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Objective: The study investigates the changes in body composition, dietary intake and physical activity of Polish health faculty undergraduates. Methods: 340 university students were measured at the beginning their studies. Subsequent measurements were performed at the beginning of the following academic years. In total, 82 men and 87 women were included in the analysis. The measurements included anthropometric parameters and the amount of consumed nutrients. Using Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire measured students' physical activity. Results: Across three years at university 65.1% of students showed an increase in body mass. Men displayed an increase in body weight (1.6 kg) and waist circumference (4.1 cm). Women's weight changed insignificantly. Participants' energy intake increased statistically significantly after the 1st year and decreased after the 2nd year. In men there was observed decline in energy expenditure between the 1st and 2nd year. Conclusion: Transitory unfavorable changes were observed in students' nutrition and physical activity.

Introduction: Hypophysitis is a rare condition, and as such, each case may exhibit a unique clinical course. Majority of literature identifies labor and immunotherapy as the two most common causes of hypophysitis, neither is applicable in this case. While there is currently no universal cure for hypophysitis, symptomatic management aimed at correcting dysfunctional pituitary axes can significantly improve patients' quality of life. Case Report: The 61-year-old male patient was admitted to the Endocrinology Clinic in February 2023 with complaints including fatigue, dizziness, flushing, hyperhidrosis, polyuria, nocturia, anorexia with a 5-kilogram weight loss, dry mouth, and dry skin persisting for 4 months. Laboratory results from January of that year indicated secondary hypothyroidism and secondary hypocorticoidism. Further endocrine diagnostics was inconclusive, showing an uncommon ho rmonal landscape. Conclusion: We present a case of an uncommon clinical and hormonal picture of hypophysitis in a course of pituitary stalk thickening. This case appoints the uniqueness of every case of this rare condition, underlining the role of hormonal and imaging tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of microvascular flow imaging ultrasound (MVUS) for the detection of endoleak after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair. A systematic search of the literature published until January 2024 was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses of Diagnostic Test Accuracy (PRISMA-DTA) guidelines. The pooled rates of sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio of MVUS in endoleak detection with computed tomography angiography as the reference standard were estimated using univariate random-effect analysis with 95% confidence intervals. Three studies were considered eligible for inclusion. Superb micro-vascular imaging (SMI) was used as an MVUS technique in all cases. The total number of paired scans was 209. Sensitivity and specificity of the individual studies ranged 0.75-1.00 and 0.93-1.00, respectively. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of the SMI method was 0.91 (CI: 0.82-0.96) and 0.98 (CI: 0.94-1.00), respectively. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 635 (95% CI: 128-3140). The findings of the present study support the use of the MVUS for endoleak detection. However, further research is warranted to explore the broader application of MVUS, providing a more comprehensive understanding and establishing robust criteria for its role in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In this retrospective study, the authors evaluated whether obesity-induced immunomodulation impacts the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1L) in lung cancer cells. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed. The study included 67 patients. The data did not have a normal distribution. Results: For women, using ANOVA test (p = 0.050) with post-hoc analysis, a statistically significant difference in expression was found between women with overweight and women with normal weight (p = 0.040). Conclusions: Apart from the above, the authors did not find any statistically significant correlation between PD-1L expression on lung cancer cells and body mass index, either in the whole group or in histological subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) constitutes one of the hallmarks of carcinogenesis consisting in the re-differentiation of the epithelial cells into mesenchymal ones changing the cellular phenotype into a malignant one. EMT has been shown to play a role in the malignant transformation and while occurring in the tumor microenvironment, it significantly affects the aggressiveness of gastric cancer, among others. Importantly, after EMT occurs, gastric cancer patients are more susceptible to the induction of resistance to various therapeutic agents, worsening the clinical outcome of patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to search for the newest pharmacological agents targeting EMT to prevent further progression of gastric carcinogenesis and potential metastases. Therapies targeted at EMT might be combined with other currently available treatment modalities, which seems to be an effective strategy to treat gastric cancer patients. In this review, we have summarized recent advances in gastric cancer treatment in terms of targeting EMT specifically, such as the administration of polyphenols, resveratrol, tangeretin, luteolin, genistein, proton pump inhibitors, terpenes, other plant extracts, or inorganic compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]