1,089 results on '"Cytidine Monophosphate"'
Search Results
2. Structural analysis of arabinose‐5‐phosphate isomerase from Bacteroides fragilis and functional implications
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Chiu, Hsiu Ju, Grant, Joanna C, Farr, Carol L, Jaroszewski, Lukasz, Knuth, Mark W, Miller, Mitchell D, Elsliger, Marc André, Deacon, Ashley M, Godzik, Adam, Lesley, Scott A, and Wilson, Ian A
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Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Biological Sciences ,Aldose-Ketose Isomerases ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Bacterial Proteins ,Bacteroides fragilis ,Catalytic Domain ,Crystallography ,X-Ray ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Histidine ,Models ,Molecular ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Protein Conformation ,Sequence Homology ,Amino Acid ,Sugar Acids ,Gram negative ,Kdo ,arabinose 5-phosphate ,lipopolysaccharide ,structural genomics ,sugar isomerase ,Physical Sciences ,Chemical Sciences ,Biophysics ,Biological sciences ,Chemical sciences ,Physical sciences - Abstract
The crystal structure of arabinose-5-phosphate isomerase (API) from Bacteroides fragilis (bfAPI) was determined at 1.7 Å resolution and was found to be a tetramer of a single-domain sugar isomerase (SIS) with an endogenous ligand, CMP-Kdo (cytidine 5'-monophosphate-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate), bound at the active site. API catalyzes the reversible isomerization of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-arabinose 5-phosphate in the first step of the Kdo biosynthetic pathway. Interestingly, the bound CMP-Kdo is neither the substrate nor the product of the reaction catalyzed by API, but corresponds to the end product in the Kdo biosynthetic pathway and presumably acts as a feedback inhibitor for bfAPI. The active site of each monomer is located in a surface cleft at the tetramer interface between three monomers and consists of His79 and His186 from two different adjacent monomers and a Ser/Thr-rich region, all of which are highly conserved across APIs. Structure and sequence analyses indicate that His79 and His186 may play important catalytic roles in the isomerization reaction. CMP-Kdo mimetics could therefore serve as potent and specific inhibitors of API and provide broad protection against many different bacterial infections.
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- 2014
3. Digital Analysis of the Dimensional Change Of an Irreversible Hydrocolloid Impression Material (Alginate) with Varying Storage Times
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Fatemah, Ibrahem, Thomas, Giugliano, Ryan Richard, Ruff, and Mijin, Choi
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Dental Impression Technique ,Alginates ,Dental Impression Materials ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Colloids ,General Medicine ,Models, Dental - Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to digitally measure the dimensional changes in an irreversible hydrocolloid impression material (alginate) resulting from varying storage times under optimal storage conditions. Materials and methods: A single type V dental stone control cast was used to make 25 alginate impressions using perforated stock trays. The impressions were randomly assigned into five groups of five samples each (n=5 per group) with varying storage times: Group 1, poured at 15 minutes; Group 2, poured at one hour; Group 3, poured at 24 hours (one day); Group 4, poured at 72 hours (three days); Group 5, poured at 168 hours (seven days). All impressions were stored in sealed Ziploc® plastic bags with a wet paper towel (100% relative humidity) at room temperature and stored according to the assigned group storage times. All impressions were poured in type V dental stone according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The casts were scanned with a digital 3D desktop scanner and saved as electronic stereolithography (.stl) files. Each .stl file of the scanned casts were superimposed on the .stl file of the control cast using Geomagic® Control X™ software. Three preselected fixed comparison measuring points (CMP) on each cast were compared to the control cast. Point one (CMP1) was on the midfacial surface of central incisor. Point two (CMP2) and point three (CMP3) were on the mesiobuccal proximal marginal ridge areas of third molars. The discrepancies between the files at each point were analysed with colour maps, and quantified (Table 1). The tolerance was set at ±10μm. CMP scores were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis (K-W) non-parametric H tests. Results: Average gap distances across groups ranged from 0.04mm (seven-day group) to 0.06mm (one hour and 24-hour groups). Colour maps indicated increased dimensional change with increased storage time up to one day. After three days, shrinkage up to 139μm was measured. ANOVA results for CMP1 (F[4,20] = 1.65, p = 0.020) and CMP3 (F[4,20] = 0.44, p = −0.78) were not statistically significant. Similarly, K-W results for CMP2 were not significant (χ2= 3.62, p = 0.46). Conclusions: Under optimal storage conditions, there were no significant dimensional changes in casts poured from alginate up to seven days.
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- 2022
4. Hypertensive disorders of pregnant women with heart disease
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Karishma P Ramlakhan, Isabelle Malhamé, Ariane Marelli, Tobias Rutz, Sorel Goland, Arie Franx, Karen Sliwa, Uri Elkayam, Mark R Johnson, Roger Hall, Jérôme Cornette, Jolien W Roos-Hesselink, Cardiology, and Obstetrics & Gynecology
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Heart Failure ,Heart Diseases ,Pre-Eclampsia ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Pregnancy ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Female ,Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ,Pregnant Women ,Registries ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Aims Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) occur in 10% of pregnancies in the general population, pre-eclampsia specifically in 3–5%. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy may have a high prevalence in, and be poorly tolerated by, women with heart disease. Methods and results The prevalence and outcomes of HDP (chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia) were assessed in the ESC EORP ROPAC (n = 5739), a worldwide prospective registry of pregnancies in women with heart disease. The overall prevalence of HDP was 10.3%, made up of chronic hypertension (5.9%), gestational hypertension (1.3%), and pre-eclampsia (3%), with significant differences between the types of underlying heart disease (P Conclusion Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and pre-eclampsia rates were higher in women with CMP, IHD, and PAH than in the general population. Adverse outcomes were increased in women with HDP, and maternal mortality was strikingly high in women with pre-eclampsia. The combination of HDP and heart disease should prompt close surveillance in a multidisciplinary context and the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia requires hospital admission and continued monitoring during the post-partum period.
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- 2022
5. Antibacterial Gelidium amansii polysaccharide-based edible films containing cyclic adenosine monophosphate for bioactive packaging
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Feifei, Wang, Gang, Yu, Qing, Yang, Xiao, Yi, Linglin, Fu, and Yanbo, Wang
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Chitosan ,Food Packaging ,Galactose ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Adenosine Monophosphate ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Polysaccharides ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Edible Films - Abstract
A homogeneous polysaccharide (GAP), with a molecular weight of 51.8 kDa, was isolated from edible red seaweed Gelidium amansii. Composition analysis suggested GAP contained 5.31% sulfate and 17.33% 3,6-anhydro-galactose and was mainly composed of galactose. Furthermore, GAP, as a biopolymer matrix, was used to form the composite films with the small biological molecules cytidine-5'-monophosphate (CMP), adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that CMP, AMP, and cAMP interacted with the film substrates and might made films more complex. Notably, the addition of CMP, AMP, and cAMP promoted the light, water vapor, and oxygen barrier ability, surface wettability, mechanical strength, and antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. Finally, GAP-based films composited with cAMP (cAMPF) exhibited the best characteristics were applied to fish packaging and preservation at 4 °C and extended the fish shelf life. All these data suggested the potential value of cAMPF as a functional edible polysaccharide film applied in food industries.
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- 2022
6. Methamphetamine-Associated Cardiomyopathy: Addressing the Clinical Challenges
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Fiona Thoi, Daniel J. Scherer, David M. Kaye, Prashanthan Sanders, and Michael B. Stokes
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Heart Failure ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Amphetamine-Related Disorders ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Cardiomyopathies ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Methamphetamine - Abstract
The growth in methamphetamine usage worldwide continues to present increasing societal and health care challenges. With the escalation of its usage in a variety of social demographics, the entity of methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy (MA-CMP) has emerged. This entity is increasingly responsible for an important proportion of heart failure burden in both admissions to hospital and in those individuals requiring chronic heart failure care. MA-CMP poses some unique challenges including its recognition, particularly in younger patients presenting with new-onset heart failure, its severity at presentation and complications as well as management options. The challenging nature of methamphetamine addiction and the necessity to achieve abstinence is a fundamental aspect of management of this condition. As methamphetamine use continues at high levels in Australia, the burden of MA-CMP will inevitably increase and, therefore, all clinicians responsible for heart failure management require an awareness of this disease entity and the specific clinical challenges of its care.
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- 2022
7. New Application of cyclo Saligenyl Prodrugs Approach for the Delivery of Fosfoxacin Derivatives in Mycobacteria.
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Munier M, Tritsch D, Lièvremont D, Rohmer M, and Grosdemange-Billiard C
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- Cytidine Monophosphate, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Phosphates, Prodrugs
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In this work, we implemented for the first time the cyclo Saligenyl prodrug strategy to increase the bioavailability of fosmidomycin phosphate analogs in bacteria. Here, we report the synthesis of 34 cyclo Saligenyl prodrugs of fosfoxacin and its derivatives. Among them, fifteen double prodrugs efficiently prevented the growth of the non-pathogenic, fast-growing Mycobacterium smegmatis .
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- 2023
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8. Modulation of Small GTPases by Legionella
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Goody, Roger S., Itzen, Aymelt, Compans, Richard W, Series editor, Cooper, Max D., Series editor, Gleba, Yuri Y., Series editor, Honjo, Tasuku, Series editor, Melchers, Fritz, Series editor, Oldstone, Michael B. A., Series editor, Vogt, Peter K., Series editor, Malissen, Bernard, Series editor, Aktories, Klaus, Series editor, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, Series editor, Rappuoli, Rino, Series editor, Galan, Jorge E., Series editor, and Hilbi, Hubert, editor
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- 2014
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9. Improving cardiovascular magnetic resonance access in low- and middle-income countries for cardiomyopathy assessment: rapid cardiovascular magnetic resonance
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Katia Devorha Menacho, Sara Ramirez, Aylen Perez, Laura Dragonetti, Diego Perez de Arenaza, Diana Katekaru, Violeta Illatopa, Sara Munive, Bertha Rodriguez, Ana Shimabukuro, Kelly Cupe, Rajiv Bansal, Vivek Bhargava, Ivonne Rodriguez, Andreas Seraphim, Kris Knott, Amna Abdel-Gadir, Salomon Guerrero, Marco Lazo, David Uscamaita, Marco Rivero, Neil Amaya, Sanjiv Sharma, Amelia Peix, Thomas Treibel, Charlotte Manisty, Sam Mohiddin, Harold Litt, Yuchi Han, Juliano Fernandes, Ron Jacob, Mark Westwood, Ntobeko Ntusi, Anna Herrey, John Malcolm Walker, and James Moon
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Iron Overload ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine ,Cardiomyopathies ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Developing Countries ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Abstract
Aims To evaluate the impact of a simplified, rapid cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocol embedded in care and supported by a partner education programme on the management of cardiomyopathy (CMP) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods and results Rapid CMR focused particularly on CMP was implemented in 11 centres, 7 cities, 5 countries, and 3 continents linked to training courses for local professionals. Patients were followed up for 24 months to assess impact. The rate of subsequent adoption was tracked. Five CMR conferences were delivered (920 attendees—potential referrers, radiographers, reporting cardiologists, or radiologists) and five new centres starting CMR. Six hundred and one patients were scanned. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance indications were 24% non-contrast T2* scans [myocardial iron overload (MIO)] and 72% suspected/known cardiomyopathies (including ischaemic and viability). Ninety-eighty per cent of studies were of diagnostic quality. The average scan time was 22 ± 6 min (contrast) and 12 ± 4 min (non-contrast), a potential cost/throughput reduction of between 30 and 60%. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings impacted management in 62%, including a new diagnosis in 22% and MIO detected in 30% of non-contrast scans. Nine centres continued using rapid CMR 2 years later (typically 1–2 days per week, 30 min slots). Conclusions Rapid CMR of diagnostic quality can be delivered using available technology in LMICs. When embedded in care and a training programme, costs are lower, care is improved, and services can be sustained over time.
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- 2022
10. INFLUENCE OF ANTHELMINTIC DRUGS ON ACTIVITIES OF 5'-NUCLEOTIDASE Bothriocephalus scorpii (Cestoda: Bothriocephalidae)
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E. A. BURENINA
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5'-nucleotidase ,adenosine monophosphate ,inosine monophosphate ,cytidine monophosphate ,mitochondria ,cestoda ,anthelmintic drugs ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Activities and properties of 5'-nucleotidase in the subcellular fractions of Bothriocephalus scorpii are studied with the use of adenosine monophosphate, inosine monophosphate and cytidine monophosphate as substrates. The high activity of 5'-nucleotidase was observed in the mitochondrial fraction. Dependence of the 5'-nucleotidase activity on the concentration of substrates and Mn2+ ions is investigated. Impact of various effectors and ions (sodium fluoride, EDTA, cysteine, K+, Na+ , Zn2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, Mn2+) on enzyme activity is determined. Effect of 10 anthelmintic drugs on enzyme activity has been tested. The most effective drugs are bitionol and oxinide.
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- 2016
11. Multifaceted impact of a nucleoside monophosphate kinase on 5′-end-dependent mRNA degradation in bacteria
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Monica P. Hui and Joel G. Belasco
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Cytidine monophosphate ,RNase P ,AcademicSubjects/SCI00010 ,RNA Stability ,Biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,RNA polymerase ,Endoribonucleases ,Genetics ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Escherichia coli ,RNA, Messenger ,Phosphorylation ,Amino Acid Isomerases ,Nucleoside-phosphate kinase ,Kinase ,Escherichia coli Proteins ,Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics ,Phosphotransferases ,RNA ,Cytidine ,DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases ,Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ,Acid Anhydride Hydrolases ,RNA, Bacterial ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Nucleoside-Phosphate Kinase ,Cytidylate kinase ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
A key pathway for mRNA degradation in bacterial cells begins with conversion of the initial 5′-terminal triphosphate to a monophosphate, a modification that renders transcripts more vulnerable to attack by ribonucleases whose affinity for monophosphorylated 5′ ends potentiates their catalytic efficacy. In Escherichia coli, the only proteins known to be important for controlling degradation via this pathway are the RNA pyrophosphohydrolase RppH, its heteromeric partner DapF, and the 5′-monophosphate-assisted endonucleases RNase E and RNase G. We have now identified the metabolic enzyme cytidylate kinase as another protein that affects rates of 5′-end-dependent mRNA degradation in E. coli. It does so by utilizing two distinct mechanisms to influence the 5′-terminal phosphorylation state of RNA, each dependent on the catalytic activity of cytidylate kinase and not its mere presence in cells. First, this enzyme acts in conjunction with DapF to stimulate the conversion of 5′ triphosphates to monophosphates by RppH. In addition, it suppresses the direct synthesis of monophosphorylated transcripts that begin with cytidine by reducing the cellular concentration of cytidine monophosphate, thereby disfavoring the 5′-terminal incorporation of this nucleotide by RNA polymerase during transcription initiation. Together, these findings suggest dual signaling pathways by which nucleotide metabolism can impact mRNA degradation in bacteria.
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- 2021
12. Cardiomyopathy among first- and second-generation immigrants in Sweden: a nationwide total population study
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Per Wändell, Xinjun Li, Axel C. Carlsson, Jan Sundquist, and Kristina Sundquist
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Adult ,Sweden ,Internationality ,Adolescent ,Research Design ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Female ,Cardiomyopathies ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Aged - Abstract
Purpose We aimed to analyze the risk of cardiomyopathies (CMPs) among first-generation and second-generation immigrants. Methods All individuals aged 18 years of age and older, n = 6,123,661 in the first-generation study, and n = 4,587,764 in the second-generation study were analyzed. CMP was defined as at least one registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2018. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the relative risk (hazard ratios (HR) with 99% confidence intervals (CI)) of incident CMP with adjustments made for age, cancer, other comorbidities, and sociodemographic factors. Results In the first-generation study, a total of 33,321 CMP cases were registered, 20,780 men and 12,541 women, where the fully adjusted models showed HRs (99% CI) for all foreign-born men of 0.92 (0.86–0.98) and for women of 0.90 (0.83–0.98). For dilated CMP, the risk was higher for men from Nordic countries, more specifically men from Finland, and lower for men and women from Asia. For hypertrophic CMP, the risk was higher for men from Africa and Asia. For other types of CMPs, the risk was lower in men and women from Asia. In the second-generation study, a total of 26,559 cases were registered (17,620 men and 8939 women), with no significant differences overall or among specific groups, when Swedish-born with foreign-born parents were compared to Swedish-born with Swedish-born parents. Conclusions We observed a generally lower risk of CMPs among foreign-born individuals, but with a higher risk especially for hypertrophic CMPs for men from Africa and Asia, and a higher risk of dilated CMP for men from Nordic countries.
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- 2022
13. A comparison of isokinetic muscle strength in patients with chondromalacia patella: a cross-sectional study
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I, Saral, M, Agirman, H, Basat, S, Surucu, M, Mahirogullari, and E, Cakar
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Adult ,Young Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Muscle Weakness ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Patella ,Muscle Strength ,Cartilage Diseases - Abstract
Chondromalacia patella (CMP), which is one of the most common causes of anterior knee pain in young adults, is often accompanied by reflex inhibition of the quadriceps muscle. In this respect, a significant correlation between isokinetic parameters and knee muscle strengths would be expected. We hypothesized that an isokinetic dynamometer, which objectively evaluates muscle strength, may be an important guide in detecting muscle weakness in new-onset CMP and determining early treatment strategies.A total of 113 participants (mean age 30.33 ± 6.96 years, min: 18, max: 44) were recruited and divided into two groups, thus a CMP group (n=48) and a control group (n=65). The symptom duration of the CMP group and the demographic characteristics of all participants were recorded. Knee flexion and extension muscle strengths were measured at angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s [Knee extension Peak Torque at 60°/s (PTE60), Knee flexion Peak Torque at 60°/s (PTF60), Knee extension Peak Torque at 180°/s (PTE180), Knee flexion Peak at 180°/s (PTF180) respectively] (five sets) using an isokinetic dynamometer. We also recorded the total work done in flexion and extension (TWDF and TWDE). A modified MRI staging system based on the Outerbridge arthroscopy system was used to stage CMP. Isokinetic dynamometric parameters were compared between CMP patients and healthy volunteers.59 healthy volunteers (90.8%) were right-side dominant and 6 (9.2%) left-side dominant. 33 CMP patients (68.8%) were right-side dominant, and 15 (31.3%) left-side dominant. 20 (41.7%) CMP patients were classified as Stage 1, 20 (41.7%) as Stage 2, and 8 (16.7%) as Stage 3. All the PTF60, PTE60, PTF180, and PTE180 values were significantly lower in the CMP group than in healthy controls (all p0.05). CMP symptom duration ≥ 6 months was associated with significantly lower knee muscle strength than with symptom duration6 months (p0.05). Also, a statistically negative correlation was found between MRI stages and PTE60 values (p0.05).In conclusion, our findings show that the isokinetic dynamometer reveals muscle weakness in CMP patients, and weakness in isokinetic parameters was negatively correlated with symptom duration and MRI stages. Isokinetic knee muscle strength testing, together with other functional tools, enables the assessment of muscle weakness and early rehabilitation planning for patients with CMP.
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- 2022
14. Coordination Chemistry of Phosphate Groups in Systems Including Copper(II) Ions, Phosphoethanolamine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides
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Malwina Gabryel-Skrodzka, Martyna Nowak, Anna Teubert, and Renata Jastrzab
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Ions ,Organic Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Catalysis ,Phosphates ,Computer Science Applications ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,coordination chemistry ,copper(II) ion complexes ,pyrimidine nucleotides ,phosphoethanolamine ,complexes ,Pyrimidine Nucleotides ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Copper ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
The activity of phosphate groups of phosphoethanolamine and pyrimidine nucleotides (thymidine 5-monophosphate, cytidine 5-monophosphate and uridine 5’monophosphate) in the process of complexation metal ions in aqueous solution was studied. Using the potentiometric method with computer calculation of the data and spectroscopic methods such as UV-Vis, EPR, 13C and 31P NMR as well as FT-IR, the overall stability constants of the complexes as well as coordination modes were obtained. At lower pH, copper(II) ions are complexed only by phosphate groups, whereas the endocyclic nitrogen atom of nucleotides has been identified as a negative center interacting with the -NH3+ groups of phosphoethanolamine.
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- 2022
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15. Chondromalacia patella increases the risk of herpes zoster: a population-based study
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Chia-Hung, Chen, Yung-Chi, Cheng, Hsin-Yi, Yang, Ching-Fang, Tsai, Chao-Yu, Hsu, Der-Shin, Ke, and Wen-Che, Hsieh
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Adult ,Rheumatology ,Risk Factors ,Incidence ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Female ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Patella ,Herpes Zoster ,Cartilage Diseases ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background The reactivation of herpes zoster (HZ) is associated with disease stress. However, the relationship between chondromalacia patella (CMP) and HZ remains poorly understood. This study investigated the relationship between CMP and the risk of developing HZ. Methods Data were collected from the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients with CMP diagnosed between 2000 and 2017 were assigned to the case group; patients without CMP were randomly selected from the same database and paired with controls matched by age and sex. The primary outcome was a diagnosis of HZ. All patients were followed until their diagnosis of HZ, their withdrawal from the NHI program, their death, or the end of 2017, whichever was earliest. The risk of developing HZ was compared between the case and control groups. Results In total, 22,710 patients with CMP and 90,840 matched controls were enrolled. The overall incidence rates of HZ in the CMP and control cohorts were 7.94 and 7.35 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. After potential confounders were controlled for, the case group exhibited a higher risk of HZ than did the control group [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.06, p Conclusion Patients with CMP, especially elder adults and women, exhibited a higher risk of HZ. The HZ risk of patients with CMP should thus be assessed, and the necessity of HZ vaccination should be informed.
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- 2022
16. Nurse-Supported Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Rami, Diab, Rebecca, Bomar, James, Slaven, Sebastian, Kaplan, and Dennis, Ang
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Internet ,Treatment Outcome ,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ,Musculoskeletal Pain ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Chronic Pain - Abstract
Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has increased access to effective pain management. Though efficacy of web-based and face-to-face CBT may be comparable, fewer studies have examined whether remote clinical support in addition to web-based CBT can improve pain-related outcomes.The objectives of this study were to determine if the addition of phone-based support to web-based CBT could enhance pain-related outcomes in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP).Randomized controlled clinical trial.The internal medicine and rheumatology clinics at Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist.Patients were recruited from a major academic medical center. Sixty patients were randomized to web-based CBT with 6 phone calls (nurse support group, n = 30) vs web-based CBT alone (control group, n = 30). The purpose of the calls was to enhance patients' engagement in the online program. All patients had access to the program from baseline to week 16. Outcome measures were collected at baseline, week 8, and week 16. Adjusting for baseline measurements, analysis of covariance was used to determine within- and between-group differences.Both nurse support and control groups demonstrated significant within-group improvements in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) pain interference (-1.3 [-2.0, -0.7, Plt; 0.05] and -1.7 [-2.3, -1.0, Plt; 0.05]), BPI pain intensity (-1.2 [-1.7, -0.6, Plt; 0.05] and -1.3 [-1.8, -0.8, Plt; 0.05]), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System (PROMIS) pain interference (-5.0 [-6.9, -3.2, Plt; 0.05] and -5.4 [-7.2, -3.5, Plt; 0.05]), and PROMIS pain intensity (-1.4 [-2.0, -0.9, Plt; 0.05] and -1.4 [-1.9, -0.8, Plt; 0.05]), respectively. However, there were no significant between-group differences amongst the 2 treatment groups in all measures, except PROMIS sleep disturbance that favored the nurse support group (50.5 ± 1.3 vs 54.3 ± 1.3, Plt; 0.05).Small sample size and lack of treatment fidelity assessment.Web-based CBT was effective with and without motivational support from nurses. Phone-based support did not enhance pain-related outcomes of web-based CBT. If confirmed in a larger study, web-based CBT without motivational support may be considered as a low-cost treatment intervention for patients with CMP.
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- 2022
17. Patient and Provider Attitudes, Beliefs, and Biases That Contribute to a Marginalized Process of Care and Outcomes in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review—Part I: Clinical Care
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Gabrielle M. Harris, Corey M. Huff, Alicia J. Emerson, Lauren E. Chandler, Riley H. Oxendine, G. David Baxter, and Elizabeth C. Wonsetler Jones
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vulnerable adult ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Scopus ,CINAHL ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Bias ,Musculoskeletal Pain ,Multidisciplinary approach ,Health care ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,medicine ,Humans ,Conversation ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Retrospective Studies ,media_common ,business.industry ,Chronic pain ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Attitude ,Family medicine ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Chronic Pain ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) outcomes are affected by numerous variables, including the clinical conversation. When good therapeutic/working alliances are formed, congruent clinical conversations can lead to improved CMP outcomes. Identifying patient/provider attitudes, beliefs, and biases in CMP that can influence the clinical conversation, and thus clinical management decisions, is foundationally important. Design The aims of this systematic review were to 1) summarize the evidence of the attitudes and beliefs of patients and health care providers (HCPs) involved in the clinical conversation about CMP, and 2) examine whether and how these perceptions impacted the process of care. Methods A systematic search of CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Sociology Database in ProQuest, and Web of Science used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Included studies were those investigating vulnerable adult populations with chronic pain. Study bias was examined with the Downs and Black tool. Results Seven retrospective studies were included. When making pharmaceutical management decisions, HCPs demonstrated negative implicit biases toward minorities and women. When making referrals to multidisciplinary care, HCPs demonstrated negative implicit biases toward women with lower educational attainment. Unmet patient expectations resulted in higher dropout rates at multidisciplinary pain management programs. Patients’ trust was influenced by the health care setting, and patients often had limited options secondary to health insurance type/status. Conclusion These findings suggest that patients with CMP may experience a marginalized process of care due to HCPs’ negative implicit biases, unmet patient expectations, and the health care setting. Results suggest several factors may contribute to inequitable care and the recalcitrant nature of CMP, particularly in vulnerable populations with limited health care choices.
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- 2021
18. Research on the Impact of Digital Literacy on Farmer Households' Green Cooking Energy Consumption: Evidence from Rural China
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Lei Zhao, Yongqi Zhang, and Haixia Zhang
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China ,Farmers ,Literacy ,digital literacy ,green cooking energy ,non-agricultural employment ,information acquisition ,CMP model ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Cooking - Abstract
In the era of the digital economy, farmers’ digital literacy has a profound impact on household green cooking energy consumption. Based on data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018, this paper constructs a digital literacy index using an entropy method and employs the Probit model regression and mediation effect model test to study the impact effect and theoretical mechanism of individual digital literacy on household green cooking energy consumption. The research results show that the improvement of digital literacy can effectively promote the consumption of green cooking energy in households. After using the IV-Probit model and CMP model to solve the endogeneity, this conclusion remains valid; The heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital literacy on green cooking energy consumption of households in different regions and different income stages is different. This performance is specific to the eastern and western regions and low-income households. The improvement in digital literacy can significantly promote green cooking energy consumption in rural households; however, in the central region and high-income households the improvements were insignificant. Mechanism analysis shows that digital literacy has a significant positive impact on household green cooking energy consumption through non-agricultural employment and information acquisition. Based on this, it is suggested that the construction of a digital countryside should not only consider the construction of digital infrastructure, but also reasonably guide the cultivation of the internal digital literacy of the construction subject. Moreover, the cultivation of digital literacy should not only focus on regional differences, but also focus on key subjects and implement precise cultivation. We should give full play to the synergistic effect of digital literacy, and pay attention to the non-agricultural employment of farmers and information elements.
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- 2022
19. Recurrence Plot-based Classification of Ischemic and Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients
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Javier Rodriguez, Steffen Schulz, Andreas Voss, and Beatriz F. Giraldo
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Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ,Electrocardiography ,Ischemia ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Cardiomyopathies ,Aged - Abstract
A large portion of the elderly population are affected by cardiovascular diseases. The early prognosis of cardiomyopathies is still a challenge. The aim of this study was to classify cardiomyopathy patients by their etiology in function of significant indexes extracted from the characterization of the recurrence plot of the systems involved. Thirty-nine cardiomyopathy patients (CMP) classified as ischemic (ICM - 24 patients) and dilated (DCM-15 patients) were considered. In addition, thirty-nine control subjects (CON) were used as reference. The beat-to-beat (BBI) time series, from the electrocardiographic signal, the systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) time series, from the blood pressure signal, and the respiratory time (FLW) from the respiratory flow signal, were extracted. The recurrence plot from each signal considered were calculated and characterized by a total of 12 indexes. The best classifiers were used to build support vector machine models. The optimal model to classify ICM versus DCM patients achieved 92.3% accuracy, 95.8% sensitivity, and 86.6% specificity. When comparing CMP patients and CON subjects, the best model achieved 85.8% accuracy, 92.3% sensitivity, and 80.1% specificity. Our results suggest a more deterministic behavior in DCM patients. Clinical Relevance - This study explores the recurrence plot for the classification of ICM and DCM patients.
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- 2022
20. Enhanced Photocatalytic Efficiency in Visible-Light-Induced NADH Regeneration by Intramolecular Electron Transfer
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Xiewen Wu, Song Wang, Jing Fang, Hui Chen, Hongbo Liu, and Run Li
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Light ,Polymers ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Regeneration ,General Materials Science ,Electrons ,NAD - Abstract
Inspired by natural photosynthesis, photocatalytic NADH regeneration has drawn increasing interest in the recent decade as it provides a perfect approach for NAD
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- 2022
21. Chronic musculoskeletal pain and occupational aspects among Brazilian teachers
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Alberto Durán González, Arthur Eumann Mesas, Mayara Cristina da Silva Santos, Selma Maffei de Andrade, and Flávia Lopes Gabani
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Musculoskeletal pain ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Occupational safety and health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Musculoskeletal Pain ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,050107 human factors ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Chronic pain ,medicine.disease ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Occupational Diseases ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Physical therapy ,Chronic Pain ,business ,Safety Research ,Brazil - Abstract
Objectives. This study aimed to determine the association between working conditions and chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) in regions of the body in teachers. Methods. A cross-sectional study was ...
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- 2021
22. Fluorine-functionalized conjugated microporous polymer as adsorbents for solid-phase extraction of nine perfluorinated alkyl substances
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Song-Yue Yang, Lei Li, Zhong-Feng Yang, Xiaohan Guo, Xia Wang, Lei-Lei Wang, Bo Guo, Jin-Ming Lin, and Ru-Song Zhao
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History ,Fluorocarbons ,Polymers and Plastics ,Polymers ,Organic Chemistry ,Solid Phase Extraction ,Reproducibility of Results ,Water ,General Medicine ,Fluorine ,Biochemistry ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Analytical Chemistry ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Business and International Management ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent, toxic, ubiquitously distributed, and bioaccumulated substances, which have attracted increasing concern. To investigate the environmental effects of PFASs, there is a need to develop a sensitive, rapid, and efficient method for detecting trace level PFASs. In this study, a conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) with loading of fluorine, fabricated by Sonogashira-Hagihara cross-coupling, was exploited as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent. The prepared fluorine-functionalized CMP (FCMP), which showed a large surface area of 1089 m
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- 2022
23. Prognostic Prediction of Genotype vs Phenotype in Genetic Cardiomyopathies
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Alessia Paldino, Matteo Dal Ferro, Davide Stolfo, Ilaria Gandin, Kristen Medo, Sharon Graw, Marta Gigli, Giulia Gagno, Denise Zaffalon, Matteo Castrichini, Marco Masè, Antonio Cannatà, Francesca Brun, Garrett Storm, Giovanni Maria Severini, Stefania Lenarduzzi, Giorgia Girotto, Paolo Gasparini, Francesca Bortolotti, Mauro Giacca, Serena Zacchigna, Marco Merlo, Matthew R.G. Taylor, Luisa Mestroni, Gianfranco Sinagra, Paldino, Alessia, Dal Ferro, Matteo, Stolfo, Davide, Gandin, Ilaria, Medo, Kristen, Graw, Sharon, Gigli, Marta, Gagno, Giulia, Zaffalon, Denise, Castrichini, Matteo, Masè, Marco, Cannatà, Antonio, Brun, Francesca, Storm, Garrett, Severini, Giovanni Maria, Lenarduzzi, Stefania, Girotto, Giorgia, Gasparini, Paolo, Bortolotti, Francesca, Giacca, Mauro, Zacchigna, Serena, Merlo, Marco, Taylor, Matthew R G, Mestroni, Luisa, and Sinagra, Gianfranco
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Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ,DCM ,Genotype ,phenotype ,genotype ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants ,Prognosis ,pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant ,ALVC ,Phenotype ,Death, Sudden, Cardiac ,ARVC ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Cardiomyopathies - Abstract
Background: Diverse genetic backgrounds often lead to phenotypic heterogeneity in cardiomyopathies (CMPs). Previous genotype-phenotype studies have primarily focused on the analysis of a single phenotype, and the diagnostic and prognostic features of the CMP genotype across different phenotypic expressions remain poorly understood. Objectives: We sought to define differences in outcome prediction when stratifying patients based on phenotype at presentation compared with genotype in a large cohort of patients with CMPs and positive genetic testing. Methods: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, left-dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, and biventricular arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy were examined in this study. A total of 281 patients (80% DCM) with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were included. The primary and secondary outcomes were: 1) all-cause mortality (D)/heart transplant (HT); 2) sudden cardiac death/major ventricular arrhythmias (SCD/MVA); and 3) heart failure-related death (DHF)/HT/left ventricular assist device implantation (LVAD). Results: Survival analysis revealed that SCD/MVA events occurred more frequently in patients without a DCM phenotype and in carriers of DSP, PKP2, LMNA, and FLNC variants. However, after adjustment for age and sex, genotype-based classification, but not phenotype-based classification, was predictive of SCD/MVA. LMNA showed the worst trends in terms of D/HT and DHF/HT/LVAD. Conclusions: Genotypes were associated with significant phenotypic heterogeneity in genetic cardiomyopathies. Nevertheless, in our study, genotypic-based classification showed higher precision in predicting the outcome of patients with CMP than phenotype-based classification. These findings add to our current understanding of inherited CMPs and contribute to the risk stratification of patients with positive genetic testing.
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- 2022
24. Tumor Microenvironments-Adaptive Apoptotic Effects of Cytidine 5'-monophosphate-Capped Gold Nanoclusters
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Chun-Xia Zhang, Hong-Wei Li, Renwen Zhang, Zhongyuan Ren, and Yuqing Wu
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Biomaterials ,Peroxidases ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Biomedical Engineering ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Tumor Microenvironment ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Apoptosis ,General Chemistry ,Gold ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
In the present work, cytidine 5'-monophosphate capped gold nanoclusters (AuNCs@CMP) are reported as a catalyst for redox reactions, which show both oxidase- and excellent peroxidase-like activity. When employing 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as a substrate in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H
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- 2022
25. One-Pot Synthesis of Cellulose/MXene/PVA Foam for Efficient Methylene Blue Removal
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Weisong Zhao, Hong Chi, Shiyun Zhang, Xue Zhang, and Tianduo Li
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Organic Chemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Analytical Chemistry ,Water Purification ,Methylene Blue ,Kinetics ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Drug Discovery ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Molecular Medicine ,foam ,Ti3C2Tx MXene ,polyvinyl alcohol ,cellulose nanocrystals ,methylene blue ,adsorption ,Adsorption ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Cellulose ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Ti3C2Tx MXene has attracted considerable interest as a new emerging two-dimensional material for environmental remediation due to its high adsorption capacity. However, its use is greatly limited by its poor mechanical properties, low processability and recyclability, and the low dispersity of such powder materials. In this work, a porous adsorbent (C–CMP) containing cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), Ti3C2Tx MXene and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was prepared by a simple and environmentally-friendly foaming method. Glutaraldehyde was used as crosslinker to improve the mechanical properties and boost the adsorption efficiency of methylene blue (MB) molecules. Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR), elemental analysis (EDX) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) further confirmed that the preparation of the C–CMP foam and cross-linking reaction were successful. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that the macropores were distributed homogeneously. The adsorption experiment showed that maximum adsorption capacity of MB can reach 239.92 mg·g−1 which was much higher than anionic dye (methyl orange, 45.25 mg·g−1). The adsorption behavior fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Based on FT–IR, EDX and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, the adsorption mechanism between C–CMP and MB molecules was attributed to electrostatic interaction.
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- 2022
26. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning was Associated With Lifetime Suicidal Ideation: Evidence From A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Hebei Province, China
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Long, Sun, Keqing, Li, Yunshu, Zhang, and Lili, Zhang
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Male ,Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ,China ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Health (social science) ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Humans ,Female ,Suicide, Attempted ,Suicidal Ideation - Abstract
Objectives: We want to test the association between carbon monoxide poisoning (CMP) experiencing and lifetime suicidal ideation/suicide plan among community residents.Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted among community residents in Hebei province, China. We analyzed a total of 21,376 valid questionnaires. CMP experience and lifetime suicidal ideation/suicide plan were assessed in this study. Logistic regression and false discovery rate correction were conducted to analyze the associations and correct the p values.Results: We found that CMP (OR = 2.56, p < 0.001, corrected-p = 0.001) was associated with lifetime suicidal ideation, and the other risk factors were female (OR = 0.53, p < 0.001, corrected-p = 0.001). The association between CMP and suicide plan was not supported after false discovery rate correction (OR = 2.15, p = 0.035, corrected-p = 0.385). For the CMP patients, experiencing ≥2 times CMP (OR = 2.76, p = 0.001, corrected-p = 0.011) was also in higher risk of lifetime suicidal ideation. The association between CMP times and lifetime suicidal plan was not supported after false discovery rate correction (OR = 4.95, p = 0.021, corrected-p = 0.231).Conclusion: CMP patients are in higher risk of lifetime suicidal ideation. For CMP patients, some strategies are needed to control their suicidal ideation.
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- 2022
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27. Immune disguise: the mechanisms of Neu5Gc inducing autoimmune and transplant rejection
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Fadian Ding, Yunfeng Lin, Guozhong Liu, Yuxin Liu, Feng Gao, Qicai Liu, Zhibo Zhang, and Shangeng Weng
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Graft Rejection ,Immunology ,Genetics ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Neuraminic Acids ,Genetics (clinical) ,N-Acetylneuraminic Acid - Abstract
Organ (stem cell) transplantation is the most effective treatment for advanced organ failure. Neu5Gc (N-hydroxyacetylneuraminic acid) is a pathogenic non-human sialic acid, which is very similar to the molecular structure of Neu5Ac (N-acetylneuraminic acid) in human body. Neu5Gc has the function of "immune disguise", which is the main obstacle to transplantation. Gene knockout such as cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminidase (CMAH) reduces donor antigenicity, making xenotransplantation from fiction to reality. Exploring the immune disguise event in this emerging field has become a hot topic in the research of transplantation immune tolerance mechanism.
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- 2022
28. Modeling road accident fatalities with underdispersion and zero-inflated counts
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Teerawat Simmachan, Noppachai Wongsai, Sangdao Wongsai, and Rattana Lerdsuwansri
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Safety Management ,Multidisciplinary ,Accidents, Traffic ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Poisson Distribution ,Weather - Abstract
In 2013, Thailand was ranked second in the world in road accident fatalities (RAFs), with 36.2 per 100,000 people. During the Songkran festival, which takes place during the traditional Thai New Year in April, the number of road traffic accidents (RTAs) and RAFs are markedly higher than on regular days, but few studies have investigated this issue as an effect of festivity. This study investigated the factors that contribute to RAFs using various count regression models. Data on 20,229 accidents in 2015 were collected from the Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation in Thailand. The Poisson and Conway–Maxwell–Poisson (CMP) distributions, and their zero-Inflated (ZI) versions were applied to fit the data. The results showed that RAFs in Thailand follow a count distribution with underdispersion and excessive zeros, which is rare. The ZICMP model marginally outperformed the CMP model, suggesting that having many zeros does not necessarily mean that the ZI model is required. The model choice depends on the question of interest, and a separate set of predictors highlights the distinct aspects of the data. Using ZICMP, road, weather, and environmental factors affected the differences in RAFs among all accidents, whereas month distinguished actual non-fatal accidents and crashes with or without deaths. As expected, actual non-fatal accidents were 2.37 times higher in April than in January. Using CMP, these variables were significant predictors of zeros and frequent deaths in each accident. The RAF average was surprisingly higher in other months than in January, except for April, which was unexpectedly lower. Thai authorities have invested considerable effort and resources to improve road safety during festival weeks to no avail. However, our study results indicate that people’s risk perceptions and public awareness of RAFs are misleading. Therefore, nationwide road safety should instead be advocated by the authorities to raise society’s awareness of everyday personal safety and the safety of others.
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- 2022
29. The retaining β-Kdo glycosyltransferase WbbB uses a double-displacement mechanism with an intermediate adduct rearrangement step
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Taylor J B, Forrester, Olga G, Ovchinnikova, Zhixiong, Li, Elena N, Kitova, Jeremy T, Nothof, Akihiko, Koizumi, John S, Klassen, Todd L, Lowary, Chris, Whitfield, and Matthew S, Kimber
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Lipopolysaccharides ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Glycosyltransferases ,O Antigens ,Disaccharides - Abstract
WbbB, a lipopolysaccharide O-antigen synthesis enzyme from Raoultella terrigena, contains an N-terminal glycosyltransferase domain with a highly modified architecture that adds a terminal β-Kdo (3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid) residue to the O-antigen saccharide, with retention of stereochemistry. We show, using mass spectrometry, that WbbB forms a covalent adduct between the catalytic nucleophile, Asp232, and Kdo. We also determine X-ray structures for the CMP-β-Kdo donor complex, for Kdo-adducts with D232N and D232C WbbB variants, for a synthetic disaccharide acceptor complex, and for a ternary complex with both a Kdo-adduct and the acceptor. Together, these structures show that the enzyme-linked Asp232-Kdo adduct rotates to reposition the Kdo into a second sub-site, which then transfers Kdo to the acceptor. Retaining glycosyltransferases were thought to use only the front-side S
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- 2022
30. Circadian Variation of Blood Pressure in Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Santiago Navarro-Ledesma, Ana Gonzalez-Muñoz, Maria Carmen García Ríos, Daniel de la Serna, and Leo Pruimboom
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Male ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,pain ,chronic pain ,chronobiologic indicators ,circadian rhythm disorders ,blood pressure ,musculoskeletal disorders ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Pain ,Blood Pressure ,Chronic pain ,Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ,Chronobiologic indicators ,Musculoskeletal disorders ,Circadian Rhythm ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Musculoskeletal Pain ,Hypertension ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Circadian rhythm disorders ,Blood pressure ,Humans ,Female ,Chronic Pain - Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of circadian variation of blood pressure (BP) in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CPM). A further purpose was to study differences in circadian variation of BP between genders and the correlation between BP circadian variation and pain. We performed a cross-sectional, observational study in which seventy-five participants with CMP participated. Circadian variation in BP was calculated using the diurnal/nocturnal BP ratio, and all participants used validated self-measurement BP devices. The Numeric Pain Rating Scale was used to assess pain perception. All circadian BP values from participants who suffered from CPM followed pathologic cardiovascular parameters (BP ratio < 10%). When comparing BP ratios between genders, statistically significant differences were found (p = 0.011). BP itself did not correlate with pain in any subgroup. Circadian variations of BP in those suffering from CMP are shown and new possibilities of research and treatment are proposed., University Chair in Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology (University of Granada), University Chair in Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI Europe)
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- 2022
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31. Linkage of National Congenital Heart Disease Audit data to hospital, critical care and mortality national data sets to enable research focused on quality improvement
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Ferran Espuny Pujol, Christina Pagel, Katherine L Brown, James C Doidge, Richard G Feltbower, Rodney C Franklin, Arturo Gonzalez-Izquierdo, Doug W Gould, Lee J Norman, John Stickley, Julie A Taylor, and Sonya Crowe
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Adult ,Heart Defects, Congenital ,Critical Care ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Medical Record Linkage ,Child ,Quality Improvement ,Hospitals ,State Medicine - Abstract
ObjectivesTo link five national data sets (three registries, two administrative) and create longitudinal healthcare trajectories for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), describing the quality and the summary statistics of the linked data set.DesignBespoke linkage of record-level patient identifiers across five national data sets. Generation of spells of care defined as periods of time-overlapping events across the data sets.SettingNational Congenital Heart Disease Audit (NCHDA) procedures in public (National Health Service; NHS) hospitals in England and Wales, paediatric and adult intensive care data sets (Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network; PICANet and the Case Mix Programme from the Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre; ICNARC-CMP), administrative hospital episodes (hospital episode statistics; HES inpatient, outpatient, accident and emergency; A&E) and mortality registry data.ParticipantsPatients with any CHD procedure recorded in NCHDA between April 2000 and March 2017 from public hospitals.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary: number of linked records, number of unique patients and number of generated spells of care. Secondary: quality and completeness of linkage.ResultsThere were 143 862 records in NCHDA relating to 96 041 unique patients. We identified 65 797 linked PICANet patient admissions, 4664 linked ICNARC-CMP admissions and over 6 million linked HES episodes of care (1.1M inpatient, 4.7M outpatient). The linked data set had 4 908 153 spells of care after quality checks, with a median (IQR) of 3.4 (1.8–6.3) spells per patient-year. Where linkage was feasible (in terms of year and centre), 95.6% surgical procedure records were linked to a corresponding HES record, 93.9% paediatric (cardiac) surgery procedure records to a corresponding PICANet admission and 76.8% adult surgery procedure records to a corresponding ICNARC-CMP record.ConclusionsWe successfully linked four national data sets to the core data set of all CHD procedures performed between 2000 and 2017. This will enable a much richer analysis of longitudinal patient journeys and outcomes. We hope that our detailed description of the linkage process will be useful to others looking to link national data sets to address important research priorities.
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- 2022
32. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in patients with methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy
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Michael B. Stokes, Fiona Thoi, Daniel J. Scherer, Kyi T. H. Win, David M. Kaye, Karen S. Teo, and Prashanthan Sanders
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Male ,Adult ,Heart Failure ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Heart Ventricles ,Contrast Media ,Gadolinium ,Ventricular Septum ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Methamphetamine ,Cohort Studies ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Cardiomyopathies ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background Methamphetamine-associated cardiomyopathy (MA-CMP) is an increasingly recognised aetiology of cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a specialised cardiac imaging modality commonly used in assessment of cardiomyopathy. We aimed to identify specific CMR features associated with MA-CMP. Methods A retrospective cohort study of CMR scans was performed in a single centre between January 2015 and December 2020. Thirty patients with MA-CMP who had undergone CMR were identified. MA-CMP was defined as those with a history of significant methamphetamine use hospitalised with acute decompensated heart failure (other causes of cardiomyopathy excluded). A retrospective analysis of index admission CMRs was performed. All studies were performed on a 1.5 T CMR scanner. Results The mean age of MA-CMP patients was 43.7 ± 7.5 years, and 86.7% were male. The mean left ventricular (LV) volume obtained in this cohort was consistent with severe LV dilatation (LV end-diastolic volume (334 ± 99 ml); LV end-systolic volume: 269 ± 98 ml), whilst the right ventricular (RV) volume indicated moderate-to-severe dilatation (RV end-diastolic volume: 272 ± 91 ml; RV end-systolic volume: 173 ± 82 ml). Mean LV ejection fraction (20.9 ± 9.2%) indicated severe LV dysfunction, with moderate-to-severe RV dysfunction also detected (RV ejection fraction: 29.4 ± 13.4%). 22 patients (73.3%) had myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), of which 59.1% were located in the mid-wall, with all of these involving the interventricular septum. 22.7% displayed localised regions of sub-endocardial LGE in a variety of locations, and 18.2% had transmural regions of LGE that were located in the inferior and inferolateral segments. 6 patients (20%) had intracardiac thrombus (4 LV, 2 both LV and RV). Conclusion MA-CMP was associated with severe biventricular dilatation and dysfunction, with a high prevalence of intraventricular thrombus. This cohort study highlights that MA-CMP patients have a high prevalence of CMR findings.
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- 2022
33. A novel C-domain-dependent inhibition of the rainbow trout CMP-sialic acid synthetase activity by CMP-deaminoneuraminic acid
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Di Wu, Pierre-André Gilormini, Sakura Toda, Christophe Biot, Cédric Lion, Yann Guérardel, Chihiro Sato, Ken Kitajima, Nagoya University, Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille, CNRS, Simon Fraser University [SFU.ca], and Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF) - UMR 8576
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CMP-Sialic acid synthetase ,N-Acylneuraminate Cytidylyltransferase ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Biophysics ,Cell Biology ,Biochemistry ,Sialic acid ,N-Acetylneuraminic Acid ,Mice ,Deaminoneuraminic acid ,Rainbow trout ,CMAS ,Oncorhynchus mykiss ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Sialic Acids ,Animals ,Neuraminic Acids ,CSS ,N-acetylneuraminic acid ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
International audience; The CMP-sialic acid synthetase (CSS) activates free sialic acid (Sia) to CMP-Sia using CTP, and is prerequisite for the sialylation of cell surface glycoconjugates. The vertebrate CSS consists of two domains, a catalytic N-domain and a non-catalytic C-domain. Although the C-domain is not required for the CSS enzyme to synthesize CMP-Sia, its involvement in the catalytic activity remains unknown. First, the real-time monitoring of CSS-catalyzed reaction was performed by P NMR using the rainbow trout CSS (rtCSS). While a rtCSS lacking the C-domain (rtCSS-N) similarly activated both deaminoneuraminic acid (Kdn) and N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), the full-length rtCSS (rtCSS-FL) did not activate Kdn as efficiently as Neu5Ac. These results suggest that the C-domain of rtCSS affects the enzymatic activity, when Kdn was used as a substrate. Second, the enzymatic activity of rtCSS-FL and rtCSS-N was measured under various concentrations of CMP-Kdn. Inhibition by CMP-Kdn was observed only for rtCSS-FL, but not for rtCSS-N, suggesting that the inhibition was C-domain-dependent. Third, the inhibitory effect of CMP-Kdn was also investigated using the mouse CSS (mCSS). However, no inhibition was observed with mCSS even at high concentrations of CMP-Kdn. Taken together, the data demonstrated that the C-domain is involved in the CMP-Kdn-dependent inhibition of rtCSS, which is a novel regulation of the Sia metabolism in rainbow trout.
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- 2022
34. The cytological and electrophysiological effects of silver nanoparticles on neuron-like PC12 cells
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Zequn Zhang, Chen Meng, Kun Hou, Zhigong Wang, Yan Huang, and Xiaoying Lü
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Neurons ,Multidisciplinary ,Silver ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Cell Survival ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Animals ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Calcium ,Apoptosis ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,PC12 Cells ,Rats - Abstract
Background Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are widely used in a large number of products. SNPs can cross the blood-brain barrier and are subsequently deposited continuously in the brain, causing a variety of pathological responses and diseases. As a result, the toxic effects of SNPs on the nervous system have attracted considerable attention, but the mechanism of toxicity remains unclear. Moreover, neurons have different cytological and electrophysiological properties, and their functions are highly dependent on changes in electrophysiological properties. Results Different concentrations of SNPs (20 nm) were prepared, and the effects of different application durations on the cell viability and electrical excitability of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) quasi-neuronal networks were investigated. The effects of 200 µM SNPs on the neurite length, cell membrane potential (CMP) difference, intracellular Ca2+ content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) difference, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of networks were investigated. The results showed that 200 µM SNPs produced grade 1 cytotoxicity at 48 h of interaction, and the other concentrations of SNPs were noncytotoxic. Noncytotoxic 5 µM SNPs significantly increased the electrical excitability of PC12 quasi-neuronal networks, and noncytotoxic 100 µM SNPs led to an initial increase followed by a significant decrease in electrical excitability. While cytotoxic 200 µM SNPs significantly decreased the electrical excitability. 200 µM SNPs led to decreases in neurite length, MMP difference and ATP content and increases in CMP difference, and intracellular Ca2+ and ROS levels with increasing interaction time. Conclusions The results above revealed that using only cell viability to evaluate nanoparticles-induced neurotoxicity is partial. Therefore, not only cell viability but also electrophysiological properties should be considered when evaluating nanoparticles-induced neurotoxicity. The SNPs-induced cytotoxicity mainly originated from its effects on ATP content, cytoskeletal structure and ROS content. The SNPs-induced decrease in electrical excitability could be explained by a decrease in ATP content which could lead to cellular energy deficiency that opened KATP channels on the cell membrane, resulting in an increase in the CMP difference and hyperpolarization. ATP content may thus be an important indicator of both cell viability and electrical excitability of PC12 quasi-neuronal networks.
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- 2022
35. Transit-Time Flow Measurement of Saphenous Vein Graft Used for Surgery of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection with Coronary Malperfusion
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MINAMIDATE, Naoshi, TAKASHIMA, Noriyuki, KINOSHITA, Takeshi, and SUZUKI, Tomoaki
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,acute type A aortic dissection ,coronary artery bypass grafting ,Gastroenterology ,General Medicine ,Coronary Artery Disease ,malperfusion syndrome ,Aortic Dissection ,Treatment Outcome ,Coronary Circulation ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Surgery ,Saphenous Vein ,transit-time flow measurement ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Blood Flow Velocity ,Vascular Patency - Abstract
Purpose:Transit-time flow measurement (TTFM), consisting of pulsatility index (PI), mean graft flow, and diastolic filling, is mainly used as a bypass assessment for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, little was known about TTFM in the case of coronary malperfusion (CMP). This study aimed to clarify the difference in the results of TTFM between two different diseases., Methods:Between 2010 and 2020, 138 patients underwent aortic surgery and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with vein grafts. Patients were divided into two groups: CMP (n = 26) and CAD (n = 27). Their results were compared. The primary endpoints were the results of TTFM. Secondary endpoints were the relation between TTFM and mortality, morbidity, and short-term patency in each group., Results:The PI in the CMP group was significantly higher than the other group (4.7 ± 2.9 vs. 3.4 ± 1.9, p = 0.04). There was no statistical significance in the other two elements. In both groups, the short-term graft patency, mortality, and morbidity but for cardiac tamponade did not significantly change depending on the TTFM results., Conclusions:Patients with CMP tended to have a higher PI than those with CAD. With additional CABG for aortic dissection, insufficient TTFM results did not necessarily mean poor short-term graft patency, complications, or case mortality.
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- 2022
36. Expanding current applications and permitting the analysis of larger intact samples by means of a 7 mm CMP–NMR probe
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Thomas Frei, Henry J. Stronks, Michael Fey, Monica Bastawrous, Martine Monette, Wolfgang Bermel, Rajshree Ghosh Biswas, Myrna J. Simpson, Ivan Kovacevic, Stephan Graf, Sebastian Wegner, Peter De Castro, Jochem Struppe, Rainer Kuemmerle, Paris Ning, Daniel Schmidig, Amy Jenne, André J. Simpson, Daniel Lane, Falko Busse, Till Kuehn, and Ronald Soong
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Materials science ,Sample (material) ,Analytical chemistry ,010501 environmental sciences ,010402 general chemistry ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Volume (thermodynamics) ,Solubilization ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Electrochemistry ,Environmental Chemistry ,Sample preparation ,Biomass ,POMEGRANATE SEED ,Spectroscopy ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Comprehensive multiphase NMR combines the ability to study and differentiate all phases (solids, gels, and liquids) using a single NMR probe. The general goal of CMP-NMR is to study intact environmental and biological samples to better understand conformation, organization, association, and transfer between and across phases/interfaces that may be lost with conventional sample preparation such as drying or solubilization. To date, all CMP-NMR studies have used 4 mm probes and rotors. Here, a larger 7 mm probehead is introduced which provides ∼3 times the volume and ∼2.4 times the signal over a 4 mm version. This offers two main advantages: (1) the additional biomass reduces experiment time, making 13C detection at natural abundance more feasible; (2) it allows the analysis of larger samples that cannot fit within a 4 mm rotor. Chicken heart tissue and Hyalella azteca (freshwater shrimp) are used to demonstrate that phase-based spectral editing works with 7 mm rotors and that the additional biomass from the larger volumes allows detection with 13C at natural abundance. Additionally, a whole pomegranate seed berry (aril) and an intact softgel capsule of hydroxyzine hydrochloride are used to demonstrate the analysis of samples too large to fit inside a conventional 4 mm CMP probe. The 7 mm version introduced here extends the range of applications and sample types that can be studied and is recommended when 4 mm CMP probes cannot provide adequate signal-to-noise (S/N), or intact samples are simply too big for 4 mm rotors.
- Published
- 2021
37. Mass spectral profiling of caseinomacropeptide extracted from feeding material and jejunal fluid using three methods–ethanol precipitation, perchloric acid precipitation, and ultrafiltration
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Jeewon Koh, Bum Jin Kim, Yunyao Qu, and David C. Dallas
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Jejunum ,Perchlorates ,Ethanol ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Animals ,Caseins ,Humans ,Ultrafiltration ,Cattle ,General Medicine ,Peptide Fragments ,Food Science ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
The ability of bovine κ-casein-derived caseinomacropeptide (CMP) to exert bioactivity in the human gut depends on its digestive survival. Sampling from the human jejunum after feeding CMP and top-down glycopeptidomics analysis facilitates the determination of CMP survival. To reduce interference from non-target molecules in mass spectrometric analysis, CMP must be isolated from digestive fluid. To identify an optimal extraction method, this study compared the profiles of CMP extracted from feeding material (commercial CMP in water) and digestive fluid by ethanol precipitation, perchloric acid (PCA) precipitation, and ultrafiltration. Ethanol precipitation yielded the highest ion abundances for aglycosylated CMP and glycosylated CMP in both feeding material and jejunal samples. Notably, PCA precipitation yielded the highest abundance of partially digested CMP-derived fragments in jejunal samples. Overall, ethanol precipitation was the most effective among the methods tested for intact CMP extraction from jejunal fluids, whereas PCA precipitation was optimal for extraction of CMP fragments.
- Published
- 2023
38. Covalent Microporous Polymer Nanosheets for Efficient Photocatalytic CO
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Qianjun, Zhi, Jun, Zhou, Wenbo, Liu, Lei, Gong, Wenping, Liu, Heyuan, Liu, Kang, Wang, and Jianzhuang, Jiang
- Subjects
Light ,Polymers ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Carbon Dioxide ,Catalysis - Abstract
It is still a challenging target to achieve photocatalytic CO
- Published
- 2022
39. Early diagnosis of cardiomyopathies by cardiac magnetic resonance. Overview of the main criteria
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Fabiola B. Sozzi, Laura Iacuzio, Marta Belmonte, Marco Schiavone, Francesca Bursi, Elisa Gherbesi, Frank Levy, Ciro Canetta, and Stefano Carugo
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Early Diagnosis ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Reproducibility of Results ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Cardiomyopathies ,Prognosis ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Fibrosis - Abstract
Cardiomyopathies (CMPs) are diseases of the heart muscle. They include a variety of myocardial disorders that manifest with various structural and functional phenotypes and are frequently genetic. Myocardial disease caused by known cardiovascular causes (such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, or valvular disease) should be distinguished from CMPs for classification and management purposes. Identification of various CMP phenotypes relies primarily upon echocardiographic evaluation. In selected cases, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) or computed tomography may be useful to identify and localize fatty infiltration, inflammation, scar/fibrosis, focal hypertrophy, and better visualize the left ventricular apex and right ventricle. CMR imaging has emerged as a comprehensive tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with CMPs. The accuracy and reproducibility in evaluating cardiac structures, the unique ability of non-invasive tissue characterization and the lack of ionizing radiation, make CMR very attractive as a potential “all-in-one technique”. Indeed, it provides valuable data to confirm or establish the diagnosis, screen subclinical cases, identify aetiology, establish the prognosis. Additionally, it provides information for setting a risk stratification (based on evaluation of proved independent prognostic factors as ejection fraction, end-systolic-volume, myocardial fibrosis) and follow-up. Last, it helps to monitor the response to the therapy. In this review, the pivotal role of CMR in the comprehensive evaluation of patients with CMP is discussed, highlighting the key features guiding differential diagnosis and the assessment of prognosis.
- Published
- 2022
40. Genome-wide association study for selected cheese-making properties in Dual-Purpose Belgian Blue cows
- Author
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H. Atashi, C. Bastin, H. Wilmot, S. Vanderick, X. Hubin, and N. Gengler
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Caseins ,Bayes Theorem ,Milk ,Phenotype ,Belgium ,Pregnancy ,Cheese ,Genetics ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Animals ,Lactation ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Cattle ,Female ,Calcium ,Food Science ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and identify genomic region(s) associated with selected cheese-making properties (CMP) in Dual-Purpose Belgian Blue (DPBB) cows. Edited data were 46,301 test-day records of milk yield, fat percentage, protein percentage, casein percentage, milk calcium content (CC), coagulation time (CT), curd firmness after 30 min from rennet addition (a30), and milk titratable acidity (MTA) collected from 2014 to 2020 on 4,077 first-parity (26,027 test-day records), and 3,258 second-parity DPBB cows (20,274 test-day records) distributed in 124 herds in the Walloon Region of Belgium. Data of 28,266 SNP, located on 29 Bos taurus autosomes (BTA) of 1,699 animals were used. Random regression test-day models were used to estimate genetic parameters through the Bayesian Gibbs sampling method. The SNP solutions were estimated using a single-step genomic BLUP approach. The proportion of the total additive genetic variance explained by windows of 25 consecutive SNPs (with an average size of ∼2 Mb) was calculated, and regions accounting for at least 1.0% of the total additive genetic variance were used to search for candidate genes. Heritability estimates for the included CMP ranged from 0.19 (CC) to 0.50 (MTA), and 0.24 (CC) to 0.41 (MTA) in the first and second parity, respectively. The genetic correlation estimated between CT and a30 varied from -0.61 to -0.41 and from -0.55 to -0.38 in the first and second lactations, respectively. Negative genetic correlations were found between CT and milk yield and composition, while those estimated between curd firmness and milk composition were positive. Genome-wide association analyses results identified 4 genomic regions (BTA1, BTA3, BTA7, and BTA11) associated with the considered CMP. The identified genomic regions showed contrasting results between parities and among the different stages of each parity. It suggests that different sets of candidate genes underlie the phenotypic expression of the considered CMP between parities and lactation stages of each parity. The findings of this study can be used for future implementation and use of genomic evaluation to improve the cheese-making traits in DPBB cows.
- Published
- 2022
41. The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the evaluation of acute myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathies in clinical practice - a comprehensive review
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Tevfik F Ismail, Alina Hua, Sven Plein, David P D’Cruz, Michelle M A Fernando, Matthias G Friedrich, Michael J Zellweger, Assuero Giorgetti, Federico Caobelli, and Philip Haaf
- Subjects
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Myocardium ,Heart ,General Medicine ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Myocarditis ,cardiovascular system ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,cardiovascular diseases ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Cardiomyopathies ,610 Medicine & health - Abstract
Inflammatory cardiomyopathy (I-CMP) is defined as myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction and/or ventricular remodelling. It is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration into the myocardium and has heterogeneous infectious and non-infectious aetiologies. A complex interplay of genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors contributes to the substantial risk of deteriorating cardiac function, acute heart failure, and arrhythmia as well as chronic dilated cardiomyopathy and its sequelae. Multi-parametric cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is sensitive to many tissue changes that occur during myocardial inflammation, regardless of its aetiology. In this review, we summarize the various aetiologies of I-CMP and illustrate how CMR contributes to non-invasive diagnosis.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Computed tomography urography with corticomedullary phase can exclude urinary bladder cancer with high accuracy
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Suleiman Abuhasanein, Carl Hansen, Dragan Vojinovic, Staffan Jahnson, Henrik Leonhardt, and Henrik Kjölhede
- Subjects
Urology ,Reproducibility of Results ,Urography ,Cystoscopy ,General Medicine ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Reproductive Medicine ,Urologi och njurmedicin ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Urology and Nephrology ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Bladder cancer ,Computed tomography (CT) ,Diagnostic accuracy ,Early detection of cancer ,Hematuria - Abstract
Background To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography-urography (CTU) to rule out urinary bladder cancer (UBC) and whether patients thereby could omit cystoscopy. Methods All patients evaluated for macroscopic hematuria with CTU with cortico-medullary phase (CMP) and cystoscopy at our institute between 1st November 2016 and 31st December 2019 were included. From this study cohort a study group consisting of all UBC patients and a control group of 113 patients randomly selected from all patients in the study cohort without UBC. Two radiologists blinded to all clinical data reviewed the CTUs independently. CTUs were categorized as positive, negative or indeterminate. Diagnostic accuracy and proportion of potential omittable cystoscopies were calculated for the study cohort by generalizing the results from the study group. Results The study cohort consisted of 2195 patients, 297 of which were in the study group (UBC group, n = 207 and control group, n = 90). Inter-rater reliability was high (κ 0.84). Evaluation of CTUs showed that 174 patients were assesessed as positive (showing UBC), 46 patients as indeterminate (not showing UBC but with limited quality of CTU), and 77 patients as negative (not showing UBC with good quality of CTU). False negative rate was 0.07 (95%, CI 0.04–0.12), false positive rate was 0.01 (95% CI 0.0–0.07) and negative predictive value was 0.99 (95% CI 0.92–1.0). The area under the curve was 0.93 (95% CI 0.90–0.96). Only 2.9% (3/102) with high-risk tumors and 11% (12/105) with low- or intermediate-risk tumors had a false negative CTU. Cystoscopy could potentially have been omitted in 57% (1260/2195) of all evaluations. Conclusions CTU with CMP can exclude UBC with high accuracy. In case of negative CTU, it might be reasonable to omit cystoscopy, but future confirmative studies with possibly refined technique are needed.
- Published
- 2022
43. Dietary cytidine monophosphate enhances the growth, blood characteristics, innate and adaptive immune functions and stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major.
- Author
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Yokoyama, Saichiro, Sony, Nadia Mahjabin, Koshio, Shunsuke, Ishikawa, Manabu, and Hossain, Md. Sakhawat
- Subjects
- *
CYTIDINE phosphates , *PAGRUS major , *FISH growth , *IMMUNITY in fish , *FISH immunology - Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary cytidine monophosphate on growth, blood characteristics, innate and adaptive immune functions and stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major . A semi-purified basal diet supplemented with 0% (Control), 0.1% (CMP-0.1), 0.2% (CMP-0.2), 0.4% (CMP-0.4) and 0.8% (CMP-0.8) purified CMP to formulate five experimental diets. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish (mean initial weight 2.9 g) for 56 days. In general dietary CMP supplementations tended to improve growth performances (final body weight, % weight gain and specific growth rate), in which significantly highest performances were found in diet group CMP-0.4 followed by diet groups CMP-0.8 and CMP-0.2. CMP supplementation resulting in increased feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency ratio and highest value (P < 0.05) obtained in diet group CMP-0.8. Diet groups with CMP supplementation ≤ 0.1% (Control, CMP-0.1) showed significantly lowest growth and feed utilization performances. The capabilities enhancing immune functions of fish fed CMP supplemented diets were detected by non-specific and acquired immune parameters measured in this study. Fish fed diet group CMP-0.4 had the significantly higher total serum protein (TSP) than fish fed the control diet. Lysozyme activity (LA), peroxidase activity (PA) also showed increasing trend with the supplementation of CMP and it was numerically higher in diet group CMP-0.4. In contrast, catalase activity (CAT) decreased (P > 0.05) with dietary CMP supplementations. Dietary supplementation of CMP had an increase (P > 0.05) adaptive humoral immune responses (antibody titer) after 21 days of vaccination of formalin killed Vibrio anguillarum . In terms of oxidative stress diet groups CMP-0.2 and CMP-0.4 showed best condition with low oxidative stress and high antioxidant levels. Moreover, the fish fed CMP supplemented diets had better improvement (P < 0.05) in body ash contents, glucose and total cholesterol levels than the control group. The quadratic regression analysis of weight gain and TSP revealed that the optimal levels of dietary CMP supplementation ranged between 0.48 and 0.50% for juvenile red sea bream, which is also in line with the most of the growth and health performance parameters of fish under present experimental condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The Full Cytosine-Cytosine Base Paring: Self-Assembly and Crystal Structure.
- Author
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Li Z, Song W, Zhu Y, Yan L, Zhong X, Zhang M, and Li H
- Subjects
- Base Pairing, Cytidine Monophosphate, Cytosine chemistry, Nucleotides chemistry
- Abstract
The synthesis of self-assembly systems that can mimic partial biological behaviours require ingenious and delicate design. For decades, scientists are committed to exploring new base pairing patterns using hydrogen bonds directed self-assembly of nucleotides. A fundamental question is the adaptive circumstance of the recognition between base pairs, namely, how solvent conditions affect the domain of base pairs. Towards this question, three nucleotide complexes based on 2'-deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphate (dCMP) and cytidine-5'-monophosphate (CMP) were synthesized in different solvents and pH values, and an unusual cytosine-cytosine base paring pattern (named full C : C base pairing) has been successfully obtained. Systematic single crystal analysis and
1 H NMR titration spectra have been performed to explore factors influencing the formation of base paring patterns. Moreover, supramolecular chirality of three complexes were studied using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in solution and solid-state combined with crystal structure analysis., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Metabolic drug targets of the cytosine metabolism pathways in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) and blood parasite Trypanosoma evansi
- Author
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Mahmoud Kandeel and Abdulla Al-Taher
- Subjects
Cytidine monophosphate ,endocrine system ,Cytidine triphosphate ,biology ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Deoxycytidine triphosphate ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Cytidine ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Trypanosoma evansi ,biology.organism_classification ,040201 dairy & animal science ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,0403 veterinary science ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytosine nucleotide ,Food Animals ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Deoxycytidine diphosphate ,Cytidine diphosphate - Abstract
Trypanosomiasis is a major illness affecting camels in tropical and subtropical regions. Comparisons of camel and Trypanosoma evansi genomes can lead to the discovery of new drug targets for treating Trypanosoma infections. The synthesis pathways of cytosine, cytidine, cytidine monophosphate (CMP), cytidine diphosphate (CDP), cytidine triphosphate (CTP) deoxycytidine, deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), deoxycytidine diphosphate (dCDP), and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) were compared in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) and T. evansi. None of the enzymes involved in cytosine pathway were detected in camels and T. evansi. Notably, cytidine kinase (CK) and 5′-nucleotidase, which interconverts cytidine to CMP, were not detected in T. evansi but were present in camels. UMP/CMP kinase was not predicted in T. evansi. Therefore, the presence of enzymes involved in the CTP synthesis cascade was not predicted in T. evansi. CMP synthesis might also be encoded by other enzymes, e.g., purine nucleotides kinases. Both camel and T. evansi share an efficient enzyme system for converting CDP to CTP. In conclusion, CTP synthase is important for homeostasis of cytosine nucleotides in T. evansi and could be a potential drug target against the parasite. In addition, the inhibition of UMP synthesis might contribute to parasite death as it is a shared source for CTP synthesis.
- Published
- 2020
46. Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Cytidine 5′-Monophosphate Using an Extremophilic Enzyme Cascade System
- Author
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Zhimin Li, Zonglin Li, Yiran Zhao, Chun Xiao, Xiao Ning, and Xiaodan Zhang
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor) ,Bacteria ,One-pot synthesis ,Cytidine ,General Chemistry ,In vitro ,Uridine kinase ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,Extremophiles ,Polyphosphate kinase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Enzyme ,Bacterial Proteins ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Biosynthesis ,Enzyme Stability ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Uridine Kinase ,Amino Acid Sequence ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Sequence Alignment ,Biotransformation - Abstract
A rapid in vitro enzymatic biosynthesis system has been developed as a biological manufacturing platform with potential industrial uses. Cytidine 5′-monophosphate (5′-CMP) is a key intermediate in ...
- Published
- 2020
47. Intraperitoneal CMP-001: A Novel Immunotherapy for Treating Peritoneal Carcinomatosis of Gastrointestinal and Pancreaticobiliary Cancer
- Author
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Sue E. Blackwell, Ann M. Miller, Ann Tomanek-Chalkley, Kristen L Coleman, George J. Weiner, Carlos H. F. Chan, Katherine N Gibson-Corely, and Caitlin D Lemke-Miltner
- Subjects
Chemokine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030230 surgery ,Article ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,In vivo ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Tumor Microenvironment ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine ,Peritoneal Neoplasms ,Tumor microenvironment ,biology ,business.industry ,Dendritic Cells ,Immunotherapy ,Interleukin-12 ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Interleukin 12 ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Surgery ,business ,Ex vivo ,CD8 - Abstract
BACKGROUND. The treatment options for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of gastrointestinal and pancreaticobiliary origins are limited. The virus-like particle, CMP-001, composed of the Qβ bacteriophage capsid protein encapsulating a CpG-A oligodeoxynucleotide, activates plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and triggers interferon alpha (IFNα) release, leading to a cascade of anti-tumor immune effects. METHODS. To evaluate the ability of CMP-001 to trigger an immune response in patients with PC, peritoneal cells were isolated and stimulated ex vivo with CMP-001. Both IFNα release and percentage of pDC were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry, respectively. To evaluate the anti-tumor response in vivo, murine PC models were generated using mouse cancer cell lines (Panc02 and MC38) in immunocompetent mice treated with intraperitoneal CMP-001 or saline control. Survival was followed, and the immunophenotype of cells in the peritoneal tumor microenvironment was evaluated. RESULTS. The pDCs accounted for 1% (range 0.1–3.9%; n = 17) of the isolated peritoneal cells. Ex vivo CMP-001 stimulation of the peritoneal cells released an average of 0.77 ng/ml of IFNα (range, 0–4700 pg/ml; n = 14). The IFNα concentration was proportional to the percentage of pDCs present in the peritoneal cell mixture (r = 0.6; p = 0.037). In murine PC models, intraperitoneal CMP-001 treatment elicited an anti-tumor immune response including an increase in chemokines (RANTES and MIP-1β), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, interleukin 6 [IL-6], and IL-12), and peritoneal/tumor immune infiltration (CD4(+)/CD8(+) T and natural killer [NK] cells). The CMP-001 treatment improved survival in both the Panc02 (median, 35 vs 28 days) and the MC38 (median: 57 vs 35 days) PC models (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS. As a novel immunotherapeutic agent, CMP-001 may be effective for treating patients with PC.
- Published
- 2020
48. Efficacy of purified nucleotide supplements on the growth performance and immunity of hybrid striped bass Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis
- Author
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Delbert M. Gatlin, Alejandro Velasquez, Fernando Y. Yamamoto, Kequan Chen, Min Ju, and Clement R. de Cruz
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cytidine monophosphate ,Inosine monophosphate ,Soybean meal ,Adaptive Immunity ,Aquatic Science ,Weight Gain ,Random Allocation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fish meal ,Guanosine monophosphate ,Uridine monophosphate ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Food science ,biology ,Nucleotides ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Hybrid striped bass ,biology.organism_classification ,Animal Feed ,Immunity, Innate ,Diet ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Plant protein ,Dietary Supplements ,Body Composition ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Bass - Abstract
Fishmeal is being increasingly replaced in aquatic animal diets with alternative plant protein feedstuffs such as soybean meal which have lower concentrations of nucleotides; therefore, supplemental sources of exogenous nucleotides in diets could become increasingly important. A 9-week feeding trial was conducted with triplicate groups of juvenile hybrid striped bass (average initial body weight ± standard deviation, 5.6 ± 0.1 g) to determine the effects of supplementing single purified nucleotides on the growth performance and immune parameters. The basal diet, which utilized menhaden fishmeal (25%) and soybean meal (75%) as protein sources, contained 44% protein, 10% lipid and an estimated digestible energy level of 3.5 kcal g−1. Single additions of 5′- adenosine monophosphate (AMP), 5′- uridine monophosphate (UMP), 5′- cytidine monophosphate (CMP), 5′- guanosine monophosphate (GMP), and 5′- inosine monophosphate (IMP) disodium salts (Chem-Impex International, Wood Dale, Illinois, USA) were evaluated with each nucleotide added to the basal diet at 0.5% of dry weight at the expense of cellulose. A positive control diet in this trial was a diet containing 5′- AMP from Sigma-Aldrich also supplemented at 0.5% by weight. Results showed significantly (P 0.05) was detected in whole-body proximate composition and protein retention of fish fed any of the dietary treatments. The respiratory burst of whole blood phagocytes also was significantly (P
- Published
- 2020
49. Effects of dietary nucleotides on growth, survival and metabolic response in whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei against ammonia stress condition
- Author
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Annita Seok Kian Yong, Wai Yee Mok, Mohammad Lal Mohamad Tamrin, Rossita Shapawi, and Yang‐Su Kim
- Subjects
Inosine monophosphate ,Cytidine monophosphate ,0303 health sciences ,animal structures ,Litopenaeus ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Shrimp ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fish meal ,Animal science ,chemistry ,Whiteleg shrimp ,Hemolymph ,040102 fisheries ,Uridine monophosphate ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of nucleotides on growth of whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and the survival and metabolic responses to ammonia stress test. Experimental diets were as follows: low fish meal diet (LFMD), and four LFMD test diets, each supplemented with 0.1% guanosine monophosphate (GMP), 0.1% inosine monophosphate (IMP), 0.1% mixture of GMP and IMP and 0.1% mixture of GMP, IMP, uridine monophosphate (UMP) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP). The shrimp specimens (initial body weight: 0.99 ± 0.01 g) were randomly allocated into five groups and fed four times daily for 8‐weeks. After the trial, final body weight was recorded and haemolymph was withdrawn for haematological analysis. The shrimp was then challenged with 70 mg/L ammonia (LC50) for 10 days. Survival and haemolymph of the shrimp were taken after exposure to ammonia. The highest growth performance was observed in the shrimp fed diet supplemented with GMP (p
- Published
- 2020
50. Profile of Nucleotides in Chinese Mature Breast Milk from Six Regions
- Author
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Lutong Yang, Zhiheng Guo, Miao Yu, Xiaokun Cai, Yingyi Mao, Fang Tian, Wenhui Xu, Guoliang Liu, Xiang Li, Yanrong Zhao, and Lin Xie
- Subjects
China ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Milk, Human ,Nucleotides ,Infant ,Nucleosides ,Adenosine Monophosphate ,Cytidine Monophosphate ,Humans ,Lactation ,Female ,Uridine Monophosphate ,MUAI ,total potentially available nucleosides ,breast milk ,nucleotides ,Food Science - Abstract
This study measured the total potentially available nucleoside (TPAN) content in breast milk from six different regions of China as a part of the Maternal Nutrition and Infant Investigation (MUAI) study. A total of 631 breast milk samples were collected from healthy, lactating women with singleton, full-term pregnancies between 40 and 45 days postpartum in Changchun, Chengdu, Lanzhou, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou. TPAN and free 5′-monophosphate nucleotide (5′-MNT) contents were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The TPAN content of the Chinese mature milk ranged from 11.61 mg/L to 111.09 mg/L, with a median level of 43.26 mg/L. Four types of nucleotides were identified, and the median levels of cytidine monophosphate (CMP), uridine monophosphate (UMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were 22.84 mg/L, 9.37 mg/L, 4.86 mg/L, and 4.80 mg/L, respectively. CMP was the predominant nucleotide, accounting for 52.9% of the TPAN content, while free 5′-MNT accounted for 18.38% of the TPAN content. The distribution pattern of the TPAN content and level of the individual nucleotides were significantly different among the selected regions (p < 0.05), but the result showed no significant differences in the TPAN level in breast milk (p > 0.05). In addition, no correlation was reported between the geographic distribution and TPAN levels. This result showed that TPAN better reflects the level of total potential nucleosides in Chinese breast milk rather than 5′-MNT in free form. CMP, UMP, GMP, and AMP are the only 4 types of nucleotides reported in all detections. In addition, results revealed a large variation of TPAN levels in Chinese breast milk across six regions, so that the median value may not be the optimal fortification level of TPAN for Chinese infant populations.
- Published
- 2021
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