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Orthopedic surgery and surgery for cancer are major risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can occur in up to 50% of patients after major orthopedic surgery. The rate of VTE after cancer surgery varies according to the type of surgery, with rates as high as those after orthopedic surgery in certain settings. Use of thromboprophylaxis in these high-risk settings is well established and recent studies inform the type and duration of thromboprophylaxis. With major orthopedic surgery, there has been a shift from use of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) along with renewed interest in aspirin as a thromboprophylaxis agent. Recent studies have also informed optimal thromboprophylaxis strategies after nonmajor orthopedic surgery. Use of thromboprophylaxis after major cancer surgery for cancer is established and recent evidence has focused on the potential benefits of extended-duration thromboprophylaxis. This review will summarize emerging evidence for thromboprophylaxis after orthopedic and cancer surgery with a view to providing clinicians with concise and actionable guidance for best practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) can be the first sign of an occult cancer. The rate of occult cancer detection within 12 months of a newly diagnosed unprovoked VTE is approximately 5%. Therefore, it is appealing for clinicians to screen patients with unprovoked VTE for occult cancer, as it could potentially decrease cancer-related mortality and morbidity and improve quality of life. However, several randomized controlled trials have failed to report that an extensive occult cancer screening strategy (e.g., computed tomography of the abdomen/pelvis) is improving these patient-important outcomes. Therefore, clinical guidance documents suggest that patients should only undergo a limited screening strategy including a thorough medical history, physical examination, basic laboratory investigations (i.e., complete blood count and liver function tests), chest X-ray, as well as age- and gender-specific cancer screening (breast, cervical, colon and prostate). More intensive occult cancer screening including additional investigations is not routinely recommended. This narrative review will focus on the epidemiology, timing, and evidence regarding occult cancer detection in patients with unprovoked VTE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to compare two teaching methods of a predialysis educational program, namely on-site and by distance. This program was offered to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3. The experimental group one received the on-site program, whereas the experimental group two received the teaching program by distance. This study uses a pre-test post-test design. Measures included a Sociodemographic Information Form, the Degree of Knowledge Integration (Aucoin-Gallant, 1998), and the Knowledge Satisfaction Scale (Aucoin, 1998). In this study, both groups are homogenous from a sociodemographic perspective and have similar creatinine clearance values. Findings demonstrate an increase with knowledge integration and satisfaction with knowledge that is statistically significant for both groups of subjects. Participants in group two learned as much as participants in group one. This study highlights that knowledge integration leads to satisfaction in both groups of subjects. The results demonstrate that predialysis teaching delivered on-site or by distance promotes knowledge integration for patients with CKD stage 3.