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209 results on '"Cynamon M"'

7. Lipiarmycin targets RNA polymerase and has good activity against multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Author

Kurabachew, M., primary, Lu, S. H. J., additional, Krastel, P., additional, Schmitt, E. K., additional, Suresh, B. L., additional, Goh, A., additional, Knox, J. E., additional, Ma, N. L., additional, Jiricek, J., additional, Beer, D., additional, Cynamon, M., additional, Petersen, F., additional, Dartois, V., additional, Keller, T., additional, Dick, T., additional, and Sambandamurthy, V. K., additional

Published
2008
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13. Genome and MIC stability in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and indications for continuation of use of isoniazid in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Author

VICTOR, T. C., primary, WARREN, R., additional, BUTT, J. L., additional, JORDAAN, A. M., additional, FELIX, J. V., additional, VENTER, A., additional, SIRGEL, F. A., additional, SCHAAF, H. S., additional, DONALD, P. R., additional, RICHARDSON, M., additional, CYNAMON, M. H., additional, and VAN HELDEN, P. D., additional

Published
1997
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17. ChemInform Abstract: Identification of a Novel Oxazolidinone (U‐100480) with Potent Antimycobacterial Activity.

Author

BARBACHYN, M. R., primary, HUTCHINSON, D. K., additional, BRICKNER, S. J., additional, CYNAMON, M. H., additional, KILBURN, J. O., additional, KLEMENS, S. P., additional, GLICKMAN, S. E., additional, GREGA, K. C., additional, HENDGES, S. K., additional, TOOPS, D. S., additional, FORD, C. W., additional, and ZURENKO, G. E., additional

Published
1996
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37. In-vitro susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium kansasii to amoxycillin and ticarcillin in combination with clavulanic acid.

Author

Wong, Cynthia S., Palmer, G. S., Cynamon, M. H., and Wong, C S

Abstract

The in-vitro susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. kansasii to amoxycillin alone and in combination with 2 mg/l of clavulanic acid was evaluated by broth dilution. The MIC90 of amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid was 4 mg/l compared with greater than 32 mg/l for amoxycillin alone when tested against M. tuberculosis (n = 27). M. bovis (n = 8) was the most susceptible species with an MIC90 of amoxycillin 8 mg/l, compared with 0.5 mg/l for the combination. M. kansasii (n = 6), with an MIC90 of 16 mg/l for amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid was more resistant than either M. tuberculosis or M. bovis. Ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid with an MIC90 of 32 mg/l was less active against M. tuberculosis (n = 28) than amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid. The addition of clavulanic acid to amoxycillin greatly improves its in-vitro activity against M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1988

38. Comparison of four beta-lactamase inhibitors in combination with ampicillin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Author

Sorg, T B and Cynamon, M H

Abstract

The in-vitro activity of a beta-lactamase inhibitor (clavulanic acid, sulbactam, BL-P2013 or BL-P2090) in combination with ampicillin against 13 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was determined by broth dilution. The agents were tested in 1:1 molar ratio of ampicillin to beta-lactamase inhibitor. The beta-lactamase inhibitors alone did not inhibit growth at the highest concentration tested. The MIC90 for ampicillin alone was greater than 32 mg/l. Clavulanic acid plus ampicillin was the most active combination with an MIC90 of 11 microM (4 mg/l of ampicillin). The MIC90 of ampicillin in combination with sulbactam, BL-P2013 or BL-P2090 was 23 microM (8 mg/l of ampicillin). A 1:1 ratio of ampicillin to inhibitor was more active than was a 2:1 ratio. The addition of a beta-lactamase inhibitor to ampicillin greatly improves its in-vitro activity against M. tuberculosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1987

39. Studies on Hepatic Uptake of Antigen. I. COMPARISON OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA AND PORTAL VEIN ROUTES OF IMMUNIZATION.

Author

Triger, D. R., Cynamon, M. H., and Wright, R.

Subjects
*VENA cava inferior, *PORTAL vein, *IMMUNE response, *HEMAGGLUTININ, *CHROMIUM isotopes, *ANTIGENS
Abstract

An experimental animal model is described in which small injections of antigen (SRBC) into the portal venous system of the rat produces a reduced immune response in comparison with that obtained following similar injection into the inferior vena cava. The difference in humoral response, measured by circulating haemagglutinins and haemolysins was only detectable after repeated doses of antigen. The dose of SRBC necessary to demonstrate this difference is shown to be critical. Cell-mediated immunity-determined by measuring ear swelling 24 hours after intra-auricular injection of antigen-could be demonstrated in animals immunized via the inferior vena cava but not in those immunized via the portal vein. Labelling of the antigen with radioactive chromium (5Cr) showed that the increased immune response to inferior vena cava injected antigen was accompanied by a reduced hepatic uptake of antigen, but no significant alteration in splenic uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1973

40. Liposome-encapsulated-amikacin therapy of Mycobacterium avium complex infection in beige mice

Author

Cynamon, M H, Swenson, C E, Palmer, G S, and Ginsberg, R S

Abstract

Efficacy of liposome-encapsulated amikacin and free amikacin against Mycobacterium avium complex was evaluated in the beige mouse (C57BL/6J-bgJ/bgJ) acute infection model. Approximately 10(7) viable M. avium complex serotype 1 cells for which the MIC of amikacin was 8 micrograms/ml were given intravenously. Treatment was started with encapsulated or free amikacin at approximately 110 or 40 mg/kg of body weight 7 or 14 days later. In the former experiment, treatment was given two or three times per week. In the latter experiment, treatment was given daily for 5 days. The animals were sacrificed 5 days after the last dose. Liver, spleen, and lung were homogenized, and viable cell counts were determined on 7H10 agar. An analysis of variance and subsequent Tukey HSD (honestly significant difference) tests indicated that both encapsulated and free amikacin significantly reduced viable cell counts in each of the organs compared with counts in the control group. Compared with free amikacin, encapsulated amikacin significantly reduced viable cell counts in the liver and spleen. Liposome encapsulation of an active agent appears to be a promising therapeutic approach to M. avium complex infection.

Published
1989
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41. Quantitative Structure−Activity Relationships for the in Vitro Antimycobacterial Activity of Pyrazinoic Acid Esters

Author

Bergmann, K. E., Cynamon, M. H., and Welch, J. T.

Abstract

Substituted pyrazinoic acid esters have previously been reported to have in vitro activity against Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium kansasii as well as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Modification of both the pyrazine nucleus and the ester functionality was successful in expanding the antimycobacterial activity associated with pyrazinamide to include M. avium and M. kansasii, organisms usually not susceptible to pyrazinamide. In an attempt to understand the relationship between the activity of the esters with the needed biostability, a quantitative structure−activity relationship has been developed. This derived relationship is consistent with the observation that tert-butyl 5-chloropyrazinoate (13) and 2‘-(2‘-methyldecyl) 5-chloropyrazinoate (25), compounds which are both 100-fold more active than pyrazinamide against M. tuberculosis and possess a serum stability 900−1000 times greater than the lead compounds in the series.

Published
1996

42. Identification of a Novel Oxazolidinone (U-100480) with Potent Antimycobacterial Activity

Author

Barbachyn, M. R., Hutchinson, D. K., Brickner, S. J., Cynamon, M. H., Kilburn, J. O., Klemens, S. P., Glickman, S. E., Grega, K. C., Hendges, S. K., Toops, D. S., Ford, C. W., and Zurenko, G. E.

Abstract

During the course of our investigations in the oxazolidinone antibacterial agent area, we have identified a subclass with especially potent in vitro activity against mycobacteria. The salient structural feature of these oxazolidinone analogues, 6 (U-100480), 7 (U-101603), and 8 (U-101244), is their appended thiomorpholine moiety. The rational design, synthesis, and evaluation of the in vitro antimycobacterial activity of these analogues is described. Potent activity against a screening strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was demonstrated by 6 and 7 (minimum inhibitory concentrations or MIC's ≤0.125 μg/mL). Oxazolidinones 6 and 8 exhibit MIC90 values of 0.50 μg/mL or less against a panel of organisms consisting of five drug-sensitive and five multidrug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis, with 6 being the most active congener. Potent in vitro activity against other mycobacterial species was also demonstrated by 6. For example, 6 exhibited excellent in vitro activity against multiple clinical isolates of Mycobacterium avium complex (MIC's = 0.5−4 μg/mL). Orally administered 6 displays in vivo efficacy against M. tuberculosis and M. avium similar to that of clinical comparators isoniazid and azithromycin, respectively. Consideration of these factors, along with a favorable pharmacokinetic and chronic toxicity profile in rats, suggests that 6 (U-100480) is a promising antimycobacterial agent.

Published
1996

43. A randomized trial of clarithromycin as prophylaxis against disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in patients with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Author

Pierce, M., Crampton, S., Henry, D., Heifets, L., Lamarca, A., Montecalvo, M., Wormser, G.P., Jablonowski, H., Jemsek, J., Cynamon, M., Yangco, B.G., Notario, G., and Craft, J.C.

Subjects
Clarithromycin -- Evaluation, Mycobacterium avium complex -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

According to the authors' abstract of an article published in New England Journal of Medicine, "BACKGROUND: Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium complex is the most common opportunistic infection in patients [...]

Published
1996

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