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A mandioca (Manihot esculenta crantz) é uma planta originária da América do Sul, principalmente da região Amazônica, que vem sendo cultivada em diversos países devido à sua ampla adaptação. As indústrias voltadas ao processamento da mandioca para fabricação de farinha e fécula, localizadas principalmente na região sul e sudeste do Brasil, geram resíduos sólidos e líquidos de alta capacidade poluidora, o que tem resultado em grande impacto ao meio ambiente. Atualmente, a produção animal sofre com o alto custo na alimentação, principalmente, em função da oscilação dos preços dos grãos no mercado. Como forma de redução da poluição ambiental e dos custos de produção animal, tem-se o aproveitamento dos resíduos provenientes do processamento da mandioca na alimentação animal. A presente revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo destacar a utilização dos principais subprodutos da indústria de processamento da mandioca, como substituto ao milho, na alimentação de frangos de corte.

A suinocultura se constitui em atividade relevante à economia brasileira. A alimentação representa alto custo na produção animal, deste modo, a forma física dos grãos, em particular o tamanho das partículas dos ingredientes ou a granulometria utilizada nas rações de suínos pode influenciar a qualidade das rações, o que reflete no desempenho, e consequentemente, na produtividade das granjas, além do custo de produção e o nível de poluição ambiental em função da produção de dejetos. Esta revisão tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento com base na literatura científica acerca das diferentes recomendações de granulometria para as rações fornecidas aos suínos, durante a fase de engorda. Conclui-se que para a formulação de ração, recomenda-se a escolha do tamanho correto dos grãos, considerando os objetivos relacionados ao desempenho e saúde dos animais, à digestibilidade dos nutrientes, ao potencial de excreção de poluentes e ao custo de produção.

Inadequate pre-slaughter handling conditions can compromise animal welfare and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the animal welfare (AW) indexes during pre-slaughter handling and quantify the carcass lesions of beef cattle submitted to different loading densities. A total of 270 Nellore cattle, at 30 months of age, from three farms were used in the study. Each farm presented a different loading density: higher density (500kg/m2), intermediate density (450kg/m2), and lower density (420kg/m2). Three shipments of cattle from each farm with 30 animals each were used in the AW analysis. Ten animals from each shipment were considered for quantification of carcass bruises. The AW indexes were classified according to the five-freedom criterion (physiological, environmental, sanitary, behavioral, and psychological). After slaughter, the carcasses were inspected in the routine line and evaluated for the presence of lesions. Statistically significant differences (p

O objetivo foi descrever o repertório comportamental e a preferência por diferentes brinquedos de coelhos alojados em baias coletivas com ou sem enriquecimento ambiental. Para isso, foram utilizados 24 coelhos Nova Zelândia Branco com 58 ± 3 dias de idade. Foram adotados dois tratamentos: com enriquecimento ambiental e sem enriquecimento ambiental. O enriquecimento consistiu na colocação de brinquedos no interior das baias, sendo eles: piso de plástico, corda de sisal, blocos de madeira e correntes. O repertório comportamental foi determinado a partir de filmagens realizadas durante 24 horas ao longo de três dias alternados. O comportamento foi registrado a cada 10 minutos. Utilizou-se os testes Qui-Quadrado e Kruskal-Wallis a 5% de significância. Os animais alojados em baias enriquecidas apresentaram maior frequência de realização de comportamento exploratório, já os animais das baias não enriquecidas tiveram maior ocorrência dos comportamentos de interação social e cuidados corporais, ambos realizados com maior frequência durante a noite e manhã. Os cuidados corporais foram mais frequentes durante o período noturno. Os coelhos interagiram com todos os brinquedos no período noturno, sendo a corda de sisal aquela que promoveu interação também durante a manhã. O piso de plástico foi buscado mais frequentemente pela tarde, enquanto os coelhos dormiam. A inclusão de enriquecimento ambiental na criação de coelhos alojados em baias coletivas aumentou o comportamento exploratório dos animais durante a noite, sendo a corda de sisal o brinquedo preferido, sendo procurada durante todo o período noturno e durante a manhã.

Rabbits are very sensitive to heat stress because they have difficulty eliminating excess body heat. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of heat stress on slaughter weight, dressing percentage and carcass and meat quality traits of rabbits from two genetic groups. Ninety-six weaned rabbits were used: half were from the Botucatu genetic group and half were crossbreds between New Zealand White sires and Botucatu does. They were assigned to a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement (two genetic groups and three ambient temperatures: 18°C, 25°C and 30°C) and kept under controlled conditions in three environmental chambers from 5 to 10 weeks of age. Slaughter took place at 10 weeks, on 2 consecutive days. Meat quality measurements were made in the longissimus muscle. Actual average ambient temperature and relative humidity in the three chambers were 18.4°C and 63.9%, 24.4°C and 80.2% and 29.6°C and 75.9%, respectively. Purebred rabbits were heavier at slaughter and had heavier commercial and reference carcasses than crossbreds at 30°C; however, no differences between genetic groups for these traits were found at lower temperatures. No genetic group × ambient temperature interaction was detected for any other carcass or meat quality traits. The percentages of distal parts of legs, skin and carcass forepart were higher in crossbred rabbits, indicating a lower degree of maturity at slaughter in this group. The percentage of thoracic viscera was higher in the purebreds. Lightness of the longissimus muscle was higher in the purebreds, whereas redness was higher in the crossbreds. Slaughter, commercial and reference carcass weights and the percentages of thoracic viscera, liver and kidneys were negatively related with ambient temperature. Commercial and reference carcass yields, and the percentage of distal parts of legs, on the other hand, had a positive linear relationship with ambient temperature. Meat redness and yellowness diminished as ambient temperature increased, whereas cooking loss was linearly elevated with ambient temperature. Meat color traits revealed paler meat in the purebreds, but no differences in instrumental texture properties and water-holding capacity between genetic groups. Purebred rabbits were less susceptible to heat stress than the crossbreds. Heat stress resulted in lower slaughter and carcass weights and proportional reductions of organ weights, which contributed to a higher carcass yield. Moreover, it exerted a small, but negative, effect on meat quality traits.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:59:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-07-28 The objective of this study was to determine if a diet supplemented simultaneously with vitamins C and E would alleviate the negative effects of heat stress, applied between 28 and 42 days of age, on performance, carcass and meat quality traits of broiler chickens. A total of 384 male broiler chickens were assigned to a completely randomized design, with a 2×3 factorial arrangement (diet with or without vitamin supplementation and two ambient temperatures plus a pair-feeding group) and 16 replicates. Chickens were kept in thermoneutral conditions up to 28 days of age. They were then housed in groups of four per cage, in three environmentally controlled chambers: two thermoneutral (22.5 and 22.6°C) and one for heat stress (32°C). Half the chickens were fed a diet supplemented with vitamins C (257 to 288 mg/kg) and E (93 to 109 mg/kg). In the thermoneutral chambers, half of the chickens were pair-fed to heat stressed chickens, receiving each day the average feed intake recorded in the heat stress chamber in the previous day. Meat physical quality analyses were performed on the pectoralis major muscle. No ambient temperature×diet supplementation interaction effects were detected on performance, carcass, or meat quality traits. The supplemented diet resulted in lower growth performance, attributed either to a carry-over effect of the lower initial BW, or to a possible catabolic effect of vitamins C and E when supplemented simultaneously at high levels. Heat stress reduced slaughter and carcass weights, average daily gain and feed intake, and increased feed conversion. Growth performance of pair-fed chickens was similar to that of heat stressed chickens. Exposure to heat stress increased carcass and abdominal fat percentages, but reduced breast, liver and heart percentages. Pair-fed chickens showed the lowest fat percentage and their breast percentage was similar to controls. Heat stress increased meat pH and negatively affected meat color and cooking loss. In pair-fed chickens, meat color was similar to the heat stressed group. Shear force was not influenced by heat stress, but pair-fed chickens showed the tenderest meat. In conclusion, reduction in growth performance and negative changes in meat color in heat stressed chickens were attributed to depression in feed intake, whereas negative changes in body composition, higher meat pH and cooking loss were credited to high ambient temperature per se. Diet supplementation with vitamins C and E as antioxidants did not mitigate any of these negative effects. Department of Animal Production College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences UNESP - São Paulo State University Institute of Health Sciences UFMT - Federal University of Mato Grosso Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences UNESP - São Paulo State University Department of Animal Sciences Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture USP - University of São Paulo Department of Animal Production College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences UNESP - São Paulo State University Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences UNESP - São Paulo State University

Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-27T14:54:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000294031600025.pdf: 650201 bytes, checksum: 23450660a8a5dd17210f9cd65b21f1dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:28:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000294031600025.pdf: 650201 bytes, checksum: 23450660a8a5dd17210f9cd65b21f1dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:40:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000294031600025.pdf: 650201 bytes, checksum: 23450660a8a5dd17210f9cd65b21f1dd (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:40:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000294031600025.pdf: 650201 bytes, checksum: 23450660a8a5dd17210f9cd65b21f1dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the interaction between genetic group (Botucatu or crossbred) and ambient temperature (thermoneutral, moderate or intense heat stress) on physiological indicators and performance of growing rabbits. Ninety-six weaned rabbits were used, half from the Botucatu genetic group and half crossbreds (New Zealand White males x Botucatu females). They were assigned to a completely randomized design in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement (two genetic groups and three ambient temperatures) with repeated measures (weeks). Colonic temperature, skin surface temperature, ear surface temperature, and respiratory rate were recorded from 42 to 67 days of age, whereas body weight and feed intake were recorded from 35 to 70 days of age. Average ambient temperature and relative humidity in the environmental chambers were 18.4 degrees C and 63.9% (thermoneutral), 24.4 degrees C and 80.2% (moderate heat stress) and 29.6 degrees C and 75.9% (intense heat stress). Mean colonic temperatures ranged from 39.4 to 39.7 degrees C across treatments. Botucatu rabbits showed higher (P

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:00:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782009000200033.pdf: 46209 bytes, checksum: adab5e93cfe1e26a420742bd84202b97 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:00:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782009000200033.pdf: 46209 bytes, checksum: adab5e93cfe1e26a420742bd84202b97 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:57:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0103-84782009000200033.pdf: 46209 bytes, checksum: adab5e93cfe1e26a420742bd84202b97 (MD5) S0103-84782009000200033.pdf.txt: 25130 bytes, checksum: fb2f0c4603e53cc65cb02458f640e0d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:14:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0103-84782009000200033.pdf: 46209 bytes, checksum: adab5e93cfe1e26a420742bd84202b97 (MD5) S0103-84782009000200033.pdf.txt: 25130 bytes, checksum: fb2f0c4603e53cc65cb02458f640e0d1 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:14:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0103-84782009000200033.pdf: 46209 bytes, checksum: adab5e93cfe1e26a420742bd84202b97 (MD5) S0103-84782009000200033.pdf.txt: 25130 bytes, checksum: fb2f0c4603e53cc65cb02458f640e0d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) O efeito da temperatura e o efeito do enriquecimento do piso de gaiola sobre o bem-estar de coelhos em crescimento foram avaliados. Quarenta e oito coelhos do grupo genético Botucatu, desmamados aos 35 dias de idade, foram alojados em Câmara Climática, quatro por gaiola (1,00 x 0,60 x 0,40m), em 12 gaiolas que tinham (ou não) metade do piso coberto com cama de palha. As gaiolas foram instaladas metade em sala com temperatura ambiente e metade em sala resfriada. Os animais tiveram livre acesso à ração balanceada e à água nos dois tipos de piso. Para se avaliar o bem-estar, foram realizadas cinco observações de 24 horas cada, uma por semana, sendo registradas as freqüências dos comportamentos: lúdico, estereotipado, exploratório, cuidados corporais e interação e comparadas entre gaiolas enriquecidas ou não nas duas salas. A média de temperatura e a média de umidade relativa do ar foram: 23,6°C e 78,7% na sala natural e 20,6°C e 71,0% na sala resfriada. O comportamento lúdico foi mais freqüente nas gaiolas enriquecidas (7,6 vs 4,3% sala natural e 7,8 vs 3,8% sala resfriada, P0,01). Coelhos mantidos em temperatura natural preferiram a grade à cama de palha (77,9 vs. 22,1%, P>0,01), enquanto na sala resfriada eles não mostraram preferência em relação ao piso (45,9 vs 54,1%, P=0,41). em sala resfriada, o enriquecimento com palha favoreceu o bem-estar animal. The effects of temperature and cage floor enrichment on the welfare of growing rabbits were evaluated. Forty-eight rabbits from the Botucatu genetic group, weaned at 35 days of age were housed in an Environmental Chamber, four per cage (1.00 x 0.60 x 0.40m), in 12 cages that had (or not) half of the floor covered with litter straw. The cages were housed half in a room temperature chamber and half in a refrigerated chamber. Animals had free access to a balanced feed and water in the two types of floor. In order to evaluate welfare, five 24-hour observations were carried out, one per week, to register the frequencies of the following behaviors: ludic, stereotypic, exploratory, self-grooming and interactions, and to compare them between enriched and non-enriched cages from the two chambers. The average temperatures and relative humidities were 23.6°C and 78.7% in the room temperature chamber and 20.6°C and 71.0% in the refrigerated chamber. The ludic behavior was more frequent in the enriched cages (7.6 vs. 4.3% Room Temperature Chamber and 7.8 vs. 3.8% Refrigerated Chamber, P