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Water drowning is a problem affecting the total population of the Earth. Drowning is a leading cause of death (one of every three deaths). On the planet, a man, a woman or a child drops into the water every two minutes. Every year, 4 million people worldwide are in danger of drowning, either in freshwater lakes or in the sea. Almost 10% of them do not survive the dive, so they die as a result of suffocation. More than half of those drowned in water are children or juveniles. Sports professionals, especially PE teachers, have a prominent role in preventing water accidents, so it is essential to be aware of life-saving and water-saving. The question arises as to what kind of knowledge these experts have on the subject and how they could stand up if it were wrong. The purpose of our research is to reveal the knowledge gaps and fears of students that prevent them from starting a rescue process. In our survey, we chose the questionnaire method, 147 students with PE or sports major participated. The results showed that a significant proportion, 64% of the students did not even see the resuscitation process. Most of them, 90%, did not resume the resuscitation experiment, 88% of them had not yet helped resuscitation. Most of them have no rescue practice, and their knowledge is incomplete for rescue and first aid.

Water drowning is a problem affecting the total population of the Earth. Drowning is a leading cause of death (one of every three deaths). On the planet, a man, a woman or a child drops into the water every two minutes. Every year, 4 million people worldwide are in danger of drowning, either in freshwater lakes or in the sea. Almost 10% of them do not survive the dive, so they die as a result of suffocation. More than half of those drowned in water are children or juveniles. Sports professionals, especially PE teachers, have a prominent role in preventing water accidents, so it is essential to be aware of life-saving and water-saving. The question arises as to what kind of knowledge these experts have on the subject and how they could stand up if it were wrong. The purpose of our research is to reveal the knowledge gaps and fears of students that prevent them from starting a rescue process. In our survey, we chose the questionnaire method, 147 students with PE or sports major participated. The results showed that a significant proportion, 64% of the students did not even see the resuscitation process. Most of them, 90%, did not resume the resuscitation experiment, 88% of them had not yet helped resuscitation. Most of them have no rescue practice, and their knowledge is incomplete for rescue and first aid.

A Magyarországon üzemelő regionális lerakók mindegyike egy új típusú problémával találta szembe magát, a depóniára hullott és azon átszivárgott csapadék jelentős mennyiségekben jelenik meg, melynek kezeléséről és elhelyezéséről gondoskodni kell. A depóniában lejátszódó kémiai folyamatok csak nehezen modellezhetők, valamint a lerakókra hulló csapadékok sorsa is csak bonyolult összefüggések vizsgálatával követhető nyomon. Mérési adatokkal sajnos nem rendelkezünk a magyarországi klimatikus viszonyok mellett keletkező csurgalékvíz mennyiségekről. Vizsgálataink egy olyan vízháztartási egyenlet kidolgozására irányultak, amely figyelembe veszi az anyagmegmaradás törvényeit, ezáltal a belépő, a kilépő, valamint a tározott víz egyensúlyát. Ezzel a lerakó vízháztartási folyamatok jól jellemezhetők. A vizsgálataink megállapították, hogy a területre hullott és beszivárgó csapadékmennyiségnek 57%-ából képződhet csurgalékvíz. ------------------------------------------------------- Each established regional landfills faced with a new type of problems in Hungary: the percolated rainfall to the waste mass – without the possibility of infiltration processes – appears in significant quantities. At the same time the treatment and placement of big amount of leachate must be provided. Chemical processes of the landfills can be modeled hardly, and the way of the rainfall can be followed up by difficult relationships. We do not have measurement data about quantity of landfill leachate under Hungarian climatic conditions. Our examinations established an equation which can be characterized the water balance of landfills. The result of our examinations that 57% of percolated rainwater becomes leachate.