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Objective: the main intention of this research is to prepare a curcumin based herbal gel sanitizer by minimizing the alcoholic usage and to evaluate the anti-bacterial activity of this herbal sanitizer. Methods: curcumin gel sanitizer was prepared from the ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa along with addition of gel base prepared from the combination of carbapol-940 and HPMC-E15. Results: The curcumin gel sanitizer was formulated and evaluated for its phytochemical constituents present in curcumin, detection of active constituent of curcumin which was majorly responsible for the anti-microbial activity through HPTLC, organoleptic properties, irritancy test and the efficiency of anti-bacterial activity of curcumin was also evaluated and it is safe and effective against pathogens. Conclusion: As a natural herb, curcumin which was a household ingredient could also be effectively formulated as a sanitizer that reduces the side effects of alcoholic sanitizer products and is a best source that acts effectively against a numerous pathogens. Keywords: curcumin, carbapol-940, Ethanolic extract, HPMC-E15 (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), HPTLC, Pathogens

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of topical curcumin gel and buccal mucoadhesive patches in the management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Study Design Forty patients clinically diagnosed with OSMF were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A received curcumin gel and group B received curcumin mucoadhesive patches, to be used twice daily for 8 weeks. Evaluation was done every 2 weeks. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured before and after treatment and also in 20 healthy controls. Results A 100% reduction in burning sensation was observed in all 40 patients at the end of 4 weeks. Mouth opening improved by 5.45 ± 1.64 mm in group A and 5.9 ± 2.00 mm in group B. Pretreatment LDH was 359.72 ± 77.02 IU/L in patients with OSMF, which was significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers (173.2 ± 46.20 IU/L). In group A, LDH values reduced from 341.85 ± 71 IU/L to 264.95 ± 65.09 IU/L and in group B, values reduced from 377.6 ± 79.76 IU/L to 286.15 ± 72.95 IU/L after treatment. Conclusion Curcumin gel and mucoadhesive patches were effective in improving mouth opening and reducing burning sensation in patients with OSMF. They can therefore be considered as safe, noninvasive modalities for treatment of OSMF.

Background: The periodontal disease is among the most popular medical situations which might affect humans. Periodontal pocket that is known as a pathologically extended gingival sulcus which is one of most essential clinical characteristics of the periodontal disease. The scaling, the root planning and the polishing are the golden ordinary procedures for the management. An adjunct to scaling and root planning has been introducing as curcumin. Curcumin possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties. Aim/ Objectives: To estimate the effectiveness of sub gingival application of curcumin oral gel as adjuncts for the SRP in the management of (5–7 mm) periodontal pockets on clinical periodontal parameters. plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing pocket depth and relative attachment level. Materials and Methods: 20 patients of both gender and aged from 21 to 45 years. The patients with periodontitis (stage II/III, grade A-C) and pockets depth 5-7mm bilateral of upper jaw only which randomly selected. Split mouth technique followed, one side consider as control group sites that receive SRP alone, the other side marked as test group side that receive twice application of curcumin oral gel as adjunct to SRP with one week interval. Plaque and gingival indices were recorded on three visits while bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and relative attachment level were measured for each patient at baseline, and 1-month interval. Results: For intra group ,in the 3rd visit, means of PLI, GI, PPD, and RAL presented statistical significant decrease in test and control sites compared with baseline visit, but no statistical significant differences in these parameters in the 3rd visit between test and control sites (Inter group). Bleeding on probing in test sites group was significantly decreased in the 3rd visit compared with baseline visit, but in control sites group no statistical significant change in the 3rd visit compared with baseline visit.in inter group comparison a statistical significant differences in BOP between test and control sites. Conclusion: Curcumin shows a potent effect in improving the outcomes of clinical parameters when compared with SRP. Curcumin can be a promising adjunctive therapeutic agent; it showed a good capability in influencing the gingival health by assessing the clinical parameters

Background/purpose Curcumin has anti-inflammatory impacts and was suggested as an inflammatory disease therapy. This study aimed to investigate the implications of curcumin gel on experimental periodontitis (EPD) and alveolar bone loss in rats. Materials and methods In this study, twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided equally into four groups: negative control (with no EPD); positive control (EPD induced around lower centrals without treatment); control-treated group: EPD treated with chlorhexidine; and test EPD group treated with curcumin. After 30 days, the serum concentrations of RANKL and IL-1β were measured via ELISA. All animals were sacrificed, and mandibular central incisors with the periodontium were removed. The lingual probing depth and radiographical alveolar bone loss were measured, then samples processed for routine preparation of H&E stained sections and histologically assessed for counting inflammatory cells, osteoclasts, and PDL width. Results A significant decrease in the inflammatory cells infiltration, probing depth, and osteoclast numbers with the improvement of PDL associated with a reduction in RANKL and IL-1β serum concentration were seen in both EPD treated groups. Conclusion Curcumin is as effective as chlorhexidine in treating experimental periodontitis in rats. It was demonstrated to stop bone destruction related to periodontitis by regulating the RANKL and IL-1β markers level in the blood.

Background:Zinc oxide eugenol(ZOE) has long been the material of choice for obturating primary teeth,but it is resistant to resorption, might result in a deflected successor and has limited antibacterial efficacy. Curcuminpossessesanti-inflammatory and antimicrobialproperties which can be implied by its use as obturating material in primary teeth.Objective: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Curcumin Gel mixed Endoflas powderand Zinc oxide eugenol as obturating materials in primary molars.Material and Methods: A total of 30 primary molars indicated for pulpectomy were selected from 4-9-year-old children and divided into two equal groups based on the obturating material used. Group 1- Curcumin Gel mixed Endoflas powder(CGE) and Group 2- Zinc oxide eugenol(ZOE). The efficacy of these obturation materials was evaluatedboth clinically and radiographically. Follow-up was done after 1, 3and 6months to evaluate clinical and radiographical success rates. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software version 21 usingchi-square test.Results: At the end of the 6th month follow-up,there was 93.3% clinical success inGroup 1compared with 86.6% success in Group 2. Whereas, radiographically success reported was 100% with Group 1and93.3% with Group 2. The difference in the radiographic success rate between the two Groups was statistically significant (P

Background: The goal of periodontal therapy is to eliminate bacterial plaque and the factors favoring its formation. Conventional therapy includes scaling, root planing and curettage along with appropriate maintenance of oral hygiene. However, complete elimination of sub gingival micro flora is difficult from areas inaccessible to periodontal instrumentation, which demands the use of antimicrobials as adjuncts in periodontal therapy. Periodontal pocket provides an ideal environment for the growth of anaerobic pathogenic bacteria. In the course of initiation and progression of the inflammatory process, the sub gingival bacteria increase in numbers and invade the pocket epithelial cells and subsequently, the underlying tissues. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of the adjunctive use of curcumin with scaling and root planing as compared with scaling and root planing alone in the treatment of the periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with two contralateral sites were identified for the study having probing pocket depths (PPDs) of >5mm. Full mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) was done followed by subgingival application of curcumin gel only on one side. Assessment of Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth, Clinical attachment levels (CALs) were done at both baseline and at 4th week. Subgingival plaque samples was collected from the root surface and standard microbiologic assessment was done both from the control and the test sites before scaling and root planing. Result: There was a reduction in PI, GI, PPD, CAL and microbiologic parameters in test sites followed by SRP and curcumin gel application, when compared with SRP alone in control group. Conclusion: The subgingival application of curcumin gel in adjunct with scaling and root planing has shown good improvement in periodontal parameters and has a beneficial effect in periodontitis patients. Keywords: Curcumin, Periodontitis, Scaling and root planing.

Background: The study was designed taking into consideration the drawbacks of periodontal dressing and healing properties of curcumin. The aim was to assess and compare the effect of Curcumin gel (Curenext) and noneugenol periodontal dressing (Coe pak) on tissue response, wound healing in the early stages, and pain post periodontal flap surgery in patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients requiring periodontal flap surgery were allotted to two groups at random, one receiving periodontal dressing and the other receiving curcumin for this cross over split-mouth study. Flap surgeries were performed on 2 quadrants with 3 weeks' interval. After suture removal, postoperative sites were assessed for tissue response (tissue color [TC] and tissue edema [TE]) and early wound healing as primary outcomes of the study. The secondary outcome was pain assessment and the number of analgesics taken by the individuals. Results: The two groups showed no significant differences with respect to tissue response, early wound healing, and pain perception. Curcumin group consumed lesser number of analgesics as compared to the one with periodontal dressing. Conclusion: It was confirmed that periodontal dressing and curcumin are effective in reducing the TE, normalizing the TC, enhancing the wound healing and reducing the pain perception. Curcumin can thus be used as an alternative to periodontal dressing.

Context: The adverse effects associated with traditional adjunctive chemical agents in the management of gingivitis has stimulated research into search for alternate molecules including herbal products. Aims-To compare the effects of oral curcumin gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) with the effects achieved by SRP alone by assessing their effects on plaque, gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients in the age group of 20–60 years were recruited employing inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study population was randomly divided into two groups. Group A-test group was instructed to use twice daily the experimental curcumin gel after initial SRP. Group B-control group received only SRP. Parameters recorded were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and sulcus bleeding index (SBI) on day 0 (baseline), days 7, 14, and 21 along with subjective assessment of any reported untoward side effect. Data was analyzed statistically. Results: The PI, GI and SBI decreased in both the test group and control group from day 0 to day 21 consecutively. Intergroup comparison shows that all the parameters were statistically significant in Group A (P < 0.001) as compared to Group B. Conclusion: Curcumin gel has significant antiplaque and anti-inflammatory effect in the treatment of gingivitis and can be effectively employed as an adjunct to SRP.

Objective To evaluate the effect of topical application of 10% chamomile extract and 2% curcumin gel in the oral ulcers of the rats. Study Design Thirty-nine Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: the chamomile group, the curcumin group, and the control group. A 5-mm circular excision wound was made with sterile punch in the tongue of rats; Chamomile extract, curcumin, and vehicle gel were applied 2 times per day for 5 days on the oral ulcers, all animals were euthanized on the sixth day postoperatively. Results There was no significant difference between the groups in relation to area of residual ulcer (P = .20), newly formed epithelium (P = .97), and intensity of inflammatory infiltrate (P = .724). Conclusions Chamomile and curcumin had no effect on accelerating the healing of oral ulcers or reducing the inflammatory process.

Background Successful management of periodontitis requires treatment strategy that integrates therapies addressing both pathogen and host aspects of disease etiology. To evaluate sub gingivally applied curcumin gel in treatment of chronic periodontitis based on clinical and biochemical parameters. Materials & methods A randomized, double blind, parallel-group trial was carried out on 30 patients suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis with probing pocket depth≥5mm on at least 4 sites who were then randomly allocated to two groups. Control group was treated with Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) alone while experimental group was treated with SRP followed by subgingival application of curcumin gel. Saliva collection was done and the clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and follow up periods. Saliva analysis for IL-1β was done by ELISA. The statistical differences for the intra-group and intergroup measurements were analyzed by using Mann Whitney test. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between Interleukin - 1β and clinical parameters. Results Study elucidated mild adjunctive benefit of curcumin gel in reduction of gingival inflammation for a limited period of time. Though improvement in other clinical parameters was also greater in subjects treated with curcumin gel, results were not statistically different from those treated with SRP alone. None of the subjects who received curcumin gel experienced any adverse effect. Conclusion Within limitations, it can be concluded that single application of curcumin (turmeric) gel has limited added benefit over scaling and root planing in treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Context: Local drug delivery (LDD) systems have been proposed for the treatment of periodontitis. Curcumin could be a suitable agent as LDD for the treatment of periodontitis. Aim: To formulate, evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity and to assess the duration of the action and the efficacy of 2% curcumin gel in the treatment of experimental periodontitis in Wistar albino rat model. Settings and Design: Twenty-one Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Periodontitis was induced using ligature model. Group 1: Control; group 2: Plain gel, and group 3: 2% curcumin gel. Materials and Methods: About 2% curcumin gel was prepared. The anti-inflammatory activity and duration of action was assessed. Silk ligature 5-0 was used to induce periodontitis. Gingival index (GI) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were measured. Treatment was done. The rats were sacrificed. Morphometric analysis was performed using stereomicroscope and ImageJ software. Statistical Analysis Used: Analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni's test, Wilcoxon's test for inter-group comparison, Mann–Whitney test for P value computation was used. The observations are mean ± standard deviation and standard error of the mean. P < 0.01 when compared to control was considered as statistically significant. Results: About 2% curcumin gel showed 42.98% inhibition of edema and peak activity was noted at 24 h. There was statistically significant change in the GI and PPD. Morphometric analysis did not show any significant difference between groups. No toxic effects were seen on oral administration of 2000 mg/kg of curcumin. Conclusions: About 2% curcumin gel was effective in the treatment of experimental periodontitis.

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic condition which has characteristics of inflammation and fibrosis in the oral cavity which is progressive in nature. Steroids are the standard treatment of OSMF, but considering their side effect profile, we thought of taking herbal preparations as these have minimal side effects. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to compare the efficacy of curcumin and tulsi gels in OSMF. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective, randomized study conducted in ENT OPD on 60 patients who were diagnosed on the the basis of clinical criteria of OSMF. Patients were divided into two groups, one group was given tulsi gel and other group curcumin gel and each group was given topical steroids along with the test drugs. Follow-up was done for 6 weeks and patients were assessed on the basis of improvement in interincisal distance, burning sensation, and tongue protrusion at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Results: There was an improvement in all the three parameters at subsequent visits, but the curcumin gel showed better improvement than tulsi gel in burning sensation after 6 weeks of treatment which was highly statistically significant P < 0.01. Conclusion: Curcumin gel and tulsi gel are effective in improving OSMF symptoms, but curcumin gel is more efficacious without any side effects. Hence, we can advocate these drugs as adjuvant treatment in addition to the recommended treatment.

The use of free grafts to close defects in wounds following surgery has long been utilized in dermatology practice. However, because of the low survival of the grafts, their popularity has dwindled over recent years. The use of techniques such as attaching an “umbilical cord” from the base of the grafts to the underlying deep fascia or cartilage has markedly increased graft survival. In this paper, the scope of free grafts is presented, showing survival of even large grafts if anchored to the deep tissue with multiple “umbilical cord” attachments. The advantages of full-thickness free skin grafts include the ability to close the wound immediately following removal of the tumor, with decreased risk of infection and pain, requiring fewer dressing changes and visits. The technique of close stitching, with interrupted sutures 1 - 2 mm apart, prevents contact of the wound with oxygen from the air, resulting in increased graft survival from revascularization of the free graft. With the added use of extra-strength curcumin gel, perfect regeneration may be achieved. In addition, in most free grafts, it was observed that there was recovery of sensation due to presumed nerve regeneration.

The aim of the present investigation was to develop and study topical gel delivery of curcumin for its anti-inflammatory effects. Carbopol 934P (CRB) and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) were used for the preparation of gels. The penetration enhancing effect of menthol (0-12.5% w/w) on the percutaneous flux of curcumin through the excised rat epidermis from 2% w/w CRB and HPC gel system was investigated. All the prepared gel formulations were evaluated for various properties such as compatibility, drug content, viscosity, in vitro skin permeation, and anti-inflammatory effect. The drug and polymers compatibility was confirmed by Differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy. The percutaneous flux and enhancement ratio of curcumin across rat epidermis was enhanced markedly by the addition of menthol to both types of gel formulations. Both types of developed topical gel formulations were free of skin irritation. In anti-inflammatory studies done by carrageenan induced rat paw oedema method in wistar albino rats, anti-inflammatory effect of CRB, HPC and standard gel formulations were significantly different from control group (P0.05) whereas this effect was not significantly different for CRB and HPC gels formulations to that of standard (diclofenac gel) formulation (P0.05). CRB gel showed better % inhibition of inflammation as compared to HPC gel.

Background: Currently, the most common therapy for periodontal diseases consists of professional scaling and root planing (SRP). However, it was found to be of limited efficacy especially in areas which are inaccessible to periodontal instrumentation. Therefore, treatment strategies using antimicrobials in conjunction with conventional therapy have evolved. Thus, the study was undertaken with an. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of application of chlorhexidine gel and curcumin gel as an adjunct to SRP. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on thirty chronic periodontitis patients who were divided into two groups as control and experimental groups using a split-mouth design. After SRP chlorhexidine gel was applied in control and curcumin gel in experimental groups. The plaque index, gingival index, sulcus bleeding index, probing pocket depth were recorded at baseline and subsequently after 1 month and 45 days. Results: The results revealed that both chlorhexidine gel and curcumin gel have an effect on mild to moderate periodontal pockets in chronic periodontitis patients, but greater reduction was observed in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that both control and experimental gel can be used as an adjunct to SRP, but the curcumin gel was more effective than the chlorhexidine gel in the treatment of mild to moderate periodontal pockets with a significant reduction in the indice scores when compared to the baseline values.