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The article deals with technological research. The article discusses the results of theoretical and experimental studies on the creation of a new design of an end grinding wheel with an intermittent frontal and continuous nursing part of the final processing. In the discontinuous part, the transition from projections to depressions has been profiled along an Archimedean spiral. The characteristic of which we have determined by the ratio of the speed of the part to the speed of the wheel. On the basis of experimental studies carried out by orthogonal planning of the second order, an empirical model of the dependence of the contact temperature on the elements of the grinding mode of a wheel of a new design has been obtained. The resulting model contributed to the determination of a rational combination of elements of the grinding mode from the standpoint of increasing their efficiency, in particularly, reducing the contact temperature of the grinding process with a new design of the wheel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abnormal machining vibrations and inconsistent machining quality are commonly observed in high-speed machining operations and are often attributed to the inappropriate characteristics of servo dynamics and structural resonance caused by feeding motions with higher jerk. An understanding of the manner in which distinct servo system parameters impact machining, can facilitate the refinement of machine tool tuning, thereby enabling the achievement of desired machining outcomes. In practical terms, the servo parameters, including feeding acceleration and jerk, control gains, and feed-forward compensation, can be appropriately determined based on the characteristics of the machine in question, such as the presence of dynamic errors in positioning and contouring paths. This study aims to evaluate the interactive effects between servo parameters and machining parameters to gain insight into their influence on machining quality. In order to achieve this objective, different servo parameters were tuned to meet various machining requirements, and cutting experiments were conducted with consideration of the cutter stability. The results are expected to provide guidance on the control of servo systems and the optimization of machining parameters, ensuring that servo tuning effectively enhances machine tool cutting performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For Russian stainless steels, criteria have been developed for assignment to group M in the ISO international classification. An algorithm is proposed for determining the codes according to the Sandvik Coromant classification of stainless steels, on the basis of the grade of the material, the chemical composition, the hardness, and the method of workpiece preparation. The algorithm is implemented in the integrated CAM system for the KOMPAS-3D platform and permits calculation of the cutting conditions for imported hard-alloy tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of optimizing the milling process on the Roland MDX-20 machine are presented: the maximum allowable and optimal cutting conditions for parts made of foam, hard and soft modeling plastics, and hardwood are empirically established. At the first stage of the study, a complete list of types of strategies for roughing and finishing, presented in the CAM-system Modela Player 4 (MP4), was studied, as a result of which the optimal one for the intended experiment was chosen (9 virtual tests were carried out), processing time was taken as the analyzed parameter. To understand the specifics of the work on the machine under study and to check the suitability of using the processing parameters and the type of strategy, test processing of the foam was carried out. The main optimization criteria are speed, expressed as processing time, and the quality of the resulting surface. At the second stage of the study - experiment - methods for roughing horizontal surfaces of 20×20 mm models, consisting of a truncated pyramid and a hemisphere, are described on a Roland MDX-20 milling machine using MP4. As cutting tools in both studies, a Hanita 400305002 ∅6 mm cylindrical cutter was used for roughing, and a Hanita 400103002 ∅3 mm spherical cutter was used for finishing. The recommended cutting conditions have been established, which allow reducing the processing time of parts by 40-50 % without deteriorating the quality of the machined surfaces.

This research investigates the relationship between machining technology parameters and surface roughness to optimize the cost efficiency of machining processes. In modern manufacturing, particularly in the automotive sector, achieving the desired surface quality while minimizing costs is critical. By evaluating tools from various manufacturers under different combinations of cutting parameters—such as cutting speed, feed, and depth—this study focuses on determining the most effective settings for producing an optimal surface roughness. The experiments highlight that selecting appropriate technological parameters impacts the machining process’s surface finish and economic efficiency. This study provides insights into balancing surface quality requirements with cost constraints, contributing to more efficient and sustainable manufacturing practices.

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Granite edge finishing through grinding is a common process in the granite processing industry, crucial for achieving the final desired shape and edge quality of products. This study focuses on the granite industry, specifically delving into the significance of grinding and polishing for improving aesthetics and extending material longevity. The experimental design entails a comprehensive factorial experiment plan involving two workpiece materials (white and black granite samples) and two cutting tool edge shapes (chamfer and concave), each with two grit sizes: G150 and G600. The cutting conditions varied and consisted of variations in spindle speeds (1500, 2500, 3500 rpm), feed rates (500, 1000, 1500 mm/min), and lubrication modes (wet/dry). The results uncover intricate relationships among these parameters and part quality, underscoring the pivotal role of tool geometry in achieving superior surface finishes and in controlling the cutting forces. These findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the dynamic interplay between tool characteristics, material properties, and machining conditions within the granite industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High surface quality is an important indicator for high-performance machining during the manufacturing process. The surface roughness generated in machining can be affected by cutting parameters and machining vibration. To achieve processing efficiency, monitoring surface quality within the desired range is important. This study aimed to develop a surface roughness prediction system for the milling process. The predictive model was established based on data collected from machining experiments with the response surface methodology. The surface roughness is related to independent variables, including cutting parameters and machining vibration, in terms of nonlinear functions by regression analysis and the neural network approach, respectively. To be implemented in a CNC milling machine for online application, a predictive model was introduced in the Virtual Machine Extension (VMX) intelligent software development platform. This model can acquire the cutting parameters from the controller via the Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPCUA) interface as well as the vibration features from the sensory module. The system can calculate the roughness based on these data and issue alert when the predicted value exceeds the preset threshold or abnormal vibration is detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers scientific principles of technological procedure development for the selection and assignment of parameters of velocity machining by blade tool at gear milling with due regard to the required parameters of the gear surface layer. Optimum micro-cutting conditions are determined when full participation in stock removal of all mill teeth is provided. Technological regulation of selection and setting of machining parameters is spread for gear hobbing of the spur gear wheels with fine-modular and coarse-modular hardness (220...320 HV) and after heat treatment (HRC46...63). Correlation with essential parameters of the surface layer, cutting depth, feed, speed and radius of rounding of the cutting edge of milling cutters’ teeth is established. It is scientifically grounded, tested, and proved at what modes of cutting, the radius of rounding of cutting edge of the cutting tool is made metal removal at oncoming and passing high-speed micro milling. The process of determining of minimal sliding angle, or maximum value (without the use of coolant and with coolant), in which there is no micro-cutting process taking into account variation of variable parameters of cutting conditions and geometrical parameters of hobbing cutters is modelled. For the first time, we ascertained the relation between the sliding angle and the maximum contact angle of the mill tooth with the work surface, which allowed determine the efficiency of the shaping process through coefficient (without coolant and with coolant).

Milling is one of the most frequently used machining operations in manufacturing industry. In order to remove cutting stocks economically and effectively, it is typically necessary to employ a multi-pass milling plan. Nevertheless, an optimisation practice is desirable in order to decide the most appropriate cutting plan (cutting speeds and feed rates) in each cutting pass to minimise the total machining time. In this study, optimisation of cutting conditions in multi-pass milling is achieved by utilising an improved version of a recently developed swarm intelligence based metaheuristic algorithm, which is known as a weighted superposition attraction algorithm. All of the cutting constraints are successfully satisfied and the results obtained from the proposed optimisation algorithm are compared with other optimisation approaches. The proposed optimisation algorithm is able to provide the best solutions for all test cases with reasonable computational time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the influence of cutting conditions on performance characteristics such as fatigue strength when milling with an end mill. Based on an analysis of the literature, it was found that fatigue strength depends on the quality of the surface layer of the part, the irregularities of which are stress concentrators. Based on the results of experimental studies, a mathematical model was obtained that describes the relationship between roughness and the stress concentration coefficient from the cutting conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the point of view of production, it is of fundamental importance to know the cutting parameters at which the new surface of the component was created because only in this way is it possible to understand the nature and properties of the created surface. Based on the information obtained, it is then possible to improve the processes used or to create machined surfaces with, if not zero, at least a minimum number of flaws. The main purpose of the article is to create a comprehensive overview of the behavior and properties of the selected material with a focus on the prediction of roughness depending on the cutting speed and depth of cut, Vickers microhardness evaluation, assessment of cutting tool wear, and assessment of the shape and structure of the resulting chip. The achieved results are recorded in graphical and verbal form, from which the necessary conclusions are drawn. From the performed analyses, a mathematical prediction of determining the quality of the machined surface was created, which reflects changes in roughness depending on the cutting speed in the three modifications (700 m/min, 1400 m/min, and 2000 m/min). Conclusions were also drawn regarding the characteristics of the resulting chip and the wear of the cutting edges depending on the change in cutting speed. The fluctuating course of surface roughness when changing the cutting speed can be considered a significant finding—at 1400 m/min, the surface roughness was expected to have a decreasing tendency; however, it increased; a decreasing tendency was not recorded until at speeds of 1800 m/min, but during this process, the material already crept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports on how ML algorithms are employed to investigate and predict surface roughness. Experiments were executed with a CNC milling machine, using AA7075 as part material and a "TiCN" coated tool. Feed rates per tooth, cutting speeds, cut depth, and cutting fluid were studied in response to roughness average (Ra) values. In the present study, Ra was measured with contact stylus tracing. Forty-two experiments were executed: thirty-three were used in all models training and nine in tests, and an additional experiment was carried out with diverse cutting parameters to validate the preferred models. This is the first study where thirteen ML algorithms, of which seven are basic and six are ensemble models, have been studied in the context of surface roughness. The study results showed that the voting regression model was the best model according to performance metrics (R2= 0.97, RAE = 0.17, RMSE = 0.0325, MAE = 0.13, and RSE = 0.09) and deviation 5.66%. Manufacturing companies can employ the voting regression model to predict surface roughness to enhance manufacturing efficiency, by harmonizing cutting conditions values against surface roughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granite edge finishing through grinding is a common process in the granite processing industry, crucial for achieving the final desired shape and edge quality of products. This study focuses on the granite industry, specifically delving into the significance of grinding and polishing for improving aesthetics and extending material longevity. The experimental design entails a comprehensive factorial experiment plan involving two workpiece materials (white and black granite samples) and two cutting tool edge shapes (chamfer and concave), each with two grit sizes: G150 and G600. The cutting conditions varied and consisted of variations in spindle speeds (1500, 2500, 3500 rpm), feed rates (500, 1000, 1500 mm/min), and lubrication modes (wet/dry). The results uncover intricate relationships among these parameters and part quality, underscoring the pivotal role of tool geometry in achieving superior surface finishes and in controlling the cutting forces. These findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the dynamic interplay between tool characteristics, material properties, and machining conditions within the granite industry.

As the existing residual film crushing device in Xinjiang cannot directly crush membrane-impurity mixed material, by analyzing the compressive and cutting force characteristics of residual film material layer and cotton stalk, the cutting conditions of mixed materials were obtained, and the method of cutting was determined. A multi-edge toothed cutters was created, and a cutting device was built. It was preliminarily determined that the number of teeth in the cutters was 8, the clearance between the teeth and between the tooth and fixed blade was 3 mm, the speed of the high-speed cutter was 800 r/min, and the speed difference between the high- and low-speed cutters was –300 r/min. Test results show that the ratio of residual film to total residual film sampling mass was (2.22±0.3)%, (19.19±2.02)%, (58.94±3.19)% and (20.65±2.05)%, respectively, when the maximum outer profile size in the range of [0,20) mm, [20,100) mm, [100,500) mm and [500,~) mm. The mass of cotton stalks with lengths of [0,50) mm, [50,100) mm and [100,~) mm accounted for (32.57±1.5)%, (27.77±1.3)% and (39.66±1.75)%, respectively, and the cutting power consumption was (85.41±15.63) kJ. The test results can provide a basis for the subsequent membrane-impurity mixed material cutting technology, as well as some guidance for the separation of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deformation of metallic materials during the machining operation requires a significant amount of energy. During the chip formation process and due to the plastic deformation of the metal and the friction along the tool-part interface, the thermal loads generated are strongly impacted by the cutting factors. Thus, the choice of optimized cutting conditions is essential to control the quality of the work required. The aim of the present experimental study is to optimize the cutting parameters using temperature measurements. The average temperature of the cutting tool is studied using a FLIR A325sc type infrared camera. Optimal cutting parameters for each performance metric were obtained using the Taguchi techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An artificial neural network is developed for predicting the surface roughness in milling materials of different hardness. Experimental data are used to train the network. Experimental data for the attainable surface roughness in milling are analyzed for different cutting conditions (speed and supply) and different groups of materials (aluminum, structural steel, stainless steel, heat-resistant steel), and the basic patterns are noted. Families of graphs illustrate the results for the surface roughness. The characteristics of the neural network trained using data from various researchers are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resource-efficient technologies for cutting sheet materials allow for the contours of cut-off details to be overlapped. This includes the Intermittent Cutting Problem and the Endpoint Cutting Problem. This paper reviews mathematical models of such resource-efficient cutting processes and suggests algorithms for defining the cutter route under technological constraints. As soon as a cutting plan is given, optimisation with shortening the total length of idle passes. No information of the detail shape is required to define the sequence of detail cutting. This is why all curves without self-intersections and contiguities that are a constituent part of detail boundaries may be interpreted as edges of the plane graph G, and all points of intersection and contiguity may be interpreted as vertices of the graph G. Up to homeomorphism, plane graph G can be represented by a list of edges with incident vertices and faces . This allows the restrictions of the planed cutter trajectory to be formalised in terms of graph theory. A series of algorithms for constructing the permitted route in the plane graph G as an image of the cutting plan is suggested. The constructed route for the graph G can be interpreted as a tool trajectory for the cutting plan which is the inverse image of graph G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mobile system for machining holes in pipeline equipment is described. The static displacements of its functional components due to the working loads are subjected to engineering analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work we consider models for estimating the roughness of machine parts with wear-resistant surfaces during turning. A model for estimating roughness was proposed that allows establishing the relationship among the value of surface roughness of a gas-thermal coating obtained during turning with cutting conditions, the geometric parameters of the cutter, and the properties of the materials of the workpiece and the tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the machining of long and narrow surfaces and when processing multiple pieces, planing technology is used, the productivity of which can be higher than that of milling, although it is relatively slow machining. The article aims to study the degree of influence of the geometry of the tool (the angle of cutting-edge inclination and the angle of the tool-orthogonal rake), as well as the cutting conditions (cutting depth and cutting speed) on the chip characteristics (temperature and microhardness) in orthogonal and oblique slow-rate machining of steel 1.0503 (EN C45). The experiments were carried out on specially prepared workpieces designed for immediate stopping of machining. The results of the experiments were statistically processed, and behavioural models were created for temperature and Vickers microhardness of chips for individual combinations of factors. The obtained dependencies revealed how the geometry of the cutting tool and the cutting conditions affect the temperature and microhardness in the cutting area and at the same time allowed the best conditions for both orthogonal and oblique machining to be set up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The approach presented in this paper addresses the machining process optimization problem through realistic modeling of multi-pass operations. It is designed to determine, at the same time, the number of passes and the cutting conditions of each. This is a multi-objective optimization model that simultaneously minimizes the production rate and the used tool life under all technological and organizational constraints based on fundamental cutting laws. The posterior selection of a solution is made from a Pareto front generated by a multi-objective particle swarm algorithm based on the concept of dynamic neighborhood. In an example application which consists in determining the cutting conditions for a turning operation, using this approach has provided a rich set of Pareto optimal solutions that represents all possible compromises. This set offers, normally, all the information needed for the optimal selection of cutting conditions. Despite the complexity of treated problem, the analysis of the obtained results demonstrates the effectiveness of the developed approach. Thus, it presents the possibility of using this approach for other problems from industry.

From the point of view of production, it is of fundamental importance to know the cutting parameters at which the new surface of the component was created because only in this way is it possible to understand the nature and properties of the created surface. Based on the information obtained, it is then possible to improve the processes used or to create machined surfaces with, if not zero, at least a minimum number of flaws. The main purpose of the article is to create a comprehensive overview of the behavior and properties of the selected material with a focus on the prediction of roughness depending on the cutting speed and depth of cut, Vickers microhardness evaluation, assessment of cutting tool wear, and assessment of the shape and structure of the resulting chip. The achieved results are recorded in graphical and verbal form, from which the necessary conclusions are drawn. From the performed analyses, a mathematical prediction of determining the quality of the machined surface was created, which reflects changes in roughness depending on the cutting speed in the three modifications (700 m/min, 1400 m/min, and 2000 m/min). Conclusions were also drawn regarding the characteristics of the resulting chip and the wear of the cutting edges depending on the change in cutting speed. The fluctuating course of surface roughness when changing the cutting speed can be considered a significant finding—at 1400 m/min, the surface roughness was expected to have a decreasing tendency; however, it increased; a decreasing tendency was not recorded until at speeds of 1800 m/min, but during this process, the material already crept.

An algorithm is proposed for automated assignment of Sandvik codes to Russian structural steels. The initial data employed are the steel's specification and data from an ASKON electronic handbook (Materials and Sets for KOMPAS). The algorithm is incorporated in an integrated CAM system for the KOMPAS platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to provide scientific guidance for Wood-plastic composite(WPC) helical milling, this paper studied the effects of cutting parameters and tool parameters on cutting force and surface quality in WPC machining with diamond tools. Multiple linear regression model and response surface method are used to evaluate three factors, namely-spindle speed, cutting depth and tool helical angle when the feed speed is fixed at 5 m/min. The applicability of the model is predicted and verified respectively in a given range, and the change law of cutting force and surface quality in helical milling is predicted accurately. The results show that the cutting force increases with the increase of the three factors. The surface quality only increases with the increase of the spindle speed. The optimum conditions for low cutting force and excellent surface quality are: spindle speed is 6254 r/min, the feed speed is 5 m/min, the cutting depth is 0.5 mm, and the tool helical angle is 54°. These parameters are recommended to be used in actual WPC machining to improve cutting efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to predict the CNC cutting conditions for the best wood surface quality, energy, and time savings using artificial neural network (ANN) models. In the CNC process, walnut, and ash wood were used as materials, while three different cutting tool diameters (3 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm), spindle speed (12000 rpm, 15000 rpm, and 18000 rpm), and feed rate (3 m/min, 6 m/min, and 9 m/min) were determined as cutting conditions. After the cutting processes were completed with the CNC machine, energy consumption and processing time were determined for all groups. Surface roughness and wettability tests were performed on the processed wood samples, and their surface qualities were determined. The experimentally obtained data were analysed in ANN, and the models with the best performance were obtained. By using these prediction models, optimum cutting conditions were determined. Using the findings of the study, the optimum cutting condition values can be determined for walnut and ash wood with the smoothest and best wettable surface. Furthermore, in CNC processes using such materials, minimum energy consumption and shorter processing time can be obtained with optimum cutting conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In machining, the cutting performance of the tool depends on the tool material, tool structure, tool geometry, properties of workpiece materials, and cutting conditions. If the user chooses an inappropriate cutting tool for the machining of the workpiece material, this will cause energy loss and severe tool wear. This study aims to investigate the influence of mechanical properties of workpiece material and cutting conditions on the tool geometry and to establish a polynomial network for the prediction of a reasonable normal relief angle and a normal wedge angle based on experimental data. Experimental results indicate that the cutting of high hardness and high strength workpiece materials requires a larger normal wedge angle to increase the cutting edge strength. In addition, the design of the normal relief angle is related to Young's modulus and the toughness of the workpiece material, mainly to avoid material elastic recovery during the cutting process. In terms of cutting parameters, as the radial depth of cut increases, the contact area between the tool and the chip increases, which causes the heat to concentrate at the tip of the tool; hence, it is necessary to increase the normal wedge angle. In addition, the feed per tooth had a negligible effect on the normal wedge angle. Finally, the prediction model was verified by five untested workpiece materials. The results of the cutting tests showed that the flatness of the cutting edge was less than 15 µm, which indicates that a normal cutting phenomenon occurred on the flank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Titanium alloys are valuable materials in the manufacturing industry. They are applied to develop major parts in the aerospace, automobile, and aeronautic industry. The major challenge faced by the manufacturer is the ability to cut Titanium alloys to the specific shape desired. The influence of nanoparticles as an additive to the mineral oil is vital in the machining of Titanium alloys to reduce vibration and friction, leading to high wear in the cutting tool. The quest for a sustainable and reliable method to minimize tool wear and increase efficiency has led to the nano-lubricants application during metal machining. Therefore, this research focus on the impact of three machining cutting conditions on TI-6AL-4V-ELI during face-milling operations. The Taguchi experimental design method was employed to study the machining factors effects on the tool wear by varies the machining factors, such as Cutting speed: 2000 rpm, 2500 rpm, and 3000 rpm, Feed rate: 150 mm/min, 200 mm/min, 250 mm/min, Depth of Cut: 0.3 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.9 mm and the cutting conditions: dry, mineral oil and Titanium Oxide (TiO2) nano-lubricant to study their effects on the Carbide Insert cutting tool wear minimization for improving workpiece's machinability. This research also studies the interactions of the machining factors on the tool wear under the three lubrication cutting conditions. The findings confirm that the state of TiO2 nano-lubricants decreased the tool wear for all the experimental runs. The signal-to-noise ratio results from the Taguchi design show that the cutting condition has a significant role in having 5.794. The cutting speed of 2.145, the feed rate of 0.789, and the depth of cut were 0.724. Furthermore, the generated model could predict the cutting tool wear rate with 97%, proving that the experimental result is viable for application in the manufacturing industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this present work use a genetic algorithm for the selection of cutting conditions in milling operation such as cutting speed, feed and depth of cut to investigate the optimal value and the effects of it on the material removal rate and tool wear. The material selected for this work was Ti-6Al-4V Alloy using H13A carbide as a cutting tool. Two objective functions have been adopted gives minimum tool wear and maximum material removal rate that is simultaneously optimized. Finally, it does conclude from the results that the optimal value of cutting speed is (1992.601m/min), depth of cut is (1.55mm) and feed is (148.203mm/rev) for the present work.

The accuracy of a mathematical model describing the influence of the cutting conditions on the surface roughness of stellite in turning is investigated. The literature on the roughness of stellite is analyzed. Experimental data are selected to verify the accuracy of the proposed model. Criteria for assessing the accuracy are determined. The influence of the cutter's vertex angle on the surface roughness of the machined alloy is compensated. On the basis of the results, the deficiencies of the model are identified and directions for improvement are noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In machining a guide by means of a set of broaches, the productivity may be considerably increased when the workpiece has stable dimensions and small margins and the material is efficiently used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental work is carried out to determine the effect of hardening of centrifugally cast blanks by fine carbide particles. The machinability of blanks, the life, and the deformation of the cutting tool are analyzed. The dependences of the tool life on the cutting speed and force and the cutting depth in the blanks are experimentally obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of cutting conditions on the tribotechnical characteristics and wear resistance of cutting tools with and without TiB2 coating during processing of a TiAl6V4 alloyed titanium alloy has been investigated. It was found that when processing TiAl6V4 alloy, the efficiency of a TiB2 coating on carbide cutting tools significantly depends on the cutting conditions. Wear estimates in combination with XPS and SEM studies of worn surfaces show that TiB2 coated tools are most efficiently used for rough turning at low cutting speeds (45 m/min) and a large depth of cut (2 mm) under conditions of intense build-up. It is assumed that this is due to the formation of thermal barrier films of TiC, as well as a large amount of tribooxide B2O3, which serves as a liquid lubricant. During finishing (the finishing operation) at higher cutting speeds (80 and 150 m/min), when crater wear on the front surface of the cutter prevails, the wear resistance of the coated and uncoated tools is practically the same. This indicates that there is no one-size-fits-all solution for different machining conditions of alloyed titanium alloy when different wear mechanisms dominate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method is developed for optimizing the tool distribution within a multispindle automatic lathe on the basis of a mathematical model in which the influence of tools at longitudinal and transverse supports on the dimensional precision is taken into account. That permits calculation of the tool distribution over the positions within the lathe so as to ensure maximum machining productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]