost of over $250 million. Furthermore, during 2009–2015, the city demolished 11,400 structures with hazardous materials such as asbestos. In this article, we assess the impacts of demolitions on the value of neighboring properties using a Repeat Sales (RS) regression approach. Specifically, we use housing sales price information from 2009 through 2019 to construct real estate price indices. We also rely on information from the 2009 Detroit Residential Survey to differentiate by dilapidation and blight levels before the start of the program. On average, blight removal through the demolition program does not appear to have been capitalized into the residential property prices. However, when considering the effect of ex‐ante program property characteristics, we find a modest positive effect of demolitions on property prices in areas with a low level of blight before the demolitions. Given the magnitude of the observed effect and the high costs associated with the demolition program, our results highlight the need for further research on alternative blight removal strategies that might provide a more cost‐effective solution to this urban challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article positions equitable access to information as a matter of social justice and questions how the library and information science sector might work more intentionally and systemically to close the pervasive information retrieval and navigation gaps that disproportionately disenfranchize lower-income and/or majority Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities. Though much attention since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 has rightfully been paid to the need for more robust broadband infrastructure in the United States, this article links the persistent disparities in digital literacy instruction, possession of digital devices, and access to consistent wireless internet technology as critical and profoundly race and class-biased components of connectivity. Hall describes the intentional/unintentional lack of recognition or inaction regarding whole groups of people being denied this access as "information redlining," and suggests that not only can libraries play a leading role in disrupting it, but also that libraries are the essential link in any comprehensive national response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo aborda a partir de las expediciones y mapas realizados por Detroit Geographic Exploration Institute, fundado por el geógrafo William Bunge y la joven activista afroamericana Gwendolyn Warren tras las revueltas raciales desarrolladas en 1967, cómo las comunidades marginalizadas se organizaron para visibilizar e intentar resolver las problemáticas que, aunque perjudicaban y condicionaban sus modos de vida, eran totalmente ignoradas por las autoridades locales. Primeramente, se analizará el concepto de geografía radical como la vertiente académica sensible a estas situaciones para, a continuación, analizar la labor del instituto a partir de una serie de cartografías donde se describirá minuciosamente la notación sensible implementada en mapas de revueltas, mordeduras de ratas o atropello de niños en los barrios habitados por la población afroamericana. El articulo tiene como objetivo reivindicar el análisis cartográfico sensible, el activismo y las políticas locales como herramientas urbanas y arquitectónicas para la búsqueda de justicia espacial en territorios estigmatizados.

There is a lack of research on how perceptions about urban spaces are associated with obesity. We surveyed 347 residents in a rapidly changing area of Detroit, Michigan about their perceptions of urban amenities and the ambient environment. We use principal component analysis to reduce the urban amenity and ambient environment variables to a manageable number. We use a spatial error model to account for spatial autocorrelation. We find that more urban amenities are associated with decreased obesity. A one-percent increase in residents’ perceptions of the availability of urban amenities is associated with a 0.13 percent decrease in obesity. Adverse ambient environments are associated with increased obesity. A one-percent increase in residents’ perceptions of adverse ambient environment quality is associated with a 0.12-percent increase in obesity. Addressing residents’ perceptions about urban spaces can provide planners with an additional tool to tackle obesity.

Copyright of Entrepreneurship; Education / Przedsiebiorczość - Edukacja is the property of Press of Pedagogical University of Cracow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is a lack of research on how perceptions about urban spaces are associated with obesity. We surveyed 347 residents in a rapidly changing area of Detroit, Michigan about their perceptions of urban amenities and the ambient environment. We use principal component analysis to reduce the urban amenity and ambient environment variables to a manageable number. We use a spatial error model to account for spatial autocorrelation. We find that more urban amenities are associated with decreased obesity. A one-percent increase in residents' perceptions of the availability of urban amenities is associated with a 0.13 percent decrease in obesity. Adverse ambient environments are associated with increased obesity. A one-percent increase in residents' perceptions of adverse ambient environment quality is associated with a 0.12-percent increase in obesity. Addressing residents' perceptions about urban spaces can provide planners with an additional tool to tackle obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lawsuits challenging the 2020 election tried and failed to overturn the results of the election. This article positions their contribution to constitutional decay by considering the affidavits filed by Republican election challengers who observed the processing of absentee ballots in Detroit. Using the concepts of legal consciousness and legal mobilization, this article traces the mechanisms that carried doubts about the election processes from politics to law, returning that doubt as legally acknowledged truth that could be deployed in ongoing politics. Features of the affidavits allowed the voter fraud narrative to borrow a legal concept seemingly detached from politics. Given that constitutional theories recognize strict legality as a tool of authoritarians, this article considers the affidavits' use as a legal and political tool, indicating particular ways that it can be wielded for antidemocratic purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activists in Los Angeles’ Boyle Heights neighborhood have targeted art galleries as a way to protest the area’s gentrification, while Detroit artist Tyree Guyton has drawn praise for his use of connections with local art galleries to broaden the economic impact of his Heidelberg Project. Why were art galleries criticized for their role in gentrifying Los Angeles, while an arts organization in Detroit was lauded for the way it directed capital investment into a disinvested area of the city? To fully understand the relationship between art and capital in an urban context, one must analyze the specific ways in which art brings capital into a neighborhood within the context of the historic, economic, and the policies that shape neighborhood dynamics. Art is often a metonym for capital, and these case studies demonstrate how the symbolic function of the arts can obscure the precise relationships between art and real estate investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homesickness Series, an ongoing series of monochromatic ink paintings modeled after tintype photography, frames the façades of individual homes in Detroit as a form of portraiture. If individual depictions of lost or endangered homes can be seen as portraits of the residents they once contained, and if homes are sites and containers of memory, then rendered windows and doors serve as both literal and psychological passageways into the interior of the home and the interior sites of the mind with its associated lived experiences and memories. As a corrective measure in representing Detroit, my practice uses visual or written means to provide the audience of my work with oft-overlooked historical contexts to illuminate the ways corporate abandonment, housing segregation, highway construction, and white flight led to the city’s present day challenges.

A good architecture department facilitates students to find their own, personal architectural lexicon and ways and methods of seeing the world and creating within it. Peter Lynch, former Architect‐in‐Residence/ Head of Department at Cranbrook, describes the acts of creative midwifery that allowed him to inspire students and achieve successful architectures with them. Equally, a student working on similar architectural problems as their teacher can be a pedagogic resource for all concerned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Architecture and its materiality can be reread as a series of marks by an architect – traces of things metamorphosing into other things, whether by industrial processes or by handicraft. Ronit Eisenbach was a graduate of the Cranbrook Architecture Department during Architect‐in‐Residence/Head of Department Dan Hoffman's tenure. Those formative couple of years have led her to expand this perception of the world into her teaching and wider practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seduced into applying to Cranbrook by an inspiring lecture given by alumnus Joseph Wong about his experience there during Daniel Libeskind's time, artist, designer and teacher Yu‐Chih Hsiao's world expanded upon his arrival. It incorporated all manner of creative output under the enigmatic yet highly practical Head of Architecture/Architect‐in‐ Residence William E Massie, and so a course was charted that still resonates today in Yu‐Chih's work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evoking a heady mix of the Cranbrook campus viewed from his window and the liquid viscerality of Hieronymus Bosch's Garden of Earthly Delights, which he was architecturally deconstructing at the time, architect and teacher Hani Rashid recounts his days as a Cranbrook student and the profound influence across the decades of those experiences on the work of his New York practice Asymptote Architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cranbrook campus is designed with a concerted effort to integrate art, craft and architecture. Cranbrook Center for Collections and Research curator Kevin Adkisson shares some of its stories and explores a variety of its external and internal spaces and the conceptual rigour that went into them. Collectively, the campus provides an inspiring backdrop to individual students' creative journeys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Cranbrook Academy of Art and its unique approach to architecture education, emphasizing the integration of living and learning on its campus. Topics include Eliel Saarinen's role in designing the campus and his belief in the live-work model; the impact of the campus environment on the pedagogy and culture of the academy; and the architectural additions and projects that have shaped the campus in generative culture within the Architecture Department.

Much has been written in recent years about ruins and photography and especially so in the context of Detroit's declining urban landscape. Numerous books present us with beautiful ruined buildings and landscapes, and further explanations why we might be drawn to images of decay. While some claim that ruin imagery triggers a form of resistance to the forces of capitalism, others stand critical to the beautification of ruins by arguing that such imagery removes viewers from any reflection on what causes ruins. Detroit's new saviour Dan Gilbert is one of those ruin detractors who blames Detroit's image as the poster child of ruin photography for all failed investments. This paper focusses on these image battles in the construction of a city's place identity and argues for an understanding of ruin photographs as performance. Instead of offering a trace of an object once in front of the camera, I investigate how a collection of forgotten photo-installations curated by Detroit's Urban Center for Photography gesture performatively to the ongoing event demolished by neglect whereby buildings are intentionally left to rot for profitable real estate development. Strategies of advertisement campaigns, it will be shown, are appropriated to make such live gestures. Investigating the doing aspect or force of ruin photographs contributes to cultural geography's recent concerns around the potential 'force of representations: their capacities to affect and effect' and as such moves away from one of the central tasks of cultural geography, namely its focus on what representations mean. The spectre of Detroit's image battle ultimately should provide us with questions about the construction of a city's identity through visual documents and enable us to question the mechanism of neoliberal urban planning and governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following study utilized geographic object-based image analysis methods to detect pervious and impervious landcover with respect to residential structure changes. The datasets consist of freely available very high-resolution orthophotos acquired under the United States National Agriculture Imagery Program. Over the last several decades, cities in America's Rust Belt region have experienced population and economic declines—most notably, the city of Detroit. With increased property vacancies, many residential structures are abandoned and left vulnerable to degradation. In many cases, one of the answers is to demolish the structure, leaving a physical, permanent change to the urban fabric. This study investigates the performance of object-based classification in segmenting and classifying orthophotos across three neighbourhoods (Crary/St. Mary, Core City, Pulaski) with different demolition rates within Detroit. The research successfully generated the distinction between pervious and impervious land cover and linked those to parcel lot administrative boundaries within the city of Detroit. Successful detection rates of residential parcels containing structures ranged from a low of 63.99% to a high of 92.64%. Overall, if there were more empty residential parcels, the detection method performed better. Pervious and impervious overall classification accuracy for the 2018 and 2014 imagery was 98.333% (kappa 0.966) with some slight variance in the producers and users statistics for each year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban residents are disproportionately affected by violence exposure and mental health consequences as compared to non-urban residents. The present study examined the prevalence of violence exposure and associated mental health consequences among urban and non-urban youth. Urban participants were drawn from Detroit, Michigan, a city that has led the nation for most of the last decade as one of the most violent big cities in the U.S. Participants included 32 Detroit youth and 32 youth recruited from the surrounding non-urban areas, matched on age (M = 10.4 ± 2.8 years) and sex (49% male). Youth completed validated measures of violence exposure, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Urban youth reported more violence exposures than their non-urban counterparts, including hearing gunshots (69% vs. 19%, respectively), witnessing a shooting (24% vs. 6%), and witnessing an arrest (58% vs. 27%). Overall, greater violence exposure was associated with more anxiety symptoms, particularly among urban youth. Although violence exposure was not associated with depressive symptoms overall, urban youth reported significantly higher depressive symptoms than non-urban youth. Exposure to specific violence types, particularly hearing gunshots, was associated with higher anxiety and depressive symptoms among urban but not non-urban youth. Being beat up predicted depressive symptoms among non-urban but not urban youth. Household income and community distress did not predict mental health outcomes. Taken together, urban youth have more exposure to violence, particularly firearm violence, and associated mental health problems than their non-urban counterparts. Targeted community-wide initiatives to prevent violence and identify exposed youth are needed to improve mental health in at-risk communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 2018 through 2020, the Jamie and Denise Jacob Family Foundation made grants to 17 youth development organizations in Detroit that were at varying levels of readiness to advance college success outcomes with their program alumni. At the same time, it was funding three collaborating capacity-building organizations to structure and facilitate a professional learning community that would support the youth programs in improving outcomes for striving students. This article discusses a framework and recommendations for how grantmakers can extend their impact by engaging capacity builders to facilitate cross-organizational collaboration and learning as they start a portfolio aimed at moving community-level outcomes. This article also outlines the motivation for the foundation to support this collaborative learning model and offers an overview of its goals, process, and key learnings. For family foundations initiating a new portfolio, it can seem daunting to invest in relationship building and technical assistance on the front end, but this learning community’s outcomes indicate that planning and preparation can contribute significantly not only to developing the best programmatic approaches, but also to positive, sustainable, long-term outcomes for young people and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fugitive dust (FD) is a nuisance and potential health issue, particularly in environmental justice communities that can experience high levels of contaminated FD. This community-initiated study examined FD from a scrap metal processor in Detroit, Michigan, to determine whether the FD was contaminated, how it migrated through the community, whether wipe or composite road dust samples were preferable, and whether literature profiles adequately characterized this source. The study was motivated by community concerns, as well as a massive subsidence/upheaval event resulting from excessive accumulation of mill scale, which is a type of scrap metal, at the facility. We collected 57 wipe samples from windows and other surfaces, and 20 composite road dust and surface soil samples, which were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence. Concentrations were expressed using the fraction of the reconstructed mass. We also compared results to air quality monitoring data and calculated pollution indices and enrichment factors. Samples collected near the processor had high levels of Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sr, and Zn compared with background soils, and levels remained elevated in residential areas several blocks distant. Composite road dust/sediment samples appeared preferable to wipe samples for chemical characterization. The available chemical profiles did not match the FD composition, suggesting the need for local profiles. The high level of Fe, which is consistent with mill scale, was a novel finding and caused the road dust to exceed health protection screening levels. Numerous metal scrap facilities operate locally and nationally, and our results show the need to improve controls to limit or eliminate FD emissions from industrial sources using enforced policies that reduce dust generation and truck track-out.

In this report we comply with scholarship and legal precedent that defines access to include access to residential in-home service, quality service that serves environmental and personal health, and affordable service. Water security is a term in this report used to describe the presence of structural, systemic, and institutional arrangements that ensure everyone has consistent access to drinking water and wastewater services. Water insecurity looks different in the humid east than in the arid west, different in the Midwest from the South, different between urban, suburban, or rural. However different water insecurity problems look at the local level, they are the result of similar institutional, systemic, and structural problems. This is a study of the what persistent water insecurity looks like in the service area of Detroit’s drinking and wastewater system (DWSD) and specific places within that system, notably Detroit.

Kerrie Trahan is the founder of Yoganic Flow and Yoga House Detroit. In addition, Trahan holds a Masters of Education in Community Health. In this conversation with Rebecca Kinney, Yoga House Detroit board member and associate professor of American and Ethnic Studies, Trahan, reflects on how her experiences as a black woman and born and raised Detroiter informs her approach to breath, community, and yoga.