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Innovation in architecture education is increasingly oriented towards the analysis of real problems considered in their complexity and multi-dimensionality and the active involvement of the stakeholders. The aim of this paper is to highlight how the active role of stakeholders can improve the economic and cultural value of enhancement projects developed in architecture and planning schools, focusing on the potentialities of the problem-based learning (PBL) approach. A three-step educational procedure based on the PBL approach, applied at the atelier "Heritage Preservation and Enhancement" of the Politecnico di Torino, is presented. The results showed how a continuous interaction and dialogue with teachers and stakeholders can effectively support students in addressing real problems and in developing sustainable and feasible enhancement projects able to integrate heritage preservation and economic-financial issues.

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DIKEDOC is a knowledge-based multicriteria methodology that is here proposed to organise dispersed knowledge about a complex problem when a decision process has not yet been activated, or is latent, and to generate an interaction space that produces new knowledge. An integrated use of logical and analytical tools is proposed, first for use at a technical level to organise any dispersed knowledge in a way that generates insights that can be communicated, and then in a participative context, to create an opportunity to interact, share personal points of view and experiences and to explore spaces of action, where such tools facilitate understanding, criticism and proposals. A pilot study was developed, by an interdisciplinary research team, in relation to the enhancement process of the "Ivrea, industrial city of the twentieth century" UNESCO site, which still needs to be activated after a long and complex decision process that led to the inclusion of the site in the World Heritage List. Several research activities and enhancement projects have been developed in the last few years, but a series of critical conditions have limited their implementation. A new perspective is now necessary to identify and control the uncertainties that have emerged, guide the incremental development of knowledge and foster relationships, decisions and policies. The paper presents DIKEDOC, a new knowledge organisation and problem description methodology, and the conducted pilot study, which led to the proposal of a constructive vision of decision aiding that logically and analytically "described" the space of action and its uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Short-term rentals (STRs) are affecting many tourist cities, and the growth of this phenomenon has been frequently illustrated so far through the number of listings progressively registered on platforms such as Airbnb. However, analysing additional variables (e.g. number of new listings opened/closed), as well as performing mathematical modelling and spatial analyses, could help better interpret the evolution of this reality and shed some light on the hospitality dynamics enabled by digital platforms. Taking the Italian city of Turin as an example, in this article we firstly describe the local STRs trends by the means of a linear regressive statistical model, highlighting that – after a speedy growth in 2014–2016 – the number of STRs has started to experience a stabilization phase. Then, through the analysis of geo-referenced data and the application of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis techniques, we stress that – as in other European cities – also in Turin STRs have particularly interested the areas located in the proximity of the city centre. Finally, we advance that, in order to inform local policies and decision-making, future studies should include forecasting and the investigation of a larger variety of variables (e.g. real estate stock, Airbnb nightly rates, long-term rental patterns, etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a proposed methodology based on stakeholders' involvement strategies to develop Modern Heritage open-air museums. It refers to the case of the Cuban Modern Heritage in Havana, in order to design a preliminary innovative cultural visitors route between the UNESCO site of Old Havana and the National Schools of Art.