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1. The prevalence of hyperglycemia and its association with perioperative outcomes in gynecologic surgery: a retrospective cohort study

Author

Katherine F. Chaves, Joseph R. Panza, Mutiya A. Olorunfemi, Christine M. Helou, Annie N. Apple, Zhiguo Zhao, Laura L. Sorabella, Susan D. Dumas, Rony A. Adam, and Lauren S. Prescott

Subjects
Complications, Diabetes, Gynecologic surgery, Hyperglycemia, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Abstract Background Preoperative hyperglycemia has been associated with perioperative morbidity in general surgery patients. Additionally, preoperative hyperglycemia may indicate underlying impaired glucose metabolism. Thus, identification of preoperative hyperglycemia may provide an opportunity to mitigate both short-term surgical and long-term health risk. We aimed to study this phenomenon specifically in the gynecologic surgery population. Specifically, we aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative hyperglycemia and perioperative complications in gynecologic surgery patients and to characterize adherence to diabetes screening guidelines. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 913 women undergoing major gynecologic surgery on an enhanced recovery pathway from January 2018 to July 2019. The main exposure was day of surgery glucose ≥ 140 g/dL. Multivariate regression identified risk factors for hyperglycemia and composite and wound-specific complications. Results Sixty-seven (7.3%) patients were hyperglycemic. Diabetes (aOR 24.0, 95% CI 12.3–46.9, P

Published
2023
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2. Coastal high-frequency radars in the Mediterranean – Part 1: Status of operations and a framework for future development

Author

P. Lorente, E. Aguiar, M. Bendoni, M. Berta, C. Brandini, A. Cáceres-Euse, F. Capodici, D. Cianelli, G. Ciraolo, L. Corgnati, V. Dadić, B. Doronzo, A. Drago, D. Dumas, P. Falco, M. Fattorini, A. Gauci, R. Gómez, A. Griffa, C.-A. Guérin, I. Hernández-Carrasco, J. Hernández-Lasheras, M. Ličer, M. G. Magaldi, C. Mantovani, H. Mihanović, A. Molcard, B. Mourre, A. Orfila, A. Révelard, E. Reyes, J. Sánchez, S. Saviano, R. Sciascia, S. Taddei, J. Tintoré, Y. Toledo, L. Ursella, M. Uttieri, I. Vilibić, E. Zambianchi, and V. Cardin

Subjects
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Due to the semi-enclosed nature of the Mediterranean Sea, natural disasters and anthropogenic activities impose stronger pressures on its coastal ecosystems than in any other sea of the world. With the aim of responding adequately to science priorities and societal challenges, littoral waters must be effectively monitored with high-frequency radar (HFR) systems. This land-based remote sensing technology can provide, in near-real time, fine-resolution maps of the surface circulation over broad coastal areas, along with reliable directional wave and wind information. The main goal of this work is to showcase the current status of the Mediterranean HFR network and the future roadmap for orchestrated actions. Ongoing collaborative efforts and recent progress of this regional alliance are not only described but also connected with other European initiatives and global frameworks, highlighting the advantages of this cost-effective instrument for the multi-parameter monitoring of the sea state. Coordinated endeavors between HFR operators from different multi-disciplinary institutions are mandatory to reach a mature stage at both national and regional levels, striving to do the following: (i) harmonize deployment and maintenance practices; (ii) standardize data, metadata, and quality control procedures; (iii) centralize data management, visualization, and access platforms; and (iv) develop practical applications of societal benefit that can be used for strategic planning and informed decision-making in the Mediterranean marine environment. Such fit-for-purpose applications can serve for search and rescue operations, safe vessel navigation, tracking of marine pollutants, the monitoring of extreme events, the investigation of transport processes, and the connectivity between offshore waters and coastal ecosystems. Finally, future prospects within the Mediterranean framework are discussed along with a wealth of socioeconomic, technical, and scientific challenges to be faced during the implementation of this integrated HFR regional network.

Published
2022
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3. Coastal high-frequency radars in the Mediterranean – Part 2: Applications in support of science priorities and societal needs

Author

E. Reyes, E. Aguiar, M. Bendoni, M. Berta, C. Brandini, A. Cáceres-Euse, F. Capodici, V. Cardin, D. Cianelli, G. Ciraolo, L. Corgnati, V. Dadić, B. Doronzo, A. Drago, D. Dumas, P. Falco, M. Fattorini, M. J. Fernandes, A. Gauci, R. Gómez, A. Griffa, C.-A. Guérin, I. Hernández-Carrasco, J. Hernández-Lasheras, M. Ličer, P. Lorente, M. G. Magaldi, C. Mantovani, H. Mihanović, A. Molcard, B. Mourre, A. Révelard, C. Reyes-Suárez, S. Saviano, R. Sciascia, S. Taddei, J. Tintoré, Y. Toledo, M. Uttieri, I. Vilibić, E. Zambianchi, and A. Orfila

Subjects
Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The Mediterranean Sea is a prominent climate-change hot spot, with many socioeconomically vital coastal areas being the most vulnerable targets for maritime safety, diverse met-ocean hazards and marine pollution. Providing an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution at wide coastal areas, high-frequency radars (HFRs) have been steadily gaining recognition as an effective land-based remote sensing technology for continuous monitoring of the surface circulation, increasingly waves and occasionally winds. HFR measurements have boosted the thorough scientific knowledge of coastal processes, also fostering a broad range of applications, which has promoted their integration in coastal ocean observing systems worldwide, with more than half of the European sites located in the Mediterranean coastal areas. In this work, we present a review of existing HFR data multidisciplinary science-based applications in the Mediterranean Sea, primarily focused on meeting end-user and science-driven requirements, addressing regional challenges in three main topics: (i) maritime safety, (ii) extreme hazards and (iii) environmental transport process. Additionally, the HFR observing and monitoring regional capabilities in the Mediterranean coastal areas required to underpin the underlying science and the further development of applications are also analyzed. The outcome of this assessment has allowed us to provide a set of recommendations for future improvement prospects to maximize the contribution to extending science-based HFR products into societally relevant downstream services to support blue growth in the Mediterranean coastal areas, helping to meet the UN's Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and the EU's Green Deal goals.

Published
2022
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4. Evolution des apports en eau dans la plaine rizicole de Marovoay par le fleuve Betsiboka (Madagascar) : reconstitution et projections jusqu'en 2100

Author

D. Dumas, S. Bigot, Y. T. Brou, R. Ramboarison, S. Razanaka, and L. R. Robison

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Aujourd'hui, le fleuve Betsiboka alimente une vaste plaine agricole située au NW de Madagascar. Ce fleuve est pourtant très mal connu sur un plan hydrologique. Sur la base de mesures des écoulements entre 1958 et 1971, cette étude cherche dans un premier temps à reconstituer les débits contemporains de ce fleuve, puis dans un second temps à cerner comment les écoulements peuvent évoluer au cours du XXIème siècle. Les résultats de cette étude montrent qu'une baisse des débits semble se dessiner à la fin de ce siècle. Elle diminuerait la ressource en eau apportée par le fleuve, selon les scénarii climatiques retenus, de 2.4 à 2.7 km3 d'eau par an. Cette diminution de la ressource serait par ailleurs plus marquée sur la période de décembre à février, durant justement la période de repiquage du riz qui implique un apport en eau élevé.

Published
2021
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5. Studying recent hydroclimatic variability in Madagascar despite deficient measurement networks: use of CHIRPS and GRACE data at the scale of the Mahajunga province

Author

S. Bigot, D. Dumas, T. Y. Brou, R. Ramboarison, S. Razanaka, and N. Philippon

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Given the lack of in situ hydroclimatic measurements and networks in Madagascar, the GRACE (2003–2016) spatial gravimetry data, combined with other satellite data such as CHIRPS rainfall estimates or fire monitoring using GFED products, make it possible to establish an interannual assessment of certain climatic and environmental covariations at the northwest scale of the country. The results show a negative trend in continental rainfall and water content, especially after 2007, but also a time lag in the linear variations and trends of the Water Equivalent Height as well as the number of detected fires (variable indirectly measuring the pressure of deforestation by slash and burn agriculture).

Published
2021
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7. Clustering of circular consensus sequences: accurate error correction and assembly of single molecule real-time reads from multiplexed amplicon libraries

Author

Felix Francis, Michael D. Dumas, Scott B. Davis, and Randall J. Wisser

Subjects
Resequencing, Target enrichment, Long-range PCR, Sequence error, Divide and conquer, PacBio amplicon analysis, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Background Targeted resequencing with high-throughput sequencing (HTS) platforms can be used to efficiently interrogate the genomes of large numbers of individuals. A critical issue for research and applications using HTS data, especially from long-read platforms, is error in base calling arising from technological limits and bioinformatic algorithms. We found that the community standard long amplicon analysis (LAA) module from Pacific Biosciences is prone to substantial bioinformatic errors that raise concerns about findings based on this pipeline, prompting the need for a new method. Results A single molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing-error correction and assembly pipeline, C3S-LAA, was developed for libraries of pooled amplicons. By uniquely leveraging the structure of SMRT sequence data (comprised of multiple low quality subreads from which higher quality circular consensus sequences are formed) to cluster raw reads, C3S-LAA produced accurate consensus sequences and assemblies of overlapping amplicons from single sample and multiplexed libraries. In contrast, despite read depths in excess of 100X per amplicon, the standard long amplicon analysis module from Pacific Biosciences generated unexpected numbers of amplicon sequences with substantial inaccuracies in the consensus sequences. A bootstrap analysis showed that the C3S-LAA pipeline per se was effective at removing bioinformatic sources of error, but in rare cases a read depth of nearly 400X was not sufficient to overcome minor but systematic errors inherent to amplification or sequencing. Conclusions C3S-LAA uses a divide and conquer processing algorithm for SMRT amplicon-sequence data that generates accurate consensus sequences and local sequence assemblies. Solving the confounding bioinformatic source of error in LAA allowed for the identification of limited instances of errors due to DNA amplification or sequencing of homopolymeric nucleotide tracts. For research and development in genomics, C3S-LAA allows meaningful conclusions and biological inferences to be made from accurately polished sequence output.

Published
2018
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12. Genome assembly of a Mesoamerican derived variety of lima bean: a foundational cultivar in the Mid-Atlantic USA

Author

Sara J. Oppenheim, Michael D. Dumas, Terence T. Mhora, Emmalea G. Ernest, Nicole M. Donofrio, Randall J. Wisser, Thomas A. Evans, and Nancy F. Gregory

Subjects
AcademicSubjects/SCI01140, AcademicSubjects/SCI00010, Genetic Linkage, Sequence assembly, Lima bean, Locus (genetics), partial resistance, QH426-470, Biology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Botany, Genetics, Cultivar, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), common bean, Phaseolus, Resistance (ecology), resistance genes, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Genome Report, Taxon, Downy mildew, AcademicSubjects/SCI00960, Reference genome
Abstract

Lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus, is closely related to common bean and is high in fiber and protein, with a low glycemic index. Lima bean is widely grown in the state of Delaware, where late summer and early fall weather are conducive to pod production. The same weather conditions also promote diseases such as pod rot and downy mildew, the latter of which has caused previous epidemics. A better understanding of the genes underlying resistance to this and other pathogens is needed to keep this industry thriving in the region. Our current study sought to sequence, assemble, and annotate a commercially available cultivar called Bridgeton, which could then serve as a reference genome, a basis of comparison to other Phaseolus taxa, and a resource for the identification of potential resistance genes. Combined efforts of sequencing, linkage, and comparative analysis resulted in a 623 Mb annotated assembly for lima bean, as well as a better understanding of an evolutionarily dynamic resistance locus in legumes.

Published
2021

13. Environmental DNA from avian residual saliva in fruits and its potential uses in population genetics

Author

I. Baus, Otto Monge, and D. Dumas

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Saliva, Buccal swab, Zoology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, DNA extraction, Genetic analysis, Macaw, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Genetics, Microsatellite, Environmental DNA, Primer (molecular biology), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Buccal cells are a valid source of vertebrate DNA for genetic analysis, typically collected with mouth swabs on captured individuals. Yet, advances in DNA storage and processing now permit recovering genomic material from traces of saliva in food remains. For example, the feeding habits of canopy-dwelling frugivorous birds, e.g. large macaws (Psittaciformes), could present an ideal opportunity to obtain environmental DNA (eDNA) from partially consumed fruits. We tested this by collecting tropical almond (Terminalia catappa) fruits, eaten and discarded by scarlet macaws (Ara macao), and processed them using three different collection/storage methods. We successfully isolated DNA molecules from macaw residual saliva in fruits. This genetic material allowed the amplification of 7 microsatellite markers and of the CHD region of the avian sex chromosomes using two different primer pairs. Macaw eDNA concentration (mean 12 ng/µl) was similar to the reported in other avian studies using buccal swabs but overall microsatellite (60% success) and CHD-gen (20% success) amplification was low. The best results were obtained for samples preserved in ethanol. We conclude that saliva eDNA in partially consumed food items is an underused source of non-invasive bird DNA for genetic analyses. Based on our results, we recommend that a combination of specialized collection swabs or ethanol stored swabs along with commercial DNA extraction kits be used. Protocols should be modified accordingly to reach a consistent level of individual identification and gender determination that closely matches traditional sampling.

Published
2018
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14. Impacts of poultry house environment on poultry litter bacterial community composition.

Author

Michael D Dumas, Shawn W Polson, Don Ritter, Jacques Ravel, Jack Gelb, Robin Morgan, and K Eric Wommack

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Viral and bacterial pathogens are a significant economic concern to the US broiler industry and the ecological epicenter for poultry pathogens is the mixture of bedding material, chicken excrement and feathers that comprises the litter of a poultry house. This study used high-throughput sequencing to assess the richness and diversity of poultry litter bacterial communities, and to look for connections between these communities and the environmental characteristics of a poultry house including its history of gangrenous dermatitis (GD). Cluster analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed differences in the distribution of bacterial phylotypes between Wet and Dry litter samples and between houses. Wet litter contained greater diversity with 90% of total bacterial abundance occurring within the top 214 OTU clusters. In contrast, only 50 clusters accounted for 90% of Dry litter bacterial abundance. The sixth largest OTU cluster across all samples classified as an Arcobacter sp., an emerging human pathogen, occurring in only the Wet litter samples of a house with a modern evaporative cooling system. Ironically, the primary pathogenic clostridial and staphylococcal species associated with GD were not found in any house; however, there were thirteen 16S rRNA gene phylotypes of mostly gram-positive phyla that were unique to GD-affected houses and primarily occurred in Wet litter samples. Overall, the poultry house environment appeared to substantially impact the composition of litter bacterial communities and may play a key role in the emergence of food-borne pathogens.

Published
2011
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16. Clinical, neuroimaging and biochemical findings in patients and patient fibroblasts expressing ten novel GFM1 mutations

Author

Giulia Barcia, Agnès Rötig, Pascale de Lonlay, Naïg Gueguen, Manuel Schiff, Marlène Rio, Nathalie Boddaert, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Arnold Munnich, Pascale Marcorelles, Metodi D. Metodiev, Vincent Procaccio, Zahra Assouline, Isabelle Desguerre, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Marie Hully, Julie Steffann, Abdelhamid Slama, Magalie Barth, Coralie Zangarelli, and Valerie D Dumas

Subjects
Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Mitochondrial translation, Neuroimaging, Disease, Biology, Mitochondrial Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, Basal ganglia, Databases, Genetic, Genetics, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetics (clinical), Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Dystonia, 0303 health sciences, 030305 genetics & heredity, Brain, West Syndrome, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Peptide Elongation Factor G, Phenotype, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mitochondria, Pedigree, Gene Expression Regulation, Mutation, Female, Brainstem
Abstract

Pathogenic GFM1 variants have been linked to neurological phenotypes with or without liver involvement, but only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Here, we report clinical, biochemical, and neuroimaging findings from nine unrelated children carrying GFM1 variants, 10 of which were not previously reported. All patients presented with neurological involvement-mainly axial hypotonia and dystonia during the neonatal period-with five diagnosed with West syndrome; two children had liver involvement with cytolysis episodes or hepatic failure. While two patients died in infancy, six exhibited a stable clinical course. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed the involvement of basal ganglia, brainstem, and periventricular white matter. Mutant EFG1 and OXPHOS proteins were decreased in patient's fibroblasts consistent with impaired mitochondrial translation. Thus, we expand the genetic spectrum of GFM1-linked disease and provide detailed clinical profiles of the patients that will improve the diagnostic success for other patients carrying GFM1 mutations.

Published
2019

18. The heparan sulfate sulfotransferase 3-OST3A (HS3ST3A) is a novel tumor regulator and a prognostic marker in breast cancer

Author

D. Dumas, A. Diot, N. de Freitas Caires, Michael W.H. Coughtrie, Isabelle Bertin-Jung, A. M. Thompson, Xianqing Mao, Sandrine Gulberti, Caroline Gauche, F. Merhi-Soussi, J-C Bourdon, Catherine Bui, Mohamed Ouzzine, Sylvie Fournel-Gigleux, Nick Ramalanjaona, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Luxembourg Institute of Health, University of Dundee, University of British Columbia (UBC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), MD Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Receptor, ErbB-2, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Growth factor receptor, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], skin and connective tissue diseases, Molecular Biology, Cancer, Heparan sulfate, DNA Methylation, Cell cycle, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, SKBR3, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer cell, MCF-7 Cells, Cancer research, Female, Heparitin Sulfate, Sulfotransferases, Carcinogenesis, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Signal Transduction
Abstract

International audience; Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan chains are key components of the breast tumor microenvironment that critically influence the behavior of cancer cells. It is established that abnormal synthesis and processing of HS play a prominent role in tumorigenesis, albeit mechanisms remain mostly obscure. HS function is mainly controlled by sulfotransferases, and here we report a novel cellular and pathophysiological significance for the 3-O-sulfotransferase 3-OST3A (HS3ST3A), catalyzing the final maturation step of HS, in breast cancer. We show that 3-OST3A is epigenetically repressed in all breast cancer cell lines of a panel representative of distinct molecular subgroups, except in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) sloan-kettering breast cancer (SKBR3) cells. Epigenetic mechanisms involved both DNA methylation and histone modifications, producing different repressive chromatin environments depending on the cell molecular signature. Gain and loss of function experiments by cDNA and siRNA transfection revealed profound effects of 3-OST3A expression on cell behavior including apoptosis, proliferation, response to trastuzumab in vitro and tumor growth in xenografted mice. 3-OST3A exerted dual activities acting as tumor-suppressor in lumA-michigan cancer foundation (MCF)-7 and triple negative-MD Anderson (MDA) metastatic breast (MB)-231 cells, or as an oncogenic factor in HER2+-SKBR3 cells. Mechanistically, fluorescence-resonance energy transfer-fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy experiments indicated that the effects of 3-OST3A in MCF-7 cells were mediated by altered interactions between HS and fibroblast growth factor-7 (FGF-7). Further, this interplay between HS and FGF-7 modulated downstream ERK, AKT and p38 cascades, suggesting that altering 3-O-sulfation affects FGFR2IIIb-mediated signaling. Corroborating our cellular data, a clinical study conducted in a cohort of breast cancer patients uncovered that, in HER2+ patients, high level expression of 3-OST3A in tumors was associated with reduced relapse-free survival. Our findings define 3-OST3A as a novel regulator of breast cancer pathogenicity, displaying tumor-suppressive or oncogenic activities in a cell-and tumor-dependent context, and demonstrate the clinical value of the HS-O-sulfotransferase 3-OST3A as a prognostic marker in HER2+ patients.

Published
2016
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19. Body image and weight management among Hispanic American adolescents: Differences by sport type

Author

Anita M. Reina, Eva V. Monsma, Marcus D. Dumas, and Jennifer L. Gay

Subjects
Male, Social Psychology, Adolescent, sports, Health Behavior, Ethnic group, Hispanic american, 050109 social psychology, Weight management, Body Dissatisfaction, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sex Distribution, Child, Multinomial logistic regression, Cheerleading, 05 social sciences, Body Weight, Hispanic or Latino, United States, Test (assessment), Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, sports.sport, Female, Psychology, human activities, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Demography, Sports
Abstract

Background Adolescents' body image concerns vary by sex, ages, and participation in different types of sports. Little is known about variability of body image and weight management behaviors by sport type in Hispanic American adolescents. This study examined whether body image distortion and dissatisfaction are associated with weight management behaviors by sex and sport type in Hispanic adolescents. Methods A sample of 728 Hispanic participants from the United States (61.6% female, Mage = 12.36 ± 2.35) completed the Stunkard Figural Stimuli, reported weight management behaviors and sport participation. Sports were classified as non-aesthetic (such as soccer), aesthetic (such as cheerleading), or non-sport participation. Separate multiple linear regression and multinomial logistic regression models were conducted to test adjusted associations between body image dissatisfaction and distortion, and sport type with weight management behaviors. Results and conclusions Participants in non-aesthetic sports (51.2% male) were more dissatisfied with their body image (want to be bigger; B = −0.17; p = .01) and were 1.5 times more likely to use exercise to lose weight than non-sport participants. Greater body image dissatisfaction increased the likelihood of weight management behaviors. As year in school increased, participants perceived themselves as smaller than their actual BMI and wanted to be smaller. Hispanic females exhibited similar trends to other ethnicities. However, Hispanic males may have interpreted a desire to be “smaller” as a more lean, muscular physique. Subsequent studies should focus on reasons for weight management, and whether those behaviors are healthy.

Published
2019

20. Computer Architecture : Fundamentals and Principles of Computer Design, Second Edition

Author

Joseph D. Dumas II and Joseph D. Dumas II

Subjects
Computer architecture, Computer engineering
Abstract

Not only does almost everyone in the civilized world use a personal computer, smartphone, and/or tablet on a daily basis to communicate with others and access information, but virtually every other modern appliance, vehicle, or other device has one or more computers embedded inside it. One cannot purchase a current-model automobile, for example, without several computers on board to do everything from monitoring exhaust emissions, to operating the anti-lock brakes, to telling the transmission when to shift, and so on. Appliances such as clothes washers and dryers, microwave ovens, refrigerators, etc. are almost all digitally controlled. Gaming consoles like Xbox, PlayStation, and Wii are powerful computer systems with enhanced capabilities for user interaction. Computers are everywhere, even when we don't see them as such, and it is more important than ever for students who will soon enter the workforce to understand how they work.This book is completely updated and revised for a one-semester upper level undergraduate course in Computer Architecture, and suitable for use in an undergraduate CS, EE, or CE curriculum at the junior or senior level. Students should have had a course(s) covering introductory topics in digital logic and computer organization. While this is not a text for a programming course, the reader should be familiar with computer programming concepts in at least one language such as C, C++, or Java. Previous courses in operating systems, assembly language, and/or systems programming would be helpful, but are not essential.

Published
2017

21. ThermoAlign: a genome-aware primer design tool for tiled amplicon resequencing

Author

Felix Francis, Michael D. Dumas, and Randall J. Wisser

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Sequence analysis, Computer science, Sequence alignment, Genomics, Computational biology, Genome, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Zea mays, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, law, Polymerase chain reaction, DNA Primers, Multidisciplinary, Base Sequence, Oligonucleotide, DNA–DNA hybridization, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Amplicon, Dna amplification, 030104 developmental biology, Thermodynamics, Primer (molecular biology), Sequence Alignment, Genome, Plant, Software, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

Isolating and sequencing specific regions in a genome is a cornerstone of molecular biology. This has been facilitated by computationally encoding the thermodynamics of DNA hybridization for automated design of hybridization and priming oligonucleotides. However, the repetitive composition of genomes challenges the identification of target-specific oligonucleotides, which limits genetics and genomics research on many species. Here, a tool called ThermoAlign was developed that ensures the design of target-specific primer pairs for DNA amplification. This is achieved by evaluating the thermodynamics of hybridization for full-length oligonucleotide-template alignments — thermoalignments — across the genome to identify primers predicted to bind specifically to the target site. For amplification-based resequencing of regions that cannot be amplified by a single primer pair, a directed graph analysis method is used to identify minimum amplicon tiling paths. Laboratory validation by standard and long-range polymerase chain reaction and amplicon resequencing with maize, one of the most repetitive genomes sequenced to date (≈85% repeat content), demonstrated the specificity-by-design functionality of ThermoAlign. ThermoAlign is released under an open source license and bundled in a dependency-free container for wide distribution. It is anticipated that this tool will facilitate multiple applications in genetics and genomics and be useful in the workflow of high-throughput targeted resequencing studies.

Published
2017
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23. Prospects for Cherenkov Telescope Array Observations of the Young Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7−3946

Author

Csaba Balázs, M. Servillat, F. D'Ammando, D. Nosek, T. Yamamoto, A. Bilinsky, H.-S. Zechlin, Francesco Dazzi, A. Fernández-Barral, Satoshi Yoshiike, Catherine Boisson, Philippe Laporte, K. Nishijima, Yutaka Fujita, T. Armstrong, A. Shalchi, S. Kimura, D. Nakajima, Fuyuki Tokanai, Francesco Longo, S. Pavy, Philip Kaaret, W. van Driel, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, L. Nogués, F. Di Pierro, Wystan Benbow, T. Stolarczyk, Marco Padovani, T. Di Girolamo, Johan Bregeon, J. Rico, R. Wischnewski, A. Sillanpää, T. Grabarczyk, E. Pueschel, P. Blasi, S. D. Vergani, A. De Franco, C. Bonavolontà, J. Prast, J. Zorn, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Giuseppe Malaguti, A. Pe'Er, Stefano Covino, Akira Okumura, Takashi Saito, C. Aramo, Hermine Landt, R. Zanin, E. Fedorova, Shinji Hara, Yutaka Ohira, Petr Janecek, Petar Temnikov, T. B. Humensky, E. Fiandrini, C. Townsley, R. J. White, A. Fiasson, Koji Noda, Takanori Yoshikoshi, Y. Ikeno, Elena Amato, Yasuo Fukui, J. P. Lees, M. Nievas-Rosillo, Vito Conforti, Kazunori Kohri, I. Oya, M. Trifoglio, Gavin Rowell, Jacek Niemiec, Juan Abel Barrio, R. Walter, Stefan Wagner, Teresa Mineo, J. J. Watson, Reiko Orito, Masahiro Teshima, Jim Hinton, A. Pisarski, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, F. De Frondat, Robert Wagner, Pedro L. Luque-Escamilla, G. Morlino, Thomas Lohse, B. Rudak, Olaf Reimer, Josep Martí, Subir Sarkar, Martin White, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, Michiyuki Chikawa, Dusan Mandat, T. Montaruli, M. Mohammed, M. Iori, Oscar Blanch, Giovanni Bonanno, Benjamin Koch, M. A. Lopez, Julien Rousselle, M. Heller, Yusuke Konno, G. Maurin, J. Palacio, S. Gunji, C. Di Giulio, M. Zavrtanik, J.-P. Lenain, Adrian Biland, Michael Backes, Miroslav Filipovic, M. I. Martínez, M. Vazquez Acosta, Nicola Giglietto, J. M. Paredes, G. Fontaine, R. Moderski, A.A. Zdziarski, D. Tescaro, V. Vassiliev, C. van Eldik, H. Siejkowski, Stefan Kimeswenger, Shu Koyama, A. Bonardi, R. Gnatyk, S. Vorobiov, Oleh Petruk, M. Del Santo, Michał Szanecki, C. Delgado, Carole Mundell, Tomasz Szepieniec, Michael G. Burton, Bohdan Hnatyk, M. Capalbi, Kunihito Ioka, Jonathan Granot, Bohdan Novosyadlyj, Petr Schovanek, A. Weinstein, M. Stephan, Vikram V. Dwarkadas, L. Valore, Sabrina Einecke, P. Goldoni, J. Jacquemier, Hiroshi Muraishi, Andreas Quirrenbach, Takeshi Nakamori, Stefan Ohm, G. Busetto, Marcos Santander, A. Wierzcholska, Jaime Rosado, M. Yoshida, M. Huetten, S. Eschbach, Tatsuo Yoshida, Tomasz Bulik, Gino Tosti, Valentina Fioretti, Makoto Sawada, D. Zavrtanik, P. A. Caraveo, Mohamed Rameez, Sylvain Chaty, Nu. Komin, D. Dumas, Michael Zacharias, J. M. Huet, Reshmi Mukherjee, F. Lucarelli, L. Di Venere, Shuta J. Tanaka, F. de Palma, Shiu-Hang Lee, A. W. Chen, A. Giuliani, R. L. C. Starling, V. Beshley, Jonathan S. Lapington, Gilles Ferrand, Giovanni Covone, Rodrigo Nemmen, Tsuyoshi Inoue, R. C. Shellard, P. Cumani, G. Lamanna, Stefan Funk, Michele Doro, Koji Mori, G. Pühlhofer, Hidetoshi Sano, Susumu Inoue, Luis Ángel Tejedor, G. Kukec Mezek, Anderson Caproni, L. Freixas Coromina, M. de Naurois, D. Jankowsky, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Elina Lindfors, Saverio Lombardi, D. della Volpe, Giancarlo Cusumano, Andrea Orlati, S. Mangano, Samar Safi-Harb, Alexandre Marcowith, R. López-Coto, Martin Pohl, J. Lefaucheur, Vincenzo Rizi, Masayuki Tanaka, Shigehiro Nagataki, J. L. Rodriguez, Diego Falceta-Gonçalves, J. E. Ward, Petr Travnicek, I. Sadeh, Dominik Elsässer, P. Wilcox, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Kohta Murase, K. Lalik, M. Ostrowski, Vincenzo Testa, Tsuguya Naito, Matteo Cerruti, N. La Palombara, Yukikatsu Terada, Emmanuel Moulin, A. Balzer, M. Palatka, Samo Stanič, D. D'Urso, Łukasz Stawarz, D. Simone, Giuseppe Romeo, Francesco Giordano, Luca Zampieri, Michiko Ohishi, Giuseppe Leto, J.F. Glicenstein, G. De Cesare, Eleonora Torresi, R. A. Cameron, Katsuaki Asano, Ricardo Graciani, Gernot Maier, Paweł Wójcik, R. A. Ong, Jörg R. Hörandel, Carlo Vigorito, S. P. Wakely, Valerio Vagelli, Andrea Bulgarelli, J. Takeda, S. Brau-Nogué, Garret Cotter, Claudio Melioli, Hiroaki Yamamoto, M. Vrastil, Ryo Yamazaki, G. Maneva, N. Maxted, David A. Williams, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, Markus Böttcher, Andreas Zech, Jürgen Knödlseder, Daniel Nieto, Paola Grandi, Maria Concetta Maccarone, Y. Inome, I. Telezhinsky, Fabio Acero, Michael C. B. Ashley, D. A. Sanchez, C. de Lisio, Francisco J. Franco, J. L. Dournaux, M. Kraus, G. Bonnoli, Xian Chen, Massimo Persic, Jonathan Blazek, Giacomo Principe, Louis Antonelli, H. Hakobyan, A. De Angelis, Marek Nikolajuk, F. Schüssler, T. Nagayoshi, P.-O. Petrucci, P. Sangiorgi, N. Sakaki, Anthony M. Brown, S. Tsujimoto, J. J. Rodríguez Vázquez, A. Morselli, B. De Lotto, Juan Carlos Helo, S. Nozaki, M. Takahashi, Lili Yang, H. Schoorlemmer, Catherine Braiding, Justin Vandenbroucke, J. A. Graham, P. Vallania, Stanislav Stefanik, M. Fesquet, Roberto Aloisio, Diego F. Torres, Ciro Bigongiari, C. Díaz, Shohei Yanagita, M. Garczarczyk, Abelardo Moralejo, Hideaki Katagiri, R. de los Reyes Lopez, A. Burtovoi, M. Hussein, Hiroyasu Tajima, M. Prouza, M. Renaud, C. Trichard, M. K. Daniel, Maria Chernyakova, Tarek M. Hassan, A. Ziegler, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, Ll. Font, J. Kocot, Jiri Chudoba, J. P. Amans, Enrico Junior Schioppa, Alessandro Costa, Aya Bamba, A. Förster, F. Arqueros, Jan Ebr, M. Hayashida, A. J. Green, Marc Ribó, Olga Sergijenko, Hidetoshi Kubo, A. Porcelli, Tomohiro Inada, J. Biteau, J. Kushida, Jose Luis Contreras, S. Colafrancesco, Nestor Mirabal, V. Bugaev, R. J. García López, Vitalii Sliusar, I. Jung, Kathrin Egberts, G. Fasola, Maxim V. Barkov, Seiji Masuda, P. Romano, Enrico Cascone, V. I. Zhdanov, Elisa Prandini, Helene Sol, Rodolfo Carosi, S. Vercellone, Manuela Vecchi, German Martinez, A. Gadola, S. Griffiths, Satyendra Thoudam, Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CTA Consortium, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Acero F., Aloisio R., Amans J., Amato E., Antonelli L. A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Asano K., Ashley M., Backes M., Balazs C., Balzer A., Bamba A., Barkov M., Barrio J. A., Benbow W., Bernlöhr K., Beshley V., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Bilinsky A., Bissaldi E., Biteau J., Blanch O., Blasi P., Blazek J., Boisson C., Bonanno G., Bonardi A., Bonavolontà C., Bonnoli G., Braiding C., Brau-Nogué S., Bregeon J., Brown A. M., Bugaev V., Bulgarelli A., Bulik T., Burton M., Burtovoi A., Busetto G., Böttcher M., Cameron R., Capalbi M., Caproni A., Caraveo P., Carosi R., Cascone E., Cerruti M., Chaty S., Chen A., Chen X., Chernyakova M., Chikawa M., Chudoba J., Cohen-Tanugi J., Colafrancesco S., Conforti V., Contreras J. L., Costa A., Cotter G., Covino S., Covone G., Cumani P., Cusumano G., D’Ammando F., D’Urso D., Daniel M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Cesare G., De Franco A., De Frondat F., de Gouveia Dal Pino E. M., De Lisio C., de los Reyes Lopez R., De Lotto B., de Naurois M., De Palma F., Del Santo M., Delgado C., della Volpe D., Di Girolamo T., Di Giulio C., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Doro M., Dournaux J., Dumas D., Dwarkadas V., Díaz C., Ebr J., Egberts K., Einecke S., Elsässer D., Eschbach S., Falceta-Goncalves D., Fasola G., Fedorova E., Fernández-Barral A., Ferrand G., Fesquet M., Fiandrini E., Fiasson A., Filipovíc M. D., Fioretti V., Font L., Fontaine G., Franco F. J., Coromina L. Freixa, Fujita Y., Fukui Y., Funk S., Förster A., Gadola A., López R. Garcia, Garczarczyk M., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Giuliani A., Glicenstein J., Gnatyk R., Goldoni P., Grabarczyk T., Graciani R., Graham J., Grandi P., Granot J., Green A. J., Griffiths S., Gunji S., Hakobyan H., Hara S., Hassan T., Hayashida M., Heller M., Helo J. C., Hinton J., Hnatyk B., Huet J., Huetten M., Humensky T. B., Hussein M., Hörandel J., Ikeno Y., Inada T., Inome Y., Inoue S., Inoue T., Inoue Y., Ioka K., Iori M., Jacquemier J., Janecek P., Jankowsky D., Jung I., Kaaret P., Katagiri H., Kimeswenger S., Kimura S., Knödlseder J., Koch B., Kocot J., Kohri K., Komin N., Konno Y., Kosack K., Koyama S., Kraus M., Kubo H., Mezek G. Kukec, Kushida J., Palombara N. La, Lalik K., Lamanna G., Landt H., Lapington J., Laporte P., Lee S., Lees J., Lefaucheur J., Lenain J.-P., Leto G., Lindfors E., Lohse T., Lombardi S., Longo F., Lopez M., Lucarelli F., Luque-Escamilla P. L., López-Coto R., Maccarone M. C., Maier G., Malaguti G., Mandat D., Maneva G., Mangano S., Marcowith A., Martí J., Martínez M., Martínez G., Masuda S., Maurin G., Maxted N., Melioli C., Mineo T., Mirabal N., Mizuno T., Moderski R., Mohammed M., Montaruli T., Moralejo A., Mori K., Morlino G., Morselli A., Moulin E., Mukherjee R., Mundell C., Muraishi H., Murase K., Nagataki S., Nagayoshi T., Naito T., Nakajima D., Nakamori T., Nemmen R., Niemiec J., Nieto D., Nievas-Rosillo M., Nikołajuk M., Nishijima K., Noda K., Nogues L., Nosek D., Novosyadlyj B., Nozaki S., Ohira Y., Ohishi M., Ohm S., Okumura A., Ong R. A., Orito R., Orlati A., Ostrowski M., Oya I., Padovani M., Palacio J., Palatka M., Paredes J. M., Pavy S., Pe’Er A., Persic M., Petrucci P., Petruk O., Pisarski A., Pohl M., Porcelli A., Prandini E., Prast J., Principe G., Prouza M., Pueschel E., Pühlhofer G., Quirrenbach A., Rameez M., Reimer O., Renaud M., Ribó M., Rico J., Rizi V., Rodriguez J., Fernandez G. Rodriguez, Vázquez J. J. Rodríguez, Romano P., Romeo G., Rosado J., Rousselle J., Rowell G., Rudak B., Sadeh I., Safi-Harb S., Saito T., Sakaki N., Sanchez D., Sangiorgi P., Sano H., Santander M., Sarkar S., Sawada M., Schioppa E. J., Schoorlemmer H., Schovanek P., Schussler F., Sergijenko O., Servillat M., Shalchi A., Shellard R. C., Siejkowski H., Sillanpää A., Simone D., Sliusar V., Sol H., Stanič S., Starling R., Stawarz Ł., Stefanik S., Stephan M., Stolarczyk T., Szanecki M., Szepieniec T., Tagliaferri G., Tajima H., Takahashi M., Takeda J., Tanaka M., Tanaka S., Tejedor L. A., Telezhinsky I., Temnikov P., Terada Y., Tescaro D., Teshima M., Testa V., Thoudam S., Tokanai F., Torres D. F., Torresi E., Tosti G., Townsley C., Travnicek P., Trichard C., Trifoglio M., Tsujimoto S., Vagelli V., Vallania P., Valore L., van Driel W., van Eldik C., Vandenbroucke J., Vassiliev V., Vecchi M., Vercellone S., Vergani S., Vigorito C., Vorobiov S., Vrastil M., Acosta M. L. Vázquez, Wagner S. J., Wagner R., Wakely S. P., Walter R., Ward J. E., Watson J. J., Weinstein A., White M., White R., Wierzcholska A., Wilcox P., Williams D. A., Wischnewski R., Wojcik P., Yamamoto T., Yamamoto H., Yamazaki R., Yanagita S., Yang L., Yoshida T., Yoshida M., Yoshiike S., Yoshikoshi T., Zacharias M., Zampieri L., Zanin R., Zavrtanik M., Zavrtanik D., Zdziarski A., Zech A., Zechlin H., Zhdanov V., Ziegler A., Zorn J., Acero, F., Aloisio, R., Amans, J., Amato, E., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Armstrong, T., Arqueros, F., Asano, K., Ashley, M., Backes, M., Balazs, C., Balzer, A., Bamba, A., Barkov, M., Barrio, J. A., Benbow, W., Bernlöhr, K., Beshley, V., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bilinsky, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blasi, P., Blazek, J., Boisson, C., Bonanno, G., Bonardi, A., Bonavolontà, C., Bonnoli, G., Braiding, C., Brau Nogué, S., Bregeon, J., Brown, A. M., Bugaev, V., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burton, M., Burtovoi, A., Busetto, G., Böttcher, M., Cameron, R., Capalbi, M., Caproni, A., Caraveo, P., Carosi, R., Cascone, E., Cerruti, M., Chaty, S., Chen, A., Chen, X., Chernyakova, M., Chikawa, M., Chudoba, J., Cohen Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Conforti, V., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Cotter, G., Covino, S., Covone, G., Cumani, P., Cusumano, G., D’Ammando, F., D’Urso, D., Daniel, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Cesare, G., De Franco, A., De Frondat, F., de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M., De Lisio, C., de los Reyes Lopez, R., De Lotto, B., de Naurois, M., De Palma, F., Del Santo, M., Delgado, C., della Volpe, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Giulio, C., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Doro, M., Dournaux, J., Dumas, D., Dwarkadas, V., Díaz, C., Ebr, J., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Eschbach, S., Falceta Goncalves, D., Fasola, G., Fedorova, E., Fernández Barral, A., Ferrand, G., Fesquet, M., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovíc, M. D., Fioretti, V., Font, L., Fontaine, G., Franco, F. J., Coromina, L. Freixa, Fujita, Y., Fukui, Y., Funk, S., Förster, A., Gadola, A., López, R. Garcia, Garczarczyk, M., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giuliani, A., Glicenstein, J., Gnatyk, R., Goldoni, P., Grabarczyk, T., Graciani, R., Graham, J., Grandi, P., Granot, J., Green, A. J., Griffiths, S., Gunji, S., Hakobyan, H., Hara, S., Hassan, T., Hayashida, M., Heller, M., Helo, J. C., Hinton, J., Hnatyk, B., Huet, J., Huetten, M., Humensky, T. B., Hussein, M., Hörandel, J., Ikeno, Y., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Inoue, S., Inoue, T., Inoue, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Jacquemier, J., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, D., Jung, I., Kaaret, P., Katagiri, H., Kimeswenger, S., Kimura, S., Knödlseder, J., Koch, B., Kocot, J., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Konno, Y., Kosack, K., Koyama, S., Kraus, M., Kubo, H., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kushida, J., Palombara, N. La, Lalik, K., Lamanna, G., Landt, H., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lee, S., Lees, J., Lefaucheur, J., Lenain, J. P., Leto, G., Lindfors, E., Lohse, T., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, Lopez, M., Lucarelli, F., Luque Escamilla, P. L., López Coto, R., Maccarone, M. C., Maier, G., Malaguti, G., Mandat, D., Maneva, G., Mangano, S., Marcowith, A., Martí, J., Martínez, M., Martínez, G., Masuda, S., Maurin, G., Maxted, N., Melioli, C., Mineo, T., Mirabal, N., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Mohammed, M., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Mori, K., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Mukherjee, R., Mundell, C., Muraishi, H., Murase, K., Nagataki, S., Nagayoshi, T., Naito, T., Nakajima, D., Nakamori, T., Nemmen, R., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nikołajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogues, L., Nosek, D., Novosyadlyj, B., Nozaki, S., Ohira, Y., Ohishi, M., Ohm, S., Okumura, A., Ong, R. A., Orito, R., Orlati, A., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Padovani, M., Palacio, J., Palatka, M., Paredes, J. M., Pavy, S., Pe’Er, A., Persic, M., Petrucci, P., Petruk, O., Pisarski, A., Pohl, M., Porcelli, A., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Prouza, M., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Quirrenbach, A., Rameez, M., Reimer, O., Renaud, M., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rizi, V., Rodriguez, J., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Vázquez, J. J. Rodríguez, Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., Rousselle, J., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Sadeh, I., Safi Harb, S., Saito, T., Sakaki, N., Sanchez, D., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Sawada, M., Schioppa, E. J., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovanek, P., Schussler, F., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Shalchi, A., Shellard, R. C., Siejkowski, H., Sillanpää, A., Simone, D., Sliusar, V., Sol, H., Stanič, S., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Stefanik, S., Stephan, M., Stolarczyk, T., Szanecki, M., Szepieniec, T., Tagliaferri, G., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takeda, J., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, S., Tejedor, L. A., Telezhinsky, I., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Thoudam, S., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Townsley, C., Travnicek, P., Trichard, C., Trifoglio, M., Tsujimoto, S., Vagelli, V., Vallania, P., Valore, L., van Driel, W., van Eldik, C., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Vecchi, M., Vercellone, S., Vergani, S., Vigorito, C., Vorobiov, S., Vrastil, M., Acosta, M. L. Vázquez, Wagner, S. J., Wagner, R., Wakely, S. P., Walter, R., Ward, J. E., Watson, J. J., Weinstein, A., White, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wilcox, P., Williams, D. A., Wischnewski, R., Wojcik, P., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, H., Yamazaki, R., Yanagita, S., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, M., Yoshiike, S., Yoshikoshi, T., Zacharias, M., Zampieri, L., Zanin, R., Zavrtanik, M., Zavrtanik, D., Zdziarski, A., Zech, A., Zechlin, H., Zhdanov, V., Ziegler, A., Zorn, J., Acero et al, F., PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Acero, F, Aloisio, R, Amans, J, De Lisio, C, Di Girolamo, T, Valore, L, Covone, G, and Al., Et

Subjects
electron, Supernova Remnants, PARTICLE-ACCELERATION, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Astronomy, leptonic, Telescope Array Experiment, pi, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Supernova Remnant, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, Spectral line, spectrum, ISM: individual objects, HESS, Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmic ray, Physics, cosmic rays gamma rays: ISM ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7-3946, G347.3-0.5), spatial distribution, Gamma Ray, Cherenkov radiation, MAGNETIC-FIELD, Gamma ray, COSMIC-RAYS, ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7–3946, G347.3–0.5), Supernova, cosmic rays, gamma rays: ISM, ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7-3946, G347.3-0.5), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, gamma ray: emission, G347.3–0.5, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, individual objects: RX J1713.7–3946 [ISM], Compton scattering, Gamma Rays, G347.3-0.5), NONTHERMAL, accelerator, X-RAYS, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, INSTABILITY, Cosmic ray, hadronic, GLAST, ISM: individual objects (RX J1713.7-3946, ISM [gamma rays], gas, 0103 physical sciences, supernova, ddc:530, X-ray: emission, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, AMPLIFICATION, BROAD-BAND EMISSION, MOLECULAR CLOUDS, STREAMING, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astroparticle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, p: relativistic, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, ASTROFÍSICA, gamma ray: VHE, ddc:520, time dependence, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], RAIOS CÓSMICOS
Abstract

著者人数: 382名 (JAXA職員: 井上, 芳幸 : 小山, 志勇 : Lee, Shiu-Hang), Accepted: 2017-04-12, 資料番号: SA1170071000

Published
2017
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32. VIROME: a standard operating procedure for analysis of viral metagenome sequences

Author

K. Eric Wommack, Jing Chen, Shawn W. Polson, Sharath Srinivasiah, Megan Furman, Jaysheel Bhavsar, Michael D. Dumas, Daniel J. Nasko, and Sanchita Jamindar

Subjects
Genetics, 0303 health sciences, viral ecology, 030306 microbiology, Shotgun, ORFan, Computational biology, Ribosomal RNA, Biology, Genome, environmental sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, Annotation, Metagenomics, GenBank, Standard Operating Procedures, Human virome, ORFS, shotgun metagenomics, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

One consistent finding among studies using shotgun metagenomics to analyze whole viral communities is that most viral sequences show no significant homology to known sequences. Thus, bioinformatic analyses based on sequence collections such as GenBank nr, which are largely comprised of sequences from known organisms, tend to ignore a majority of sequences within most shotgun viral metagenome libraries. Here we describe a bioinformatic pipeline, the Viral Informatics Resource for Metagenome Exploration (VIROME), that emphasizes the classification of viral metagenome sequences (predicted open-reading frames) based on homology search results against both known and environmental sequences. Functional and taxonomic information is derived from five annotated sequence databases which are linked to the UniRef 100 database. Environmental classifications are obtained from hits against a custom database, MetaGenomes On-Line, which contains 49 million predicted environmental peptides. Each predicted viral metagenomic ORF run through the VIROME pipeline is placed into one of seven ORF classes, thus, every sequence receives a meaningful annotation. Additionally, the pipeline includes quality control measures to remove contaminating and poor quality sequence and assesses the potential amount of cellular DNA contamination in a viral metagenome library by screening for rRNA genes. Access to the VIROME pipeline and analysis results are provided through a web-application interface that is dynamically linked to a relational back-end database. The VIROME web-application interface is designed to allow users flexibility in retrieving sequences (reads, ORFs, predicted peptides) and search results for focused secondary analyses.

Published
2012
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33. A cryptic heterogametic transition revealed by sex-linked DNA markers in Palearctic green toads

Author

Stöck M. Croll D. Dumas Z. Biollay S. Wang J. Perrin N.

Abstract

In sharp contrast to birds and mammals most cold blooded vertebrates have homomorphic (morphologically undifferentiated) sex chromosomes. This might result either from recurrent X Y recombination (occurring e.g. during occasional events of sex reversal) or from frequent turnovers (during which sex determining genes are overthrown by new autosomal mutations). Evidence for turnovers is indeed mounting in fish but very few have so far been documented in amphibians possibly because of practical difficulties in identifying sex chromosomes. Female heterogamety (ZW) has long been established in Bufo bufo based on sex reversal and crossing experiments. Here we investigate a sex linked marker identified from a laboratory cross between Palearctic green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup). The F(1) offspring produced by a female Bufo balearicus and a male Bufo siculus were phenotypically sexed displaying an even sex ratio. A sex specific marker detected in highly reproducible AFLP genotypes was cloned. Sequencing revealed a noncoding microsatellite containing fragment. Reamplification and genotyping of families of this and a reciprocal cross showed B. siculus to be male heterogametic (XY) and suggested the same system for B. balearicus. Our results thus reveal a cryptic heterogametic transition within bufonid frogs and help explain patterns of hybrid fitness within the B. viridis subgroup. Turnovers of genetic sex determination systems may be more frequent in amphibians than previously thought and thus contribute to the prevalence of homomorphic sex chromosomes in this group.

Published
2011
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34. Desulfovibrio spp. survive within KB cells and modulate inflammatory responses

Author

Frédéric Massin, C. Bisson‐Boutelliez, A. Lozniewski, Neal Miller, and D. Dumas

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, Microbiology (medical), Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis, Immunology, Biology, environment and public health, Microbiology, Microtubule polymerization, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Immune system, General Dentistry, 030304 developmental biology, Cytochalasin D, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, organic chemicals, Intracellular parasite, equipment and supplies, biology.organism_classification, Desulfovibrio, 3. Good health, Nocodazole, chemistry, bacteria, Cytokine secretion
Abstract

Desulfovibrio are sulfate-reducing anaerobic gram-negative rods that have been proposed as potential periodontopathogens. We investigated the capacity of Desulfovibrio to invade epithelial cells and induce cytokine secretion from these cells. Desulfovibrio strains were co-cultured with KB cells and counts of intracellular bacteria evaluated up to 3 days after infection. Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis were able to survive within epithelial cells. Intracytoplasmic location of both bacterial species was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Invasion was sensitive to nocodazole, an inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, but not to cytochalasin D, a microfilament inhibitor, suggesting that microtubule rearrangements were involved in the internalization of Desulfovibrio strains by KB cells. Infection by Desulfovibrio resulted in increased production of IL-6 and IL-8 by KB cells. The ability of D. desulfuricans and D. fairfieldensis to survive within oral epithelial cells and to modulate the epithelial immune response may contribute to the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases.

Published
2010
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35. Use of Gene Expression Profiling Score Variability to Predict Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy: A Single Center Experience

Author

O. Aldibasi, Sapna Desai, S. Ware, D. Dumas-Hicks, L. Rejjal, K. Canales, S.R. Krim, Hector O. Ventura, R. Vasquez, and S. Sidhu

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Cardiac allograft vasculopathy, Single Center, Surgery, Gene expression profiling, Internal medicine, Cardiology, Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published
2017
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36. WELL LOG CALIBRATION OF KOHONEN-CLASSIFIED SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES USING BAYESIAN LOGIC

Author

T. Berge, M. T. Taner, D. Dumas, Joel Walls, Maggie Smith, Gareth Taylor, and Matt Carr

Subjects
Self-organizing map, Artificial neural network, Bayesian probability, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Geology, computer.software_genre, Identification (information), Fuel Technology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Reservoir modeling, Calibration, Node (circuits), Data mining, Cluster analysis, computer
Abstract

We present a new method for calibrating a classified 3D seismic volume. The classification process employs a Kohonen self-organizing map, a type of unsupervised artificial neural network; the subsequent calibration is performed using one or more suites of well logs. Kohonen self-organizing maps and other unsupervised clustering methods generate classes of data based on the identification of various discriminating features. These methods seek an organization in a dataset and form relational organized clusters. However, these clusters may or may not have any physical analogues in the real world. In order to relate them to the real world, we must develop a calibration method that not only defines the relationship between the clusters and real physical properties, but also provides an estimate of the validity of these relationships. With the development of this relationship, the whole dataset can then be calibrated. The clustering step reduces the multi-dimensional data into logically smaller groups. Each original data point defined by multiple attributes is reduced to a one- or two-dimensional relational group. This establishes some logical clustering and reduces the complexity of the classification problem. Furthermore, calibration should be more successful since it will have to consider less variability in the data. In this paper, we present a simple calibration method that employs Bayesian logic to provide the relationship between cluster centres and the real world. The output will give the most probable calibration between each self-organized map node and wellboremeasured parameters such as lithology, porosity and fluid saturation. The second part of the output comprises the calibration probability. The method is described in detail, and a case study is briefly presented using data acquired in the Orange River Basin, South Africa. The method shows promise as an alternative to current techniques for integrating seismic and log data during reservoir characterization.

Published
2001
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37. Decision Support Tool for Life-Cycle-Based Solid Waste Management

Author

E. Downey Brill, Eric Solano, Robert D. Dumas, S. Ranji Ranjithan, Kenneth W. Harrison, and Morton A. Barlaz

Subjects
Decision support system, Engineering, Municipal solid waste, Process modeling, Operations research, business.industry, Process (engineering), Software development, Computer Science Applications, Risk analysis (engineering), Software design, Systems design, User interface, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

Existing solid waste management (SWM) planning software provides only limited assistance to decision makers struggling to find strategies that address their multifarious concerns. The combinatorial nature (many waste items and many management options) and multiple objectives of the SWM problem severely constrain the effectiveness of a manual search process using these tools. Recognizing this, researchers have proposed several optimization-based search procedures. These methods, however, enjoy limited use due to the substantial expertise required for their application. This paper presents a new computer-based decision support framework that addresses these limitations. The new framework integrates process models that quantify the life-cycle inventory of a range of pollutants and costs for an extensive municipal solid waste system, an optimization search procedure that identifies strategies that meet cost and environmental objectives and site-specific restrictions, and a user-friendly interface that facilitates utilization of these components by practitioners. After describing the software design, the use and value of the tool in typical waste management scenarios is demonstrated through a hypothetical, but realistic, case study in which several alternative SWM strategies are generated and examined.

Published
2001
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38. Bovine β-lactoglobulin receptors on transformed mammalian cells (hybridomas MARK-3): characterization by flow cytometry

Author

Pierre Nabet, D Dumas, C Guimont, Francine Belleville-Nabet, N.S Palupi, P. Franck, B Dousset, Jean-François Stoltz, and Guy Linden

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, Analytical chemistry, Receptors, Cell Surface, Bioengineering, Lactoglobulins, Biology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Cell Line, Flow cytometry, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fluorescence microscope, medicine, Animals, Fluorescein, Receptor, Internalization, Fluorescent Dyes, media_common, Hybridomas, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Medicine, Flow Cytometry, Ligand (biochemistry), Dissociation constant, chemistry, Biophysics, Cattle, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate, Biotechnology, Conjugate
Abstract

Flow cytometry was used to demonstrate the presence of beta-lactoglobulin (betaLG) receptors on living murine hybridoma MARK-3 cells using a fluorescein isothiocyanate-betaLG conjugate (FITC-betaLG: molar ratio of 5:1). A site occupation curve was produced using a shift in the mean channel fluorescence at various concentrations of FITC-betaLG. The binding of labelled ligand was concentration dependent and was inhibited by unlabelled betaLG. The on-rate constant was 3.2x10(2) M(-1) min(-1) and the off-rate constant was 0.002 min(-1). Scatchard plot analysis gave a dissociation constant (K(d)) of 44+/-21x10(-7) and 39+/-24x10(-5) M (n=3). Flow cytometry indicated that at least 15% of the FITC-betaLG were internalized for 5 min and that internalization was temperature- and time-dependent. The internalization was confirmed by 3-D fluorescence microscopy (CELLScan system).

Published
2000
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39. A small angle X-ray scattering study on the porosity of anthracites

Author

D Dumas, C Blanche, Jean-Noël Rouzaud, J.M. Guet, and N. Cohaut

Subjects
Chord (geometry), Materials science, Small-angle X-ray scattering, Isotropy, chemistry.chemical_element, Mineralogy, General Chemistry, Coke, Thermal treatment, chemistry, General Materials Science, Lamellar structure, Composite material, Porosity, Carbon
Abstract

SAXS technique is applied on anthracites to study their heterogeneous microtexture and the mechanism of partial graphitization during a thermal treatment up to 2800°C. The effects of heat treatment on the porosity were observed at 1600°C and 2800°C and compared with homogeneous microtextures of mesoporous saccharose-based coke and lamellar anthracene-based coke. The main feature observed on raw anthracites, displaying the least degree of natural maturation and the largest isotropic distribution of aromatic units, is the occurrence of a characteristic distance of 20 A. After a HTT of 1600°C, the porosity of anthracites is close to 10–12%, carbon domains still being weakly organized, particularly on raw anthracites with the higher isotropic microtexture. Discrepancies resulting from the graphitization degree reached at 2800°C were shown using the porosity and the mean length of chord in the matter. The porosity varies respectively from 19%, corresponding to a mean length chord of 97 A for least graphitized anthracites, to 10% and a mean length chord of 235 A for the most graphitized one.

Published
2000
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40. Design, syntheses, and activity of new 3-[(sulfonylaryl)-amino]-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives as α-thrombin inhibitors

Author

John J. Baldwin, S. Dale Lewis, D. Dumas, Adel M. Naylor-Olsen, Gérard Leclerc, and Murcko Mark A

Subjects
Pharmacology, Molecular model, Bicyclic molecule, biology, Stereochemistry, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Hirudin, General Medicine, Combinatorial chemistry, Argatroban, Thrombin, Enzyme inhibitor, Drug Discovery, medicine, biology.protein, Moiety, medicine.drug, Discovery and development of direct thrombin inhibitors
Abstract

Thrombin plays a central role in thrombosis. Because of the medical need for novel antithrombotic drugs, a search for structurally novel thrombin inhibitors was undertaken. In the absence of a crystal structure, a class was designed based on a modeling approach which involved placing the essential functional groups of the thrombin antagonist MD-805 [1] (Argatroban) into the benzodiazepine nucleus. The best superposition was obtained with a 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one containing a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro quinolylsulfonyl moiety in the 3-position, a guanidino-phenyl at the 5-position, and N 1 -substituted with an acetic acid. Synthesis of these molecules provided compounds with an inhibitory activity with K 1 in the range of 40–1000 μJ.M. A report on the crystal structure of thrombin * hirudin(55-65) * MD-805 complex [2] suggested subsequent molecular modeling investigations to rationalize the pharmacological results.

Published
1998
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41. The rate of successful reactivation of labor epidural catheters for postpartum tubal ligation surgery*1

Author

Evan J. Goodman and Susan D. Dumas

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Epidural catheter, Tubal ligation, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, business.industry, Anesthesia, Anesthetic, Medicine, General Medicine, business, Postpartum period, Surgery, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background and Objectives Epidural catheters placed for analgesia during labor and delivery can be reused in the postpartum period for postpartum tubal ligation anesthesia. This study examined the success rate of such reactivation of epidural catheters. Methods We studied all patients who had received an epidural anesthetic for labor and delivery and who had the epidural catheter reactivated at a later time to provide anesthesia for a postpartum tubal ligation (PPTL) procedure between January, 1993 and June, 1995. The patients were divided into four groups based on the interval between delivery and PPTL incision: (a) less than 8 hours, (b) 8 hours to less than 16 hours, (c) 16 hours to less than 24 hours and (d) 24 hours or more. Results Overall, 92% (129/140) of the patients had their epidural catheters successfully reactivated. The success rate in all but the last group was over 90%, while only 80% of catheters could be reactivated if left in place for more than 24 hours. Conclusions Epidural catheters can be reactivated reliably for as long as 24 hours after they are placed.

Published
1998
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42. CDW state and superconductivity in the quasi-two-dimensional monophosphate tungsten bronze P4W14O50

Author

C. Schlenker, J. Marcus, Manuel Almeida, T. Ohm, C. Hess, Carley Paulsen, Gregoire Bonfait, D. Dumas, Martha Greenblatt, and Z. S. Teweldemedhin

Subjects
Superconductivity, Materials science, Magnetoresistance, Condensed matter physics, chemistry.chemical_element, Fermi surface, General Chemistry, engineering.material, Tungsten, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic susceptibility, chemistry, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Materials Chemistry, engineering, Bronze, Charge density wave
Abstract

The monophosphate tungsten bronzes (PO 2 ) 4 (WO 3 ) 2 m are quasi two-dimensional conductors which show electronic instabilities of the Peierls type. The m = 7 member of the series P 4 W 14 O 50 , undergoes two successive Peierls transitions at T P 1 = 188 K and T P 2 = 60 K. Weak localisation effects are observed in the low temperature charge density wave state. Resistivity, magnetoresistance and a.c. susceptibility measurements establish that a superconducting transition takes place at temperatures lower than approximately T c = 0.3 K. This indicates that superconductivity is related to parts of the Fermi surface left over after the Peierls gap openings.

Published
1997
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43. Mesure de la diffusivité de l’oxygène par inhibition de fluorescence de sondes pyréniques dans la membrane d’érythrocyte enrichie en cholestérol

Author

Sylvaine Muller, Francis Baros, ML Viriot, JF Stoltz, A Taccoen, D. Dumas, and F. Gouin

Subjects
Biochemistry
Abstract

L'influence du cholesterol sur la diffusibilite de l'oxygene dans les membranes biologiques a ete etudiee par inhibition de la fluorescence des acides pyrenebutyrique (PBA) et dodecanoique (PDA). La « fluidite membranaire », mesuree par polarisation de fluorescence avec des sondes specifiques de differentes regions membranaires (6, 12-AS, DPH, TMA-DPH), evolue inversement au rapport cholesterol/proteine (C/Pt) et varie en fonction de la region etudiee. La duree de vie du monomere du PDA, mesuree par fluorescence resolue dans le temps, croit avec le rapport C/Pt en absence d'O 2 . En presence d'O 2 , les valeurs des constantes d'inhibition dynamique du PDA augmentent avec le rapport C/Pt (diffusivite apparente d'O2 accrue). La diffusion d'O 2 augmenterait uniquement dans la region centrale de la membrane, caracterisee par le PDA. La variation de la solubilite d'O 2 dans des domaines restreints de polarite differente pourrait expliquer l'inhibition de fluorescence du PDA.

Published
1997
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44. Low Electrical Resistivity and High Thermal Conductivity Carbon Products: The Solution for Cell Lining

Author

C. J. Michel and D. Dumas

Subjects
Thermal conductivity, Materials science, chemistry, Cell lining, Aluminium, Natural resource economics, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, chemistry.chemical_element, Graphite, Composite material, Carbon, Light metal, Cathodic protection
Abstract

Semi-graphite, very often used in some other industries, was tested 25 years ago as a cathodic material for the aluminum cell. To-day, since energy costs have increased, semi-graphite becomes again a good solution for the cell lining. In this text, we have described its production process and its characteristics are given according to the temperature. Compared to pure graphite, it has got better mechanical characteristics (the same as standard carbon), a lower thermal conductivity, roughly the same resistivity and a lower cost. Computer studies and trials show that the use of semi-graphite leads to a good cell productivity, a low energy consumption and a long potlife.

Published
2013
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45. Introducing the CTA concept

Author

A. Mathieu, R. G. Wagner, K. Panagiotidis, S Rosier Lees, Julien Rousselle, M. Gómez Berisso, Michela Uslenghi, Stephen Maxfield, R. C. Shellard, Ivica Puljak, T. Le Flour, Thomas Schanz, Tobias C. Walther, Juanan Aguilar, Pierre Colin, M. Chikawa, N. Fouque, Mosè Mariotti, G. Fontaine, Merja Tornikoski, V. Diez-Blanco, Enrico Giro, A. Krepps, G. Koss, J. M. Martin, Sergio Billotta, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Keitaro Takahashi, S. Buson, P. Brook, S. Steiner, M. Dyrda, Joseph Silk, Sera Markoff, P. Lubinski, U. Schwanke, Sauvik Bhattacharyya, J. Ripken, T. Haubold, C. Zurbach, H. Wetteskind, R. Hermel, J. Darling, J. Nicolau-Kukliński, Konstancja Satalecka, M. Videla, Stefan Funk, P. Conconi, S. Bajtlik, Lukasz Stawarz, J. M. Paredes, K. Reitberger, Stefan Wagner, Teresa Mineo, David Kieda, G. Pareschi, Shigeto Kabuki, Makoto Sawada, Antonio Stamerra, Rodolfo Canestrari, N. Baby, G. Crimi, P. Kostka, J. Grube, R. Zanin, I. K. Kominis, L. Mc Comb, R. Sternberger, M. Fesquet, M. Tokarz, David Fink, Daniela Dorner, N. Hamer Heras, A. Moralejo Olaizola, M. de Naurois, Diego F. Torres, Claes Fransson, K. Nishijima, Yutaka Fujita, L. Fresnillo, B. García, R. Kossakowski, A. Masserot, H. von Gunten, Alkiviadis F. Bais, Ciro Bigongiari, A. Saggion, G. Papyan, I. Mrusek, K. Farakos, J. Michałowski, A. Franckowiak, Fernando Martinez, M. Doert, R. Wawrzaszek, Michele Doro, L. Sapozhnikov, Claudia Lavalley, D. Thuermann, A.A. Zdziarski, Cristina Knapic, Karen Byrum, N. Neyroud, Petr Schovanek, W. Domainko, D. Kastana, E. Birsin, Adrian Biland, F. Sánchez, Alexandre Marcowith, M. Errando, R. L. C. Starling, J. Schultze, A. Weinstein, B. B. Singh, Yassir Moudden, Jelena Aleksić, C. L. Naumann, V. Waegebaert, M. Shayduk, U. F. Katz, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, M. Schroedter, A. Vollhardt, O. Reimann, Hideyuki Ohoka, Vincenzo Testa, C. Jablonski, Tsuguya Naito, J. Schäfer, Stavros Maltezos, A. Wierzcholska, P. Wawer, L. Nellen, F. Mirabel, Tatsuo Yoshida, P. H. Carton, Nina Nowak, L. Platos, Riccardo Rando, P. P. Krueger, R. Wischnewski, W. Romaszkan, E. Fede, Martino Marisaldi, Markus Gaug, Richard Willingale, J. H. Buckley, U. De AlmeidaBarres, J. Knapp, Saverio Lombardi, D. della Volpe, A. Herrero, A. Bottani, E. Delagnes, Martin J. Hardcastle, C. Morello, Anna Lipniacka, T. Greenshaw, M. Renaud, Giancarlo Cusumano, Jonathan Biteau, M. Sowiński, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, T. B. Humensky, Michael G. Richer, G. Parks, G. Grasseau, H. Baba, Gino Tosti, Damir Lelas, H. Krawzcynski, David Paneque, M. Barcelo, R. Dickherber, P. Ferrando, Shinji Hara, D. Florin, Hideaki Katagiri, T. Shibata, Fuyuki Tokanai, N. A. McCubbin, J. Gomez-Ortega, D. Nakajima, A. Liolios, P. Laporte, Orjan Dale, A. Sillanpää, Dainis Dravins, Timothée Grégoire, Nu. Komin, A. Mihailidis, L. Sidoli, Shiu-Hang Lee, A. W. Chen, J. M. Illa, A. Kuznetsov, P. Munar-Adrover, D. Dominis Prester, Marcos Daniel Actis, Abraham D. Falcone, L. Journet, D. Hadasch, N. Galante, A. Murphy, C. J. Todero Peixoto, S. Wiesand, A. Aravantinos, A. C. Rovero, J. L. Dournaux, P. Romano, M. Hrabovsky, R. de los Reyes Lopez, M. Ostrowski, J. Pallota, Geza Gyuk, Petar Temnikov, R. Dubois, Jan Ebr, R. Koul, David J. Smith, S. Schwarzburg, P. Manigot, Chad Finley, Tarek M. Hassan, Giuseppe Sottile, Evgeni Ovcharov, P. J. Rajda, F. Krennrich, Peter L. Moore, W. B. Focke, W. Bednarek, Elena Amato, Kazunori Kohri, J. Gamez-Garcia, I. Oya, A. Shibuya, German Hermann, William H. Lee, Dorota Sobczyńska, X. Zhou, C. Balkowski, G. Vallejo, M. Hayashida, M. Bitossi, Loukas Vlahos, H. Lockart, N. Geffroy, L. Tibaldo, Marek Jamrozy, Luke O'c. Drury, Pratik Majumdar, P. Sutcliffe, S. Schlenstedt, M. Palatka, Christophe Champion, H. Ueno, M. Rupiński, P. Giommi, J. Schwarz, G. Pühlhofer, Takashi Saito, W. van Driel, C. van Eldik, Q. Xiong, Yasuo Fukui, A. Donat, A. Ibarra, R. S. Warwick, Michiko Ohishi, A. W. Smith, J.-P. Lenain, Aion Viana, Terry Ashton, Guillaume Dubus, Jacek Niemiec, K. Kodani, Luis Ángel Tejedor, A. Wörnlein, Takanori Yoshikoshi, Masahiro Teshima, W. Gäbele, Ll. Font, Olaf Reimer, J. F. Valdés-Galicia, Lucy Fortson, J. P. Osborne, Mattia Fornasa, Keith Bechtol, Masayuki Tanaka, Shigehiro Nagataki, M. Rataj, M. Ribordy, Emmanuel Moulin, I. de la Calle, K. Winiarski, C. Jeanney, I. Mognet, I. Vegas, C. Juffroy, Yutaka Ohira, A. Jacholkowska, Matthew Wood, A. E. Suárez, J. Bähr, K. M. Schure, J. Maya, M. Dafonseca, J. Tasan, R. Sugawara, M. Bourgeat, A. Mancilla, D. Pelat, Olga Botner, D. Nedbal, G. Depaola, Robert Wagner, T. Okuda, H. Arnaldi, Josep Martí, P. Corona, T. Bonev, D. Yelos, J. Sieiro, V. Scalzotto, Jacco Vink, D. Languignon, Marco Ajello, J. Vandenbrouke, Philipp Mertsch, M. Mordalska, P. Wegner, P. Ziółkowski, P. T. O'Brien, A. Nozato, Robert D. Preece, B. Huber, Matteo Balbo, J.R. Bogart, R. Kankanyan, K. Mori, T. Jogler, Seth Digel, Claudio Vuerli, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Thomas Lohse, K. Saito, A. W. Borgland, Elisa Prandini, Helene Sol, Ryan Heller, M. Bogdan, D. Dumas, M. Stodulski, Y. Awane, Piercarlo Bonifacio, Pedro L. Luque-Escamilla, Judith H. Croston, Fabio Pizzolato, P. M. Chadwick, M. K. Daniel, Riccardo Paoletti, Reiko Orito, Katsuaki Asano, R. Frei, G. Disset, Valerie Connaughton, Juhani Huovelin, Hiroyasu Tajima, S. Vercellone, F. Feinstein, G. Decerprit, Riccardo Smareglia, S. Spyrou, Gustavo E. Romero, J. Shi, J. Carr, N. Girard, Dirk L. Hoffmann, Andreas Zech, Markus Boettcher, Osvaldo Catalano, Akira Okumura, M. Dohmke, C. Föhr, Sabrina Casanova, R. A. Cameron, Jan Conrad, K. Umehara, K. K. Yadav, A. Paizis, John L. Quinn, L. Pogosyan, C. Farnier, William J. Potter, Domenico Impiombato, Tadashi Kifune, Jonathan Granot, Gernot Maier, M. Cieślar, S. Palanque, G.W. Fraser, J. Prast, R. Bose, Heidi Sandaker, G. Lamanna, Dusan Mandat, J.F. Glicenstein, J. Harris, D. Naumann, J. Ziolkowski, Michał Szanecki, C. Delgado, J. Kocot, W. Lustermann, Sabine Elles, J. Schmoll, L. Gérard, M. López, Norita Kawanaka, V. Gika, B. Lieunard, A. Pichel, Martin Pohl, Mariusz Sterzel, S. Vincent, Paolo De Coppi, J. Lande, O. Blanch Bigas, Gianluca Giavitto, Yusuke Konno, Julian Sitarek, M. Panter, P.-O. Petrucci, F. Henault, M. Prouza, Philip Kaaret, Josep Colomé, Luciano Nicastro, German Martinez, L. Gebremedhin, J. M. Yebras, Apostolos Mastichiadis, A. S. Madhavan, Thomas J. Maccarone, K. Berger, R. Buehler, P. Jean, N. Sartore, F. Toussenel, Aris Karastergiou, W. Kluźniak, A. Djannati-Ataï, S. J. Fegan, Louis Antonelli, A. González Muñoz, J. Berdugo, S. S. Upadhya, M. Sidz, F. Mottez, Patrick Vogler, F. Di Pierro, Wystan Benbow, B. Sacco, L. Chiappetti, J. Dumm, R. Firpo Curcoll, David Gascon, V. Boccone, J. Krause, J. P. Avernet, B. Peyaud, B. De Lotto, Ana Babić, T. O. B. Schmidt, I. M. McHardy, T. Schweizer, S. P. Wakely, Daniel Gall, Frank M. Rieger, E. Sant'Ambrogio, M. Kagaya, P. Vincent, R. C. Rannot, Sandro Mereghetti, A. De Angelis, M. Scarcioffolo, R. White, G. H. Sembroski, Takeshi Nakamori, C. Medina, M. A. De Oliveira Leigui, Subir Sarkar, A. Marszałek, Reshmi Mukherjee, K. Nakayama, A. Fiasson, S. Giarrusso, T. Bernardino, J. P. Finley, D. Neise, L. O. Takalo, F. Grañena, Nikola Godinovic, H. Sasaki, P. Zychowski, Francesco Dazzi, B. Courty, A. Basili, Vitaly Neustroev, B. Khélifi, T. Glanzman, M. Trifoglio, Regis Terrier, R. A. Ong, E. M. Santos, M. Minuti, Thomas Bretz, R. Moderski, J. Kushida, S. Royer, Emilio Molinari, Etienne Lyard, J. Houles, Juan Abel Barrio, T. Lerch, S. Rivoire, T. Kishimoto, M. Cailles, M. Casiraghi, Nikolaos Stergioulas, J. Gaweda, S. Koyama, Ingomar Allekotte, E. Ismailova, Elina Giannakaki, S. Schwemmer, Ryo Yamazaki, G. Fasola, Christoph Deil, Jose Luis Contreras, T. Bird, Miguel A. Sánchez-Conde, J. Dick, E. Edy, D. Parsons, R. Pyzioł, R. Mirzoyan, Manjuli R. Sharma, J. Borkowski, Jonathan S. Lapington, Cameron B Rulten, Rino Bandiera, Volker Beckmann, Jun Kakuwa, Dimitris Balis, Kenji Toma, Anna Barnacka, Andrea Santangelo, L. Padilla, Peter Eger, G. Decock, Karol Seweryn, N. Sakaki, Darko Veberič, Andrea Bulgarelli, B. Rudak, M. Pérez, H. Koppel, Felix Spanier, M. I. Martínez, D. Horville, Marco Molinaro, R. Walter, P. Ramon, S. Brau-Nogue, J. Camprecios, K. Kärcher, John H. Seiradakis, S. Criswell, D. J. Leopold, V. J. Guarino, R. Gredig, S. Vorobiov, Viktor Gruev, Gareth Hughes, Daniele Spiga, Quirin Weitzel, N. Håkansson, Susumu Inoue, U. Straumann, Juan Cortina, B. Behera, Jürgen Knödlseder, Daniel Nieto, Tomasz Szepieniec, H. Prokoph, Jerzy Grygorczuk, G. De La Vega, Jim Hinton, E. Chabanne, M. Mahabir, R. Krobot, M. Capalbi, Miroslav Pech, C. Díaz, J. Ludwin, F. Gianotti, Garret Cotter, Claudio Melioli, Hiroaki Yamamoto, C. Veyssiere, Kunihito Ioka, S. Sun, J. M. Parraud, L. Rob, Felix Aharonian, G. Maneva, D. Melkumyan, T. Schwab, J. Kasperek, J. M. Huet, E. Lorenz, S. Tanaka, Y. A. Gallant, S. Couturier, B.W. Favill, J. Boix Gargallo, Andrea Tiengo, Leszek Bogacz, Andreu Sanuy, Christian Fruck, J. Sykes, C. Martens, A. Yoshida, Marek Sikora, E. Racero, G. Rouaix, N. Bhat, A. Salini, A. S. Barber, Mauro Ghigo, Jan Ridky, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, C. Tenzer, Alice Allafort, M. Torres, Catherine Boisson, Grzegorz Kowal, M. Karczewski, G. Agnetta, Victor Stamatescu, Anthony H. Gonzalez, S. Rousselle, Giovanni Bonanno, A. Zajczyk, A. Gadola, P. Martin, V. Zitelli, I. Manthos, N. Maragos, A. Dettlaff, F. Profeti, S. Colonges, S. Gunji, S. Cazaux, S. Colafrancesco, M. Paz Arribas, Rika Hagiwara, Darell Engelhaupt, Nestor Mirabal, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, S. Grunewald, Abby M. Green, I. D. Davids, D. Nosek, T. Yamamoto, Gagik Tovmassian, R. Sakonaka, Miguel Alcubierre, C. Baixeras, T. L. Usher, Kazufumi Torii, H. Lüdecke, L. Wiśniewski, B. Kellner-Leidel, P. Demange, F. Gonzalez, B. Moal, V. De Caprio, V. Golev, K. Katarzyński, V. Bugaev, A. Reimer, J. Koziol, G. Pojmanski, Alessandro Carosi, J. Bolmont, A. Nikolaidis, R. J. García López, V. A. Kudryavtsev, C. Stegmann, J.-P. Ernenwein, M. Fiorini, Ivone F. M. Albuquerque, Marco Tavani, P. Korohoda, A. Giuliani, E. Carmona, C. Bauer, Kostas D. Kokkotas, O. Tibolla, G. Deleglise, Pierre Brun, Dinko Dimitrov, I. Jung, R. Steenkamp, Marc Ribó, Kathrin Egberts, P. Reardon, Adriano Ghedina, Stefan Rosén, N. Hidaka, Trygve Buanes, A. Segreto, H. Huan, Juri Poutanen, Ruben Lopez-Coto, S. Cavazzani, Massimiliano Belluso, A. Kretzschmann, F. De Frondat, A. Riviere, J. F. Olive, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Serena Mattiazzo, M. González, D. Fantinel, Matteo Cerruti, S. Vergani, Sabrina Einecke, N. La Palombara, Reinhard Schlickeiser, P. Antoranz, Pol Bordas, D. Paillot, V. de Souza, Yasushi Fukazawa, Phil Evans, Werner Hofmann, Hugh Dickinson, F. Roy, Yvonne Becherini, E. O. Angüner, D. Corti, T. C. Arlen, Francesco Russo, V. R. Chitnis, D. Ross, R. Gabriele, Massimo Persic, E. Fokitis, A. Bonardi, D. Garrido, A. Niedźwiecki, L. Cossio, Hidetoshi Kubo, Y. de Oliveira, F. Mattana, Anna Szostek, M. Compin, S. Blake, F. Lucarelli, Petter Hofverberg, Felix Ryde, M. Gougerot, C. Boutonnet, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, A. Mangano, P. Vallania, Jose Miguel Miranda, A. Manalaysay, M. Raue, A. Bouvier, Shohei Yanagita, Nektarios Vlahakis, Joni Tammi, M. Naumann-Godo, Kohta Murase, E. Fillin-Martino, Jiri Chudoba, K. Hatanaka, A. Lopatin, N. Otte, G. Rojas, Tomonori Totani, K. S. Gothe, J. P. Vialle, D. Kolitzus, K. Warda, Hironori Matsumoto, J. Rico, P. Ringegni, James Chiang, R. McKay, A. Bobkov, Aya Bamba, H. Takami, B. Giebels, O. Grimm, S. Basso, F. Dubois, Victor Zabalza, A. Förster, Pasquale Blasi, Alexandros Papayannis, A. G. Akhperjanian, Eckhard Kendziorra, James A. Anderson, Giuseppe Malaguti, R. Welsing, S. Pita, A. Ozieblo, Heide Costantini, D. Tezier, J.-H. Köhne, M. Tluczykont, Ll. Garrido, Alexander Varón Sandoval, Matthew R. Orr, Dominique Durand, F. Chollet, O. Luz, E. O. Saemann, Jun Kataoka, M. Proyetti, C. Barbier, Jürgen Barnstedt, L. Bouchet, Hiroshi Muraishi, Anton N. Baushev, L. A. Otero, Denis Bastieri, S. Incorvaia, Tihomir Surić, V. La Parola, Nathan Smith, Karl-Heinz Sulanke, F. Bernard, Luca Stringhetti, S. Paiano, S. Federici, Hector Flores, Karl Mannheim, Michael S. Briggs, Giovanna Pedaletti, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, J. D. Smith, G. La Rosa, Alicia López-Oramas, M. Janiak, Gary Drake, G. Talbot, Petr Travnicek, Elisabetta Bissaldi, Mario Meucci, R. Northrop, V. Scapin, Vito Conforti, J. D. Ponz, T. Aghajani, J. J. Jimenez, A. D. Supanitsky, Hernán Asorey, M. Werner, Brian Reville, A. Haupt, C. Skole, Gilles Henri, Daniele Gardiol, V. Vassiliev, R. Platzer, Y. Saito, A. La Barbera, Allan Hallgren, C. Eleftheriadis, S. Cantu, G. Maurin, K. Lacombe, A. Le Padellec, F. Stinzing, T. Hayakawa, A. Cillis, M. Suchenek, I. Monteiro, V. Sahakian, A. Di Paola, Grzegorz Madejski, A. De Luca, Andreas Quirrenbach, P. A. Caraveo, N. A. Webb, Michael Zacharias, J. Vanderwalt, Dario Hrupec, K. Ziȩtara, T. Armstrong, A. Lorca, T. Krähenbühl, A. Etchegoyen, Stefano Covino, C. Kalkuhl, K. Kitamoto, Tomasz Bulik, R. Rohlfs, D. Allan, A. Zhao, Luisa Arrabito, B. S. Acharya, T. Johnson, C. Schultz, G. Vasileiadis, Eleen Shum, Daniel Ferenc, Paola Grandi, Maria Concetta Maccarone, E. Strazzeri, H. Kelly, E. J. Quel, H. Vankov, Ruben Alfaro, I. Telezhinsky, J. Becker Tjus, C. Dufour, F. Köck, Ilana M. Braun, Jamie Holder, Ryoji Enomoto, Luigi Lessio, Michael Punch, Stefano Gabici, I. Puerto-Gimenez, S. Karkar, P. Nayman, M. Grudzińska, E. Aliu, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Elina Lindfors, J. Becerra, Daniel Mazin, Yukikatsu Terada, André Schulz, Teresa Montaruli, G. Bonnoli, S. Renner, Dieter Horns, J. Dyks, V. Pelassa, Mark I. Wilkinson, Ricardo Graciani, I. Troyano, P. Ristori, Thomas Kihm, P. Micolon, S. J. Nolan, Torsten Bringmann, David A. Williams, Joachim Hahn, L. Brunetti, U. Roeser, Wolfgang Rhode, Kanaris Tsinganos, Stefan Ohm, J. L. Panazol, G. Busetto, B. S., Acharya, M., Acti, T., Aghajani, G., Agnetta, J., Aguilar, F., Aharonian, M., Ajello, A., Akhperjanian, M., Alcubierre, J., Aleksic, R., Alfaro, E., Aliu, A. J., Allafort, D., Allan, I., Allekotte, E., Amato, J., Anderson, E. O., Anguener, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, A., Aravantino, T., Arlen, T., Armstrong, H., Arnaldi, L., Arrabito, K., Asano, T., Ashton, H. G., Asorey, Y., Awane, H., Baba, A., Babic, N., Baby, J., Baehr, A., Bai, C., Baixera, S., Bajtlik, M., Balbo, D., Bali, C., Balkowski, A., Bamba, R., Bandiera, A., Barber, C., Barbier, M., Barcelo, A., Barnacka, J., Barnstedt, U. B., De, J. A., Barrio, A., Basili, S., Basso, D., Bastieri, C., Bauer, A., Baushev, J., Becerra, Y., Becherini, K. C., Bechtol, J. B., Tju, V., Beckmann, W., Bednarek, B., Behera, M., Belluso, W., Benbow, J., Berdugo, K., Berger, F., Bernard, T., Bernardino, K., Bernloehr, N., Bhat, S., Bhattacharyya, C., Bigongiari, A., Biland, S., Billotta, T., Bird, E., Birsin, Bissaldi, Elisabetta, J., Biteau, M., Bitossi, S., Blake, O. B., Biga, P., Blasi, A., Bobkov, V., Boccone, M., Boettcher, L., Bogacz, J., Bogart, M., Bogdan, C., Boisson, J. B., Gargallo, J., Bolmont, G., Bonanno, A., Bonardi, T., Bonev, P., Bonifacio, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, A., Borgland, J., Borkowski, R., Bose, O., Botner, A., Bottani, L., Bouchet, M., Bourgeat, C., Boutonnet, A., Bouvier, S., Brau Nogue, I., Braun, T., Bretz, M., Brigg, T., Bringmann, P., Brook, P., Brun, L., Brunetti, T., Buane, J., Buckley, R., Buehler, V., Bugaev, A., Bulgarelli, T., Bulik, G., Busetto, S., Buson, K., Byrum, M., Caille, R., Cameron, J., Camprecio, R., Canestrari, S., Cantu, M., Capalbi, P., Caraveo, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, J., Carr, P. . ., H., S., Casanova, M., Casiraghi, O., Catalano, S., Cavazzani, S., Cazaux, M., Cerruti, E., Chabanne, P., Chadwick, C., Champion, A., Chen, J., Chiang, L., Chiappetti, M., Chikawa, V. R., Chitni, F., Chollet, J., Chudoba, M., Cieslar, A., Cilli, J., Cohen Tanugi, S., Colafrancesco, P., Colin, J., Calome, S., Colonge, M., Compin, P., Conconi, V., Conforti, V., Connaughton, J., Conrad, J. L., Contrera, P., Coppi, P., Corona, D., Corti, J., Cortina, L., Cossio, H., Costantini, G., Cotter, B., Courty, S., Couturier, S., Covino, G., Crimi, S. J., Criswell, J., Croston, G., Cusumano, M., Dafonseca, O., Dale, M., Daniel, J., Darling, I., David, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, V. D., Caprio, F. D., Frondat, E. M., De, I. d., La, G. A., De, R. d., Lo, B. D., Lotto, A. D., Luca, J. R., T., M. d., Nauroi, Y. d., Oliveira, E. d., Ona, V. d., Souza, G., Decerprit, G., Decock, C., Deil, E., Delagne, G., Deleglise, C., Delgado, D. D., Volpe, P., Demange, G., Depaola, A., Dettlaff, A. D., Paola, F. D., Pierro, C., Diaz, J., Dick, R., Dickherber, H., Dickinson, V., Diez Blanco, S., Digel, D., Dimitrov, G., Disset, A., Djannati Atai, M., Doert, M., Dohmke, W., Domainko, D. D., Prester, A., Donat, D., Dorner, M., Doro, J. . ., L., G., Drake, D., Dravin, L., Drury, F., Duboi, R., Duboi, G., Dubu, C., Dufour, D., Duma, J., Dumm, D., Durand, J., Dyk, M., Dyrda, J., Ebr, E., Edy, K., Egbert, P., Eger, S., Einecke, C., Eleftheriadi, S., Elle, D., Emmanoulopoulo, D., Engelhaupt, R., Enomoto, J. . ., P., M., Errando, A., Etchegoyen, P., Evan, A., Falcone, D., Fantinel, K., Farako, C., Farnier, G., Fasola, B., Favill, E., Fede, S., Federici, S., Fegan, F., Feinstein, D., Ferenc, P., Ferrando, M., Fesquet, A., Fiasson, E., Fillin Martino, D., Fink, C., Finley, J. P., Finley, M., Fiorini, R. F., Curcoll, H., Flore, D., Florin, W., Focke, C., Foehr, E., Fokiti, L., Font, G., Fontaine, M., Fornasa, A., Foerster, L., Fortson, N., Fouque, A., Franckowiak, C., Fransson, G., Fraser, R., Frei, I. F., M., L., Fresnillo, C., Fruck, Y., Fujita, Y., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, S., Funk, W., Gaebele, S., Gabici, R., Gabriele, A., Gadola, N., Galante, D., Gall, Y., Gallant, J., Gamez Garcia, B., Garcia, R. G., Lopez, D., Gardiol, D., Garrido, L., Garrido, D., Gascon, M., Gaug, J., Gaweda, L., Gebremedhin, N., Geffroy, L., Gerard, A., Ghedina, M., Ghigo, E., Giannakaki, F., Gianotti, S., Giarrusso, G., Giavitto, B., Giebel, V., Gika, P., Giommi, N., Girard, E., Giro, A., Giuliani, T., Glanzman, J. . ., F., N., Godinovic, V., Golev, M. G., Berisso, J., Gomez Ortega, M. M., Gonzalez, A., Gonzalez, F., Gonzalez, A. G., Munoz, K. S., Gothe, M., Gougerot, R., Graciani, P., Grandi, F., Granena, J., Granot, G., Grasseau, R., Gredig, A., Green, T., Greenshaw, T., Gregoire, O., Grimm, J., Grube, M., Grudzinska, V., Gruev, S., Gruenewald, J., Grygorczuk, V., Guarino, S., Gunji, G., Gyuk, D., Hadasch, R., Hagiwara, J., Hahn, N., Hakansson, A., Hallgren, N. H., Hera, S., Hara, M. J., Hardcastle, J., Harri, T., Hassan, K., Hatanaka, T., Haubold, A., Haupt, T., Hayakawa, M., Hayashida, R., Heller, F., Henault, G., Henri, G., Hermann, R., Hermel, A., Herrero, N., Hidaka, J., Hinton, D., Hoffmann, W., Hofmann, P., Hofverberg, J., Holder, D., Horn, D., Horville, J., Houle, M., Hrabovsky, D., Hrupec, H., Huan, B., Huber, J. . ., M., G., Hughe, T. B., Humensky, J., Huovelin, A., Ibarra, J. M., Illa, D., Impiombato, S., Incorvaia, S., Inoue, Y., Inoue, K., Ioka, E., Ismailova, C., Jablonski, A., Jacholkowska, M., Jamrozy, M., Janiak, P., Jean, C., Jeanney, J. J., Jimenez, T., Jogler, T., Johnson, L., Journet, C., Juffroy, I., Jung, P., Kaaret, S., Kabuki, M., Kagaya, J., Kakuwa, C., Kalkuhl, R., Kankanyan, A., Karastergiou, K., Kaercher, M., Karczewski, S., Karkar, A., Kasperek, D., Kastana, H., Katagiri, J., Kataoka, K., Katarzynski, U., Katz, N., Kawanaka, B., Kellner Leidel, H., Kelly, E., Kendziorra, B., Khelifi, D. B., Kieda, T., Kifune, T., Kihm, T., Kishimoto, K., Kitamoto, W., Kluzniak, C., Knapic, J. w., Knapp, J., Knoedlseder, F., Koeck, J., Kocot, K., Kodani, J. . ., H., K., Kohri, K., Kokkota, D., Kolitzu, N., Komin, I., Komini, Y., Konno, H., Koeppel, P., Korohoda, K., Kosack, G., Ko, R., Kossakowski, P., Kostka, R., Koul, G., Kowal, S., Koyama, J., Koziol, T., Kraehenbuehl, J., Krause, H., Krawzcynski, F., Krennrich, A., Krepp, A., Kretzschmann, R., Krobot, P., Krueger, H., Kubo, V. A., Kudryavtsev, J., Kushida, A., Kuznetsov, A. L., Barbera, N. L., Palombara, V. L., Parola, G. L., Rosa, K., Lacombe, G., Lamanna, J., Lande, D., Languignon, J., Lapington, P., Laporte, C., Lavalley, T. L., Flour, A. L., Padellec, S. . ., H., W. H., Lee, M. A., Leigui, D., Lela, D. J., Leopold, T., Lerch, L., Lessio, B., Lieunard, E., Lindfor, A., Liolio, A., Lipniacka, H., Lockart, T., Lohse, S., Lombardi, A., Lopatin, M., Lopez, R., Lopez Coto, A., Lopez Orama, A., Lorca, E., Lorenz, P., Lubinski, F., Lucarelli, H., Luedecke, J., Ludwin, P. L., Luque Escamilla, W., Lustermann, O., Luz, E., Lyard, M. C., Maccarone, T. J., Maccarone, G. M., Madejski, A., Madhavan, M., Mahabir, G., Maier, P., Majumdar, G., Malaguti, S., Maltezo, A., Manalaysay, A., Mancilla, D., Mandat, G., Maneva, A., Mangano, P., Manigot, K., Mannheim, I., Mantho, N., Marago, A., Marcowith, M., Mariotti, M., Marisaldi, S., Markoff, A., Marszalek, C., Marten, J., Marti, P., Martin, G., Martinez, F., Martinez, M., Martinez, A., Masserot, A., Mastichiadi, A., Mathieu, H., Matsumoto, F., Mattana, S., Mattiazzo, G., Maurin, S., Maxfield, J., Maya, D., Mazin, L. M., Comb, N., Mccubbin, I., Mchardy, R., Mckay, C., Medina, C., Melioli, D., Melkumyan, S., Mereghetti, P., Mertsch, M., Meucci, J., Michalowski, P., Micolon, A., Mihailidi, T., Mineo, M., Minuti, N., Mirabal, F., Mirabel, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, T., Mizuno, B., Moal, R., Moderski, I., Mognet, E., Molinari, M., Molinaro, T., Montaruli, I., Monteiro, P., Moore, A. M., Olaizola, M., Mordalska, C., Morello, K., Mori, F., Mottez, Y., Moudden, E., Moulin, I., Mrusek, R., Mukherjee, P., Munar Adrover, H., Muraishi, K., Murase, A., Murphy, S., Nagataki, T., Naito, D., Nakajima, T., Nakamori, K., Nakayama, C., Naumann, D., Naumann, M., Naumann Godo, P., Nayman, D., Nedbal, D., Neise, L., Nellen, V., Neustroev, N., Neyroud, L., Nicastro, J., Nicolau Kuklinski, A., Niedzwiecki, J., Niemiec, D., Nieto, A., Nikolaidi, K., Nishijima, S., Nolan, R., Northrop, D., Nosek, N., Nowak, A., Nozato, P., O'Brien, Y., Ohira, M., Ohishi, S., Ohm, H., Ohoka, T., Okuda, A., Okumura, R. A., Ong, R., Orito, M., Orr, J., Osborne, M., Ostrowski, L. A., Otero, N., Otte, E., Ovcharov, I., Oya, A., Ozieblo, L., Padilla, S., Paiano, D., Paillot, A., Paizi, S., Palanque, M., Palatka, J., Pallota, K., Panagiotidi, D., Paneque, M., Panter, R., Paoletti, A., Papayanni, G., Papyan, J. M., Parede, G., Pareschi, G., Park, D., Parson, M. P., Arriba, M., Pech, G., Pedaletti, V., Pelassa, D., Pelat, M. D., C., M., Persic, P. . ., O., B., Peyaud, A., Pichel, S., Pita, F., Pizzolato, L., Plato, R., Platzer, L., Pogosyan, M., Pohl, G., Pojmanski, J. D., Ponz, W., Potter, J., Poutanen, E., Prandini, J., Prast, R., Preece, F., Profeti, H., Prokoph, M., Prouza, M., Proyetti, I., Puerto Gimenez, G., Puehlhofer, I., Puljak, M., Punch, R., Pyziol, E. J., Quel, J., Quinn, A., Quirrenbach, E., Racero, P. J., Rajda, P., Ramon, R., Rando, R. C., Rannot, M., Rataj, M., Raue, P., Reardon, O., Reimann, A., Reimer, O., Reimer, K., Reitberger, M., Renaud, S., Renner, B., Reville, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, M., Ribordy, M. G., Richer, J., Rico, J., Ridky, F., Rieger, P., Ringegni, J., Ripken, P. R., Ristori, A., Riviere, S., Rivoire, L., Rob, U., Roeser, R., Rohlf, G., Roja, P., Romano, W., Romaszkan, G. E., Romero, S., Rosen, S. R., Lee, D., Ro, G., Rouaix, J., Rousselle, S., Rousselle, A. C., Rovero, F., Roy, S., Royer, B., Rudak, C., Rulten, M., Rupinski, F., Russo, F., Ryde, B., Sacco, E. O., Saemann, A., Saggion, V., Safiakian, K., Saito, T., Saito, Y., Saito, N., Sakaki, R., Sakonaka, A., Salini, F., Sanchez, M., Sanchez Conde, A., Sandoval, H., Sandaker, E., Sant'Ambrogio, A., Santangelo, E. M., Santo, A., Sanuy, L., Sapozhnikov, S., Sarkar, N., Sartore, H., Sasaki, K., Satalecka, M., Sawada, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, M., Scarcioffolo, J., Schafer, T., Schanz, S., Schlenstedt, R., Schlickeiser, T., Schmidt, J., Schmoll, P., Schovanek, M., Schroedter, C., Schultz, J., Schultze, A., Schulz, K., Schure, T., Schwab, U., Schwanke, J., Schwarz, S., Schwarzburg, T., Schweizer, S., Schwemmer, A., Segreto, G. H., Sembroski, K., Seweryn, M., Sharma, M., Shayduk, R. C., Shellard, J., Shi, T., Shibata, A., Shibuya, E., Shum, L., Sidoli, M., Sidz, J., Sieiro, M., Sikora, J., Silk, A., Sillanpaa, B. B., Singh, J., Sitarek, C., Skole, R., Smareglia, A., Smith, D., Smith, J., Smith, N., Smith, D., Sobczynska, H., Sol, G., Sottile, M., Sowinski, F., Spanier, D., Spiga, S., Spyrou, V., Stamatescu, A., Stamerra, R., Starling, L., Stawarz, R., Steenkamp, C., Stegmann, S., Steiner, N., Stergioula, R., Sternberger, M., Sterzel, F., Stinzing, M., Stodulski, U., Straumann, E., Strazzeri, L., Stringhetti, A., Suarez, M., Suchenek, R., Sugawara, K. . ., H., S., Sun, A. D., Supanitsky, T., Suric, P., Sutcliffe, J., Syke, M., Szanecki, T., Szepieniec, A., Szostek, G., Tagliaferri, H., Tajima, H., Takahashi, K., Takahashi, L., Takalo, H., Takami, C., Talbot, J., Tammi, M., Tanaka, S., Tanaka, J., Tasan, M., Tavani, L. A., Tejedor, I., Telezhinsky, P., Temnikov, C., Tenzer, Y., Terada, R., Terrier, M., Teshima, V., Testa, D., Tezier, D., Thuermann, L., Tibaldo, O., Tibolla, A., Tiengo, M., Tluczykont, C. J., Todero, F., Tokanai, M., Tokarz, K., Toma, K., Torii, M., Tornikoski, D. F., Torre, M., Torre, G., Tosti, T., Totani, C., Toussenel, G., Tovmassian, P., Travnicek, M., Trifoglio, I., Troyano, K., Tsingano, H., Ueno, K., Umehara, S. S., Upadhya, T., Usher, M., Uslenghi, J. F., Valdes Galicia, P., Vallania, G., Vallejo, W. v., Driel, C. v., Eldik, J., Vandenbrouke, J., Vanderwalt, H., Vankov, G., Vasileiadi, V., Vassiliev, D., Veberic, I., Vega, S., Vercellone, S., Vergani, C., Veyssiere, J. P., Vialle, A., Viana, M., Videla, P., Vincent, S., Vincent, J., Vink, N., Vlahaki, L., Vlaho, P., Vogler, A., Vollhardt, H. . ., P., S., Vorobiov, C., Vuerli, V., Waegebaert, R., Wagner, R. G., Wagner, S., Wagner, S. P., Wakely, R., Walter, T., Walther, K., Warda, R., Warwick, P., Wawer, R., Wawrzaszek, N., Webb, P., Wegner, A., Weinstein, Q., Weitzel, R., Welsing, M., Werner, H., Wetteskind, R., White, A., Wierzcholska, S., Wiesand, M., Wilkinson, D. A., William, R., Willingale, K., Winiarski, R., Wischnewski, L., Wisniewski, M., Wood, A., Woernlein, Q., Xiong, K. K., Yadav, H., Yamamoto, T., Yamamoto, R., Yamazaki, S., Yanagita, J. M., Yebra, D., Yelo, A., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, V., Zabalza, M., Zacharia, A., Zajczyk, R., Zanin, A., Zdziarski, A., Zech, A., Zhao, X., Zhou, K., Zietara, J., Ziolkowski, P., Ziolkowski, V., Zitelli, C., Zurbach, P., Zychowski, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CTA, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Next generation Cherenkov telescopes, Ciencias Físicas, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, TeV GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY, Observatory, Air showers, HESS, Cherenkov Telescopes, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, MISSION, SUPERNOVA REMNANT W44, TELESCOPE, ASTRONOMY, EMISSION, Physics, ta213, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, TeV gamma-ray astronomy, ddc:540, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Air shower, AIR SHOWERS, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 0103 physical sciences, Preparatory phase, ta115, TeV gamma-ray astronomy Air showers Cherenkov Telescopes, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, CHERENKOV TELESCOPES, Física, Astronomy, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ASTROFÍSICA, Cherenkov Telescope Array, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astronomía, Design study, Telecommunications, business
Abstract

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project., La lista completa de autores puede consultarse en el documento o en la página web de la revista., Facultad de Ingeniería

Published
2013
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46. Urethral disruption with urinary extravasation: a delayed complication of pancreatic transplantation

Author

Paul L. Sonda, Robert M. Merion, Ronald O. Bude, Michel D. Dumas, and Richard H. Cohan

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pancreatic disease, Duodenum, medicine.medical_treatment, Urinary Bladder, Foley catheter, Urine, Pancreas transplantation, urologic and male genital diseases, Urethra, stomatognathic system, Urethral Diseases, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Pancreas, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Anastomosis, Surgical, Pancreatic Ducts, Cystoscopy, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, medicine.disease, Extravasation, Surgery, Radiography, Transplantation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Pancreas Transplantation, Urinary Catheterization, business, Complication
Abstract

To describe the radiographic features and potential causes of urethral disruption in pancreas transplant recipients.Eight episodes of urinary extravasation were depicted with retrograde urethrography in five male patients who had undergone pancreatic transplantation. The patients' medical records were reviewed to determine a cause of the extravasations.Four extravasations occurred at the proximal (deep) bulbar urethra, three at the bulbomembranous junction of the urethra, and one at the distal bulbar urethra. Four of eight cases of extravasation were preceded by recent cystoscopy or placement of a Foley catheter; one case was preceded by possible urethral injury due to a fall.Urethral disruption occurs as a complication of pancreatic transplantation. It has so far been seen only in male patients and occurs at the bulbar urethra or bulbomembranous junction. If the treating physician is unaware of this condition, diagnosis and institution of appropriate therapy may be delayed. Recent prior urinary tract instrumentation or trauma may be predisposing factors in urinary extravasation.

Published
1996
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47. Sodium reactivity with carbons

Author

Ph. Touzain, L. Joncourt, B. Allard, D. Dumas, M. Mermoux, and L. Bonnetain

Subjects
Capillary condensation, Sodium, Intercalation (chemistry), Inorganic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, Electrolyte, Condensed Matter Physics, Adsorption, chemistry, General Materials Science, Reactivity (chemistry), Crystallite, Carbon
Abstract

We report in this paper some results on the reactivity of different carbon materials, and in particular a set of pitch-coke samples heat treated between 800 and 2400 °C, with sodium. An experimental cell has been designed, which allows carbon to react with sodium vapor at relative pressure close to 0.9 up to 800 °C. The different carbon-sodium samples were examined using X-ray diffraction. The sodium uptake has been related both to intercalation and adsorption or capillary condensation. It is shown that the amount of intercalated sodium cannot be related to one of the structural parameters deduced from the X-ray diffraction patterns or from the Raman spectra of the pristine samples. We then discuss the uncertainty of our results as a function of the crystallite size (La and Lc) of the carbon samples, assuming an in-plane ratio C : Na of 8. Finally, some preliminary results concerning the electrochemical intercalation of sodium in pitch-coke samples heat-treated at different temperatures in a solid state sodium-carbon battery using a polymer electrolyte will be presented in order to assess the amount of intercalated sodium.

Published
1996
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48. Translabial ultrasonography and placenta previa: does measurement of the os-placenta distance predict outcome?

Author

W M Romano, R Gagnon, R J Gratton, R D Mowbray, M D Dumas, and W B Dawson

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Placenta, Placenta Previa, Gestational Age, Cervix Uteri, Sensitivity and Specificity, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, reproductive and urinary physiology, Retrospective Studies, Ultrasonography, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Vaginal delivery, Obstetrics, Pregnancy Outcome, Gestational age, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Placenta previa, Low-Lying Placenta, medicine.anatomical_structure, embryonic structures, Female, business, Placenta Diseases
Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the value of the measurement of os-placenta distance by translabial ultrasonography in the evaluation of placenta previa. This method was used in 40 women with suspected placenta previa to measure the distance between the placenta and internal cervical os. Sonographic diagnoses were compared to placental location determined at delivery. Translabial ultrasonography proved superior to the transabdominal route in both diagnosis and exclusion of placenta previa. Measurement of the os-placenta distance can be used as an adjunct to clinical assessment to predict the likelihood of safe vaginal delivery in cases of suspected placenta previa.

Published
1996
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49. Pyrrolidine-modified and 6-substituted analogs of nicotine: A structure—affinity investigation

Author

John A. Rosecrans, J. R. James, Billy R. Martin, Wolfgang Fiedler, D. Dumas, I Damaj, Richard A. Glennon, and M. Dukat

Subjects
Pharmacology, Tertiary amine, Bicyclic molecule, Stimulus generalization, Stereochemistry, Ligand, Organic Chemistry, General Medicine, Chemical synthesis, Pyrrolidine, Nicotine, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Drug Discovery, medicine, medicine.drug, Acetylcholine receptor
Abstract

Summary Because the structural requirements for the binding of nicotine to central nicotine receptors remain largely uninvestigated, we undertook a systematic investigation of pyrrolidine ring-opened analogs. This led to a subsequent investigation of related conformationally restricted derivatives of these analogs. The results are reported relative to the binding of several well-known and widely used nicotine receptor ligands. Although none of the ring-opened analogs binds with higher affinity than (−)nicotine (Ki = 2.3 nM), 3-(N-methyl-N-ethylaminomethyl)pyridine (12a; Ki = 28 nM) binds with significant affinity. A conformationally restricted analog of 12a, N-methyl [2,7]naphthyridine 30b (Ki = 18 nM), binds with similar affinity. 6-Substitution of 12a and racemic nicotine seems to be tolerated when the substituent is halogen or methyl. In functional studies (hypolocomotion and antinociception in mice; stimulus generalization in nicotine-trained rats) 30b retains nicotine-like properties. Several of the 6-substituted compounds were 2 to 20 times more potent than (±)nicotine. Although the intact pyrrolidine ring of nicotine appears important for optimal affinity, its presence is not an absolute requirement for activity, and 6-position substitution of the pyridine nucleus can influence both binding and functional activity.

Published
1996
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50. Internal reference systems for electrochemical studies in molten sodium fluoride at 1025°C

Author

J. Bouteillon, D. Dumas, Nafaâ Adhoum, and J.C. Poignet

Subjects
Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Electrode, Inorganic chemistry, Electrochemistry, Reversible hydrogen electrode, Electrolyte, Molten salt, Voltammetry, Reference electrode, Analytical Chemistry, Electrode potential
Abstract

The design of reliable reference electrodes for molten fluorides is a major problem, and therefore internal reference systems obtained by in-situ generation of a redox couple were investigated. The Na + Na , Ni 2+ Ni , Mo 3+ Mo and Fe 2+ Fe couples were examined using convolution voltammetry, and the last of these was selected. Galvanostatic pulses were used to generate ferrous ions at the interface between a solid iron electrode and the electrolyte, and then the current was switched off and the system allowed to relax. The redox system was reversible, the theoretical equations were obeyed and the electrode potential determinations were very reproducible. The potential measured at a given time could be used to check the potential of a classical reference or pseudo-reference electrode in molten NaF at 1025°C within ±2 mV.

Published
1995
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