14 results on '"Cuthbertson, Z."'
Search Results
2. Long-term clinical and surrogate marker effects of subcutaneous intermittent interleukin-2 without antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients
- Author
-
Herzmann, C., Cuthbertson, Z., Fosdick, L., Fisher, M., Nelson, M., Perry, N., Law, M., Wand, H., Janossy, G., Johnson, M. A., and Youle, M.
- Published
- 2008
3. Development and validation of a risk score for chronic kidney disease in HIV infection using prospective cohort data from the D:A:D study
- Author
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Mocroft, Amanda, Lundgren, Jens D., Ross, Michael, Law, Matthew, Reiss, Peter, Kirk, Ole, Smith, Colette, Wentworth, Deborah, Neuhaus, Jacqueline, Fux, Christoph A., Moranne, Olivier, Morlat, Phillipe, Johnson, Margaret A., Ryom, Lene, Lundgren, J. D., Powderly, B., Shortman, N., Moecklinghoff, C., Reilly, G., Franquet, X., Sabin, C. A., Phillips, A., Kirk, O., Reiss, P., Weber, R., Pradier, C., Law, M., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Dabis, F., El-Sadr, W. M., De Wit, S., Ryom, L., Kamara, D., Smith, C., Mocroft, A., Tverland, J., Mansfeld, M., Nielsen, J., Raben, D., Salbøl Brandt, R., Rickenbach, M., Fanti, I., Krum, E., Hillebregt, M., Geffard, S., Sundström, A., Delforge, M., Fontas, E., Torres, F., Mcmanus, H., Wright, S., Kjær, J., Sjøl, A., Meidahl, P., Helweg-Larsen, J., Schmidt Iversen, J., Ross, M., Fux, C. A., Morlat, P., Moranne, O., Kesselring, A. M., Kamara, D. A., Friis-Møller, N., Kowalska, J., Sabin, C., Bruyand, M., Bower, M., Fätkenheuer, G., Donald, A., Grulich, A., Prins, J. M., Kuijpers, T. W., Scherpbier, H. J., van der Meer, J. T. M., Wit, F. W. M. N., Godfried, M. H., van der Poll, T., Nellen, F. J. B., Geerlings, S. E., van Vugt, M., Pajkrt, D., Bos, J. C., Wiersinga, W. J., van der Valk, M., Goorhuis, A., Hovius, J. W., van Eden, J., Henderiks, A., van Hes, A. M. H., Mutschelknauss, M., Nobel, H. E., Pijnappel, F. J. J., Westerman, A. M., Jurriaans, S., Back, N. K. T., Zaaijer, H. L., Berkhout, B., Cornelissen, M. T. E., Schinkel, C. J., Thomas, X. V., van den Berge, M., Stegeman, A., Baas, S., Hage de Looff, L., Versteeg, D., Pronk, M. J. H., Ammerlaan, H. S. M., Korsten-Vorstermans, E. M. H. M., de Munnik, E. S., Jansz, A. R., Tjhie, J., Wegdam, M. C. A., Deiman, B., Scharnhorst, V., van der Plas, A., Weijsenfeld, A. M., van der Ende, M. E., de Vries-Sluijs, T. E. M. S., C. M. van Gorp, E., Schurink, C. A. M., Nouwen, J. L., Verbon, A., Rijnders, B. J. A., Bax, H. I., Hassing, R. J., van der Feltz, M., Bassant, N., van Beek, J. E. A., Vriesde, M., van Zonneveld, L. M., de Oude-Lubbers, A., van den Berg-Cameron, H. J., Bruinsma-Broekman, F. B., de Groot, J., de Zeeuw- de Man, M., Broekhoven-Kruijne, M. J., Schutten, M., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., Boucher, C. A. B., Driessen, G. J. A., van Rossum, A. M. C., van der Knaap, L. C., Visser, E., Branger, J., H. M. Duijf-van de Ven, C. J., Schippers, E. F., van Nieuwkoop, C., Brimicombe, R. W., van IJperen, J. M., van der Hut, G., Franck, P. F. H., van Eeden, A., Brokking, W., Groot, M., Damen, M., Kwa, I. S., Groeneveld, P. H. P., Bouwhuis, J. W., van den Berg, J. F., van Hulzen, A. G. W., van der Bliek, G. L., Bor, P. C. J., Bloembergen, P., Wolfhagen, M. J. H. M., Ruijs, G. J. H. M., van Lelyveld, S. F. L., Soetekouw, R., Hulshoff, N., van der Prijt, L. M. M., Schoemaker, M., Bermon, N., van der Reijden, W. A., Jansen, R., Herpers, B. L., Veenendaal, D., Kroon, F. P., Arend, S. M., de Boer, M. G. J., Bauer, M. P., Jolink, H., Vollaard, A. M., Dorama, W., Moons, C., Claas, E. C. J., Kroes, A. C. M., den Hollander, J. G., Pogany, K., Kastelijns, M., Smit, J. V., Smit, E., Bezemer, M., van Niekerk, T., Pontesilli, O., Lowe, S. H., Oude Lashof, A., Posthouwer, D., Ackens, R. P., Schippers, J., Vergoossen, R., Weijenberg Maes, B., Savelkoul, P. H. M., Loo, I. H., Weijer, S., El Moussaoui, R., Heitmuller, M., Kortmann, W., van Twillert, G., Cohen Stuart, J. W. T., Diederen, B. M. W., Pronk, D., van Truijen-Oud, F. A., Leyten, E. M. S., Gelinck, L. B. S., van Hartingsveld, A., Meerkerk, C., Wildenbeest, G. S., Mutsaers, J. A. E. M., Jansen, C. L., van Vonderen, M. G. A., van Houte, D. P. F., Dijkstra, K., Faber, S., Weel, J., Kootstra, G. J., Delsing, C. E., van der Burg-van de Plas, M., Heins, H., Lucas, E., Brinkman, K., Frissen, P. H. J., Blok, W. L., Schouten, W. E. M., Bosma, A. S., Brouwer, C. J., Geerders, G. F., Hoeksema, K., Kleene, M. J., van der Meché, I. B., Toonen, A. J. M., Wijnands, S., van Ogtrop, M. L., Koopmans, P. P., Keuter, M., van der Ven, A. J. A. M., ter Hofstede, H. J. M., Dofferhoff, A. S. M., van Crevel, R., Albers, M., Bosch, M. E. W., Grintjes-Huisman, K. J. T., Zomer, B. J., Stelma, F. F., Burger, D., Richter, C., van der Berg, J. P., Gisolf, E. H., ter Beest, G., van Bentum, P. H. M., Langebeek, N., Tiemessen, R., Swanink, C. M. A., Veenstra, J., Lettinga, K. D., Spelbrink, M., Sulman, H., Witte, E., Peerbooms, P. G. H., Mulder, J. W., Vrouenraets, S. M. E., Lauw, F. N., van Broekhuizen, M. C., Paap, H., Vlasblom, D. J., Oudmaijer Sanders, E., Smits, P. H. M., Rosingh, A. W., Verhagen, D. W. M., Geilings, J., van Kasteren, M. E. E., Brouwer, A. E., de Kruijf-van de Wiel, B. A. F. M., Kuipers, M., Santegoets, R. M. W. J., van der Ven, B., Marcelis, J. H., G. M. Buiting, A., Kabel, P. J., Bierman, W. F. W., Sprenger, H. G., Scholvinck, E. H., van Assen, S., Wilting, K. R., Stienstra, Y., de Groot-de Jonge, H., van der Meulen, P. A., de Weerd, D. A., Niesters, H. G. M., Riezebos-Brilman, A., van Leer-Buter, C. C., Hoepelman, A. I. M., Schneider, M. M. E., Mudrikova, T., Ellerbroek, P. M., Oosterheert, J. J., Arends, J. E., Barth, R. E., Wassenberg, M. W. M., van Elst-Laurijssen, D. H. M., Laan, L. M., van Oers-Hazelzet, E. E. B., Patist, J., Vervoort, S., Nieuwenhuis, H. E., Frauenfelder, R., Schuurman, R., Verduyn-Lunel, F., Wensing, A. M. J., Peters, E. J. G., van Agtmael, M. A., Perenboom, R. M., Bomers, M., de Vocht, J., Elsenburg, L. J. M., Pettersson, A. M., Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C. M. J. E., Ang, C. W., Geelen, S. P. M., Wolfs, T. F. W., Bont, L. J., Nauta, N., Bezemer, D. O., Gras, L., van Sighem, A. I., Smit, C., Zaheri, S., Kimmel, V., Tong, Y., Lascaris, B., van den Boogaard, R., Hoekstra, P., de Lang, A., Berkhout, M., Grivell, S., Jansen, A., de Groot, L., van den Akker, M., Bergsma, D., Lodewijk, C., Meijering, R., Peeck, B., Raethke, M., Ree, C., Regtop, R., Ruijs, Y., Schoorl, M., Tuijn, E., Veenenberg, L., Woudstra, T., Bakker, Y., de Jong, A., Broekhoven, M., Claessen, E., Rademaker, M. J., Munjishvili, L., Kruijne, E., Tuk, B., Bonnet, F., Dupon, M., Chêne, G., Breilh, D., Fleury, H., Malvy, D., Mercié, P., Pellegrin, I., Neau, D., Pellegrin, J. L., Bouchet, S., Gaborieau, V., Lacoste, D., Tchamgoué, S., Thiébaut, R., Lawson-Ayayi, S., Wittkop, L., Bernard, N., Hessamfar, M., Vandenhende, M. A., Dauchy, F. A., Dutronc, H., Longy-Boursier, M., Duffau, P., Roger Schmeltz, J., Pistone, T., Receveur, M. C., Cazanave, C., Ochoa, A., Vareil, M. O., Viallard, J. F., Greib, C., Lazaro, E., Lafon, M. E., Reigadas, S., Trimoulet, P., Molimard, M., Titier, K., Moreau, J. F., Haramburu, F., Miremont-Salamé, G., Dupont, A., Gerard, Y., Caunègre, L., André, K., Bonnal, F., Farbos, S., Gemain, M. C., Ceccaldi, J., De Witte, S., Courtault, C., Monlun, E., Lataste, P., Meraud, J. P., Chossat, I., Blaizeau, M. J., Conte, V., Decoin, M., Delaune, J., Delveaux, S., Diarra, F., D'Ivernois, C., Frosch, A., Hannapier, C., Lenaud, E., Leleux, O., Le Marec, F., Leray, J., Louis, I., Palmer, G., Pougetoux, A., Sicard, X., Touchard, D., Uwamaliya-Nziyumvira, B., Petoumenos, K., Bendall, C., Moore, R., Edwards, S., Hoy, J., Watson, K., Roth, N., Nicholson, J., Bloch, M., Franic, T., Baker, D., Vale, R., Carr, A., Cooper, D., Chuah, J., Ngieng, M., Nolan, D., Skett, J., Calvo, G., Mateu, S., Domingo, P., Sambeat, M. A., Gatell, J., Del Cacho, E., Cadafalch, J., Fuster, M., Codina, C., Sirera, G., Vaqué, A., Dewit, S., Clumeck, N., Necsoi, C., Gennotte, A. F., Gerard, M., Kabeya, K., Konopnicki, D., Libois, A., Martin, C., Payen, M. C., Semaille, P., Van Laethem, Y., Neaton, J., Bartsch, G., Thompson, G., Wentworth, D., Luskin-Hawk, R., Telzak, E., Abrams, D. I., Cohn, D., Markowitz, N., Arduino, R., Mushatt, D., Friedland, G., Perez, G., Tedaldi, E., Fisher, E., Gordin, F., Crane, L. R., Sampson, J., Baxter, J., Lundgren, J., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Grint, D., Podlekareva, D., Peters, L., Reekie, J., Fischer, A. H., Losso, M., Elias, C., Vetter, N., Zangerle, R., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Mitsura, V. M., Suetnov, O., Colebunders, R., Vandekerckhove, L., Hadziosmanovic, V., Kostov, K., Begovac, J., Machala, L., Jilich, D., Sedlacek, D., Kronborg, G., Benfield, T., Larsen, M., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Hansen, A. -B. E., Skinhøj, P., Pedersen, C., Ostergaard, L., Zilmer, K., Smidt, J., Ristola, M., Katlama, C., Viard, J. -P., Girard, P. -M., Livrozet, J. M., Vanhems, P., Rockstroh, J., Schmidt, R., van Lunzen, J., Degen, O., Stellbrink, H. J., Staszewski, S., Bickel, M., Kosmidis, J., Gargalianos, P., Xylomenos, G., Perdios, J., Panos, G., Filandras, A., Karabatsaki, E., Sambatakou, H., Banhegyi, D., Mulcahy, F., Yust, I., Turner, D., Burke, M., Pollack, S., Hassoun, G., Maayan, S., Vella, S., Esposito, R., Mazeu, I., Mussini, C., Arici, C., Pristera, R., Mazzotta, F., Gabbuti, A., Vullo, V., Lichtner, M., Chirianni, A., Montesarchio, E., Gargiulo, M., Antonucci, G., Testa, A., Narciso, P., Vlassi, C., Zaccarelli, M., Lazzarin, A., Castagna, A., Gianotti, N., Galli, M., Ridolfo, A., d’Arminio Monforte, A., Rozentale, B., Zeltina, I., Chaplinskas, S., Hemmer, R., Staub, T., Ormaasen, V., Maeland, A., Bruun, J., Knysz, B., Gasiorowski, J., Horban, A., Bakowska, E., Grzeszczuk, A., Flisiak, R., Boron-Kaczmarska, A., Pynka, M., Parczewski, M., Beniowski, M., Mularska, E., Trocha, H., Jablonowska, E., Malolepsza, E., Wojcik, K., Antunes, F., Doroana, M., Caldeira, L., Mansinho, K., Maltez, F., Duiculescu, D., Rakhmanova, A., Zakharova, N., Buzunova, S., Jevtovic, D., Mokráš, M., Staneková, D., Tomazic, J., González-Lahoz, J., Soriano, V., Labarga, P., Medrano, J., Moreno, S., Rodriguez, J. M., Clotet, B., Jou, A., Paredes, R., Tural, C., Puig, J., Bravo, I., Gatell, J. M., Miró, J. M., Gutierrez, M., Mateo, G., Karlsson, A., Flamholc, L., Ledergerber, B., Francioli, P., Cavassini, M., Hirschel, B., Boffi, E., Furrer, H., Battegay, M., Elzi, L., Kravchenko, E., Chentsova, N., Frolov, V., Kutsyna, G., Servitskiy, S., Krasnov, M., Barton, S., Johnson, A. M., Mercey, D., Johnson, M. A., Murphy, M., Weber, J., Scullard, G., Fisher, M., Leen, C., Morfeldt, L., Thulin, G., Åkerlund, B., Koppel, K., Håkangård, C., Moroni, M., Angarano, G., Antinori, A., Armignacco, O., Castelli, F., Cauda, R., Di Perri, G., Iardino, R., Ippolito, G., Perno, C. F., von Schloesser, F., Viale, P., Ceccherini-Silberstein, F., Girardi, E., Lo Caputo, S., Puoti, M., Andreoni, M., Ammassari, A., Balotta, C., Bonfanti, P., Bonora, S., Borderi, M., Capobianchi, R., Ceccherini- Silberstein, F., Cingolani, A., Cinque, P., De Luca, A., Di Biagio, A., Gori, A., Guaraldi, G., Lapadula, G., Madeddu, G., Maggiolo, F., Marchetti, G., Marcotullio, S., Monno, L., Quiros Roldan, E., Rusconi, S., Cicconi, P., Formenti, T., Galli, L., Lorenzini, P., Giacometti, A., Costantini, A., Santoro, C., Suardi, C., Vanino, E., Verucchi, G., Minardi, C., Quirino, T., Abeli, C., Manconi, P. E., Piano, P., Vecchiet, J., Falasca, K., Sighinolfi, L., Segala, D., Cassola, G., Viscoli, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Mazzarello, G., Mastroianni, C., Belvisi, V., Caramma, I., Castelli, A. P., Rizzardini, G., Ridolfo, A. L., Piolini, R., Salpietro, S., Carenzi, L., Moioli, M. C., Puzzolante, C., Abrescia, N., Guida, M. G., Onofrio, M., Baldelli, F., Francisci, D., Parruti, G., Ursini, T., Magnani, G., Ursitti, M. A., D’Avino, A., Gallo, L., Nicastri, E., Acinapura, R., Capozzi, M., Libertone, R., Tebano, G., Cattelan, A., Mura, M. S., Caramello, P., Orofino, G. C., Sciandra, M., Pellizzer, G., Manfrin, V., Dollet, K., Caissotti, C., Dellamonica, P., Roger, P. M., Bernard, E., Cua, E., De Salvador-Guillouet, F., Durant, J., Ferrando, S., Dunais, B., Mondain-Miton, V., Perbost, I., Prouvost-Keller, B., Pugliese, P., Naqvi, A., Pillet, S., Risso, K., Aubert, V., Barth, J., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H. C., Burton-Jeangros, C., Calmy, A., Egger, M., Fehr, J., Fellay, J., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H. H., Hösli, I., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kovari, H., Martinetti, G., Martinez de Tejada, B., Metzner, K., Müller, N., Nadal, D., Pantaleo, G., Rauch, A., Regenass, A., Rudin, C., Schmid, P., Schultze, D., Schöni-Affolter, F., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Taffé, P., Tarr, P., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Yerly, S., Bhagani, S., Burns, F., Byrne, P., Carroll, A., Cropley, I., Cuthbertson, Z., Drinkwater, T., Fernandez, T., Garusu, E., Gonzales, A., Grover, D., Hutchinson, S., Killingley, B., Murphy, G., Ivens, D., Johnson, M., Kinloch de Loes, S., Lipman, M., Madge, S., Marshall, N., Montgomery, H., Shah, R., Swaden, L., Tyrer, M., Youle, M., Webster, D., Wright, A., Chaloner, C., Miah, M., Tsintas, R., Burch, L., Cambiano, V., Lampe, F., Nakagawa, F., O'Connor, J., Speakman, A., Connell, M., Clewley, G., Martin, S., Thomas, M., Aagaard, B., Aragon, E., Arnaiz, J., Borup, L., Dragsted, U., Fau, A., Gey, D., Grarup, J., Hengge, U., Herrero, P., Jansson, P., Jensen, B., Jensen, K., Juncher, H., Lopez, P., Matthews, C., Mollerup, D., Pearson, M., Reilev, S., Tillmann, K., Varea, S., Angus, B., Babiker, A., Cordwell, B., Darbyshire, J., Dodds, W., Fleck, S., Horton, J., Hudson, F., Moraes, Y., Pacciarini, F., Palfreeman, A., Paton, N., Smith, N., van Hooff, F., Bebchuk, J., Collins, G., Denning, E., Duchene, A., Fosdick, L., Harrison, M., Herman-Lamin, K., Larson, G., Nelson, R., Quan, K., Quan, S., Schultz, T., Wyman, N., Carey, C., Chan, F., Courtney-Rodgers, D., Drummond, F., Emery, S., Harrod, M., Jacoby, S., Kearney, L., Lin, E., Pett, S., Robson, R., Seneviratne, N., Stewart, M., Watts, E., Finley, E., Sánchez, A., Standridge, B., Vjecha, M., Belloso, W., Davey, R., Duprez, D., Lifson, A., Pederson, C., Price, R., Prineas, R., Rhame, F., Worley, J., Modlin, J., Beral, V., Chaisson, R., Fleming, T., Hill, C., Kim, K., Murray, B., Pick, B., Seligmann, M., Weller, I., Cahill, K., Fox, L., Luzar, M., Martinez, A., Mcnay, L., Pierson, J., Tierney, J., Vogel, S., Costas, V., Eckstrand, J., Brown, S., Abusamra, L., Angel, E., Aquilia, S., Benetucci, J., Bittar, V., Bogdanowicz, E., Cahn, P., Casiro, A., Contarelli, J., Corral, J., Daciuk, L., David, D., Dobrzanski, W., Duran, A., Ebenrstejin, J., Ferrari, I., Fridman, D., Galache, V., Guaragna, G., Ivalo, S., Krolewiecki, A., Lanusse, I., Laplume, H., Lasala, M., Lattes, R., Lazovski, J., Lopardo, G., Lourtau, L., Lupo, S., Maranzana, A., Marson, C., Massera, L., Moscatello, G., Olivia, S., Otegui, I., Palacios, L., Parlante, A., Salomon, H., Sanchez, M., Somenzini, C., Suarez, C., Tocci, M., Toibaro, J., Zala, C., Agrawal, S., Ambrose, P., Anderson, C., Anderson, J., Beileiter, K., Blavius, K., Boyle, M., Bradford, D., Britton, P., Brown, P., Busic, T., Cain, A., Carrall, L., Carson, S., Chenoweth, I., Clark, F., Clemons, J., Clezy, K., Cortissos, P., Cunningham, N., Curry, M., Daly, L., D'Arcy-Evans, C., Del Rosario, R., Dinning, S., Dobson, P., Donohue, W., Doong, N., Downs, C., Edwards, E., Egan, C., Ferguson, W., Finlayson, R., Forsdyke, C., Foy, L., Frater, A., French, M., Gleeson, D., Gold, J., Habel, P., Haig, K., Hardy, S., Holland, R., Hudson, J., Hutchison, R., Hyland, N., James, R., Johnston, C., Kelly, M., King, M., Kunkel, K., Lau, H., Leamy, J., Lester, D., Leung, J., Lohmeyer, A., Lowe, K., Macrae, K., Magness, C., Martinez, O., Maruszak, H., Medland, N., Miller, S., Murray, J., Negus, P., Newman, R., Nowlan, C., Oddy, J., Orford, N., Orth, D., Patching, J., Plummer, M., Price, S., Primrose, R., Prone, I., Ree, H., Remington, C., Richardson, R., Robinson, S., Rogers, G., Roney, J., Russell, D., Ryan, S., Sarangapany, J., Schmidt, T., Schneider, K., Shields, C., Silberberg, C., Shaw, D., Smith, D., Meng Soo, T., Sowden, D., Street, A., Kiem Tee, B., Thomson, J. L., Topaz, S., Villella, C., Walker, A., Watson, A., Wendt, N., Williams, L., Youds, D., Aichelburg, A., Cichon, P., Gemeinhart, B., Rieger, A., Schmied, B., Touzeau-Romer, V., Deroo, A., O'Doherty, E., de Wit, S., De Salles Amorim, C., Basso, C., Flint, S., Kallas, E., Levi, G., Lewi, D., Pereira, L., da Silva, M., Souza, T., Toscano, A., Angel, J., Arsenault, M., Bast, M., Beckthold, B., Bouchard, P., Chabot, I., Clarke, R., Cohen, J., Coté, P., Ellis, M., Gagne, C., Gill, J., Houde, M., Johnston, B., Jubinville, N., Kato, C., Lamoureux, N., Latendre-Paquette, J., Lindemulder, A., Mcneil, A., Mcfarland, N., Montaner, J., Morrisseau, C., O'Neill, R., Page, G., Piche, A., Pongracz, B., Preziosi, H., Puri, L., Rachlis, A., Ralph, E., Raymond, I., Rouleau, D., Routy, J. P., Sandre, R., Seddon, R. T., Shafran, S., Sikora, C., Smaill, F., Stromberg, D., Trottier, S., Walmsley, S., Weiss, K., Williams, K., Zarowny, D., Baadegaard, B., Bengaard Andersen, Ã…., Boedker, K., Collins, P., Jensen, L., Moller, H., Lehm Andersen, P., Loftheim, I., Mathiesen, L., Nielsen, H., Obel, N., Petersen, D., Pors Jensen, L., Trunk Black, F., Aboulker, P., Aouba, A., Bensalem, M., Berthe, H., Blanc, C., Bornarel, D., Bouchaud, O., Boue, F., Bouvet, E., Brancon, C., Breaud, S., Brosseau, D., Brunet, A., Capitant, C., Ceppi, C., Chakvetadze, C., Cheneau, C., Chennebault, J. M., De Truchis, P., Delavalle, A. M., Delfraissy, J. F., Dumont, C., Edeb, N., Fabre, G., Foltzer, A., Foubert, V., Gastaut, J. A., Gerbe, J., Girard, P. M., Goujard, C., Hoen, B., Honore, P., Hue, H., Hynh, T., Jung, C., Kahi, S., Lang, J. M., Le Baut, V., Lefebvre, B., Leturque, N., Lévy, Y., Loison, J., Maddi, G., Maignan, A., Majerholc, C., de Boever, C., Meynard, J. 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C., Cherban, E., Conway, B., Dufour, C., Foster, A., Haase, D., Haldane, H., Klein, M., Lessard, B., Martel, A., Martel, C., Paradis, E., Schlech, W., Schmidt, S., Thompson, B., Vezina, S., Wolff Reyes, M. J., Northland, R., Hergens, L., Loftheim, I. R., Raukas, M., Justinen, J., Landman, R., Abel, S., Abgrall, S., Amat, K., Auperin, L., Barruet, R., Benalycherif, A., Benammar, N., Bentata, M., Besnier, J. M., Blanc, M., Cabié, A., Chavannet, P., Dargere, S., de la Tribonniere, X., Debord, T., Decaux, N., Delgado, J., Frixon-Marin, V., Genet, C., Gérard, L., Gilquin, J., Jeantils, V., Kouadio, H., Leclercq, P., Lelièvre, J. -D., Levy, Y., Michon, C. P., Nau, P., Pacanowski, J., Piketty, C., Salmon, D., Schmit, J. L., Serini, M. A., Tassi, S., Touam, F., Verdon, R., Weinbreck, P., Yazdanpanah, Y., Yeni, P., Bitsch, S., Bogner, J. R., Goebel, F. D., Lehmann, C., Lennemann, T., Potthof, A., Wasmuth, J. C., Wiedemeyer, K., Hatzakis, A., Touloumi, G., Antoniadou, A., Daikos, G. 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D., Beers, D., Beilke, M., Bemenderfer, D., Bernard, A., Besch, C. L., Bessesen, M. T., Bethel, J. T., Blue, S., Blum, J. D., Boarden, S., Bolan, R. K., Borgman, J. B., Brar, I., Braxton, B. K., Bredeek, U. F., Brennan, R., Britt, D. E., Bulgin-Coleman, D., Bullock, D. E., Campbell, B., Caras, S., Carroll, J., Casey, K. K., Chiang, F., Cindrich, R. B., Clark, C., Cohen, C., Coley, J., Condoluci, D. V., Contreras, R., Corser, J., Cozzolino, J., Daley, L., Dandridge, D., D'Antuono, V., Darcourt Rizo Patron, J. G., Dehovitz, J. A., Dejesus, E., Desjardin, J., Dietrich, C., Dolce, E., Erickson, D., Faber, L. L., Falbo, J., Farrough, M. J., Farthing, C. F., Ferrell-Gonzalez, P., Flynn, H., Frank, M., Freeman, K. F., French, N., Fujita, N., Gahagan, L., Gilson, I., Goetz, M. B., Goodwin, E., Guity, C. K., Gulick, P., Gunderson, E. R., Hale, C. M., Hannah, K., Henderson, H., Hennessey, K., Henry, W. K., Higgins, D. T., Hodder, S. L., Horowitz, H. W., Howe-Pittman, M., Hubbard, J., Hudson, R., Hunter, H., Hutelmyer, C., Insignares, M. T., Jackson, L., Jenny, L., Johnson, D. L., Johnson, G., Johnson, J., Kaatz, J., Kaczmarski, J., Kagan, S., Kantor, C., Kempner, T., Kieckhaus, K., Kimmel, N., Klaus, B. M., Koeppe, J. R., Koirala, J., Kopka, J., Kostman, J. R., Kozal, M. J., Kumar, A., Lampiris, H., Lamprecht, C., Lattanzi, K. M., Lee, J., Leggett, J., Long, C., Loquere, A., Loveless, K., Lucasti, C. J., Macveigh, M., Makohon, L. H., Markowitz, N. P., Marks, C., Martorell, C., Mcfeaters, E., Mcgee, B., Mcintyre, D. M., Mcmanus, E., Melecio, L. G., Melton, D., Mercado, S., Merrifield, E., Mieras, J. A., Mogyoros, M., Moran, F. M., Murphy, K., Mutic, S., Nadeem, I., Nadler, J. P., Ognjan, A., O'Hearn, M., O'Keefe, K., Okhuysen, P. C., Oldfield, E., Olson, D., Orenstein, R., Ortiz, R., Parpart, F., Pastore-Lange, V., Paul, S., Pavlatos, A., Pearce, D. D., Pelz, R., Peterson, S., Pitrak, D., Powers, S. L., Pujet, H. C., Raaum, J. W., Ravishankar, J., Reeder, J., Reilly, N. A., Reyelt, C., Riddell, J., Rimland, D., Robinson, M. L., Rodriguez, A. E., Rodriguez-Barradas, M. C., Rodriguez Derouen, V., Rosmarin, C., Rossen, W. L., Rouff, J. R., Sampson, J. H., Sands, M., Savini, C., Schrader, S., Schulte, M. M., Scott, R., Seedhom, H., Sension, M., Sheble-Hall, A., Shuter, J., Slater, L. N., Slotten, R., Smith, M., Snap, S., States, D. M., Stringer, G., Summers, K. K., Swanson, K., Sweeton, I. B., Szabo, S., Tedaldi, E. M., Telzak, E. E., Thompson, M. A., Thompson, S., Ting Hong Bong, C., Vaccaro, A., Vasco, L. M., Vecino, I., Verlinghieri, G. K., Visnegarwala, F., Wade, B. H., Weis, S. E., Weise, J. A., Weissman, S., Wilkin, A. M., Witter, J. H., Wojtusic, L., Wright, T. J., Yeh, V., Young, B., Zeana, C., Zeh, J., Savio, E., Vacarezza, M., University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Aide à la Décision pour une Médecine Personnalisé - Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie et Recherche Clinique - EA 2415 (AIDMP), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Med Microbiol, Infect Dis & Infect Prev, RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Chronic inflammatory disease and wasting, RS: CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, RS: CAPHRI - R4 - Health Inequities and Societal Participation, Interne Geneeskunde, Chemical Biology, Mocroft, A, Lundgren, J, Ross, M, Law, M, Reiss, P, Kirk, O, Smith, C, Wentworth, D, Neuhaus, J, Fux, C, Moranne, O, Morlat, P, Johnson, M, Ryom, L, Gori, A, Internal medicine, CCA - Innovative therapy, ICaR - Circulation and metabolism, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, CCA - Disease profiling, CCA - Immuno-pathogenesis, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Mocroft, Amanda, Lundgren, Jens D., Ross, Michael, Law, Matthew, Reiss, Peter, Kirk, Ole, Smith, Colette, Wentworth, Deborah, Neuhaus, Jacqueline, Fux, Christoph A., Moranne, Olivier, Morlat, Phillipe, Johnson, Margaret A., Ryom, Lene, D:a:d Study, Group, Castagna, Antonella, the Royal Free Hospital Clinic, Cohort, and the, Insight, Smart, and ESPRIT, Study, Clinicum, Department of Medicine, Herrada, Anthony, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, Other departments, Infectious diseases, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, General Internal Medicine, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dermatology, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Other Research, Anesthesiology, and Bartlett, John
- Subjects
Male ,Adult ,Age Factors ,Anti-HIV Agents ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Clinical Decision-Making ,Comorbidity ,Female ,HIV ,HIV Infections ,HIV Seropositivity ,Humans ,Incidence ,Kidney ,Middle Aged ,Prospective Studies ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Risk ,Risk Assessment ,Sex Factors ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Biochemistry ,0302 clinical medicine ,ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ,Adult, Age Factors, Anti-HIV Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Clinical Decision-Making, Comorbidity, Female, HIV, HIV Infections, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Incidence, Kidney, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Risk, Risk Assessment, Sex Factors ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Age Factor ,Chronic ,STAGE RENAL-DISEASE ,PROTEINURIA ,virus diseases ,11 Medical And Health Sciences ,General Medicine ,ASSOCIATION ,6. Clean water ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,3. Good health ,HIV/AIDS ,Medicine ,Infection ,psychological phenomena and processes ,Human ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Renal function ,NEFROPATIAS ,chronic kidney disease ,risk score model ,12. Responsible consumption ,ESPRIT study group ,03 medical and health sciences ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Clinical Research ,D:A:D study group ,Intensive care medicine ,medicine (all) ,Molecular Biology ,Royal Free Hospital Clinic Cohort ,Prevention ,Anti-HIV Agent ,medicine.disease ,Prospective Studie ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,Immunology ,Kidney Disease ,PREDICTION ,POSITIVE PERSONS ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Sex Factor ,SDG 3 – Goede gezondheid en welzijn ,Medical and Health Sciences ,GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE ,[SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology ,INSIGHT study group ,HIV Infection ,LIFE EXPECTANCY ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Renal Insufficiency ,Prospective cohort study ,Framingham Risk Score ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,adult ,age factors ,anti-hiv agents ,CD4 lymphocyte count ,clinical decision-making ,comorbidity ,female ,hiv ,hiv infections ,hiv seropositivity ,humans ,incidence ,kidney ,male ,middle aged ,prospective studies ,renal insufficiency, chronic ,risk ,risk assessment ,sex factors ,SMART study group ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Patient Safety ,Risk assessment ,Biotechnology ,Research Article ,Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE ,NO ,A:D study group [D] ,General & Internal Medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,mental disorders ,medicine ,EXPOSURE ,business.industry ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Cell Biology ,[SDV.MHEP.UN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology ,INDIVIDUALS ,Good Health and Well Being ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue for HIV-positive individuals, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development and implementation of a risk score model for CKD would allow comparison of the risks and benefits of adding potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals to a treatment regimen and would identify those at greatest risk of CKD. The aims of this study were to develop a simple, externally validated, and widely applicable long-term risk score model for CKD in HIV-positive individuals that can guide decision making in clinical practice. Methods and Findings A total of 17,954 HIV-positive individuals from the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study with ≥3 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values after 1 January 2004 were included. Baseline was defined as the first eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 after 1 January 2004; individuals with exposure to tenofovir, atazanavir, atazanavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, other boosted protease inhibitors before baseline were excluded. CKD was defined as confirmed (>3 mo apart) eGFR ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Poisson regression was used to develop a risk score, externally validated on two independent cohorts. In the D:A:D study, 641 individuals developed CKD during 103,185 person-years of follow-up (PYFU; incidence 6.2/1,000 PYFU, 95% CI 5.7–6.7; median follow-up 6.1 y, range 0.3–9.1 y). Older age, intravenous drug use, hepatitis C coinfection, lower baseline eGFR, female gender, lower CD4 count nadir, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) predicted CKD. The adjusted incidence rate ratios of these nine categorical variables were scaled and summed to create the risk score. The median risk score at baseline was −2 (interquartile range –4 to 2). There was a 1:393 chance of developing CKD in the next 5 y in the low risk group (risk score < 0, 33 events), rising to 1:47 and 1:6 in the medium (risk score 0–4, 103 events) and high risk groups (risk score ≥ 5, 505 events), respectively. Number needed to harm (NNTH) at 5 y when starting unboosted atazanavir or lopinavir/ritonavir among those with a low risk score was 1,702 (95% CI 1,166–3,367); NNTH was 202 (95% CI 159–278) and 21 (95% CI 19–23), respectively, for those with a medium and high risk score. NNTH was 739 (95% CI 506–1462), 88 (95% CI 69–121), and 9 (95% CI 8–10) for those with a low, medium, and high risk score, respectively, starting tenofovir, atazanavir/ritonavir, or another boosted protease inhibitor. The Royal Free Hospital Clinic Cohort included 2,548 individuals, of whom 94 individuals developed CKD (3.7%) during 18,376 PYFU (median follow-up 7.4 y, range 0.3–12.7 y). Of 2,013 individuals included from the SMART/ESPRIT control arms, 32 individuals developed CKD (1.6%) during 8,452 PYFU (median follow-up 4.1 y, range 0.6–8.1 y). External validation showed that the risk score predicted well in these cohorts. Limitations of this study included limited data on race and no information on proteinuria. Conclusions Both traditional and HIV-related risk factors were predictive of CKD. These factors were used to develop a risk score for CKD in HIV infection, externally validated, that has direct clinical relevance for patients and clinicians to weigh the benefits of certain antiretrovirals against the risk of CKD and to identify those at greatest risk of CKD., Editors’ Summary Background About 35 million people are currently infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. HIV destroys CD4 lymphocytes and other immune system cells, leaving infected individuals susceptible to other infections. HIV infection can be controlled, but not cured, using combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and, nowadays, the life expectancy of many HIV-positive individuals is similar to that of HIV-negative people. HIV-positive individuals nevertheless experience some illnesses more frequently than HIV-negative people do. For example, up to a third of HIV-positive individuals develop chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Persons with CKD may have an impaired effect of the filtration units in the kidneys that remove waste products and excess water from the blood to make urine, thereby leading to a reduced blood filtration rate (the estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) and waste product accumulation in the blood. Symptoms of CKD, which rarely occur until the disease is advanced, include tiredness, swollen feet, and frequent urination. Advanced stages of CKD cannot be cured, but its progression can be slowed by, for example, controlling hypertension (high blood pressure) and diabetes (two CDK risk factors) and by adopting a healthy lifestyle. Why Was This Study Done? The burden of CKD may increase among HIV-positive individuals as they age, and clinicians need to know which individuals are at high risk of developing CKD when choosing cART regimens for their patients. In addition, clinicians need to be able to identify those HIV-positive individuals at greatest risk of CKD so that they can monitor them for early signs of kidney disease. Some antiretroviral drugs—for example, tenofovir and atazanavir/ritonavir (a boosted protease inhibitor)—are associated with kidney damage. Clinicians may need to weigh the benefits and risks of giving such potentially nephrotoxic drugs to individuals who already have a high CKD risk. Here, the researchers develop and validate a simple, widely applicable risk score (a risk prediction model) for CKD among HIV-positive individuals and investigate the relationship between CKD and potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral drugs among individuals with different CKD risk score profiles. What Did the Researchers Do and Find? To develop their CKD risk score, the researchers used clinical and demographic data collected from 17,954 HIV-positive individuals enrolled in the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study who had an eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and were not taking a potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral at baseline. During 103,185 person-years of follow-up, 641 individuals developed CKD. Older age, intravenous drug use, hepatitis C coinfection, lower baseline eGFR, female gender, lower CD4 count nadir, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease predicted CKD. The researchers included these nine factors in their risk score model (which is available online) and defined three risk groups: low (risk score < 0), medium (risk score 0–4), and high (risk score ≥ 5) risk of CKD development in the next five years. Specifically, there was a 1 in 393, 1 in 47, and 1 in 6 chance of developing CKD in the next five years in the low, medium, and high risk groups, respectively. Because some patients started to use potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral drugs during follow-up, the researchers were able to use their risk score model to calculate how many patients would have to be treated with one of these drugs for an additional patient to develop CKD over five years in each risk group. This “number needed to harm” (NNTH) for patients starting treatment with tenofovir, atazanavir/ritonavir, or another boosted protease inhibitor was 739, 88, and 9 in the low, medium, and high risk groups, respectively. Finally, the researchers validated the accuracy of their risk score in two independent HIV study groups. What Do These Findings Mean? These findings provide a simple, validated risk score for CKD and indicate that the NNTH when starting potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals was low among HIV-positive individuals at the highest risk of CKD (i.e., treating just nine individuals with nephrotoxic antiretroviral drugs will likely lead to an additional case of CKD in five years). Although various aspects of the study, including the lack of data on race, limit the accuracy of these findings, these findings highlight the need for monitoring, screening, and chronic disease prevention to minimize the risk of HIV-positive individuals developing diabetes, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease, or becoming coinfected with hepatitis C, all of which contribute to the CKD risk score. Moreover, the development of a tool for estimating an individual’s five-year risk of developing CKD with or without the addition of potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral drugs will enable clinicians and patients to weigh the benefits of certain antiretroviral drugs against the risk of CKD and make informed decisions about treatment options. Additional Information Please access these websites via the online version of this summary at http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001809. Information is available from the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases on HIV infection and AIDS NAM/aidsmap provides basic information about HIV/AIDS, summaries of recent research findings on HIV care and treatment, and personal stories about living with AIDS/HIV Information is available from Avert, an international AIDS charity, on many aspects of HIV/AIDS, including personal stories about living with HIV/AIDS The World Health Organization provides information on all aspects of HIV/AIDS (in several languages), including its guidelines on the use of ART for treating and preventing HIV infection The UNAIDS World AIDS Day Report 2014 provides up-to-date information about the AIDS epidemic and efforts to halt it The UK National Health Service Choices website provides information for patients on chronic kidney disease, including some personal stories The US National Kidney Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, provides information about chronic kidney disease (in English and Spanish) A tool for calculating the CDK risk score developed in this study is available Additional information about the D:A:D study is available, Amanda Mocroft and colleagues develop and validate a model for determining risk of developing chronic kidney disease for individuals with HIV if treated with different antiretroviral therapies.
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- 2015
4. Variable impact on mortality of AIDS-defining events diagnosed during combination antiretroviral therapy : not all AIDS-defining conditions are created equal
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Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration Mocroft A, Sterne JA, Egger M, May M, Grabar S, Furrer H, Sabin C, Fatkenheuer G, Justice A, Reiss P, d'Arminio Monforte A, Gill J, Hogg R, Bonnet F, Kitahata M, Staszewski S, Casabona J, Harris R, Saag M, Chêne G, Costagliola D, Dabis F, D'Arminio Monforte A, de Wolf F, Ledergerber B, Mocroft A, Phillips A, Weller I, Sterne J, Abgrall S, Barin F, Bentata M, Billaud E, Boué F, Burty C, Cabié A, Cotte L, De Truchis P, Duval X, Duvivier C, Enel P, Fredouille Heripret L, Gasnault J, Gaud C, Gilquin J, Katlama C, Khuong MA, Lang JM, Lascaux AS, Launay O, Mahamat A, Mary Krause M, Matheron S, Meynard JL, Pavie J, Pialoux G, Pilorgé F, Poizot Martin I, Pradier C, Reynes J, Rouveix E, Simon A, Tattevin P, Tissot Dupont H, Viard JP, Viget N, Pariente Khayat A, Salomon V, Jacquemet N, Rivet A, Guiguet M, Kousignian I, Lanoy E, Lièvre L, Potard V, Selinger Leneman H, Bouvet E, Crickx B, Ecobichon JL, Leport C, Picard Dahan C, Yeni P, Tisne Dessus D, Weiss L, Salmon D, Sicard D, Auperin I, Roudière L, Fior R, Delfraissy JF, Goujard C, Jung C, Lesprit P, Desplanque N, Meyohas MC, Picard O, Cadranel J, Mayaud C, Bricaire F, Herson S, Clauvel JP, Decazes JM, Gerard L, Molina JM, Diemer M, Sellier P, Berthé H, Dupont C, Chandemerle C, Mortier E, Honoré P, Jeantils V, Tassi S, Mechali D, Taverne B, Gourdon F, Laurichesse H, Fresard A, Lucht F, Eglinger P, Faller JP, Bazin C, Verdon R, Boibieux A, Peyramond D, Livrozet JM, Touraine JL, Trepo C, Ravaux I, Delmont JP, Moreau J, Gastaut JA, Retornaz F, Soubeyrand J, Allegre T, Blanc PA, Galinier A, Ruiz JM, Lepeu G, Granet Brunello P, Esterni JP, Pelissier L, Cohen Valensi R, Nezri M, Chadapaud S, Laffeuillade A, May T, Rabaud C, Raffi F, Arvieux C, Michelet C, Borsa Lebas F, Caron F, Fraisse P, Rey D, Arlet Suau E, Cuzin L, Massip P, Thiercelin Legrand MF, Yasdanpanah Y, Pradinaud R, Sobesky M, Contant M, Montroni M, Scalise G, Braschi MC, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Pastore G, Ladisa N, Suter F, Arici C, Chiodo F, Colangeli V, Fiorini C, Carosi G, Cristini G, Torti C, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Manconi PE, Piano P, Cosco L, Scerbo A, Vecchiet J, D'Alessandro M, Santoro D, Pusterla L, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Viganò P, Mena M, Ghinelli F, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Lo Caputo S, Grisorio B, Ferrara S, Grima P, Grima PF, Pagano G, Cassola G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Toti M, Trezzi M, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Perini P, Scasso A, Vincenti A, Chiodera F, Castelli P, Scalzini A, Palvarini L, Moroni M, Lazzarin A, Rizzardini G, Caggese L, Cicconi P, Galli A, Merli S, Pastecchia C, Moioli MC, Esposito R, Mussini C, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Izzo CM, Piazza M, De Marco M, Viglietti R, Manzillo E, Colomba A, Abbadessa V, Prestileo T, Mancuso S, Ferrari C, Pizzaferri P, Filice G, Minoli L, Bruno R, Novati S, Baldelli F, Camanni G, Petrelli E, Cioppi A, Alberici F, Ruggieri A, Menichetti F, Martinelli C, De Stefano C, La Gala A, Ballardini G, Rizzo E, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Cauda R, Dianzani F, Ippolito G, Antinori A, Antonucci G, Ciardi M, Narciso P, Petrosillo N, Vullo V, De Luca A, Zaccarelli M, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Trotta MP, Noto P, Lichtner M, Capobianchi MR, Carletti F, Girardi E, Pezzotti P, Rezza G, Mura MS, Mannazzu M, Caramello P, Di Perri G, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Grossi PA, Basilico C, Poggio A, Bottari G, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D, Resta F, Loso K, Cozzi Lepri A, Battegay M, Bernasconi E, Böni J, Bucher H, Bürgisser P, Cattacin S, Cavassini M, Dubs R, Elzi L, Erb P, Fischer M, Flepp M, Fontana A, Francioli P, Gorgievski M, Günthard H, Hirsch H, Hirschel B, Hösli I, Kahlert C, Kaiser L, Karrer U, Kind C, Klimkait T, Martinetti G, Martinez B, Müller N, Nadal D, Opravil M, Paccaud F, Pantaleo G, Rickenbach M, Rudin C, Schmid P, Schultze D, Schüpbach J, Speck R, Taffé P, Tarr P, Telenti A, Trkola A, Vernazza P, Weber R, Yerly S, Gras LA, van Sighem AI, Smit C, Bronsveld W, Hillebrand Haverkort ME, Prins JM, Branger J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Gisolf J, Godfried MH, Lange JM, Lettinga KD, van der Meer JT, Nellen FJ, van der Poll T, Ruys TA, Steingrover R, Vermeulen JN, Vrouenraets SM, van Vugt M, Wit FW, Kuijpers TW, Pajkrt D, Scherpbier HJ, van Eeden A, Brinkman K, van den Berk GE, Blok WL, Frissen PH, Roos JC, Schouten WE, Mulder JW, van Gorp EC, Wagenaar J, Veenstra J, Danner SA, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen FA, Perenboom RM, Rijkeboer A, van Vonderen MG, Richter C, van der Berg J, Vriesendorp R, Jeurissen FJ, Kauffmann RH, Pogány K, Bravenboer B, ten Napel CH, Kootstra GJ, Sprenger HG, van Assen S, van Leeuwen JT, Doedens R, Scholvinck EH, ten Kate RW, Soetekouw R, van Houte D, Polée MB, Kroon FP, van den Broek PJ, van Dissel JT, Schippers EF, Schreij G, van der Geest S, Lowe S, Verbon A, Koopmans PP, Van Crevel R, de Groot R, Keuter M, Post F, van der Ven AJ, Warris A, van der Ende ME, Gyssens IC, van der Feltz M, Nouwen JL, Rijnders BJ, de Vries TE, Driessen G, van der Flier M, Hartwig NG, Juttman JR, van Kasteren ME, Van de Heul C, Hoepelman IM, Schneider MM, Bonten MJ, Borleffs JC, Ellerbroek PM, Jaspers CA, Mudrikove T, Schurink CA, Gisolf EH, Geelen SP, Wolfs TF, Faber T, Tanis AA, Groeneveld PH, den Hollander JG, Duits AJ, Winkel K, Back NK, Bakker ME, Berkhout B, Jurriaans S, Zaaijer HL, Cuijpers T, Rietra PJ, Roozendaal KJ, Pauw W, van Zanten AP, Smits PH, von Blomberg BM, Savelkoul P, Pettersson A, Swanink CM, Franck PF, Lampe AS, Jansen CL, Hendriks R, Benne CA, Veenendaal D, Storm H, Weel J, van Zeijl JH, Kroes AC, Claas HC, Bruggeman CA, Goossens VJ, Galama JM, Melchers WJ, Poort YA, Doornum GJ, Niesters MG, Osterhaus AD, Schutten M, Buiting AG, Swaans CA, Boucher CA, Schuurman R, Boel E, Jansz AF, Veldkamp A, Beijnen JH, Huitema AD, Burger DM, Hugen PW, van Kan HJ, Losso M, Duran A, Vetter N, Karpov I, Vassilenko A, Mitsura VM, Suetnov O, Clumeck N, De Wit S, Poll B, Colebunders R, Kostov K, Begovac J, Machala L, Rozsypal H, Sedlacek D, Nielsen J, Lundgren J, Benfield T, Kirk O, Gerstoft J, Katzenstein T, Hansen AB, Skinhøj P, Pedersen C, Oestergaard L, Zilmer K, Ristola M, Girard PM, Vanhems P, Rockstroh J, Schmidt R, van Lunzen J, Degen O, Stellbrink HJ, Bogner J, Kosmidis J, Gargalianos P, Xylomenos G, Perdios J, Panos G, Filandras A, Karabatsaki E, Sambattakou H, Banhegyi D, Mulcahy F, Yust I, Turner D, Burke M, Pollack S, Hassoun G, Maayan S, Chiesi A, Mazeu I, Pristera R, Gabbuti A, Montesarchio E, Gargiulo M, Iacomi F, Vlassi C, Finazzi R, Galli M, Ridolfo A, Rozentale B, Aldins P, Chaplinskas S, Hemmer R, Staub T, Bruun J, Maeland A, Ormaasen V, Knysz B, Gasiorowski J, Horban A, Prokopowicz D, Wiercinska Drapalo A, Boron Kaczmarska A, Pynka M, Beniowski M, Mularska E, Trocha H, Antunes F, Valadas E, Mansinho K, Maltez F, Duiculescu D, Rakhmanova A, Vinogradova E, Buzunova S, Jevtovic D, Mokrás M, Staneková D, González Lahoz J, Soriano V, Martin Carbonero L, Labarga P, Clotet B, Jou A, Conejero J, Tural C, Gatell JM, Miró JM, Domingo P, Gutierrez M, Mateo G, Sambeat MA, Karlsson A, Persson PO, Flamholc L, Boffi E, Kravchenko E, Chentsova N, Barton S, Johnson AM, Mercey D, Johnson MA, Murphy M, Weber J, Scullard G, Fisher M, Brettle R, Gatell J, Gazzard B, Friis Møller N, Bannister W, Ellefson M, Borch A, Podlekareva D, Holkmann Olsen C, Kjaer J, Peters L, Reekie J, Raffanti S, Dieterch D, Becker S, Scarsella A, Fusco G, Most B, Balu R, Rana R, Beckerman R, Ising T, Fusco J, Irek R, Johnson B, Hirani A, DeJesus E, Pierone G, Lackey P, Irek C, Johnson A, Burdick J, Leon S, Arch J, Helm EB, Carlebach A, Müller A, Haberl A, Nisius G, Lennemann T, Stephan C, Bickel M, Mösch M, Gute P, Locher L, Lutz T, Klauke S, Knecht G, Khaykin P, Doerr HW, Stürmer M, Babacan E, von Hentig N, Beylot J, Dupon M, Longy Boursier M, Pellegrin JL, Ragnaud JM, Salamon R, Thiébaut R, Lewden C, Lawson Ayayi S, Mercié P, Moreau JF, Morlat P, Bernard N, Lacoste D, Malvy D, Neau D, Blaizeau MJ, Decoin M, Delveaux S, Hannapier C, Labarrère S, Lavignolle Aurillac V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira B, Palmer G, Touchard D, Balestre E, Alioum A, Jacqmin Gadda H, Bonarek M, Coadou B, Gellie P, Nouts C, Bocquentin F, Dutronc H, Lafarie S, Aslan A, Pistonne T, Thibaut P, Vatan R, Chambon D, De La Taille C, Cazorla C, Ocho A, Viallard JF, Caubet O, Cipriano C, Lazaro E, Couzigou P, Castera L, Fleury H, Lafon ME, Masquelier B, Pellegrin I, Breilh D, Blanco P, Loste P, Caunègre L, Bonnal F, Farbos S, Ferrand M, Ceccaldi J, Tchamgoué S, De Witte S, Buy E, Alexander C, Barrios R, Braitstein P, Brumme Z, Chan K, Cote H, Gataric N, Geller J, Guillemi S, Harrigan PR, Harris M, Joy R, Levy A, Montaner J, Montessori V, Palepu A, Phillips E, Phillips P, Press N, Tyndall M, Wood E, Yip B, Bhagani S, Breen R, Byrne P, Carroll A, Cuthbertson Z, Dunleavy A, Geretti AM, Heelan B, Johnson M, Kinloch de Loes S, Lipman M, Madge S, Marshall N, Nair D, Nebbia G, Prinz B, Shah S, Swader L, Tyrer M, 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S, van Leeuwen, Jt, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate, Rw, Soetekouw, R, van Houte, D, Polée, Mb, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek, Pj, van Dissel, Jt, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G, van der Geest, S, Lowe, S, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Van Crevel, R, de Groot, R, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven, Aj, Warris, A, van der Ende, Me, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries, Te, Driessen, G, van der Flier, M, Hartwig, Ng, Juttman, Jr, van Kasteren, Me, Van de Heul, C, Hoepelman, Im, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Jaspers, Ca, Mudrikove, T, Schurink, Ca, Gisolf, Eh, Geelen, Sp, Wolfs, Tf, Faber, T, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, den Hollander, Jg, Duits, Aj, Winkel, K, Back, Nk, Bakker, Me, Berkhout, B, Jurriaans, S, Zaaijer, Hl, Cuijpers, T, Rietra, Pj, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W, van Zanten, Ap, Smits, Ph, von Blomberg, Bm, Savelkoul, P, Pettersson, A, Swanink, Cm, Franck, Pf, Lampe, A, Jansen, Cl, Hendriks, R, Benne, Ca, Veenendaal, D, Storm, H, Weel, J, 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Jf, Caubet, O, Cipriano, C, Lazaro, E, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Breilh, D, Blanco, P, Loste, P, Caunègre, L, Bonnal, F, Farbos, S, Ferrand, M, Ceccaldi, J, Tchamgoué, S, De Witte, S, Buy, E, Alexander, C, Barrios, R, Braitstein, P, Brumme, Z, Chan, K, Cote, H, Gataric, N, Geller, J, Guillemi, S, Harrigan, Pr, Harris, M, Joy, R, Levy, A, Montaner, J, Montessori, V, Palepu, A, Phillips, E, Phillips, P, Press, N, Tyndall, M, Wood, E, Yip, B, Bhagani, S, Breen, R, Byrne, P, Carroll, A, Cuthbertson, Z, Dunleavy, A, Geretti, Am, Heelan, B, Johnson, M, Kinloch de Loes, S, Lipman, M, Madge, S, Marshall, N, Nair, D, Nebbia, G, Prinz, B, Shah, S, Swader, L, Tyrer, M, Youle, M, Chaloner, C, Grabowska, H, Holloway, J, Puradiredja, J, Ransom, D, Tsintas, R, Bansi, L, Fox, Z, Harris, E, Hill, T, Lampe, F, Lodwick, R, Smith, C, Amoah, E, Booth, C, Clewley, G, Garcia Diaz, A, Gregory, B, Janossy, G, Labbett, W, Thomas, M, Read, R, Krentz, H, Beckthold, B, Schmeisser, N, Alquézar, A, Esteve, A, Podzamczer, D, Murillas, J, Romero, A, Agustí, C, Agüero, F, Ferrer, E, Riera, M, Segura, F, Navarro, G, Force, L, Vilaró, J, Masabeu, A, García, I, Guadarrama, M, Montoliu, A, Ortega, N, Lazzari, E, Puchol, E, Sanchez, M, Blanco, Jl, Garcia Alcaide, F, Martinez, E, Mallolas, J, López Dieguez, M, García Goez, Jf, Sirera, G, Romeu, J, Negredo, E, Miranda, C, Capitan, Mc, Olmo, M, Barragan, P, Saumoy, M, Bolao, F, Cabellos, C, Peña, C, Sala, M, Cervantes, M, Jose Amengual, M, Navarro, M, Penelo, E, Barrufet, P, Raper, Jl, Mugavero, Mj, Willig, Jh, Schumacher, J, Chang, Pw, Westfall, Ao, Cloud, G, Lin, Hy, Acosta, Ep, Colette Kempf, M, Allison, Jj, Pisu, M., Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Infectious diseases, Other departments, General Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Global Health, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, and Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention
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Male ,Infectious diseases and international health [NCEBP 13] ,Lymphoma ,030312 virology ,Esophageal candidiasis ,Cohort Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Interquartile range ,030212 general & internal medicine ,AIDS-Related ,Lymphoma, AIDS-Related ,0303 health sciences ,Mortality rate ,Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy ,Hazard ratio ,Prognosis ,3. Good health ,Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation [N4i 1] ,Infectious Diseases ,Combination ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,Infection and autoimmunity [NCMLS 1] ,Human ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prognosi ,Anti-HIV Agents ,antiretroviral therapy ,Infectious Disease ,Article ,AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infection ,03 medical and health sciences ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Drug Therapy ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,AIDS-defining event ,Proportional Hazards Models ,AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis/ mortality ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/drug ,therapy/ mortality ,Anti-HIV Agents/ therapeutic use ,AIDS-Related/diagnosis/mortality ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Poverty-related infectious diseases [N4i 3] ,Anti-HIV Agent ,medicine.disease ,mortality ,Confidence interval ,Immunology ,Proportional Hazards Model ,Cohort Studie ,business - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 80963.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The extent to which mortality differs following individual acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining events (ADEs) has not been assessed among patients initiating combination antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: We analyzed data from 31,620 patients with no prior ADEs who started combination antiretroviral therapy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate mortality hazard ratios for each ADE that occurred in >50 patients, after stratification by cohort and adjustment for sex, HIV transmission group, number of antiretroviral drugs initiated, regimen, age, date of starting combination antiretroviral therapy, and CD4+ cell count and HIV RNA load at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy. ADEs that occurred in
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- 2009
5. Development and Validation of a Risk Score for Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV Infection Using Prospective Cohort Data from the D:A:D Study
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Mocroft, A., Lundgren, J. D., Ross, M., Law, M., Reiss, P., Kirk, O., Smith, C., Wentworth, D., Neuhaus, J., Fux, C. A., Moranne, O., Morlat, P., Johnson, M. A., Ryom, L., Powderly, B., Shortman, N., Moecklinghoff, C., Reilly, G., Franquet, X., Sabin, C. A., Phillips, A., Weber, R., Pradier, C., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Dabis, F., El-Sadr, W. M., De Wit, S., Kamara, D., Tverland, J., Mansfeld, M., Nielsen, J., Raben, D., Salbol Brandt, R., Rickenbach, M., Fanti, I., Krum, E., Hillebregt, M., Geffard, S., Sundstrom, A., Delforge, M., Fontas, E., Torres, F., Mcmanus, H., Wright, S., Kjaer, J., Sjol, A., Meidahl, P., Helweg-Larsen, J., Schmidt Iversen, J., Kesselring, A. M., Friis-Moller, N., Kowalska, J., Sabin, C., Bruyand, M., Kamara, D. A., Bower, M., Fatkenheuer, G., Donald, A., Grulich, A., Prins, J. M., Kuijpers, T. W., Scherpbier, H. J., van der Meer, J. T. M., Wit, F. W. M. N., Godfried, M. H., van der Poll, T., Nellen, F. J. B., Geerlings, S. 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G., Benfield, T. L., Darbyshire, J. H., Babiker, A. G., Fleck, S. L., Collaco-Moraes, Y., Wyzydrag, L., Drummond, F. M., Connor, S. A., Satchell, C. S., Gunn, S., Delfino, M. A., Merlin, K., Mcginley, C., Neaton, J. D., George, M., Grund, B., Hogan, C., Miller, C., Roediger, M. P., Thackeray, L., Campbell, C., Lahart, C., Perlman, D., Rein, M., Dersimonian, R., Brody, B. A., Daar, E. S., Dubler, N. N., Fleming, T. R., Freeman, D. J., Kahn, J. P., Kim, K. M., Medoff, G., Modlin, J. F., Moellering, R., Murray, B. E., Robb, M. L., Scharfstein, D. O., Sugarman, J., Tsiatis, A., Tuazon, C., Zoloth, L., Belloso, W. H., Losso, M. H., Benetucci, J. A., Bogdanowicz, E. P., Cahn, P. E., Casiro, A. D., Cassetti, I., Contarelli, J. M., Corral, J. A., Crinejo, A., David, D. O., Ishida, M. T., Laplume, H. E., Lasala, M. B., Lupo, S. H., Masciottra, F., Michaan, M., Ruggieri, L., Salazar, E., Allworth, A. M., Anderson, J. S. C., Armishaw, J., Barnes, K., Chiam, A., Chuah, J. C. P., Curry, M. 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J., Barber, T. J., Brook, M. G., Care, C. D., Chadwick, D. R., Chikohora, M., Churchill, D. R., Cornforth, D., Dockrell, D. H., Easterbrook, P. J., Fox, P. A., Gomez, P. A., Gompels, M. M., Harris, G. M., Herman, S., Jackson, A. G. A., Jebakumar, S. P. R., Kinghorn, G. R., Kuldanek, K. A., Larbalestier, N., Lumsden, M., Maher, T., Mantell, J., Muromba, L., Orkin, C. M., Palfreeman, A. J., Peters, B. S., Peto, T. E. A., Portsmouth, S. D., Rajamanoharan, S., Ronan, A., Schwenk, A., Slinn, M. A., Stroud, C. J., Thomas, R. C., Wansbrough-Jones, M. H., Whiles, H. J., White, D. J., Williams, E., Williams, I. G., Acosta, E. A., Adamski, A., Antoniskis, D., Aragon, D. R., Barnett, B. J., Baroni, C., Barron, M., Baxter, J. D., Beers, D., Beilke, M., Bemenderfer, D., Bernard, A., Besch, C. L., Bessesen, M. T., Bethel, J. T., Blue, S., Blum, J. D., Boarden, S., Bolan, R. K., Borgman, J. B., Brar, I., Braxton, B. K., Bredeek, U. F., Brennan, R., Britt, D. E., Bulgin-Coleman, D., Bullock, D. E., Campbell, B., Caras, S., Carroll, J., Casey, K. K., Chiang, F., Cindrich, R. B., Clark, C., Cohen, C., Coley, J., Condoluci, D. V., Contreras, R., Corser, J., Cozzolino, J., Daley, L., Dandridge, D., D'Antuono, V., Darcourt Rizo Patron, J. G., Dehovitz, J. A., Dejesus, E., Desjardin, J., Dietrich, C., Dolce, E., Erickson, D., Faber, L. L., Falbo, J., Farrough, M. J., Farthing, C. F., Ferrell-Gonzalez, P., Flynn, H., Frank, M., Freeman, K. F., French, N., Fujita, N., Gahagan, L., Gilson, I., Goetz, M. B., Goodwin, E., Guity, C. K., Gulick, P., Gunderson, E. R., Hale, C. M., Hannah, K., Henderson, H., Hennessey, K., Henry, W. K., Higgins, D. T., Hodder, S. L., Horowitz, H. W., Howe-Pittman, M., Hubbard, J., Hudson, R., Hunter, H., Hutelmyer, C., Insignares, M. T., Jackson, L., Jenny, L., Johnson, D. L., Johnson, G., Johnson, J., Kaatz, J., Kaczmarski, J., Kagan, S., Kantor, C., Kempner, T., Kieckhaus, K., Kimmel, N., Klaus, B. M., Koeppe, J. R., Koirala, J., Kopka, J., Kostman, J. R., Kozal, M. J., Kumar, A., Lampiris, H., Lamprecht, C., Lattanzi, K. M., Lee, J., Leggett, J., Long, C., Loquere, A., Loveless, K., Lucasti, C. J., Macveigh, M., Makohon, L. H., Markowitz, N. P., Marks, C., Martorell, C., Mcfeaters, E., Mcgee, B., Mcintyre, D. M., Mcmanus, E., Melecio, L. G., Melton, D., Mercado, S., Merrifield, E., Mieras, J. A., Mogyoros, M., Moran, F. M., Murphy, K., Mutic, S., Nadeem, I., Nadler, J. P., Ognjan, A., O'Hearn, M., O'Keefe, K., Okhuysen, P. C., Oldfield, E., Olson, D., Orenstein, R., Ortiz, R., Parpart, F., Pastore-Lange, V., Paul, S., Pavlatos, A., Pearce, D. D., Pelz, R., Peterson, S., Pitrak, D., Powers, S. L., Pujet, H. C., Raaum, J. W., Ravishankar, J., Reeder, J., Reilly, N. A., Reyelt, C., Riddell, J., Rimland, D., Robinson, M. L., Rodriguez, A. E., Rodriguez-Barradas, M. C., Rodriguez Derouen, V., Rosmarin, C., Rossen, W. L., Rouff, J. R., Sampson, J. H., Sands, M., Savini, C., Schrader, S., Schulte, M. M., Scott, R., Seedhom, H., Sension, M., Sheble-Hall, A., Shuter, J., Slater, L. N., Slotten, R., Smith, M., Snap, S., States, D. M., Stringer, G., Summers, K. K., Swanson, K., Sweeton, I. B., Szabo, S., Telzak, E. E., Thompson, M. A., Thompson, S., Ting Hong Bong, C., Vaccaro, A., Vasco, L. M., Vecino, I., Verlinghieri, G. K., Visnegarwala, F., Wade, B. H., Weis, S. E., Weise, J. A., Weissman, S., Wilkin, A. M., Witter, J. H., Wojtusic, L., Wright, T. J., Yeh, V., Young, B., Zeana, C., Zeh, J., Savio, E., Vacarezza, M., and Cauda R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1498-4229)
- Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue for HIV-positive individuals, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development and implementation of a risk score model for CKD would allow comparison of the risks and benefits of adding potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals to a treatment regimen and would identify those at greatest risk of CKD. The aims of this study were to develop a simple, externally validated, and widely applicable long-term risk score model for CKD in HIV-positive individuals that can guide decision making in clinical practice. A total of 17,954 HIV-positive individuals from the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study with ≥3 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values after 1 January 2004 were included. Baseline was defined as the first eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 after 1 January 2004; individuals with exposure to tenofovir, atazanavir, atazanavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, other boosted protease inhibitors before baseline were excluded. CKD was defined as confirmed (>3 mo apart) eGFR ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Poisson regression was used to develop a risk score, externally validated on two independent cohorts. In the D:A:D study, 641 individuals developed CKD during 103,185 person-years of follow-up (PYFU; incidence 6.2/1,000 PYFU, 95% CI 5.7–6.7; median follow-up 6.1 y, range 0.3–9.1 y). Older age, intravenous drug use, hepatitis C coinfection, lower baseline eGFR, female gender, lower CD4 count nadir, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) predicted CKD. The adjusted incidence rate ratios of these nine categorical variables were scaled and summed to create the risk score. The median risk score at baseline was −2 (interquartile range –4 to 2). There was a 1:393 chance of developing CKD in the next 5 y in the low risk group (risk score < 0, 33 events), rising to 1:47 and 1:6 in the medium (risk score 0–4, 103 events) and high risk groups (risk score ≥ 5, 505 events)
- Published
- 2015
6. Does short-term virologic failure translate to clinical events in antiretroviral-naïve patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice?
- Author
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Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration, Mugavero, Mj, May, M, Harris, R, Saag, Ms, Costagliola, D, Egger, M, Phillips, A, Günthard, Hf, Dabis, F, Hogg, R, de Wolf, F, Fatkenheuer, G, Gill, Mj, Justice, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Lampe, F, Miró, Jm, Staszewski, S, Collaborators: Casabona J, Sterne J. A., Geneviè, C, del Amo, J, Fätkenheuer, G, Gill, J, Guest, J, Kitahata, M, Ledergerber, B, Mocroft, A, Reiss, P, Saag, M, Sterne, J, Sterne, Ja, Abgrall, S, Barin, F, Bentata, M, Billaud, E, Boué, F, Burty, C, Cabié, A, Cotte, L, De Truchis, P, Duval, X, Duvivier, C, Enel, P, Fredouille Heripret, L, Gasnault, J, Gaud, C, Gilquin, J, Grabar, S, Katlama, C, Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Lascaux, As, Launay, O, Mahamat, A, Mary Krause, M, Matheron, S, Meynard, Jl, Pavie, J, Pialoux, G, Pilorgé, F, Poizot Martin, I, Pradier, C, Reynes, J, Rouveix, E, Simon, A, Tattevin, P, Tissot Dupon, H, Viard, Jp, Viget, N, Pariente Khayat, A, Salomon, V, Jacquemet, N, Rivet, A, Abgral, S, Guiguet, M, Kousignian, I, Lanoy, E, Lièvre, L, Potard, V, Selinger Leneman, H, Bouvet, E, Crickx, B, Ecobichon, Jl, Leport, C, Picard Dahan, C, Yeni, P, Tisne Dessus, D, Weiss, L, Salmon, D, Sicard, D, Auperin, I, Roudière, L, Fior, R, Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C, Jung, C, Lesprit, P, Desplanque, N, Meyohas, Mc, Picard, O, Cadranel, J, Mayaud, C, Bricaire, F, Herson, S, Clauvel, Jp, Decazes, Jm, Gerard, L, Molina, Jm, Diemer, M, Sellier, P, Berthé, H, Dupont, C, Chandemerle, C, Mortier, E, de Truchis, P, Honoré, P, Jeantils, V, Tassi, S, Mechali, D, Taverne, B, Gourdon, F, Laurichesse, H, Fresard, A, Lucht, F, Eglinger, P, Faller, Jp, Bazin, C, Verdon, R, Boibieux, A, Peyramond, D, Livroze, Jm, Touraine, Jl, Trepo, C, Ravaux, I, Tissot Dupont, H, Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J, Gastaut, Ja, Retornaz, F, Soubeyrand, J, Allegre, T, Blanc, Pa, Galinier, A, Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G, Granet Brunello, P, Esterni, Jp, Pelissier, L, Cohen Valensi, R, Nezri, M, Chadapaud, S, Laffeuillade, A, Laffeuillade, J, May, T, Rabaud, C, Raffi, F, Pugliese, P, Arvieux, C, Michelet, C, Borsa Lebas, F, Caron, F, Fraisse, P, Rey, D, Arlet Suau, E, Cuzin, L, Massip, P, Thiercelin Legrand MF, Yasdanpanah, Y, Pradinaud, R, Sobesky, M, Contant, M, Montroni, M, Scalise, G, Braschi, Mc, Riva, A, Tirelli, U, Cinelli, R, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Suter, F, Arici, C, Chiodo, F, Colangeli, V, Fiorini, C, Carosi, Giampiero, Cristini, G, Torti, Carlo, Minardi, C, Bertelli, D, Quirino, T, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Cosco, L, Scerbo, A, Vecchiet, J, D'Alessandro, M, Santoro, D, Pusterla, L, Carnevale, G, Zoncada, A, Viganò, P, Mena, M, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Leoncini, F, Mazzotta, F, Pozzi, M, Lo Caputo, S, Angarano, G, Grisorio, B, Saracino, A, Ferrara, S, Grima, P, Grima, F, Pagano, G, Cassola, G, Alessandrini, A, Piscopo, R, Toti, M, Trezzi, M, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Orani, A, Perini, P, Scasso, A, Vincenti, A, Chiodera, F, Castelli, P, Scalzini, A, Palvarini, L, Moroni, M, Lazzarin, A, Rizzardini, G, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Galli, A, Merli, S, Pastecchia, C, Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R, Mussini, C, Abresci, N, Chirianni, A, Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M, De Marco, M, Viglietti, R, Manzillo, E, Nappa, S, Colomba, A, Abbadessa, V, Prestileo, T, Mancuso, S, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Filice, G, Minoli, L, Bruno, R, Novati, S, Baldelli, F, Tinca, M, Petrelli, E, Cioppi, A, Cioppi, F, Ruggieri, A, Menichetti, F, Martinelli, C, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, Ballardini, G, Rizzo, E, Magnani, G, Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, Cauda, R, Dianzani, F, Ippolito, G, Antinori, A, Antonucci, G, Ciardi, M, Narciso, P, Petrosillo, N, Vullo, V, De Luca, A, Zaccarelli, M, Acinapura, R, De Longis, P, Brandi, A, Trotta, Mp, Noto, P, Lichtne, M, Capobianch, Mr, Carletti, F, Girardi, E, Pezzotti, P, Rezza, G, Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M, Caramello, P, Di Perri, G, Sciandra, M, Orofino, Gc, Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C, Poggio, A, Bottari, G, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Pellizzer, G, Buonfrate, D, Resta, F, Loso, K, Cozzi Lepri, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, Hc, Bürgisser, P, Calmy, A, Cattacin, S, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Elzi, L, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Francioli, P, Furrer, H, Fux, C, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Hirsch, H, Hirschel, B, Hösli, I, Kahlert, Ch, Kaiser, L, Karrer, U, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Martinetti, G, Martinez, B, Martinez, N, Nadal, D, Opravil, M, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Rauch, A, Regenass, S, Rickenbach, M, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schultze, D, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Yerly, S, Gras, La, van Sighem AI, Smit, C, Prins, Jm, Branger, J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Gisolf, J, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jm, Lettinga, Kd, van der Meer JT, Nellen, Fj, van der Poll, T, Ruys, Ta, Steingrover, R, Vermeulen, Jn, Vrouenraets, Sm, van Vugt, M, Wit, Fw, Kuijpers, Tw, Pajkrt, D, Scherpbier, Hj, van Eeden, A, Brinkman, K, van den Berk GE, Blok, Wl, Frissen, Ph, Roos, Jc, Schouten, We, Mulder, Jw, van Gorp EC, Wagenaar, J, Veenstra, J, Danner, Sa, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen, Fa, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A, van Vonderen MG, Richter, C, van der Berg, J, Vriesendorp, R, Jeurissen, Fj, Kauffmann, Rh, Pogány, K, Bravenboer, B, Sprenger, Hg, van Assen, S, van Leeuwen JT, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate RW, Soetekouw, R, van Houte, D, Polée, Mb, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek PJ, van Dissel JT, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G, van der Geest, S, Lowe, S, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Van Crevel, R, de Groot, R, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven AJ, Warris, A, van der Ende ME, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries TE, Driessen, G, van der Flier, M, Hartwig, Ng, Juttman, Jr, van Kasteren ME, Van de Heul, C, Hoepelman, Im, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Jaspers, Ca, Mudrikove, T, Schurink, Ca, Gisolf, Eh, Geelen, Sp, Wolfs, Tf, Faber, T, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, den Hollander JG, Duits, Aj, Winkel, K, Back, Nk, Bakker, Me, Berkhout, B, Jurriaans, S, Zaaijer, Hl, Cuijpers, T, Rietra, Pj, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W, van Zanten AP, Smits, Ph, von Blomberg BM, Savelkoul, P, Pettersson, A, Swanink, Cm, Franck, Pf, Lampe, As, Jansen, Cl, Hendriks, R, Benne, Ca, Veenendaal, D, Storm, H, Weel, J, van Zeijl JH, Kroes, Ac, Claas, Hc, Bruggeman, Ca, Goossens, Vj, Galama, Jm, Melchers, Wj, Poort, Ya, Doornum, Gj, Niesters, Mg, Osterhaus, Ad, Schutten, M, Buiting, Ag, Swaans, Ca, Boucher, Ca, Schuurman, R, Boel, E, Jansz, Af, Veldkamp, A, Beijnen, Jh, Huitema, Ad, Burger, Dm, Hugen, Pw, van Kan HJ, Losso, M, Duran, A, Vetter, N, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Clumeck, N, De Wit, S, Poll, B, Colebunders, R, Machala, L, Rozsypal, H, Sedlacek, D, Nielsen, J, Lundgren, J, Benfield, T, Kirk, O, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Hansen, Ab, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Zilmer, K, Girard, Pm, Saint Marc, T, Vanhems, P, Dietrich, M, Manegold, C, van Lunzen, J, Stellbrink, Hj, Staszewsk, S, Bickel, M, Goebel, Fd, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, R, Kosmidis, J, Gargalianos, P, Sambatakou, H, Perdios, J, Panos, G, Filandras, A, Karabatsaki, E, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Pollack, S, Hassoun, G, Sthoeger, Z, Maayan, S, Chiesi, A, Borghi, R, Pristera, R, Mazzott, F, Gabbuti, A, Vullo, Lichtner, M, Montesarchio, E, Iacomi, F, Finazzi, R, Viksna, L, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Horban, A, Prokopowicz, D, Wiercinska Drapalo, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Antunes, F, Valadas, E, Mansinho, K, Matez, F, Duiculescu, D, Babes, V, Streinu Cercel, A, Vinogradova, E, Rakhmanova, A, Jevtovic, D, Mokrás, M, Staneková, D, González Lahoz, J, Sánchez Conde, M, García Benayas, T, Martin Carbonero, L, Soriano, V, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Conejero, J, Tural, C, Gatell, Jm, Blaxhult, A, Karlsson, A, Pehrson, P, Soravia Dunand, V, Kravchenko, E, Chentsova, N, Barton, S, Johnson, Am, Mercey, D, Johnson, Ma, Murphy, M, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Fisher, M, Brettle, R, Loveday, C, Gatell, J, Johnson, A, Vella, S, Gjørup, I, Friis Moeller, N, Bannister, W, Mollerup, D, Podlevkareva, D, Holkmann Olsen, C, Kjaer, J, Raffanti, S, Dieterch, D, Becker, S, Scarsella, A, Fusco, G, Most, B, Balu, R, Rana, R, Beckerman, R, Ising, T, Fusco, J, Irek, R, Johnson, B, Hirani, A, Dejesus, E, Pierone, G, Lackey, P, Irek, C, Burdick, J, Leon, S, Arch, J, Helm, Eb, Carlebach, A, Müller, A, Haberl, A, Nisius, G, Lennemann, T, Stephan, C, Mösch, M, Gute, P, Locher, L, Lutz, T, Klauke, S, Knecht, G, Khaykin, P, Doerr, Hw, Stürmer, M, Babacan, E, von Hentig, N, Beylot, J, Chêne, G, Dupon, M, Longy Boursier, M, Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Salamon, R, Thiébaut, R, Lewden, C, Lawson Ayayi, S, Mercié, P, Moreau, Jf, Morlat, P, Bernard, N, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Neau, D, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Delveaux, S, Hannapier, C, Labarrère, S, Lavignolle Aurillac, V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Balestre, E, Alioum, A, Jacqmin Gadda, H, Bonarek, M, Bonnet, F, Coadou, B, Gellie, P, Nouts, C, Bocquentin, F, Dutronc, H, Lafarie, S, Aslan, A, Pistonne, T, Thibaut, P, Vatan, R, Chambon, D, De La Taille, C, Cazorla, C, Ocho, A, Viallard, Jf, Caubet, O, Cipriano, C, Lazaro, E, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Breilh, D, Blanco, P, Loste, P, Caunègre, L, Bonna, F, Farbos, S, Ferrand, M, Ceccaldi, J, Tchamgoué, S, De Witte, S, Buy, E, Akagi, L, Brandson, E, Druyts, E, Gataric, Kf, Harrigan, Pr, Harris, M, Hayden, A, Lima, V, Montaner, J, Moore, D, Wood, E, Yip, B, Zhang, W, Bhagani, S, Byrne, P, Carroll, A, Cuthbertson, Z, Dunleavy, A, Geretti, Am, Heelan, B, Johnson, M, Kinloch de Loes, S, Lipman, M, Madge, S, Marshall, N, Nair, D, Nebbia, G, Prinz, B, Swaden, L, Tyrer, M, Youle, M, Chaloner, C, Grabowska, H, Holloway, J, Puradiredja, J, Ransom, D, Tsintas, R, Bansi, L, Fox, Z, Harris, E, Hill, T, Lodwick, R, Reekie, J, Sabin, C, Smith, C, Amoah, E, Booth, C, Clewley, G, Garcia Diaz, A, Gregory, B, Labbett, W, Tahami, F, Thomas, M, Read, R, Krentz, H, Beckthold, B, Faetkenheuer, G, Casabona, J, Miró, Jl, Alquézar, A, Esteve, A, Podzamczer, D, Murillas, J, Romero, A, Agustí, C, Agüero, F, Ferrer, E, Riera, M, Segura, F, Segura, G, Force, L, Vilaró, J, Masabeu, A, García, I, Guadarrama, M, Montoliu, A, Ortega, N, Lazzari, E, Puchol, E, Sanchez, M, Blanco, Jl, Garcia Alcaide, F, Martinez, E, Mallolas, J, López Dieguez, M, García Goez JF, Sirera, G, Romeu, J, Negredo, E, Miranda, C, Capitan, Mc, Olmo, M, Barragan, P, Saumoy, M, Bolaof, F, Cabellos, C, Peña, C, Sala, M, Cervantes, M, Amengual, Mj, Navarro, M, Penelo, E, Barrufet, P, Willig, Jh, Raper, Jl, Allison, Jj, Kempf, Mc, Schumacher, Je, Wes, Ao, Lin, Hy, Pisu, M, Moneyham, L, Vance, D, Bachmann, L, Davies, Sl, Berner, E, Acosta, E, King, J, Savage, K, Nevin, C, Walton, Fb, Marler, Ml, Lawrence, S, Files Kennedy, B, Batey, Ds, Patil, Ma, Patil, U, Varshney, M, Gibson, E, Guzman, A, Rinehart, D, Justice, Ac, Fiellin, Da, Bryant, K, Rimland, D, Jones Taylor, C, Oursler, Ka, Titanji, R, Brown, S, Garrison, S, Rodriguez Barradas, M, Masozera, N, Goetz, M, Leaf, D, Simberkoff, M, Blumenthal, D, Leung, J, Butt, A, Hoffman, E, Gibert, C, Peck, R, Mattocks, K, Braithwaite, S, Brandt, C, Cook, R, Conigliaro, J, Crothers, K, Chang, J, Crystal, S, Day, N, Erdos, J, Freiberg, M, Kozal, M, Gaziano, M, Gerschenson, M, Good, B, Gordon, A, Goulet, J, Kraemer, K, Lim, J, Maisto, S, Miller, P, O'Connor, P, Papas, R, Rinaldo, C, Roberts, M, Samet, J, Cohen, D, Consorte, A, Gordon, K, Kidwai, F, Levin, F, Mcginnis, K, Rambo, M, Rogers, J, Skanderson, M, and Whitsett, F.
- Published
- 2008
7. Importance of baseline prognostic factors with increasing time since initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy: collaborative analysis of cohorts of HIV-1-infected patients
- Author
-
Sterne, Jonathan A. C., May, Margaret, Sabin, Caroline, Phillips, Andrew, Costagliola, Dominique, Chêne, Geneviève, Justice, Amy C., De Wolf, Frank, Hogg, Robert, Battegay, Manuel, Monforte, Antonella D'Arminio, Gerdtkenheuer, Fa, Staszewski, Schlomo, Gill, John, Egger, Matthias, Casabona, Jordi, Dabis, Francxois, Kitahata, Mari, Leport, Catherine, Lundgren, Jens, Reiss, Peter, Saag, Michael, Weller, Ian, Beckthold, Brenda, Yip, Benita, Dauer, Brenda, Fusco, Jenifer, Lanoy, Emilie, Rickenbach, Martin, Lavignolle, Valerie, Van Sighem, Ard, Pereira, Edwige, Pezzotti, Patrizio, Schmeisser, Norbert, Billaud, E., Boué, F., Costagliola, D., Duval, X., Duvivier, C., Enel, P., Fournier, S., Gasnault, J., Gaud, C., Gilquin, J., Grabar, S., Khuong, M. A., Lang, J. M., Mary Krause, M., Matheron, S., Meyohas, M. C., Pialoux, G., Poizot Martin, I., Pradier, C., Rouveix, E., Salmon Ceron, D., Sobel, A., Tattevin, P., Tissot Dupont, H., Yasdanpanah, Y., Aronica, E, Tirard Fleury, V., Tortay, I., Abgrall, S., Guiguet, M., Lanoy, E., Leneman, H., Lièvre, L., Potard, V., Saidi, S., Vildé, J. L., Leport, C., Yeni, P., Bouvet, E., Gaudebout, C., Crickx, B., Picard Dahan, C., Weiss, L., Tisne Dessus, D., Sicard, D., Salmon, D., Auperin, I., Viard, J. P., Roudière, L., Fior, R., Delfraissy, J. F., Goujard, C., Lesprit, P. h., Jung, C., Meynard, J. L., Picard, O., Desplanque, N., Cadranel, J., Mayaud, C., Rozenbaum, W., Bricaire, F., Katlama, C., Herson, S., Simon, A., Decazes, J. M., Molina, J. M., Clauvel, J. P., Gerard, L., Sellier, P., Diemer, M., Dupont, C., Berthé, H., Saïag, P., Mortier, E., Chandemerle, C., De Truchis, P., Bentata, M., Honoré, P., Tassi, S., Jeantils, V., Mechali, D., Taverne, B., Laurichesse, H., Gourdon, F., Lucht, F., Fresard, A., Faller, J. P., Eglinger, P., Bazin, C., Verdon, R., Peyramond, D., Boibieux, A., Touraine, J. L., Livrozet, J. M., Trepo, C., Cotte, L., Ravaux, I., Delmont, J. P., Moreau, J., Gastaut, J. A., Soubeyrand, J., Retornaz, F., Blanc, P. A., Allegre, T., Galinier, A., Ruiz, J. M., Lepeu, G., Granet Brunello, P., Pelissier, L., Esterni, J. P., Nezri, M., Cohen Valensi, R., Laffeuillade, A., Chadapaud, S., Reynes, J., May, T., Rabaud, C., Raffi, F., Pugliese, P., Michelet, C., Arvieux, C., Caron, F., Borsa Lebas, F., Rey, D., Fraisse, P., Massip, P., Cuzin, L., Arlet Suau, E., Thiercelin Legrand, M. F., Sobesky, M., Pradinaud, R., Contant, M., Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Braschi, M. C., Riva, A., Tirelli, U., Cinelli, R., Pastore, G., Ladisa, N., Minafra, G., Suter, F., Arici, C., Pristera, R., Chiodo, F., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Coronado, O., Carosi, G., Cadeo, G. P., Torti, C., Minardi, C., Bertelli, D., Rizzardini, G., Melzi, S., Manconi, P. E., Piano, P., Cosco, L., Scerbo, A., Vecchiet, J., D'Alessandro, M., Santoro, D., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Citterio, P., Viganò, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Pozzi, M., Lo Caputo, S., Vullo, Vincenzo, Lichtner, Miriam, Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Saracino, A., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Cassola, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Perini, P., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Chiodera, F., Castelli, P., Scalzini, A., Palvarini, L., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, G. M., Caggese, L., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Repetto, D., Galli, A., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Moioli, M. C., Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, C. M., Piazza, M., De Marco, M., Viglietti, R., Manzillo, E., Nappa, S., Antonucci, G., Iacomi, F., Narciso, P., Zaccarelli, M., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Ferrari, C., Pizzaferri, P., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Novati, S., Baldelli, F., Tinca, M., Petrelli, E., Cioppi, A., Alberici, F., Ruggieri, A., Menichetti, F., Martinelli, C., De Stefano, C., La Gala, A., Ballardini, G., Rizzo, E., Magnani, G., Ursitti, M. A., Arlotti, M., Ortolani, P., Cauda, R., Dianzani, F., Ippolito, G., Antinori, A., D'Elia, S., Petrosillo, N., De Luca, A., Bacarelli, A., Acinapura, R., De Longis, P., Brandi, A., Trotta, M. P., Noto, P., Capobianchi, M. R., Carletti, F., Girardi, E., Pezzotti, P., Rezza, G., Mura, M. S., Mannazzu, M., Caramello, P., Di Perri, G., Soranzo, M. L., Orofino, G. C., Arnaudo, I., Bonasso, M., Grossi, P. A., Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Ebo, F., De Lalla, F., Tositti, G., Resta, F., Loso, K., Cozzi Lepri, A., Johnson, A. M., Mercey, D., Phillips, A., Johnson, M. A., Mocroft, A., Murphy, M., Weber, J., Scullard, G., Fisher, M., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H., Bürgisser, P. h., Cattacin, S., Cavassini, M., Dubs, R., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Erb, P., Fantelli, K., Fischer, M., Flepp, M., Fontana, A., Francioli, P., Hirschel, B., Soravia Dunand, V., Furrer, H., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Kaiser, L., Kind, C., Klimkait, T. h., Lauper, U., Ledergerber, B., Opravil, M., Paccaud, F., Pantaleo, G., Perrin, L., Piffaretti, J. C., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schmid, P., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Buy, E., Bronsveld, W., Hillebrand Haverkort, M. E., Reiss, P., Back, N. K. T., Bakker, M. E. G., Berkhout, B., Jurriaans, S., Cuijpers, T. h., Rietra, P. J. G. M., Roozendaal, K. J., Pauw, W., Van Zanten, A. P., Smits, P. H. M., Von Blomberg, B. M. E., Savelkoul, P., Danner, S. A., Van Agtmael, M. A., Claessen, F. A. P., Perenboom, R. M., Rijkeboer, A., Van Vonderen, M., Kuijpers, T. W., Pajkrt, D., Scherpbier, H. J., Prins, J. M., Bos, J. C., Eeftinck Schattenkerk, J. K. M., Geerlings, S. E., Godfried, M. H., Lange, J. M. A., Van Leth, F. C., Lowe, S. H., Van Der Meer, J. T. M., Nellen, F. J. B., Pogány, K., Van Der Poll, T., Ruys, T. h. A., Sankatsing, S., Steingrover, R., Van Twillert, G., Van Der Valk, M., Van Vonderen, M. G. A., Vrouenraets, S. M. E., Van Vugt, M., Wit, F. W. M. N., Veenstra, J., Van Eeden, A., Veen, J. H., Van Dam, P. S., Roos, J. C., Brinkman, K., Frissen, P. H. J., Weigel, H. M., Mulder, J. W., Van Gorp, E. C. M., Meenhorst, P. L., Mairuhu, A. T. A., Richter, C., Van Der Berg, J., Van Leusen, R., Swanink, C. M. A., Vriesendorp, R., Jeurissen, F. J. F., Franck, P. F. H., Lampe, A. S., Kauffmann, R. H., Koger, E. L. W., Bravenboer, B., Ten Napel, C. H. H., Kootstra, G. J., Schirm, J., Bennw, C. A., Sprenger, H. G., Miesen, W. M. A. J., Doedens, R., Scholvinck, E. H., Ten Kate, R. W., Van Houte, D. P. F., Polee, M., Kroes, A. C. M., Claas, H. C. J., Kroon, F. P., Van Den, Broek, Van Dissel, J. T., Schippers, E. F., Bruggeman, C. A. M. V. A., Goossens, V. J., Schreij, G., Van De Geest, S., Verbon, A., Galama, J. M. D., Melchers, W. J. G., Poort, Y. A. G., Koopmans, P. P., Keuter, M., Post, F., Van Der Ven, A. J. A. M., Doornum, G. J. J., Niesters, M. G., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., Schutten, M., Driessen, G., De Groot, R., Hartwig, N., Van Der Ende, M. E., Gyssens, I. C., Van Der Feltz, M., Den Hollander, J. G., De Marie, S., L. Nouwen, J., Rijnders, B. J. A., De Vries, T. E. M. S., Juttmann, J. R., Van De Heul, C., Van Kasteren, M. E. E., Boucher, C. A. B., Schuurman, R., Geelen, S. P. M., Wolfs, T. F. W., Schneider, M. M. E., Bonten, M. J. M., Borleffs, J. C. C., Ellerbroek, P. M., Hoepelman, I. M., Jaspers, C. A. J. J., Schouten, I., Schurink, C. A. M., Blok, W. L., Tanis, A. A., Groeneveld, P. H. P., Jansen, C. L., Hendriks, R., Veenendaal, D., Storm, H., Weel, J., Van Zeijl, J. H., Buiting, A. G. M., Swaans, C. A. M., Boel, E., Jansz, A. F., Losso, M., Duran, A., Vetter, N., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Clumeck, N., Dewit, S., Poll, B., Colebunders, R., Machala, L., Rozsypal, H., Sedlacek, D., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Hansen, A. B. E., Skinhøj, P., Nielsen, J., Lundgren, J., Benfield, T., Kirk, O., Pedersen, C., Zilmer, K., Girard, P. M., Saint Marc, T., Vanhems, P., Dabis, F., Dietrich, M., Manegold, C., Van Lunzen, J., Stellbrink, H. J., Staszewski, S., Bickel, M., Goebel, F. D., Fätkenheuer, G., Rockstroh, J., Schmidt, R., Kosmidis, J., Gargalianos, P., Sambatakou, H., Perdios, J., Panos, G., Filandras, A., Karabatsaki, E., Banhegyi, D., Mulcahy, F., Yust, I., Turner, D., Burke, M., Pollack, S., Hassoun, G., Sthoeger, Z., Maayan, S., Borghi, R., Cotugno, A. D., Gabbuti, A., Chiesi, A., Montesarchio, E., Finazzi, R., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Viksna, L., Chaplinskas, S., Hemmer, R., Staub, T., Bruun, J., Maeland, A., Ormaasen, V., Knysz, B., Gasiorowski, J., Horban, A., Prokopowicz, D., Wiercinska Drapalo, A., Boron Kaczmarska, A., Pynka, M., Beniowski, M., Mularska, E., Trocha, H., Antunes, F., Valadas, E., Mansinho, K., Matez, F., Duiculescu, D., Babes, Victor, Streinu Cercel, A., Vinogradova, E., Rakhmanova, A., Jevtovic, D., Mokráš, M., Staneková, D., González Lahoz, J., Sánchez Conde, M., García Benayas, T., Martin Carbonero, L., Soriano, V., Clotet, B., Jou, A., Conejero, J., Tural, C., Gatell, J. M., Miró, J. M., Blaxhult, A., Karlsson, A., Pehrson, P., Weber, R., Kravchenko, E., Chentsova, N., Barton, S., Brettle, R., Loveday, C., Antunes, Francisco, Blaxhult, Anders, Clumeck, Nathan, Gatell, Jose, Horban, Andrzej, Johnson, Anne, Katlama, Christine, Ledergerber, Bruno, Loveday, Clive, Vella, Stefano, Gjørup, I., Friis Moeller, N., Bannister, W., Mollerup, D., Podlevkareva, D., Holkmann Olsen, C., Kjær, J., Raffanti, Stephen, Dieterch, Douglas, Becker, Stephen, Scarsella, Anthony, Fusco, Gregory, Most, Bernard, Balu, Rukmini, Rana, Rashida, Beckerman, Robin, Ising, Theodore, Fusco, Jennifer, Irek, Renae, Johnson, Bernadette, Hirani, Ashwin, Edwinjesus, De, Pierone, Gerald, Lackey, Philip, Irek, Chip, Johnson, Alison, Burdick, John, Leon, Saul, Arch, Joseph, Helm, Eilke B., Carlebach, Amina, Axelller, Mu, Haberl, Annette, Nisius, Gabi, Lennemann, Tessa, Rottmann, Carsten, Wolf, Timo, Stephan, Christoph, Bickel, Markus, Manfredsch, Mo, Gute, Peter, Locher, Leo, Lutz, Thomas, Klauke, Stephan, Knecht, Gabi, Doerr, Hans W., Stu, Martinrmer, Von Hentig, Nils, Jennings, Beverly, Beylot, J., Chêne, G., Dupon, M., Longy Boursier, M., Pellegrin, J. L., Ragnaud, J. M., Salamon, R., Thiébaut, R., Lewden, C., Lawson Ayayi, S., Mercié, P., Moreau, J. F., Morlat, P., Bernard, N., Lacoste, D., Malvy, D., Neau, D., Blaizeau, M. J., Decoin, M., Delveaux, S., Hannapier, C., Labarrère, S., Lavignolle Aurillac, V., Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B., Palmer, G., Touchard, D., Balestre, E., Alioum, A., Jacqmin Gadda, H., Bonarek, M., Bonnet, F., Coadou, B., Gellie, P., Nouts, C., Bocquentin, F., Dutronc, H., Lafarie, S., Aslan, A., Pistonne, T., Thibaut, P., Vatan, R., Chambon, D., De La Taille, C., Cazorla, C., Ocho, A., Viallard, J. F., Caubet, O., Cipriano, C., Lazaro, E., Couzigou, P., Castera, L., Fleury, H., Lafon, M. E., Masquelier, B., Pellegrin, I., Breilh, D., Blanco, P., Loste, P., Caunègre, L., Bonnal, F., Farbos, S., Ferrand, M., Ceccaldi, J., Tchamgoué, S., De Witte, S., Alexander, Chris, Barrios, Rolando, Braitstein, Paula, Brumme, Zabrina, Chan, Keith, Cote, Helen, Gataric, Nada, Geller, Josie, Guillemi, Silvia, Richard Harrigan, P., Harris, Marrianne, Joy, Ruth, Levy, Adrian, Montaner, Julio, Montessori, Val, Palepu, Anita, Phillips, Elizabeth, Phillips, Peter, Press, Natasha, Tyndall, Mark, Wood, Evan, Bhagani, S., Byrne, P., Carroll, A., Cuthbertson, Z., Dunleavy, A., Geretti, A. M., Heelan, B., Johnson, M., Kinloch de Loes, S., Lipman, M., Madge, S., Marshall, N., Nair, D., Nebbia, G., Prinz, B., Swaden, L., Tyrer, M., Youle, M., Chaloner, C., Grabowska, H., Holloway, J., Puradiredja, J., Ransom, D., Tsintas, R., Bansi, L., Fox, Z., Harris, E., Hill, T., Lampe, F., Lodwick, R., Reekie, J., Sabin, C., Smith, C., Amoah, E., Booth, C., Clewley, G., Garcia Diaz, A., Gregory, B., Labbett, W., Tahami, F., Thomas, M., Read, Ron, Fatkenheuer, G., Schmeisser, N., Voigt, K., Wasmuth, J. C., Wohrmann, A., Infectious diseases, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, Landsteiner Laboratory, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Graduate School, Cardiology, APH - Global Health, APH - Quality of Care, AII - Infectious diseases, AII - Inflammatory diseases, and Global Health
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,AIDS ,CD4 counts ,Highly active antiretroviral therapy ,HIV ,Prognosis ,Substance abuse (intravenous) ,Adolescent ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Europe ,HIV Infections ,HIV-1 ,Humans ,Middle Aged ,North America ,Risk Factors ,Substance Abuse, Intravenous ,Survival Analysis ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Infectious Diseases ,Cost effectiveness ,Antiretroviral Therapy ,Article ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Highly Active ,Survival analysis ,Immunodeficiency ,business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,Hazard ratio ,Substance Abuse ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Physical therapy ,Intravenous ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Background: The extent to which the prognosis for AIDS and death of patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) continues to be affected by their characteristics at the time of initiation (baseline) is unclear. Methods: We analyzed data on 20,379 treatment-naive HIV-1- infected adults who started HAART in 1 of 12 cohort studies in Europe and North America (61,798 person-years of follow-up, 1844 AIDS events, and 1005 deaths). Results: Although baseline CD4 cell count became less prognostic with time, individuals with a baseline CD4 count 350 cells/μL (hazard ratio for AIDS = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0 to 2.3; mortality hazard ratio = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.5, 4 to 6 years after starting HAART). Rates of AIDS were persistently higher in individuals who had experienced an AIDS event before starting HAART. Individuals with presumed transmission by means of injection drug use experienced substantially higher rates of AIDS and death than other individuals throughout follow-up (AIDS hazard ratio = 1.6, 95% CI: 0.8 to 3.0; mortality hazard ratio = 3.5, 95% CI: 2.2 to 5.5, 4 to 6 years after starting HAART). Conclusions: Compared with other patient groups, injection drug users and patients with advanced immunodeficiency at baseline experience substantially increased rates of AIDS and death up to 6 years after starting HAART.
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- 2007
8. A study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of co-administered lopinavir/ritonavir (LPVr) and nevirapine (NVP) in HIV-infected adults
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Mahungu, TW, primary, Else, LJ, additional, Smith, CJ, additional, Cuthbertson, Z, additional, Podlekareva, D, additional, Hay, P, additional, Dragsted, UB, additional, Khoo, SH, additional, Johnson, MA, additional, Back, DJ, additional, and Youle, M, additional
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- 2008
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9. An open-label multicentre pilot study evaluating the pharmacokinetics (PK) of co-administered lopinavir (LPV) and nevirapine (NVP) in HIV+ adults
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Else, LJ, primary, Mahungu, TW, additional, Cuthbertson, Z, additional, Smith, CJ, additional, Podlekareva, D, additional, Hay, P, additional, Dragsted, UB, additional, Khoo, SH, additional, Johnson, MA, additional, Back, DJ, additional, and Youle, M, additional
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- 2008
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10. Quality of Life in Patients Treated with First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Containing Nevirapine And/Or Efavirenz
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van Leth, Frank, Conway, Brian, Laplumé, Hector, Martin, Des, Fisher, Martin, Jelaska, Ante, Wit, Ferdinand W, Lange, Joep MA, Laplumé, H, Lasala, MB, Losso, MH, Bogdanowicz, E, Lattes, R, Krolewiecki, A, Zala, C, Orcese, C, Terlizzi, S, Duran, A, Ebensrteijn, J, Bloch, M, Russell, O, Russell, DB, Roth, NR, Eu, B, Austin, D, Gowers, A, Quan, D, Demonty, J, Peleman, R, Vandercam, B, Vogelaers, D, van der Gucht, B, van Wanzeele, F, Moutschen, MM, Badaro, R, Grinsztejn, B, Schechter, M, Uip, D, Netto, EN, Coelho, SS, Badaró, F, Pilotto, JH, Schubach, A, Barros, ML, Leite, OHM, Kiffer, CRV, Wunsch, CT, Nunes, D, Catalani, A, de Cassia Alves, Lira R, Dossin, TJ, D'Alló de Oliveira, MT, Martini, S, Conway, B, de Wet, JJ, Montaner, JSG, Murphy, C, Woodfall, B, Sestak, P, Phillips, P, Montessori, V, Harris, M, Tesiorowski, A, Willoughby, B, Voigt, R, Farley, J, Reynolds, R, Devlaming, S, Livrozet, JM, Rozenbaum, W, Sereni, D, Valantin, MA, Lascoux, C, Milpied, B, Brunet, C, Billaud, E, Huart, A, Reliquet, V, Charonnat, MF, Sicot, M, Esnault, JL, Slama, L, Staszewski, S, Bickel, M, Lazanas, MK, Stavrianeas, N, Mangafas, N, Zagoreos, I, Kourkounti, S, Paparizos, V, Botsi, Ch, Clarke, S, Brannigan, E, Boyle, N, Chiriani, A, Leoncini, F, Montella, F, Francesco, L, Ambu, S, Farese, A, Gargiulo, M, Di Sora, F, Lavria, F, Folgori, F, Beniowski, M, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Halota, W, Prokopowicz, D, Bander, DB, Leszuzyszyn-Pynka, MLP, Wnuk, AW, Bakowska, E, Pulik, P, Flisiak, R, Wiercinska-Drapalo, A, Mularska, E, Witor, A, Antunes, F, Sarmento, RSE, Doroana, M, Horta, AA, Vasconcelos, O, Andrews, SM, Huisamen, CB, Johnson, D, Martin, O, Bekker, L-G, Maartens, G, Wilson, D, Visagie, CJ, David, NJ, Rattley, M, Nettleship, E, Martin, DJ, Keyser, V, Moraites, TM, Moorhouse, MA, Pitt, JA, Orrell, CJ, Bester, C, Parboosing, R, Moodley, P, Gathiram, V, Woolf, D, Bernasconi, E, Magenta, L, Cardiello, P, Kroon, E, Ungsedhapand, C, Fisher, M, Wilkins, EGL, Stockwell, E, Day, J, Daintith, RS, Perry, N, Timaeus, C, Intosh-Roffet, J Mc, Powell, A, Youle, M, Tyrer, M, Madge, S, Drinkwater, A, Cuthbertson, Z, Carroll, A, Becker, S, Katner, H, Rimland, D, Saag, MS, Thompson, M, Witt, M, Aguilar, MM, LaVoy, A, Illeman, M, Guerrero, M, Gatell, J, Belsey, E, Hirschel, B, Potarca, A, Cronenberg, M, Kreekel, L, Meester, R, Khodabaks, J, Botma, H-J, Esrhir, N, Farida, I, Feenstra, M, Jansen, K, Klotz, A, Mulder, M, Ruiter, G, Bass, CB, Pluymers, E, de Vlegelaer, E, Leeneman (VCL), R, Carlier, H, van Steenberge, E, and Hall, D
- Abstract
Objective To assess whether differences in safety profiles between nevirapine (NVP) and efavirenz (EFV), as observed in the 2NN study, translated into differences in ‘health related quality of life’ (HRQoL).Design A sub-study of the 2NN study, with antiretro-viral-naive patients randomly allocated to NVP (once or twice daily), EFV or NVP+EFV, in addition to stavudine and lamivudine.Methods Comparing differences in changes of HRQoL over 48 weeks as measured with the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV) questionnaire, using analysis of variance.Results The 2NN study enrolled 1216 patients. No validated questionnaires were available for 244 patients, and 55 patients had no HRQoL data at all, leaving 917 patients eligible for this sub-study. A total of 471 (51%) had HRQoL measurements both at baseline and week 48. The majority (69%) of patients without HRQoL measurements did, however, complete the study. The change in the physical health score (PHS) was 3.9 for NVP, 3.4 for EFV and 2.4 for NVP+EFV (P=0.712). For the mental health score (MHS) these values were 6.1, 7.0 and 3.9, respectively (P=0.098). A baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration (pVL) =100 000 copies/ml and a decline in pVL (per log10) were independently associated with an increase of PHS. An increase of MHS was only associated with pVL decline. Patients experiencing an adverse event during follow-up had a comparable change in PHS but a significantly smaller change in MHS, compared with those without an adverse event.Conclusions First-line ART containing NVP and/or EFV leads to an improvement in HRQoL. The gain in HRQoL was similar for NVP and EFV, but slightly lower for the combination of these drugs.
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- 2004
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11. Incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North America
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Costagliola, D., Dabis, F., Monforte, Ad, Wolf, F., Egger, M., Fatkenheuer, G., Gill, J., Hogg, R., Justice, A., Ledergerber, B., Lundgren, J., May, M., Phillips, A., Reiss, P., Sabin, C., Staszewski, S., Sterne, J., Weller, I., Beckthold, B., Yip, B., Dauer, B., Fusco, J., Grabar, S., Lanoy, E., Junghans, C., Lavignolle, V., Leth, F., Pereira, E., Pezzotti, P., Schmeisser, N., Billaud, E., Boue, F., Duval, X., Duvivier, C., Enel, P., Fournier, S., Gasnault, J., Gaud, C., Gilquin, J., Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Mary-Krause, M., Matheron, S., Meyohas, Mc, Pialoux, G., Poizot-Martin, I., Pradier, C., Rouveix, E., Salmon-Ceron, D., Sobel, A., Tattevin, P., Tissot-Dupont, H., Yasdanpanah, Y., Aronica, E., Tirard-Fleury, V., Tortay, I., Abgrall, S., Guiguet, M., Leneman, H., Lievre, L., Potard, V., Saidi, S., Vilde, Jl, Leport, C., Yeni, P., Bouvet, E., Gaudebout, C., Crickx, B., Picard-Dahan, C., Weiss, L., Tisne-Dessus, D., Sicard, D., Salmon, D., Auperin, I., Viard, Jp, Roudiere, L., Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C., Lesprit, P., Jung, C., Meynard, Jl, Picard, O., Desplanque, N., Cadranel, J., Mayaud, C., Rozenbaum, W., Bricaire, F., Katlama, C., Herson, S., Simon, A., Decazes, Jm, Molina, Jm, Clauvel, Jp, Gerard, L., Widal, Ghlf, Sellier, P., Diemer, M., Dupont, C., Berthe, H., Saiag, P., Mortier, L., Mortier, E., Chandemerle, C., Truchis, P., Bentata, M., Honore, P., Tassi, S., Jeantils, V., Mechali, D., Taverne, B., Laurichesse, H., Gourdon, F., Lucht, F., Fresard, A., Faller, Jp, Eglinger, P., Bazin, C., Verdon, R., Peyramond, D., Boibieux, A., Touraine, Jl, Livrozet, Jm, Trepo, C., Cotte, L., Ravaux, I., Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J., Gastaut, Ja, Soubeyrand, J., Retornaz, F., Blanc, Pa, Allegre, T., Galinier, A., Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G., Granet-Brunello, P., Pelissier, L., Esterni, Jp, Nezri, M., Cohen-Valensi, R., Laffeuillade, A., Chadapaud, S., Reynes, J., May, T., Rabaud, C., Raffi, F., Pugliese, P., Michelet, C., Arvieux, C., Caron, F., Borsa-Lebas, F., Fraisse, P., Massip, P., Cuzin, L., Arlet-Suau, E., Legrand, Mft, Sobesky, M., Pradinaud, R., Guyon, F., Contant, M., Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Braschi, Mc, Aviano, Ar, Tirelli, U., Cinelli, R., Pastore, G., Ladisa, N., Minafra, G., Suter, F., Arici, C., Chiodo, F., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Coronado, O., Carosi, G., Cadeo, Gp, Torti, C., Minardi, C., Bertelli, D., Rizzardini, G., Melzi, S., Manconi, Pe, Catanzaro, Pp, Cosco, L., Scerbo, A., Vecchiet, J., D Alessandro, M., Santoro, D., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Citterio, P., Vigano, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Pozzi, M., Lo Caputo, S., Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Saracino, A., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Cassola, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Perini, P., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Chiodera, F., Castelli, P., Scalzini, A., Palvarini, L., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, Gm, Caggese, L., Repetto, D., Galli, A., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M., Marco, M., Viglietti, R., Manzillo, E., Nappa, S., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Ferrari, C., Pizzaferri, P., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Novati, S., Baldelli, F., Tinca, M., Petrelli, E., Cioppi, A., Alberici, F., Ruggieri, A., Menichetti, F., Martinelli, C., Stefano, C., La Gala, A., Ballardini, G., Rizzo, E., Magnani, G., Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M., Ortolani, P., Cauda, R., Dianzani, F., Ippolito, G., Antinori, A., Antonucci, G., D Elia, S., Narciso, P., Petrosillo, N., Vullo, V., Luca, A., Bacarelli, A., Zaccarelli, M., Acinapura, R., Longis, P., Brandi, A., Trotta, Mp, Noto, P., Lichtner, M., Capobianchi, MR, Carletti, F., Girardi, E., Rezza, G., Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M., Caramello, P., Di Perri, G., Soranzo, Ml, Orofino, Gc, Arnaudo, I., Bonasso, M., Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Ebo, F., Lalla, F., Tositti, G., Resta, F., Loso, K., Lepri, Ac, Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Boni, J., Bucher, H., Burgisser, P., Cattacin, S., Cavassini, M., Dubs, R., Elzi, L., Erb, P., Fantelli, K., Fischer, M., Flepp, M., Fontana, A., Francioli, P., Furrer, H., Gorgievski, M., Hirschel, B., Kaiser, L., Kind, C., Klimkait, T., Lauper, U., Opravil, M., Paccaud, F., Pantaleo, G., Perrin, L., Piffaretti, Jc, Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schmid, P., Schupbach, J., Speck, R., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., Yerly, S., Bronsveld, W., Hillebrand-Haverkort, Me, Prins, Jm, Bos, Jc, Schattenkerk, Jkme, Geerlings, Se, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jma, Leth, Fc, Lowe, Sh, Meer, Jtm, Nellen, Fjb, Pogany, K., Poll, T., Ruys, Ta, Sankatsing, S., Steingrover, R., Twillert, G., Valk, M., Vonderen, Mga, Vrouenraets, Sme, Vugt, M., Wit, Fwmn, Kuijpers, Tw, Pajkrt, D., Scherpbier, Hj, Eeden, A., Ten Veen, Jh, Dam, Ps, Roos, Jc, Brinkman, K., Frissen, Phj, Weigel, Hm, Mulder, Jw, Gorp, Ecm, Meenhorst, Pl, Mairuhu, Ata, Ziekenhuis, S., Veenstra, J., Danner, Sa, Agtmael, Ma, Claessen, Fap, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A., Vonderen, M., Richter, C., Berg, J., Leusen, R., Vriesendorp, R., Jeurissen, Fjf, Kauffmann, Rh, Koger, Elw, Bravenboer, B., Ten Napel, Chh, Kootstra, Gj, Sprenger, Hg, Miesen, Wmaj, Doedens, R., Scholvinck, Eh, Ten Kate, Rw, Houte, Dpf, Polee, M., Kroon, Fp, van den Broek, Dissel, Jt, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G., Geest, Sv, Verbon, A., Koopmans, Pp, Keuter, M., Post, F., Ven, Ajam, Ende, Me, Gyssens, Ic, Feltz, M., Den Hollander, Jg, Marie, S., Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bja, Vries, Tems, Driessen, G., Groot, R., Hartwig, N., Juttmann, Jr, Heul, C., Kasteren, Mee, Schneider, Mme, Bonten, Mjm, Borleffs, Jcc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Hoepelman, Im, Jaspers, Cajj, Schouten, I., Schurink, Cam, Geelen, Spm, Wolfs, Tfw, Blok, Wl, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Php, Klinieken-Zwolle, I., Back, Nkt, Bakker, Meg, Berkhout, B., Jurriaans, S., Cuijpers, T., Rietra, Pjgm, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W., Zanten, Ap, Blomberg, Bme, Savelkoul, P., Swanink, Cma, Franck, Pfh, Lampe, As, Hendriks, R., Schirm, J., Veenendaal, D., Storm, H., Weel, J., Zeijl, H., Kroes, Acm, Claas, Hcj, Bruggeman, Camva, Goossens, Vj, Galama, Jmd, Melchers, Wjg, Poort, Yag, Doornum, Gjj, Niesters, Mg, Osterhaus, Adme, Schutten, M., Buiting, Agm, Swaans, Cam, Boucher, Cab, Boel, E., Jansz, Af, Losso, M., Duran, A., Vetter, N., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Clumeck, N., Wit, S., Poll, B., Colebunders, R., Machala, L., Rozsypal, H., Dalibor Sedlacek, Nielsen, J., Benfield, T., Kirk, O., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Hansen, Abe, Skinhoj, P., Pedersen, C., Zilmer, K., Girard, Pm, Saint-Marc, T., Vanhems, P., Dietrich, M., Manegold, C., Lunzen, J., Stellbrink, Hj, Bickel, M., Goebel, Fd, Rockstroh, J., Schmidt, R., Kosmidis, J., Gargalianos, P., Sambatakou, H., Perdios, J., Panos, G., Filandras, A., Karabatsaki, E., Banhegyi, D., Mulcahy, F., Yust, I., Turner, D., Burke, M., Pollack, S., Hassoun, G., Sthoeger, Z., Maayan, S., Chiesi, A., Borghi, R., Pristera, R., Gabbuti, A., Montesarchio, E., Iacomi, F., Finazzi, R., Viksna, L., Chaplinskas, S., Hemmer, R., Staub, T., Bruun, J., Maeland, A., Ormaasen, V., Knysz, B., Gasiorowski, J., Horban, A., Prokopowicz, D., Wiercinska-Drapalo, A., Boron-Kaczmarska, A., Pynka, M., Beniowski, M., Mularska, E., Trocha, H., Antunes, F., Valadas, E., Mansinho, K., Matez, F., Duiculescu, D., Babes, V., Streinu-Cercel, A., Vinogradova, E., Rakhmanova, A., Jevtovic, D., Mokras, M., Stanekova, D., Gonzalez-Lahoz, J., Sanchez-Conde, M., Garcia-Benayas, T., Martin-Carbonero, L., Soriano, V., Clotet, B., Jou, A., Conejero, J., Tural, C., Gatell, Jm, Miro, Jm, Blaxhult, A., Karlsson, A., Pehrson, P., Soravia-Dunand, V., Kravchenko, E., Chentsova, N., Barton, S., Johnson, Am, Mercey, D., Johnson, Ma, Mocroft, A., Murphy, M., Weber, J., Scullard, G., Fisher, M., Brettle, R., Loveday, C., Gatell, J., Johnson, A., Vella, S., Gjorup, I., Friis-Moeller, N., Cozzi-Lepri, A., Bannister, W., Mollerup, D., Podlevkareva, D., Olsen, Ch, Kjaer, J., Raffanti, S., Dieterch, D., Becker, S., Scarsella, A., Fusco, G., Most, B., Balu, R., Rana, R., Beckerman, R., Ising, T., Irek, R., Johnson, B., Hirani, A., Dejesus, E., Pierone, G., Lackey, P., Irek, C., Burdick, J., Leon, S., Arch, J., Helm, Eb, Carlebach, A., Muller, A., Haberl, A., Nisius, G., Lennemann, T., Rottmann, C., Wolf, T., Stephan, C., Mosch, M., Gute, P., Locher, L., Lutz, T., Klauke, S., Knecht, G., Doerr, Hw, Sturmer, M., Hentig, N., Jennings, B., Beylot, J., Chene, G., Dupon, M., Longy-Boursier, M., Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Salamon, R., Thiebaut, R., Lewden, C., Lawson-Ayayi, S., Mercie, P., Moreau, Jf, Moriat, P., Bernard, N., Lacoste, D., Malvy, D., Neau, D., Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M., Delveaux, S., Hannapier, C., Labarrere, S., Lavignolle-Aurillac, V., Uwamaliya-Nziyumvira, B., Palmer, G., Touchard, D., Balestre, E., Alioum, A., Jacqmin-Gadda, H., Morlat, P., Bonarek, M., Bonnet, F., Coadou, B., 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L., Fox, Z., Lampe, F., Smith, C., Amoah, E., Clewley, G., Dann, L., Gregory, B., Jani, I., Janossy, G., Kahan, M., Thomas, M., Gill, Mj, Read, R., Schmeisser, V., Voigt, K., Wasmuth, Jc, Wohrmann, A., and Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Coll
12. Intracellular and plasma pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir and M8 in HIV-infected patients: relationship with P-glycoprotein expression.
- Author
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Ford J, Cornforth D, Hoggard PG, Cuthbertson Z, Meaden ER, Williams I, Johnson M, Daniels E, Hsyu P, Back DJ, and Khoo SH
- Subjects
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 blood, Adult, Area Under Curve, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, HIV Infections blood, HIV Infections metabolism, HIV Protease Inhibitors blood, HIV Protease Inhibitors metabolism, HIV Protease Inhibitors pharmacokinetics, Humans, Male, Mass Spectrometry, Middle Aged, Nelfinavir blood, Nelfinavir metabolism, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors blood, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors metabolism, HIV Infections drug therapy, Nelfinavir pharmacokinetics, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
One of the targets of antiretroviral therapy is within cells infected with HIV. In order to improve therapeutic efficacy, it is therefore important that the intracellular pharmacokinetics of drugs, such as nelfinavir mesylate and its active metabolite M8, are studied in addition to plasma pharmacokinetics. Previously, the intracellular accumulation of protease inhibitors has been reported in vivo, displaying the following hierarchy: nelfinavir > saquinavir > ritonavir > indinavir. Multidrug resistance transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), may result in a lower intracellular concentration of drug via an efflux mechanism, thus contributing to sanctuary site formation. The objective of this study was to determine concentrations of nelfinavir and M8 in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-infected patients, and to ascertain the relationship between intracellular accumulation and lymphocyte P-gp expression. Venous blood samples from 12 HIV-infected patients (viral load <50 copies/ml) receiving nelfinavir (1250 mg twice daily) and dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy were collected over a full dosage interval (0, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h). Plasma and intracellular (cell-associated) drug concentrations were measured by HPLC-MS/MS. Drug exposure in plasma and cells was expressed as the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-12h)), derived from non-compartmental modelling. The ratio of intracellular AUC(0-12h)/total plasma AUC(0-12h) was calculated to determine cellular drug accumulation. P-gp expression on lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometry. The median (range) AUC(0-12h) of nelfinavir in plasma and cellular compartments was 21.8 mg x h x l(-1) (5.64-50.8) and 104.6 mg x h x l(-1) (23.1-265.7), respectively. Corresponding values for M8 in plasma and cells were 6.60 mg x h x l(-1) (2.16-17.3) and 19.6 mg x h x l(-1) (5.14-60.8). A ratio of plasma M8/plasma nelfinavir (AUC(0-12h)) and intracellular M8/intracellular nelfinavir (AUC(0-12h)) gave median values of 0.32 and 0.17, respectively. The cellular accumulations [median; (range)] of nelfinavir and M8 were 5.30 (2.28-16.2) and 2.32 (1.01-10.7), respectively. A significant correlation between plasma and intracellular nelfinavir minimum concentration (Cmin) (r2=0.34; P=0.049), but not between plasma and intracellular M8 Cmin was observed. C(0h) concentrations were higher than C(12h) for both nelfinavir and M8. No relationship was observed between nelfinavir or M8 accumulation and lymphocyte cell surface expression of P-gp. This study illustrates that intracellular concentrations were higher than plasma concentrations for both nelfinavir and M8, suggesting lymphocyte accumulation. The mechanism of differential intracellular accumulation of nelfinavir and M8 remains to be elucidated. It may be that affinities for influx transporters or fundamental drug characteristics play a major role in the greater accumulation of nelfinavir than M8.
- Published
- 2004
13. Resolution of azole-resistant oesophageal candidiasis in an AIDS patient after treatment with caspofungin.
- Author
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Smith K, Youle M, Baker B, Ballinger J, Cuthbertson Z, and Johnson M
- Subjects
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections complications, Adult, Caspofungin, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Echinocandins, Esophageal Diseases microbiology, Humans, Lipopeptides, Male, Mouth Diseases microbiology, Recurrence, Treatment Failure, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections drug therapy, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Antifungal Agents therapeutic use, Candidiasis complications, Candidiasis drug therapy, Esophageal Diseases drug therapy, Mouth Diseases drug therapy, Peptides, Peptides, Cyclic
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Raised viral load in patients with viral suppression on highly active antiretroviral therapy: transient increase or treatment failure?
- Author
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Moore AL, Youle M, Lipman M, Cozzi-Lepri A, Lampe F, Madge S, Nesaratnam S, Tyrer M, Cuthbertson Z, Ransom D, Loveday C, Johnson MA, and Phillips AN
- Subjects
- Cohort Studies, Follow-Up Studies, HIV Infections virology, Humans, Time Factors, Treatment Failure, Treatment Outcome, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, HIV Infections drug therapy, Viral Load
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the occurrence of viral load greater than 50 copies/ml in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) having achieved less than 50 copies/ml and the chance of whether a viral load greater than 50 copies/ml would lead to a sustained and increasing viral load., Design: A cohort of 553 patients on HAART with viral loads of less than 50 copies/ml were followed., Results: Over a median of 56 weeks 35% of patients experienced a transient increase and 8% virological failure (two consecutive viral loads of > 400 copies/ml). Transient increases and virological failure were more common in those with greater drug experience, and those with initial raised viral load values of more than 400 copies/ml were more likely to have a sustained increase and become virological failures., Conclusion: Transient increases in viral load are common, mainly in the 50-400 copies/ml range, and the majority of subsequent viral load estimations show a return to less than 50 copies/ml. A single raised viral load should lead to adherence support and intensified monitoring. Subsequent treatment decisions can then be based on evidence of true virological rebound and failure.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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