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To evaluate the treatment of eroded dentin (Sensodyne Repair & Protect™, Er:YAG laser and combinations). The occlusal surfaces of 25 third molars were sectioned 1.5 mm in thickness. After an erosion cycle (5 min in demineralizing solution + 3 h in remineralizing solution; six cycles a day for 8 days), the samples were divided into five groups (n = 5): (E) erosion - control; (ES) erosion + Sensodyne Repair & Protect (NovaMin); (EL) erosion + Er:YAG laser (40 mJ, 10 Hz, 0.4 W, 50 μs, 3.1 J/cm 2 , 63 W/cm 2 ); (ELS) erosion + Er:YAG laser + Sensodyne; and (ESL) erosion + Sensodyne + Er:YAG laser. Following storage in ultrapure water (37 °C/14 days), the Ca/P ratio was evaluated by EDXRF and the morphology surfaces examined in SEM. The percentage of exposed dentin tubules was calculated. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5% were used to treat the data. The Ca/P ratio was higher in E and ES groups. More exposed dentin tubules were found in E group and less exposed tubules were found in the ES group (p < 0.0001). When the toothpaste and laser were combined, the number of occluded dentin tubules was higher when laser was performed first (ELS). A positive effect was found when the laser and toothpaste were combined.

Background & Aims: To evaluate the knowledge and practice of pediatricians, pediatric gastroenterologists, allergists and nutritionists regarding the primary prevention of food allergy., Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study that enrolled pediatricians (n = 80), pediatric gastroenterologists (n = 120), allergists (n = 100) and nutritionists (n = 220). A self-administered questionnaire concerning the current recommendations was used., Results: Despite the lack of current recommendations, 17.1% (n = 89) of all professionals, mainly nutritionists, recommended a maternal exclusion diet during pregnancy. More professionals in the sample group, 40.8% (n = 212), recommended a maternal exclusion diet during breastfeeding, and the rates of recommendation were higher in nutritionists and pediatricians compared to allergists and pediatric gastroenterologists (p < 0.001). Regarding the recommended timing of the introduction of complementary feeding, 41.9% (n = 218) of the professionals recommended modifying the age of introduction to prevent the development of food allergy. The majority of the professionals believed that prebiotics (61.2%; n = 318) and probiotics (44.4%; 231) prevent the development of food allergy. The recommended age of introduction for the main allergenic foods was 12 months., Conclusions: This study revealed that there are gaps in the knowledge of professionals about the primary prevention of food allergy., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells are obtained from a variety of sources, particularly bone marrow. These cells have great potential for clinical research due to their potential to regenerate tissue. As is well known, the cryopreservation process can store any cell type, particularly blood cells, for an indeterminate time., Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of standard cryopreservation procedures for adult mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow., Methods: Mononuclear stem cells isolated from 10 Wistar male rats were cultivated for 4 weeks to obtain mesenchymal stem cells. The parameters considered in this study were trypan blue exclusion test and annexin V conjugated with 7-amino-actinomycin for flow cytometry before cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen vapor phase for 1 month and after thawing., Results: The viabilities determined by the trypan blue exclusion test were 94.76% and 90.58%, and the flow cytometry assay (annexin V conjugated with 7-amino-actinomycin) were 85.52% and 66.25%, before cryopreservation and after thawing, respectively., Conclusions: Standard procedures for cryopreservation were not efficient for those cells. The flow cytometry assay was more sensitive than the trypan blue exclusion test to demonstrate nonviability.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of subgingival administration of doxycycline as an adjunct to periodontal therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients., Material and Methods: Twenty-two paired periodontal defects > or =5.0 mm were treated in 11 patients (35-55 years old). After initial therapy the sites were randomly assigned into test (scaling and root planing+subgingival administration of 10% doxycycline hyclate gel) or control (scaling and root planing+subgingival placebo gel) groups. The clinical parameters of clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD) and gingival margin level (GML) for recession determination were assessed at baseline, after 6 weeks, and 6, 9 and 12 months, using a computerized probe. Data were statistically evaluated using Duncan and F tests., Results: Between study group comparisons indicated PD reduction and CAL gain were greater in the test group than in the control group at 6 weeks and 6, 9 and 12 months but only statistically significant at 12 months (p<0.05). Within study group comparisons indicated statistically significant differences were found for CAL and PD values favouring the adjunctive doxycycline group from baseline to 6 weeks and 6, 9 and 12 months (p<0.05)., Conclusions: These findings suggest that subgingivally delivered doxycycline hyclate produces additional favorable clinical results to periodontal therapy in type 1 DM patients.

Due to the peculiar characteristics of skeletal muscle, myoblast transplants have emerged as a therapy for cardiomyopathy, particularly after myocardial infarction. The objectives of this study were to define the mean time of cultivation necessary to obtain a cellular concentration of 10(6) to expand the mass for transplant, and to identify the proliferation phase of myoblasts. Ten myoblast cultures were performed using newborn Wistar rats. The isolation method used enzymatic dissociation in culture medium (HAM-F12 and 199) supplement with basic-fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) and insulin growth factor (IGF-I). The mean cultivation time to obtain the desired concentration of 10(6) was 7 days, with expansion of up to 10(8)/g. When b-FGF was used, the cellular yield was approximately 10(7), with IGF-I the cellular yield was approximately 10(8), independent of the medium. We concluded that IGF-I is the better option for mass cellular expansion of myoblasts for application in myocardial transplants.

Currently two lines of research have been proposed for treatment of heart failure in an attempt to address its main cause: skeletal myoblast (SM) transplants, which increase the contractile muscular mass, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplants, which increase neoangiogenesis. The objective of this study was to establish methods whereby cocultures of SM and MSC proliferate and expand, making possible the interaction of these cell types prior to their transplantation to the myocardium. Seeking to support the survival of these cells after myocardial transplantation and achieve subsequent functional improvement, SM and MSC from 10 rats were isolated and cultivated in DMEM medium supplemented with 15% fetal calf serum, 1% ATB, and growth factors. Following plating in variable proportions of satellite cells/mononuclear cells namely 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, morphological observations were made regarding cell survival, adhesion to substrate, and confluence. After 48 hours nonadherent cells were aspirated from the flasks, leaving the adherent cells, SM, and MSC. The better level of cell proliferation was observed with the proportion 2:1 cocultivated at a concentration of 5 x 10(5)/mL for 14 days. The results were satisfactory; the cell production was up to 10(8), increasing the chances of transplant success after myocardial infarction. Transplants with this model are ongoing.