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2. Direct-acting antiviral therapies for hepatitis C infection: global registration, reimbursement, and restrictions

Author

Sargsyants, N., Suleymanova, L., Salkic, N., Simonova, M., Nemeth-Blazic, T., Mravcik, V., Kivimets, K., Salupere, R., Butsashvili, M., Soselia, G., Makara, M., Tolmane, I., Jancorienė, L., Stratulat, S., Flisiak, R., Gheorghe, L., Cernat, R., Lakhov, A., Stanevich, O., Jarcuska, P., Peck-Radosavljevic, M., Robaeys, G., Øvrehus, A., Foster, G., Sutinen, J., Farkkila, M., Rautiainen, H., Vuoti, S., Nikolova, D., Pawlotsky, J.M., Rockstroh, J., Sypsa, V., Papatheodoridis, G., Olafsson, S., Feeney, E., Teti, E., Seguin-Devaux, C., Pocock, J., Reiff, S., McDougall, N., Van der Valk, M., Dalgard, O., Tato Marinho, R., Dillon, J., Peters, E., Bojovic, K., Matičič, M., Kåberg, M., Bruggmann, P., Healy, B., Chong, V.H., Yi, S., Tucker, J., Pasaribu, L.R., Tanaka, J., Ashley, E.A., Abu Hassan, M.R., Mohammed, N.S., Chan, H.K., Gidaagaya, S., Kyi, K.P., Hyung Joon, K., Chin, B., Baladjay, P.C., Kao, J.H., Wansom, T., da Cruz, B., Flower, B., Ehsan, E., Al Mahtab, M., Khandu, L., Bhadoria, A.S., Alavi, M., KC, P., Hamid, S., Biryukov, S., Alymbaeva, D., Alaei, A., Bakieva, S., Flichman, D., Carmo, R.F., Valdez, E., Cortes, C.P., Contreras, F., Teran, E., Velez-Moller, P., Jagnarine, T., Mills, M., Goodman-Meza, D., Sánchez, J., Montenegro-Idrogo, J.J., Lugo Canales, A.M., Davy, J., Alexander, A., Gerona, S., Perazzo, R., Balak, D., Kelly-Hanku, A., Fineanganofo, A., Gane, E., Raymond, N., Debzi, N., Sridharan, K., Waked, I., Turner, D., Shibolet, O., Al Muzaini, A., El Nakib, M., Sheriff, D.S., Brahni, T., Essayagh, T., Essayagh, S., Hjaija, D., Al-Naamani, K., Sanai, F.M., Pasquale, H., Bedri, S., Chakroun, M., Ghrabi, A., Akarca, U.S., Falcao, V., Edmond Gbedo, S., Ouoba, S., Nyabenda, F., Rocher Mbella, M., Mahamat Moussa, A., Youssouf, T., Boniface, Y., Akilimali Shindano, T., Hamida, M.E., Mongo, A., Mapapa, C., Desalegn, H., Embinga, E.L.A., Ndow, G., Nartey, Y., Cisse, M., Djalo, M.A., Mugambi, M., Nyakowa, M., Jeuronlon, M.K., Ngoma, J., Manitrala Ramanampamonjy, R., Naik, K., Soyjaudah, M.D., Filipe, E., Nnakelu, E., Serumondo, J., Mbodj, M., Patino, M., Aalto, M.K., Waweru, P., Dagnra, A., Ocama, P., Maghimbi, A., Hamooya, B.M., Katsidzira, L., Rios, C., Thormann, M., Al Marzooqi, N., Al Rand, H.M., Francois, K., Hamoudi, W., Alkharty, M., Skripo, O., Uka, T., Marshall, Alison D, Willing, Alex R, Kairouz, Abe, Cunningham, Evan B, Wheeler, Alice, O’Brien, Nicholas, Perera, Vidura, Ward, John W, Hiebert, Lindsey, Degenhardt, Louisa, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Colledge, Samantha, Hickman, Matthew, Jawad, Danielle, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, Matthews, Gail V, Scheibe, Andrew, Vickerman, Peter, Dore, Gregory J, and Grebely, Jason

Published
2024
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3. Health-Related Quality of Life of People Who Inject Drugs: The Enhancing Treatment of Hepatitis C in Opioid Substitution Settings Engage Study

Author

Grebely, Jason, Dore, Gregory J., Silk, David, Bath, Nicky, Treloar, Carla, Milat, Andrew, Dunlop, Adrian, Amin, Janaki, Holden, Jo, Murray, Carolyn, Henderson, Charles, Leadbeatter, Kyle, Day, Emma, Habraken, Nikitah, Dawson, Olivia, Degenhardt, Louisa, Scott, Clarke, Read, Phillip, Valerio, Heather, Tillakeratne, Shane, Marks, Philippa, Jayasinghe, Indika, Martinez, Maria, Reid, Hannah, Gleeson, Valerie, Van Dyk, Jodi, Mercade, Gerard Estivill, Marshall, Alison D., Obeid, Stephanie, Wheeler, A., Hooshyar, Samira Hosseini, Catlett, Beth, Verich, Andrey, Conway, Anna, Erratt, Amanda, Wheeler, Alice, Ezard, Nadine, Reid, David, Gorton, Carla, Hayllar, Jeremy, Lam, Thao, Datta, Prasun, Wade, Alex, Spruce, Sally, Cock, Vicky, Cornwell, Mark, Zohrab, Krista, Christmass, Michael, Connelly, Craig, Cooper, Angela, Montebello, Mark, Cherry, Robert, Dyer, Julie, Arawal, Shikha, Press, Elke, Horasak, Nadine, Lewis, Rhondda, Carthew, Astrid, Morris, Daniel, Donohue, Kathy, Griffiths, Kathy, Lana, Jason Dalla, Shin, Sue, Graf, Connie, Hampson, Adele, Qian, Siyu, Brown, Danielle, Lautier, Amber, Curran, Cate, Burns, Carina, Raidu, Ravina, Stolzenhein, Kylie, Brabender, Wanda, Somes, Kelly, Abram, Nargis, Turne, Rick, Larter, Stuart, Goodberg, Fiona, Luksza, Jennifer, Hall, Michelle, Hazelwood, Susan, Ismay, Charlotte, McClurg, Belinda, Mincham, Cherie, Barlow, Kali, Hoskins, Anita, Salisbury, Kate, Markham, Julie, Talmet, Jacky, Dunn, Sandy, Mitchell, Amanda, McKinnon, Andrew, Smyth, Fionnualh, Snell, Lisa, Laing, Elizabeth, Clark, Martin, Dorigo, Justin, Carman, Louise, Fergusson, Brent, Puszka, Bonny, Duncan, Gai, Baker, Fiona, Walsh, Jayde, Walsh, Leeann, Adey, Sara, Hinton, Rodd, Joyce, Melanie, Woods, Cheryl, Jenart, Alain, Everingham, Hope, Jansen, Louisa, Pepolim, Lucy, Clark, Kathy, Murphy, Lyn, Iliffe, Joel, Cheng, Qinglu, Cunningham, Evan B., and Shih, Sophy T.F.

Published
2024
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4. Impact of simplified HCV diagnostic strategies on the HCV epidemic among men who have sex with men in the era of HIV oral pre‐exposure prophylaxis in Taiwan: a modelling study

Author

Wu, Huei‐Jiuan, Shih, Sophy Tingfang, Applegate, Tanya L., Kwon, Jisoo A., Cunningham, Evan B., Grebely, Jason, and Gray, Richard T.

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Drug therapy -- Diagnosis, Hepatitis C virus -- Health aspects -- Analysis -- Usage, RNA -- Health aspects -- Usage -- Analysis, Epidemiology -- Usage -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Health, World Health Organization
Abstract

: Introduction: Simplified hepatitis C virus (HCV) diagnostic strategies have the potential to improve HCV diagnoses and treatment. We aimed to investigate the impact of simplified HCV diagnostic strategies on HCV incidence and its effect on HCV diagnosis and treatment among men who have sex with men (MSM) regardless of HIV status and use of HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Taiwan. Methods: A compartmental deterministic model was developed to describe the natural history of HCV disease progression, the HCV care cascade and the HIV status and PrEP using among MSM. The model was calibrated to available data for HCV and HIV epidemiology and population demographics in Taiwan. We simulated the epidemic from 2004 and projected the impact of simplified testing strategies on the HCV epidemic among MSM over 2022–2030. Results: Under the current testing approach in Taiwan, total HCV incidence would increase to 12.6 per 1000 person‐years among MSM by 2030. Single‐visit point‐of‐care RNA testing had the largest impact on reducing the number of new HCV infections over 2022–2030, with a 31.1% reduction (interquartile range: 24.9%−32.8%). By 2030, single‐visit point‐of‐care HCV testing improved HCV diagnosis to 90.9%, HCV treatment to 87.7% and HCV cure to 81.5% among MSM living with HCV. Compared to status quo, prioritized simplified HCV testing for PrEP users and MSM living with diagnosed HIV had considerable impact on the broader HCV epidemic among MSM. A sensitivity analysis suggests that reinfection risk would have a large impact on the effectiveness of each point‐of‐care testing scenario. Conclusions: Simplified HCV diagnostic strategies could control the ongoing HCV epidemic and improve HCV testing and treatment among Taiwanese MSM. Single‐visit point‐of‐care RNA testing would result in large reductions in HCV incidence and prevalence among MSM. Efficient risk‐reduction strategies will need to be implemented alongside point‐of‐care testing to achieve HCV elimination among MSM in Taiwan., INTRODUCTION Among men who have sex with men (MSM), hepatitis C virus (HCV) is transmitted via sexual contact and sharing of unsterile injecting equipment and disproportionately affects MSM living with [...]

Published
2024
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7. Patient-Reported Outcomes During and After Hepatitis C Virus Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment Among People Who Inject Drugs

Author

Grebely, Jason, Dore, Gregory, Marks, Philippa, Dalgard, Olav, Bruggmann, Philip, Stedman, Catherine, Lacombe, Karine, Powis, Jeff, Hellard, Margaret, Crawford, Sione, Swan, Tracy, Byrne, Jude, Coordinating Centre—Amanda Erratt, Melanie Lacalamita., Cunningham, Evan, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Marks, Pip, Shaw, Ineke, Siriragavan, Sharmila, Amin, Janaki, Quiene, Sophie, Petoumenos, Kathy, Schmid, Patrick, Castro, Erika, Moriggia, Alberto, Daulouede, Jean-Pierre, Conway, Brian, Fraser, Christopher, Feld, Jordan, Bruneau, Julie, Cooper, Curtis, Gane, Ed, Matthews, Gail, Dunlop, Adrian, Kronborg, Ian, Shaw, David, Litwin, Alain, Norton, Brianna, Thurnheer, Maria Christine, Weltman, Martin, Read, Philip, Dillon, John, Kessler, Simone, Knapp, Cornelia, Oprandi, Lorenza, Messina, Paola, Pantic, Marzia, Le Cam, Manuela, Maitre, Cecilia, Andreassen, Jessica, Melkeraaen, Ingunn, Tollefsen, Merete Moen, Pagarigan, Hannah, Milne, Rozalyn, Mason, Kate, Kaznowski, Diana, Zou, Lily, Bouchard, Rachel, Kotsoros, Barbara, Muir, Miriam, Milloy, Jessica, Oliver, Victoria, Noonan, Tracy, Sevehon, Alison, Hazelwood, Susan, Hall, Michelle, Hagenauer, Michelle, Liddle, Rachel, Ferguson, Catherine, Agyemang, Linda, Patel, Hiral, Soloway, Irene, Cerocchi, Orlando, Lacalamita, Melanie, Fragomeli, Vincenzo, Gilliver, Rosie, Lothian, Rebecca, Cleary, Shirley, Johnston, Linda, Middleton, Sarah, D’Amico, Ronald, McGovern, Barbara, Anderson, Jonathan, Zhong, Ze, Keane, Fiona, Tatsch, Fernando, Brainard, Diana, McHutchison, John, Cheng, Qinglu, Cunningham, Evan B., Shih, Sophy, Artenie, Adelina A., Litwin, Alain H., Read, Phillip, Dunlop, Adrian J., Feld, Jordan J., and Dore, Gregory J.

Published
2023
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9. Epidemiology of injecting drug use, prevalence of injecting-related harm, and exposure to behavioural and environmental risks among people who inject drugs: a systematic review

Author

Degenhardt, Louisa, Webb, Paige, Colledge-Frisby, Samantha, Ireland, Jeremy, Wheeler, Alice, Ottaviano, Sophie, Willing, Alex, Kairouz, Abe, Cunningham, Evan B, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Leung, Janni, Tran, Lucy T, Price, Olivia, Peacock, Amy, Vickerman, Peter, Farrell, Michael, Dore, Gregory J, Hickman, Matthew, and Grebely, Jason

Published
2023
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10. Interventions to enhance testing and linkage to treatment for hepatitis C infection for people who inject drugs: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Cunningham, Evan B., Wheeler, Alice, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, French, Clare E., Roche, Rachel, Marshall, Alison D., Fontaine, Guillaume, Conway, Anna, Bajis, Sahar, Valencia, Braulio M., Presseau, Justin, Ward, John W., Degenhardt, Louisa, Dore, Gregory J., Hickman, Matthew, Vickerman, Peter, and Grebely, Jason

Published
2023
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11. Characteristics of hepatitis C virus resistance in an international cohort after a decade of direct-acting antivirals

Author

Martinello, Marianne, Matthews, Gail, Fernando, Fay Fabián, Esteban, Juan I., Müllhaupt, Beat, Wiesch, Julian Schulze zur, Buggisch, Peter, Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph, Berg, Thomas, Berg, Christoph P., Schattenberg, Jörn M., Moreno, Christophe, Stauber, Rudolf, Lloyd, Andrew, Dore, Gregory, Applegate, Tanya, Ignacio, Juan, Garcia-Cehic, Damir, Gregori, Josep, Rodriguez-Frias, Francisco, Rando, Ariadna, Gozlan, Yael, Angelico, Mario, Andreoni, Massimo, Babudieri, Sergio, Bertoli, Ada, Cento, Valeria, Coppola, Nicola, Craxì, Antonio, Paolucci, Stefania, Parruti, Giustino, Pasquazzi, Caterina, Perno, Carlo Federico, Teti, Elisabetta, Vironet, C., Lannergård, Anders, Duberg, Ann-Sofi, Aleman, Soo, Gutteberg, Tore, Soulier, Alexandre, Gourgeon, Aurélie, Chevaliez, Stephane, Pol, Stanislas, Carrat, Fabrice, Salmon, Dominique, Kaiser, Rolf, Knopes, Elena, Gomes, Perpetua, de Kneght, Rob, Rijnders, Bart, Poljak, Mario, Lunar, Maja, Usubillaga, Rafael, Seguin_Devaux, Carole, Tay, Enoch, Wilson, Caroline, Wang, Dao Sen, George, Jacob, Kok, Jen, Pérez, Ana Belén, Chueca, Natalia, García-Deltoro, Miguel, Martínez-Sapiña, Ana María, Lara-Pérez, María Magdalena, García-Bujalance, Silvia, Aldámiz-Echevarría, Teresa, Vera-Méndez, Francisco Jesús, Pineda, Juan Antonio, Casado, Marta, Pascasio, Juan Manuel, Salmerón, Javier, Alados-Arboledas, Juan Carlos, Poyato, Antonio, Téllez, Francisco, Rivero-Juárez, Antonio, Merino, Dolores, Vivancos-Gallego, María Jesús, Rosales-Zábal, José Miguel, Ocete, María Dolores, Simón, Miguel Ángel, Rincón, Pilar, Reus, Sergi, De la Iglesia, Alberto, García-Arata, Isabel, Jiménez, Miguel, Jiménez, Fernando, Hernández-Quero, José, Galera, Carlos, Balghata, Mohamed Omar, Primo, Joaquín, Masiá, Mar, Espinosa, Nuria, Delgado, Marcial, von-Wichmann, Miguel Ángel, Collado, Antonio, Santos, Jesús, Mínguez, Carlos, Díaz-Flores, Felícitas, Fernández, Elisa, Bernal, Enrique, De Juan, José, Antón, José Joaquín, Vélez, Mónica, Aguilera, Antonio, Navarro, Daniel, Arenas, Juan Ignacio, Fernández, Clotilde, Espinosa, María Dolores, Ríos, María José, Alonso, Roberto, Hidalgo, Carmen, Hernández, Rosario, Téllez, María Jesús, Rodríguez, Francisco Javier, Antequera, Pedro, Delgado, Cristina, Martín, Patricia, Crespo, Javier, Becerril, Berta, Pérez, Oscar, García-Herola, Antonio, Montero, José, Freyre, Carolina, Grau, Concepción, Cabezas, Joaquin, Jimenez, Miguel, Rodriguez, Manuel Alberto Macias, Quilez, Cristina, Pardo, Maria Rodriguez, Muñoz-Medina, Leopoldo, Figueruela, Blanca, Howe, Anita Y.M., Rodrigo, Chaturaka, Cunningham, Evan B., Douglas, Mark W., Dietz, Julia, Grebely, Jason, Popping, Stephanie, Sfalcin, Javier Alejandro, Parczewski, Milosz, Sarrazin, Christoph, de Salazar, Adolfo, Fuentes, Ana, Sayan, Murat, Quer, Josep, Kjellin, Midori, Kileng, Hege, Mor, Orna, Lennerstrand, Johan, Fourati, Slim, Di Maio, Velia Chiara, Chulanov, Vladimir, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, Harrigan, P. Richard, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, and Garcia, Federico

Published
2022
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12. Interventions to enhance testing, linkage to care, and treatment initiation for hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Cunningham, Evan B, Wheeler, Alice, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, French, Clare E, Roche, Rachel, Marshall, Alison D, Fontaine, Guillaume, Conway, Anna, Valencia, Braulio M, Bajis, Sahar, Presseau, Justin, Ward, John W, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dore, Gregory J, Hickman, Matthew, Vickerman, Peter, and Grebely, Jason

Published
2022
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14. Evaluation of hepatitis C treatment-as-prevention within Australian prisons (SToP-C): a prospective cohort study

Author

Loveday, Stuart, Dore, Gregory, Lloyd, Andrew, Grebely, Jason, Butler, Tony, Chambers, Georgina, Treloar, Carla, Byrne, Marianne, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Marks, Pip, Tamaddoni, Mahshid, Obeid, Stephanie, Estivill Mercade, Gerard, Martinez, Maria, Donnelly, Roy, McGrath, Colette, Bowman, Julia, Trevethan, Lee, Lagios, Katerina, Grant, Luke, Murrell, Terry, Bath, Nicky, Tawil, Victor, Stevens, Annabelle, Topp, Libby, Churchill, Alison, Pinnock, Kate, Martin, Natasha, Drew, Steven, Harrod, Mary, Smith, Angela, Williams, Ronella, Cooper, Brigid, Somes, Kelly, Burns, Carina, Kaur, Anoop, Lobo, Camilla, Conroy, Karen, McCredie, Luke, Café, Carolyn, Anlezark, Jodie, Rawlinson, William, Yeang, Malinna, Wynn, Matthew, Willenborg, Christiana, Amin, Janaki, McManus, Hamish, Cunningham, Evan B, Vickerman, Peter, Martin, Natasha K, McHutchison, John G, Brainard, Diana M, Chambers, Georgina M, Mcgrath, Colette, Lloyd, Andrew R, and Dore, Gregory J

Published
2021
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15. Hepatitis C treatment outcome among people in prison: The SToP‐C study.

Author

Ryan, Hannah, Dore, Gregory J., Grebely, Jason, Byrne, Marianne, Cunningham, Evan B., Martinello, Marianne, Lloyd, Andrew R., and Hajarizadeh, Behzad

Subjects
HEPATITIS C virus, TREATMENT effectiveness, TREATMENT failure, CONTINUUM of care, DRUG utilization
Abstract

Background and Aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) burden is higher among people in prison given high prevalence of injecting drug use. This study evaluated direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) treatment outcome in prisons. Methods: The Surveillance and Treatment of Prisoners with hepatitis C (SToP‐C) study enrolled individuals incarcerated in four Australian prisons (2017–2019). Participants with detectable HCV RNA were offered sofosbuvir‐velpatasvir for 12 weeks. Sustained virological response (SVR) was assessed in intention‐to‐treat (ITT; participants commencing treatment and due for SVR assessment before study close) and per‐protocol (PP; participants with documented treatment completion and SVR assessment) populations. Results: Among 799 participants with HCV, 324 (41%) commenced treatment (94% male; median age, 32 years; median duration of incarceration, 9 months). In ITT population (n = 310), 201 had documented treatment completion (65% [95% CI: 59–70]), and 137 achieved SVR (ITT‐SVR: 44% [95% CI: 39–50]). In PP population (n = 143), 137 achieved SVR (PP‐SVR: 96% [95% CI: 91–98]). Six participants had quantifiable HCV RNA at SVR assessment from treatment failure (n = 2) or reinfection (n = 4). Release or inter‐prison transfer was common reasons for no documented treatment completion (n = 106/109 [97%]) and no SVR assessment (n = 57/58 [98%]). In ITT analysis, longer incarceration was associated with increased SVR (adjusted OR per month 1.03 [95% CI: 1.01–1.04]). Conclusion: Among participants who completed DAA treatment and were assessed for SVR, treatment outcome was consistent with non‐prison clinical studies. However, most individuals did not complete treatment or lacked study‐documented treatment outcome due to release or transfer. Strategies to accommodate dynamic prisoner populations are required to ensure continuity of HCV care, including treatment completion and post‐treatment care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial Involving Financial Incentives to Facilitate Hepatitis C Treatment Uptake Among People Who Inject Drugs: ETHOS Engage Study.

Author

Marshall, Alison D., Conway, Anna, Cunningham, Evan B., Valerio, Heather, Silk, David, Alavi, Maryam, Tillakeratne, Shane, Wade, Alexandra, Lam, Thao, Zohrab, Krista, Dunlop, Adrian, Connelly, Craig, Cock, Victoria, Burns, Carina, Henderson, Charles, Christmass, Michael, Dore, Gregory J., and Grebely, Jason

Subjects
MONETARY incentives, HEPATITIS C virus, INCENTIVE (Psychology), HEPATITIS C, STORED-value cards
Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to establish the feasibility of implementing a larger RCT designed to evaluate the effect of financial incentives on HCV treatment initiation among persons receiving opioid agonist therapy and/or who have injected drugs in the prior six months. ETHOS Engage is an observational cohort of participants recruited from drug treatment and needle and syringe programs in Australia. Among 11 drug and alcohol clinics, participants who were HCV RNA-positive were randomized (1:1) to receive standard of care or a AUD $60 gift card at treatment initiation. Regarding feasibility, 100% (57/57) of eligible participants enrolled to take part. Twenty-eight participants were randomised to the financial incentive arm (AUD $60 gift card) plus standard of care and 29 participants to the standard of care arm. In this pilot RCT (n = 57), median age was 42 years (IQR 37–49), 63% were male (n = 36), 35% Indigenous (n = 20) and 36% (n = 21) reported injecting drugs daily in the past month. Twelve weeks post-study enrolment, 11 (39%) participants in the financial incentive arm and 17 (59%) participants in the standard of care arm initiated HCV treatment. Findings indicate high feasibility among people who inject drugs to be randomised to receive financial incentives to initiate HCV treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Direct-acting antiviral therapies for hepatitis C infection: global registration, reimbursement, and restrictions

Author

Marshall, Alison D, primary, Willing, Alex R, additional, Kairouz, Abe, additional, Cunningham, Evan B, additional, Wheeler, Alice, additional, O’Brien, Nicholas, additional, Perera, Vidura, additional, Ward, John W, additional, Hiebert, Lindsey, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, additional, Colledge, Samantha, additional, Hickman, Matthew, additional, Jawad, Danielle, additional, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, additional, Matthews, Gail V, additional, Scheibe, Andrew, additional, Vickerman, Peter, additional, Dore, Gregory J, additional, Grebely, Jason, additional, Sargsyants, N., additional, Suleymanova, L., additional, Salkic, N., additional, Simonova, M., additional, Nemeth-Blazic, T., additional, Mravcik, V., additional, Kivimets, K., additional, Salupere, R., additional, Butsashvili, M., additional, Soselia, G., additional, Makara, M., additional, Tolmane, I., additional, Jancorienė, L., additional, Stratulat, S., additional, Flisiak, R., additional, Gheorghe, L., additional, Cernat, R., additional, Lakhov, A., additional, Stanevich, O., additional, Jarcuska, P., additional, Peck-Radosavljevic, M., additional, Robaeys, G., additional, Øvrehus, A., additional, Foster, G., additional, Sutinen, J., additional, Farkkila, M., additional, Rautiainen, H., additional, Vuoti, S., additional, Nikolova, D., additional, Pawlotsky, J.M., additional, Rockstroh, J., additional, Sypsa, V., additional, Papatheodoridis, G., additional, Olafsson, S., additional, Feeney, E., additional, Teti, E., additional, Seguin-Devaux, C., additional, Pocock, J., additional, Reiff, S., additional, McDougall, N., additional, Van der Valk, M., additional, Dalgard, O., additional, Tato Marinho, R., additional, Dillon, J., additional, Peters, E., additional, Bojovic, K., additional, Matičič, M., additional, Kåberg, M., additional, Bruggmann, P., additional, Healy, B., additional, Chong, V.H., additional, Yi, S., additional, Tucker, J., additional, Pasaribu, L.R., additional, Tanaka, J., additional, Ashley, E.A., additional, Abu Hassan, M.R., additional, Mohammed, N.S., additional, Chan, H.K., additional, Gidaagaya, S., additional, Kyi, K.P., additional, Hyung Joon, K., additional, Chin, B., additional, Baladjay, P.C., additional, Kao, J.H., additional, Wansom, T., additional, da Cruz, B., additional, Flower, B., additional, Ehsan, E., additional, Al Mahtab, M., additional, Khandu, L., additional, Bhadoria, A.S., additional, Alavi, M., additional, KC, P., additional, Hamid, S., additional, Biryukov, S., additional, Alymbaeva, D., additional, Alaei, A., additional, Bakieva, S., additional, Flichman, D., additional, Carmo, R.F., additional, Valdez, E., additional, Cortes, C.P., additional, Contreras, F., additional, Teran, E., additional, Velez-Moller, P., additional, Jagnarine, T., additional, Mills, M., additional, Goodman-Meza, D., additional, Sánchez, J., additional, Montenegro-Idrogo, J.J., additional, Lugo Canales, A.M., additional, Davy, J., additional, Alexander, A., additional, Gerona, S., additional, Perazzo, R., additional, Balak, D., additional, Kelly-Hanku, A., additional, Fineanganofo, A., additional, Gane, E., additional, Raymond, N., additional, Debzi, N., additional, Sridharan, K., additional, Waked, I., additional, Turner, D., additional, Shibolet, O., additional, Al Muzaini, A., additional, El Nakib, M., additional, Sheriff, D.S., additional, Brahni, T., additional, Essayagh, T., additional, Essayagh, S., additional, Hjaija, D., additional, Al-Naamani, K., additional, Sanai, F.M., additional, Pasquale, H., additional, Bedri, S., additional, Chakroun, M., additional, Ghrabi, A., additional, Akarca, U.S., additional, Falcao, V., additional, Edmond Gbedo, S., additional, Ouoba, S., additional, Nyabenda, F., additional, Rocher Mbella, M., additional, Mahamat Moussa, A., additional, Youssouf, T., additional, Boniface, Y., additional, Akilimali Shindano, T., additional, Hamida, M.E., additional, Mongo, A., additional, Mapapa, C., additional, Desalegn, H., additional, Embinga, E.L.A., additional, Ndow, G., additional, Nartey, Y., additional, Cisse, M., additional, Djalo, M.A., additional, Mugambi, M., additional, Nyakowa, M., additional, Jeuronlon, M.K., additional, Ngoma, J., additional, Manitrala Ramanampamonjy, R., additional, Naik, K., additional, Soyjaudah, M.D., additional, Filipe, E., additional, Nnakelu, E., additional, Serumondo, J., additional, Mbodj, M., additional, Patino, M., additional, Aalto, M.K., additional, Waweru, P., additional, Dagnra, A., additional, Ocama, P., additional, Maghimbi, A., additional, Hamooya, B.M., additional, Katsidzira, L., additional, Rios, C., additional, Thormann, M., additional, Al Marzooqi, N., additional, Al Rand, H.M., additional, Francois, K., additional, Hamoudi, W., additional, Alkharty, M., additional, Skripo, O., additional, and Uka, T., additional

Published
2024
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23. Paritaprevir, ritonavir, ombitasvir, and dasabuvir with and without ribavirin in people with HCV genotype 1 and recent injecting drug use or receiving opioid substitution therapy

Author

Grebely, Jason, Conway, Brian, Cunningham, Evan B., Fraser, Chris, Moriggia, Alberto, Gane, Ed, Stedman, Catherine, Cooper, Curtis, Castro, Erika, Schmid, Patrick, Petoumenos, Kathy, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Marks, Phillipa, Erratt, Amanda, Dalgard, Olav, Lacombe, Karine, Feld, Jordan J., Bruneau, Julie, Daulouede, Jean-Pierre, Powis, Jeff, Bruggmann, Philip, Matthews, Gail V., Kronborg, Ian, Shaw, David, Dunlop, Adrian, Hellard, Margaret, Applegate, Tanya L., Crawford, Sione, and Dore, Gregory J

Published
2018
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24. Adherence to sofosbuvir and velpatasvir among people with chronic HCV infection and recent injection drug use: The SIMPLIFY study

Author

Cunningham, Evan B., Amin, Janaki, Feld, Jordan J., Bruneau, Julie, Dalgard, Olav, Powis, Jeff, Hellard, Margaret, Cooper, Curtis, Read, Phillip, Conway, Brian, Dunlop, Adrian J., Norton, Briana, Litwin, Alain H., Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Thurnheer, Maria Christine, Dillon, John F., Weltman, Martin, Shaw, David, Bruggmann, Philip, Gane, Edward, Fraser, Chris, Marks, Philippa, Applegate, Tanya L., Quiene, Sophie, Siriragavan, Sharmila, Matthews, Gail V., Dore, Gregory J., and Grebely, Jason

Published
2018
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26. Acceptability and preferences of point-of-care finger-stick whole-blood and venepuncture hepatitis C virus testing among people who inject drugs in Australia

Author

Bajis, Sahar, Maher, Lisa, Treloar, Carla, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Lamoury, Francois M.J., Mowat, Yasmin, Schulz, Marcel, Marshall, Alison D., Cunningham, Evan B., Cock, Victoria, Ezard, Nadine, Gorton, Carla, Hayllar, Jeremy, Smith, Julie, Whelan, Michelle, Martinello, Marianne, Applegate, Tanya L., Dore, Gregory J., and Grebely, Jason

Published
2018
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28. Sofosbuvir and velpatasvir for hepatitis C virus infection in people with recent injection drug use (SIMPLIFY): an open-label, single-arm, phase 4, multicentre trial

Author

Grebely, Jason, Dalgard, Olav, Conway, Brian, Cunningham, Evan B, Bruggmann, Philip, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Amin, Janaki, Bruneau, Julie, Hellard, Margaret, Litwin, Alain H, Marks, Philippa, Quiene, Sophie, Siriragavan, Sharmila, Applegate, Tanya L, Swan, Tracy, Byrne, Jude, Lacalamita, Melanie, Dunlop, Adrian, Matthews, Gail V, Powis, Jeff, Shaw, David, Thurnheer, Maria Christine, Weltman, Martin, Kronborg, Ian, Cooper, Curtis, Feld, Jordan J, Fraser, Chris, Dillon, John F, Read, Phillip, Gane, Ed, and Dore, Gregory J

Published
2018
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29. Health-related quality of life of people who inject drugs: The ETHOS Engage Study

Author

Cheng, Qinglu, primary, Valerio, Heather, additional, Cunningham, Evan B., additional, Shih, Sophy TF., additional, Silk, David, additional, Conway, Anna, additional, Treloar, Carla, additional, Murray, Carolyn, additional, Henderson, Charles, additional, Amin, Janaki, additional, Read, Phillip, additional, Dore, Gregory J., additional, and Grebely, Jason, additional

Published
2023
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33. Changes in risk behaviours during and following treatment for hepatitis C virus infection among people who inject drugs: The ACTIVATE study

Author

Midgard, Håvard, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Cunningham, Evan B., Conway, Brian, Backmund, Markus, Bruggmann, Philip, Bruneau, Julie, Bourgeois, Stefan, Dunlop, Adrian, Foster, Graham R., Hellard, Margaret, Robaeys, Geert, Thurnheer, Maria C., Weltman, Martin, Amin, Janaki, Marks, Philippa S., Quiene, Sophie, Dore, Gregory J., Dalgard, Olav, and Grebely, Jason

Published
2017
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34. Efficacy of response-guided directly observed pegylated interferon and self-administered ribavirin for people who inject drugs with hepatitis C virus genotype 2/3 infection: The ACTIVATE study

Author

Grebely, Jason, Dalgard, Olav, Cunningham, Evan B., Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Foster, Graham R., Bruggmann, Philip, Conway, Brian, Backmund, Markus, Robaeys, Geert, Swan, Tracy, Amin, Janaki, Marks, Philippa S., Quiene, Sophie, Applegate, Tanya L., Weltman, Martin, Shaw, David, Dunlop, Adrian, Hellard, Margaret, Bruneau, Julie, Midgard, Håvard, Bourgeois, Stefan, Staehelin, Cornelia, and Dore, Gregory J.

Published
2017
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36. Needle and syringe sharing among people who have recently injected drugs in Australia: The ETHOS Engage Study.

Author

Farooq, Abdullah, Valerio, Heather, Wheeler, Alice, Martinello, Marianne, Henderson, Charles, Silk, David, Degenhardt, Louisa, Read, Phillip, Dore, Gregory J., Grebely, Jason, Cunningham, Evan B., Bath, Nicky, Treloar, Carla, Milat, Andrew, Dunlop, Adrian, Amin, Janaki, Holden, Jo, Murray, Carolyn, Leadbeatter, Kyle, and Day, Emma

Subjects
NEEDLE sharing, HEPATITIS C virus, HARM reduction, DRUGS, ODDS ratio
Abstract

Introduction: Understanding needle/syringe sharing is crucial for reducing hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and reinfection. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with needle/syringe sharing among people who inject drugs in Australia, including those previously receiving HCV treatment. Methods: The ETHOS Engage study was an observational cohort study which collected self‐reported survey data on demographic and drug use information from people who inject drugs attending drug treatment clinics and needle and syringe programs over two waves between May 2018 and June 2021. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with needle/syringe sharing. Results: Overall, 1555/2395 people enrolled in ETHOS Engage (65%) injected drugs in the past month. Among these, 432 (28%) reported needle/syringe sharing in the past month and 276 (18%) reported receptive sharing. Factors associated with receptive sharing included younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–2.30), recent incarceration (aOR 2.04; 95% CI 1.40–2.94), more frequent injecting (≥daily vs. less than weekly; aOR 2.59; 95% CI 1.75–3.84) and unstable housing (aOR 1.78; 95% CI 1.26–2.52). Among 560 participants with prior HCV treatment, 87 (16%) reported receptive sharing with younger age (aOR 2.42; 95% CI 1.45–4.05) and daily or greater injection frequency (aOR 2.51; 95% CI 1.31–4.83) associated with receptive sharing. Discussion and Conclusions: Needle/syringe sharing was common among this population accessing harm reduction services. This study identifies high‐risk populations with needle/syringe sharing. Research is needed to optimise HCV treatment to ensure people with ongoing risk behaviours receive adequate harm reduction following treatment to prevent reinfection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. Scale-up of Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment in Prisons Is Both Cost-effective and Key to Hepatitis C Virus Elimination.

Author

Shih, Sophy T F, Stone, Jack, Martin, Natasha K, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Cunningham, Evan B, Kwon, Jisoo A, McGrath, Colette, Grant, Luke, Grebely, Jason, Dore, Gregory J, Lloyd, Andrew R, Vickerman, Peter, and Chambers, Georgina M

Subjects
HEPATITIS C virus, CLINICAL trial registries, DRUG prices, PRISONS, HEPATITIS C
Abstract

Background The Surveillance and Treatment of Prisoners With Hepatitis C (SToP-C) study demonstrated that scaling up of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment reduced hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of scaling up HCV treatment in statewide prison services incorporating long-term outcomes across custodial and community settings. Methods A dynamic model of incarceration and HCV transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID) in New South Wales, Australia, was extended to include former PWID and those with long-term HCV progression. Using Australian costing data, we estimated the cost-effectiveness of scaling up HCV treatment in prisons by 44% (as achieved by the SToP-C study) for 10 years (2021–2030) before reducing to baseline levels, compared to a status quo scenario. The mean incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated by comparing the differences in costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) between the scale-up and status quo scenarios over 40 years (2021–2060) discounted at 5% per annum. Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Results Scaling up HCV treatment in the statewide prison service is projected to be cost-effective with a mean ICER of A$12 968/QALY gained. The base-case scenario gains 275 QALYs over 40 years at a net incremental cost of A$3.6 million. Excluding DAA pharmaceutical costs, the mean ICER is reduced to A$6 054/QALY. At the willingness-to-pay threshold of A$50 000/QALY, 100% of simulations are cost-effective at various discount rates, time horizons, and changes of treatment levels in prison and community. Conclusions Scaling up HCV testing and treatment in prisons is highly cost-effective and should be considered a priority in the national elimination strategy. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02064049. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Patient reported outcomes during and following HCV direct-acting antiviral treatment among people who inject drugs

Author

Cheng, Qinglu, primary, Cunningham, Evan B., additional, Shih, Sophy, additional, Amin, Janaki, additional, Bruneau, Julie, additional, Artenie, Adelina A., additional, Powis, Jeff, additional, Litwin, Alain H., additional, Cooper, Curtis, additional, Dalgard, Olav, additional, Hellard, Margaret, additional, Bruggmann, Philip, additional, Marks, Philippa, additional, Lacombe, Karine, additional, Stedman, Catherine, additional, Read, Phillip, additional, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, additional, Dunlop, Adrian J., additional, Conway, Brian, additional, Feld, Jordan J., additional, Dore, Gregory J., additional, and Grebely, Jason, additional

Published
2023
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40. A national programme to scale-up decentralised hepatitis C point-of-care testing and treatment in Australia

Author

Hosseini-Hooshyar, Samira, Sheehan, Yumi, Shaw, Ineke, Cunningham, Philip, Fowlie, Carrie, Marshall, Alison D, Byrne, Marianne, Treloar, Carla, Shih, Sophy TF, Gray, Richard T, Wiseman, Virginia, Applegate, Tanya L, Guy, Rebecca, Martinello, Marianne, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Lafferty, Lise, Dimech, Wayne, Cabuang, Liza, Dawson, Olivia, Read, Philip, Pedrana, Alisa, Thompson, Alexander J, O'Loan, Joss, Grebely, Jason, Markus, Corey, Causer, Louise M, Silk, David, Comben, Simon, Lloyd, Andrew R, Martinez, Maria, Cunningham, Evan B, O'Flynn, Mim, Dore, Gregory J, and Matthews, Susan

Published
2023
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42. Prevalence and factors associated with hospitalisation for bacterial skin infections among people who inject drugs: The ETHOS Engage Study

Author

Wheeler, Alice, primary, Valerio, Heather, additional, Cunningham, Evan B., additional, Martinello, Marianne, additional, Barocas, Joshua A., additional, Colledge-Frisby, Samantha, additional, Treloar, Carla, additional, Amin, Janaki, additional, Henderson, Charles, additional, Read, Phillip, additional, Matthews, Gail V., additional, Dunlop, Adrian J., additional, Gorton, Carla, additional, Hayllar, Jeremy, additional, Alavi, Maryam, additional, Murray, Carolyn, additional, Marks, Phillipa, additional, Silk, David, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Dore, Gregory J., additional, and Grebely, Jason, additional

Published
2022
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43. Hepatitis C virus reinfection following direct acting antiviral treatment in the prison setting: the SToP-C study

Author

Carson, Joanne, primary, Dore, Gregory, additional, Lloyd, Andrew, additional, Grebely, Jason, additional, Byrne, Marianne, additional, Cunningham, Evan B, additional, Amin, Janaki, additional, Vickerman, Peter, additional, Martin, Natasha, additional, Treloar, Carla, additional, Matthews, Gail, additional, and Hajarizadeh, Behzad, additional

Published
2022
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44. Willingness of people who inject drugs to participate in a randomised controlled trial involving financial incentives to initiate hepatitis C treatment

Author

Marshall, Alison D., primary, Conway, Anna, additional, Cunningham, Evan B., additional, Valerio, Heather, additional, Silk, David, additional, Alavi, Maryam, additional, Wade, Alexandra, additional, Lam, Thao, additional, Zohrab, Krista, additional, Dunlop, Adrian, additional, Connelly, Chris, additional, Christmass, Michael, additional, Cock, Victoria, additional, Burns, Carina, additional, Henderson, Charles, additional, Wiseman, Virginia, additional, Dore, Gregory J., additional, and Grebely, Jason, additional

Published
2022
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45. Characteristics of hepatitis C virus resistance in an international cohort after a decade of direct-acting antivirals

Author

Howe, Anita Y. M., Rodrigo, Chaturaka, Cunningham, Evan B., Douglas, Mark W., Dietz, Julia, Grebely, Jason, Popping, Stephanie, Sfalcin, Javier Alejandro, Parczewski, Milosz, Sarrazin, Christoph, de Salazar, Adolfo, Fuentes, Ana, Sayan, Murat, Quer, Josep, Kjellin, Midori, Kileng, Hege, Mor, Orna, Lennerstrand, Johan, Fourati, Slim, Di Maio, Velia Chiara, Chulanov, Vladimir, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, Harrigan, P. Richard, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, Garcia, Federico, Howe, Anita Y. M., Rodrigo, Chaturaka, Cunningham, Evan B., Douglas, Mark W., Dietz, Julia, Grebely, Jason, Popping, Stephanie, Sfalcin, Javier Alejandro, Parczewski, Milosz, Sarrazin, Christoph, de Salazar, Adolfo, Fuentes, Ana, Sayan, Murat, Quer, Josep, Kjellin, Midori, Kileng, Hege, Mor, Orna, Lennerstrand, Johan, Fourati, Slim, Di Maio, Velia Chiara, Chulanov, Vladimir, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, Harrigan, P. Richard, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, and Garcia, Federico

Abstract

Background & Aims: Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens provide a cure in >95% of patients with chronic HCV infection. However, in some patients in whom therapy fails, resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) can develop, limiting retreatment options and risking onward resistant virus transmission. In this study, we evaluated RAS prevalence and distribution, including novel NS5A RASs and clinical factors associated with RAS selection, among patients who experienced DAA treatment failure. Methods: SHARED is an international consortium of clinicians and scientists studying HCV drug resistance. HCV sequence linked metadata from 3,355 patients were collected from 22 countries. NS3, NS5A, and NS5B RASs in virologic failures, including novel NS5A substitutions, were examined. Associations of clinical and demographic characteristics with RAS selection were investigated. Results: The frequency of RASs increased from its natural prevalence following DAA exposure: 37% to 60% in NS3, 29% to 80% in NS5A, 15% to 22% in NS5B for sofosbuvir, and 24% to 37% in NS5B for dasabuvir. Among 730 virologic failures, most were treated with first-generation DAAs, 94% had drug resistance in >-1 DAA class: 31% single-class resistance, 42% dual-class resistance (predominantly against protease and NS5A inhibitors), and 21% triple-class resistance. Distinct patterns containing >-2 highly resistant RASs were common. New potential NS5A RASs and adaptive changes were identified in genotypes 1a, 3, and 4. Following DAA failure, RAS selection was more frequent in older people with cirrhosis and those infected with genotypes 1b and 4. Conclusions: Drug resistance in HCV is frequent after DAA treatment failure. Previously unrecognized substitutions continue to emerge and remain uncharacterized.Lay summary: Although direct-acting antiviral medications effectively cure hepatitis C in most patients, sometimes treatment selects for resistant viruses, causing antiviral drugs to be either in

Published
2022
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46. Characteristics of hepatitis C virus resistance in an international cohort after a decade of direct-acting antivirals

Author

Howe, Anita Y.M., Rodrigo, Chaturaka, Cunningham, Evan B., Douglas, Mark W., Dietz, Julia, Grebely, Jason, Popping, Stephanie, Sfalcin, Javier Alejandro, Parczewski, Milosz, Sarrazin, Christoph, de Salazar, Adolfo, Fuentes, Ana, Sayan, Murat, Quer, Josep, Kjellin, Midori, Kileng, Hege, Mor, Orna, Lennerstrand, Johan, Fourati, Slim, Di Maio, Velia Chiara, Chulanov, Vladimir, Pawlotsky, Jean Michel, Harrigan, P. Richard, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, Garcia, Federico, Howe, Anita Y.M., Rodrigo, Chaturaka, Cunningham, Evan B., Douglas, Mark W., Dietz, Julia, Grebely, Jason, Popping, Stephanie, Sfalcin, Javier Alejandro, Parczewski, Milosz, Sarrazin, Christoph, de Salazar, Adolfo, Fuentes, Ana, Sayan, Murat, Quer, Josep, Kjellin, Midori, Kileng, Hege, Mor, Orna, Lennerstrand, Johan, Fourati, Slim, Di Maio, Velia Chiara, Chulanov, Vladimir, Pawlotsky, Jean Michel, Harrigan, P. Richard, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, and Garcia, Federico

Abstract

Background & Aims: Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens provide a cure in >95% of patients with chronic HCV infection. However, in some patients in whom therapy fails, resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) can develop, limiting retreatment options and risking onward resistant virus transmission. In this study, we evaluated RAS prevalence and distribution, including novel NS5A RASs and clinical factors associated with RAS selection, among patients who experienced DAA treatment failure. Methods: SHARED is an international consortium of clinicians and scientists studying HCV drug resistance. HCV sequence linked metadata from 3,355 patients were collected from 22 countries. NS3, NS5A, and NS5B RASs in virologic failures, including novel NS5A substitutions, were examined. Associations of clinical and demographic characteristics with RAS selection were investigated. Results: The frequency of RASs increased from its natural prevalence following DAA exposure: 37% to 60% in NS3, 29% to 80% in NS5A, 15% to 22% in NS5B for sofosbuvir, and 24% to 37% in NS5B for dasabuvir. Among 730 virologic failures, most were treated with first-generation DAAs, 94% had drug resistance in ≥1 DAA class: 31% single-class resistance, 42% dual-class resistance (predominantly against protease and NS5A inhibitors), and 21% triple-class resistance. Distinct patterns containing ≥2 highly resistant RASs were common. New potential NS5A RASs and adaptive changes were identified in genotypes 1a, 3, and 4. Following DAA failure, RAS selection was more frequent in older people with cirrhosis and those infected with genotypes 1b and 4. Conclusions: Drug resistance in HCV is frequent after DAA treatment failure. Previously unrecognized substitutions continue to emerge and remain uncharacterized. Lay summary: Although direct-acting antiviral medications effectively cure hepatitis C in most patients, sometimes treatment selects for resistant viruses, causing antiviral drugs to be either ineffe

Published
2022

47. Characteristics of hepatitis C virus resistance in an international cohort after a decade of direct-acting antivirals

Author

Howe, Anita Y M, Rodrigo, Chaturaka, Cunningham, Evan B, Douglas, Mark W, et al, Müllhaupt, Beat; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9020-8192, Howe, Anita Y M, Rodrigo, Chaturaka, Cunningham, Evan B, Douglas, Mark W, et al, and Müllhaupt, Beat; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9020-8192

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens provide a cure in >95% of patients with chronic HCV infection. However, in some patients in whom therapy fails, resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) can develop, limiting retreatment options and risking onward resistant virus transmission. In this study, we evaluated RAS prevalence and distribution, including novel NS5A RASs and clinical factors associated with RAS selection, among patients who experienced DAA treatment failure. METHODS SHARED is an international consortium of clinicians and scientists studying HCV drug resistance. HCV sequence linked metadata from 3,355 patients were collected from 22 countries. NS3, NS5A, and NS5B RASs in virologic failures, including novel NS5A substitutions, were examined. Associations of clinical and demographic characteristics with RAS selection were investigated. RESULTS The frequency of RASs increased from its natural prevalence following DAA exposure: 37% to 60% in NS3, 29% to 80% in NS5A, 15% to 22% in NS5B for sofosbuvir, and 24% to 37% in NS5B for dasabuvir. Among 730 virologic failures, most were treated with first-generation DAAs, 94% had drug resistance in ≥1 DAA class: 31% single-class resistance, 42% dual-class resistance (predominantly against protease and NS5A inhibitors), and 21% triple-class resistance. Distinct patterns containing ≥2 highly resistant RASs were common. New potential NS5A RASs and adaptive changes were identified in genotypes 1a, 3, and 4. Following DAA failure, RAS selection was more frequent in older people with cirrhosis and those infected with genotypes 1b and 4. CONCLUSIONS Drug resistance in HCV is frequent after DAA treatment failure. Previously unrecognized substitutions continue to emerge and remain uncharacterized. LAY SUMMARY Although direct-acting antiviral medications effectively cure hepatitis C in most patients, sometimes treatment selects for resistant viruses, causing antiviral drugs to be either ineffective or only p

Published
2022

48. Characteristics of hepatitis C virus resistance in an international cohort after a decade of direct-acting antivirals

Author

Howe, Anita Y.M., primary, Rodrigo, Chaturaka, additional, Cunningham, Evan B., additional, Douglas, Mark W., additional, Dietz, Julia, additional, Grebely, Jason, additional, Popping, Stephanie, additional, Sfalcin, Javier Alejandro, additional, Parczewski, Milosz, additional, Sarrazin, Christoph, additional, de Salazar, Adolfo, additional, Fuentes, Ana, additional, Sayan, Murat, additional, Quer, Josep, additional, Kjellin, Midori, additional, Kileng, Hege, additional, Mor, Orna, additional, Lennerstrand, Johan, additional, Fourati, Slim, additional, Di Maio, Velia Chiara, additional, Chulanov, Vladimir, additional, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, additional, Harrigan, P. Richard, additional, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, additional, Garcia, Federico, additional, Martinello, Marianne, additional, Matthews, Gail, additional, Fernando, Fay Fabián, additional, Esteban, Juan I., additional, Müllhaupt, Beat, additional, Wiesch, Julian Schulze zur, additional, Buggisch, Peter, additional, Neumann-Haefelin, Christoph, additional, Berg, Thomas, additional, Berg, Christoph P., additional, Schattenberg, Jörn M., additional, Moreno, Christophe, additional, Stauber, Rudolf, additional, Lloyd, Andrew, additional, Dore, Gregory, additional, Applegate, Tanya, additional, Ignacio, Juan, additional, Garcia-Cehic, Damir, additional, Gregori, Josep, additional, Rodriguez-Frias, Francisco, additional, Rando, Ariadna, additional, Gozlan, Yael, additional, Angelico, Mario, additional, Andreoni, Massimo, additional, Babudieri, Sergio, additional, Bertoli, Ada, additional, Cento, Valeria, additional, Coppola, Nicola, additional, Craxì, Antonio, additional, Paolucci, Stefania, additional, Parruti, Giustino, additional, Pasquazzi, Caterina, additional, Perno, Carlo Federico, additional, Teti, Elisabetta, additional, Vironet, C., additional, Lannergård, Anders, additional, Duberg, Ann-Sofi, additional, Aleman, Soo, additional, Gutteberg, Tore, additional, Soulier, Alexandre, additional, Gourgeon, Aurélie, additional, Chevaliez, Stephane, additional, Pol, Stanislas, additional, Carrat, Fabrice, additional, Salmon, Dominique, additional, Kaiser, Rolf, additional, Knopes, Elena, additional, Gomes, Perpetua, additional, de Kneght, Rob, additional, Rijnders, Bart, additional, Poljak, Mario, additional, Lunar, Maja, additional, Usubillaga, Rafael, additional, Seguin_Devaux, Carole, additional, Tay, Enoch, additional, Wilson, Caroline, additional, Wang, Dao Sen, additional, George, Jacob, additional, Kok, Jen, additional, Pérez, Ana Belén, additional, Chueca, Natalia, additional, García-Deltoro, Miguel, additional, Martínez-Sapiña, Ana María, additional, Lara-Pérez, María Magdalena, additional, García-Bujalance, Silvia, additional, Aldámiz-Echevarría, Teresa, additional, Vera-Méndez, Francisco Jesús, additional, Pineda, Juan Antonio, additional, Casado, Marta, additional, Pascasio, Juan Manuel, additional, Salmerón, Javier, additional, Alados-Arboledas, Juan Carlos, additional, Poyato, Antonio, additional, Téllez, Francisco, additional, Rivero-Juárez, Antonio, additional, Merino, Dolores, additional, Vivancos-Gallego, María Jesús, additional, Rosales-Zábal, José Miguel, additional, Ocete, María Dolores, additional, Simón, Miguel Ángel, additional, Rincón, Pilar, additional, Reus, Sergi, additional, De la Iglesia, Alberto, additional, García-Arata, Isabel, additional, Jiménez, Miguel, additional, Jiménez, Fernando, additional, Hernández-Quero, José, additional, Galera, Carlos, additional, Balghata, Mohamed Omar, additional, Primo, Joaquín, additional, Masiá, Mar, additional, Espinosa, Nuria, additional, Delgado, Marcial, additional, von-Wichmann, Miguel Ángel, additional, Collado, Antonio, additional, Santos, Jesús, additional, Mínguez, Carlos, additional, Díaz-Flores, Felícitas, additional, Fernández, Elisa, additional, Bernal, Enrique, additional, De Juan, José, additional, Antón, José Joaquín, additional, Vélez, Mónica, additional, Aguilera, Antonio, additional, Navarro, Daniel, additional, Arenas, Juan Ignacio, additional, Fernández, Clotilde, additional, Espinosa, María Dolores, additional, Ríos, María José, additional, Alonso, Roberto, additional, Hidalgo, Carmen, additional, Hernández, Rosario, additional, Téllez, María Jesús, additional, Rodríguez, Francisco Javier, additional, Antequera, Pedro, additional, Delgado, Cristina, additional, Martín, Patricia, additional, Crespo, Javier, additional, Becerril, Berta, additional, Pérez, Oscar, additional, García-Herola, Antonio, additional, Montero, José, additional, Freyre, Carolina, additional, Grau, Concepción, additional, Cabezas, Joaquin, additional, Jimenez, Miguel, additional, Rodriguez, Manuel Alberto Macias, additional, Quilez, Cristina, additional, Pardo, Maria Rodriguez, additional, Muñoz-Medina, Leopoldo, additional, and Figueruela, Blanca, additional

Published
2022
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49. Optimizing Point-of-Care Testing Strategies for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Australia: A Model-Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Author

Shih, Sophy TF, primary, Cheng, Qinglu, additional, Carson, Joanne, additional, Valerio, Heather, additional, Sheehan, Yumi, additional, Gray, Richard T., additional, Cunningham, Evan B., additional, Kwon, Jisoo, additional, Lloyd, Andrew R., additional, Dore, Gregory J., additional, Wiseman, Virginia, additional, and Grebely, Jason, additional

Published
2022
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50. Progress and remaining challenges to address hepatitis C, other infectious diseases, and drug-related harms to improve the health of people who use drugs

Author

Grebely, Jason, primary, Collins, Alexandra B., additional, Artenie, Andreea Adelina, additional, Sutherland, Rachel, additional, Meyer, Jaimie P., additional, Barocas, Joshua A., additional, Falade-Nwulia, Oluwaseun, additional, Cepeda, Javier A., additional, Cunningham, Evan B., additional, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, additional, Lafferty, Lise, additional, Lazarus, Jeffrey V., additional, Bonn, Matthew, additional, Marshall, Alison D., additional, and Treloar, Carla, additional

Published
2021
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