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Acmella oleracea is a medicinal herb that belongs to the family Asteraceae and is used in folk medicine. It began to expand globally as a medicinal and ornamental plant in the early 21st century. Because of its prospective medical and cosmetic characteristics derived from its active components, it is likely to be exploited in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. As a result, it is critical to have a comprehensive understanding of the plant's active compounds and their possible effects as soon as feasible. In our research, we aimed to detect secondary metabolites in the leaves and inflorescence and investigate the antibiotic activity of the plant. In total, 77 active components were detected. Eight substances were only in the flowers, and four substances were only in the leaves. Several of the newly discovered active components have promising medicinal significance. The antibiotic activity was tested on five different microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus (two strains), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella aerogenes, and fungi: Candida krusei and Candida glabrata. Our experiment demonstrated that Acmella oleracea extract has a strong inhibitory effect against the microscopic fungus Candida krusei. Based on our experiments, further phytotherapeutic use of the plant is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humans have used medicinal plants to treat various diseases for thousands of years. Cistus species are also widely used in traditional medicine and have various medicinal applications; therefore, they deserve more in-depth research. The present study evaluated the chemical profile, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic properties of the twigs and leaves of C. creticus L., C. laurifolius L., and C. salviifolius L. grown in Türkiye. The methanolic extracts of the three species were rich in phenolics, mainly flavonoids. Exerted potent antioxidant activity with a methanolic extract from the leaves of C. salviifolius displayed the highest total phenolic (97.08-mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and flavonoid (49.60-mg rutin equivalent/g) contents, as well as antiradical (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay = 612.11 mg TE (trolox equivalent)/g; (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) = 804.66 mg TE/g), reducing ions (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) = 690.54 mg TE/g; ferric reducing antioxidant power = 459.34 mg TE/g), and chelating (15.58 mg EDTAE/g) properties. It also revealed the best amylase and glucosidase inhibitory activity. Extracts from the twigs of the three Cistus species, except the leaves of C. salviifolius and C. laurifolius, displayed comparable acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (2.48-2.57 mg galanthamine equivalent (GALAE)/g). The twig of C. laurifolius also exerted the best antibutyrylcholinesterase (10.50 mg GALAE/g) and antityrosinase (73.15 mg kojic acid equivalent/g) activities. C. creticus leaves revealed toxicity toward the RAW cell line (cell viability reduced to 68.8%) and were not toxic to normal cells (S17). In conclusion, these three Cistus species were shown to be a rich source of bioactive compounds with the potential for future applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the biochemical composition and biological properties of different parts (leaves, roots, and twigs) of two Cistus species (Cistus monspeliasis and Cistus parviflorus). The extracts were analysed using UHPLC-MS/MS to determine their chemical profiling. A range of antioxidant assays were performed to evaluate the extract's antioxidant capabilities. The enzyme inhibition studies focused on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-amylase, and α-glucosidase and tyrosinase. In addition, the study examined the antimicrobial effects on different bacteria and yeasts and evaluated the toxicity using the MTT assay. Quinic acid, citric acid, gallic acid, catechin, quercetin derivatives, kaempferol, myricetin, ellagic acid, prodelphinidins, procyanidins, scopoletin, and flavogallonic acid dilactone are the main bioactive compounds found in both species. In enzyme inhibition assays, C. monspeliasis roots exhibited significant activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with the values of 2.58 ± 0.02 mg GALAE/g and 11.37 ± 1.93 mg GALAE/g, respectively. Cytotoxicity studies showed mostly weak toxicity, with some samples moderately reducing viability in RAW and HepG2 cells. These findings underscore the diverse biochemical profiles and bioactive potential of Cistus species, suggesting their utility as natural sources of antioxidants and enzyme inhibitors for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Swertia species are common ingredients in numerous herbal remedies. It is also used to treat a wide range of illnesses and possess diverse therapeutic activities. The aim of the study is to elucidate the comprehensive metabolomics profile of Swertia chirayita and the role of various extraction methods in the phytochemical compositions of the extracts of S. chirayita, and their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. Extraction of the stems, leaves, and flowering tops of S. chirayita was performed by maceration, infusion, and soxhlation using methanol and water as solvent. Extracts were subjected to phytochemical profiling by a liquid‐chromatographic system. Antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity was carried out. The metabolomics profiling showed that a diverse range of specialized metabolites were present in the stems and leaves & flowering tops of the plant. All the extracts showed substantial antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities further confirmed by molecular docking studies. This study appraised the use of S. chirayita aerial parts as a potential antioxidant and its therapeutic application in various chronic illnesses including Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and other skin‐related disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]