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CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) is an imaging investigation that provides three-dimensional (3D) images of craniofacial structures. The purpose of this study is to determine the mechanical behavior of an orthodontic system where the lingual treatment technique was used in a 25-year-old female patient from whom a set of CBCT scans was used. CBCT images were processed through software programs such as Invesalius, Geomagic, and Solid Works, to create models containing virtual solids. These models were then imported into Ansys Workbench 2019 R3 (a finite element method software program) for successive simulations to generate displacement maps, deformations, stress distributions, and diagrams. We observed that in the lingual technique, the lowest force occurring on the maxillary teeth is at 1.1, while the highest force appears at 2.3. In the mandible, the lowest force occurs at 4.6, and the highest force at 3.1. The values of the forces and the results of the finite element method can represent a basis for the innovation of new orthodontic springs and also of bracket elements. Thus, by using new technologies, orthodontic practice can be significantly improved for the benefit of patients. Other virtual methods and techniques can be used in future studies, including the application of virtual reality for orthodontic diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article from the Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation explores the clinical and morphological aspects of gingival overgrowth caused by fixed orthodontic therapy. The study involved analyzing biopsies of gingival mucosa from patients undergoing orthodontic treatment to understand the tissue changes. The main causes of gingival overgrowth during orthodontic treatment are increased plaque accumulation and excessive pressure from orthodontic forces. The article emphasizes the importance of oral hygiene and the correct duration and approach to orthodontic therapy in preventing gingival overgrowth. It also discusses the different types of gingival overgrowth and the need for a collaborative approach involving dentists, orthodontists, and maxillofacial surgeons for effective treatment. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a preliminary study on the effects of laser decontamination on the dentinal walls of root canals. The study found that when the laser protocol was correctly applied, there were no morphological alterations on the canal walls. However, when the protocol was not correctly applied, areas of morphological alteration were identified. The study emphasizes the importance of following the operative protocol for laser decontamination to avoid unwanted side effects. Another article examines the temperature changes on the surface of human teeth roots after endodontic treatment using a diode laser. The study found that the use of the laser resulted in a significant increase in temperature on the root surface, which could potentially cause damage to the surrounding tissues. The authors suggest caution when using diode lasers in endodontic procedures to prevent thermal injury. [Extracted from the article]

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the surface roughness evolution of several finished and polished composites when bleaching materials are applied. The research was conducted on four microhybrid or nanofilled composites that are used in dental restorations. Materials and Methods: For each composite type, 5 samples were selected for control, 5 samples were subjected to the bleaching protocol "office bleach" with 40% hydrogen peroxide, and 5 other samples were subjected to the "home bleach" protocol with 16% carbamide peroxide, resulting in a total number of 60 samples. The surfaces of all the samples were tested for roughness, and the values of the most relevant parameter (Ra), were collected. Comparisons between composites and samples were performed using one-way ANOVA (in Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Results: After the bleaching protocol with 40% hydrogen peroxide gel, it was found that the roughness of the group increased considerably compared to the control group, so the highest roughness was found at GC Gradia direct anterior group, and the lowest value was registered for the 3M ESPE Valux Plus group. Following the bleaching protocol with 16% carbamide peroxide (home bleach), it was noted that the sample surfaces were not as affected. In this case, the lowest roughness was found at 3M ESPE Valux Plus group, and the highest roughness was registered for the GC G-aenial anterior group. Following the interpretation of the results, all four types of dental composites tested showed significant surface roughness differences between the groups subjected to bleaching protocols and those kept as control (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The surfaces of the samples were affected by the bleaching protocols by increasing the roughness compared to the control samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2005, the World Health Organization published the latest classification of odontogenic tumors (1). Within this classification, the odontogenic keratocyst with parakeratosis was called the odontogenickeratocystic tumor and was defined as a "uni- or multilocularintraosseous tumor of odontogenic origin, characteristically lined with a parakatinized type epithelial epithelium with an aggressive potential (1). The treatment of the dentigerodontogenic keratocyst is surgical and consists mostly of cystectomy (5). For large sizes, marginal or segmental marsupialisation or even resection (14,15) is indicated. This article presents a clinical case of a voluminous dentigerodontogenickeratocyst, localized to the mandible that was treated by marsupialization because of the risk of damage to the alveolar vasculo-nervous pack as well as the risk of fracture in the pathological bone if the radical treatment of first intention. After decompression of the cyst, the premise of bone regeneration is created due to the absence of intracystic pressure. One year after marsupialization, we proceed with a radical cure of the cyst and once the bone is healed, the edentation is treated by implanto-prosthetic rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performing alveolar corticotomies shortly before the application of orthodontic forces has been suggested as a method to improve the dental movement and, consequently, the orthodontic treatment as a whole. The study evaluate whether alveolar corticotomies can accelerate tooth movements in orthodontic treatment, if they can broaden the scope of treatment for different types of dento-maxillary abnormalities, reduce the need for dental extractions and sustain long-term stability. Several techniques have been proposed, although indications, type of surgery, possible postoperative complications, treatment objectives and patient satisfaction remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyse whether orthodontic treatment time is reduced in patients receiving alveolar corticotomies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is controversy in recent studies on the use of NSAIDs used to control pain and swelling after the insertion of dental implants that may interfere with the osteointegration process. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of tramadol versus codeine in pain management after the insertion of dental implants. In conclusion, according to this study, tramadol - containing analgesics are significantly more effective than those containing codeine / caffeine in reducing postoperative pain. It was also found that the selected group of analgesics containing codeine / caffeine were significantly more effective than those containing tramadol in reducing swelling, which was reported to be significantly lower in the first 3 days in the codeine / caffeine group. As a result, codeine / caffeine-containing analgesics are effective and acceptable in reducing pain and inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large apical lesions at the anterior teeth have a fairly high frequency. These require a treatment approach that ensures full biological healing and functional restoration of the tooth or teeth involved. A cystic apical lesion, which can not be cured by non-surgical endodontic treatment, will be treated with surgical intervention with retrograde filling, literature recommending the use of MTA as a retrograde filling material. This article presents a clinical case for the surgical management of a cystic lesion using MTA as a retrograde material. Surgical endodontics is a reliable treatment method for managing such cases that do not respond to conventional root canal treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioceramic-based fillers have been evaluated in several in vitro studies but in vivo studies are still limited. The present study examined 36 postoperative radiographic analyses that were divided into four groups, of which three used bioceramic-based fillers, namely Total Fill, BioRoot RCS and Biodentine, while the fourth group was used as control and implemented the resin-based AH Plus Jet sealer. The present results did not indicate significant differences in radiopacity between sealers at a certain level of obturation. Biodentine-based fillers have a radiodensity close to that of dentin, which makes it difficult for the physician to radiologically assess the correctness of the canal filling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) induced by treatment with bisphosphonates is an adverse effect at this class of drugs whose history in the treatment of osteoporosis and bone malignant neoplasm is not very long, the fi rst cases being reported in 2003-2004. Unfortunately, progress on both the number of cases and their complexity is fulminating. Currently, any dentist should be familiar with the symptoms of the disease but also with the potential risk of onset as well as its prevention. In this paper we present a therapeutic protocol that includes the use of piezosurgery, laser therapy, autologous platelet concentrates (A-PRF) and antibiotic applicable in patients with osteoporosis or bone malignancies undergoing treatment with bisphosphonates intravenously so as to prevent the installation of ONJ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various plasticizers and nanomaterials have been linked to endocrine disruptors or endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which represent a large, heterogeneous, yet incompletely understood group of structures acting on normal and pathological body pathways such as hormonal production, secretion, transport and receptor binding. By contrast, various applications of nanoparticles are currently under investigation since the delivery of useful drugs, particularly insulin in diabetes mellitus, is essential in case of insulin deficiency. The aim of the present review was to introduce and examine different plasticizers and nanomaterials with potential applications for diabetic patients (such as selenium or gold-based nanoparticles that help the oral delivery of insulin) or plasticizers/nanomaterials acting similarly to EDCs in relation to the human and animal body, particularly glucose metabolism impairment such as diabetes mellitus (DM). Bisphenol A is a chemical used worldwide; however, the effect of exposure varies with regard to the source, environment, time of exposure and the age of the organism. Daily exposure is mostly related to food and drinks stored in polycarbonate plastics. However, exposure may also be through the skin or through the maternal placenta or breast milk which are risk factors for the fetus and for the newborn. It exerts an estrogen-like profile, but it also induces insulin resistance by impairing peripheral insulin receptors or it decreases insulin secretion by acting at the level of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. Phthalates, compounds of flexible plastics, act as EDCs via their human metabolites such as diethyl phthalate and derivative monoethyl phthalate. Their role in inducing gestational DM and weight gain/obesity during pregnancy has been showcased. The vast field of plasticizers and nanomolecules acting as endocrine disruptors is widely linked to clinical aspects of DM, a serious condition with a major population impact. The importance of understanding and using these agents and applications is reflected in saving numerous human lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis, there are general systemic factors which play a major role, such as osteoporosis, with menopause as the most common etiological factor, and other pathological determining conditions for osteoporosis as well (ovary, thyroid and malignant tumors). The aim of the present study was to assess the correlations between periodontal indices and osteoporosis. The study was performed on 35 patients with periodontal disease aged between 45 and 79 years. These patients were divided into two groups: a study group with osteoporosis and periodontal disease (n=25) and a control group with periodontal disease (n=10) only. The periodontal assessment included community periodontal index (CPI), gingival inflammation index (GI), plaque index (PI), body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), tooth mobility and tooth loss. Osteoporosis was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results were statistically analyzed with Microsoft Excel software and XLSTAT. The results showed that patients in the study group had higher values of periodontal indices, and a highly significant inverse correlation was observed between the CPI and the tooth loss. Inverse correlations between BMI and tooth mobility, as well as BMI and CPI were determined for the study group. In conclusion, the positive association between BMD and GI shows that the gingival index can be a predictive factor in the occurrence of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increase in size of cysts is slowly in intraosseous stage. When the osteoperiosteal barrier is overcome cysts usually become clinically evident and evolution is faster. A clinical case belongs to a 39 years old patient who presented to the doctor for the emergence of large deformation of labial and nasal-genian left region, accompanied by pain and functional disorders. Patient charges serious disturbances in mastication and important esthetic disorders: facial asymmetry, lifting the left wing nose, nasal-gentian delete ditch, deepening ditches left lower eyelid, lifting oral commissure on the affected side. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maxillary sinus augmentation procedure is well documented and successfully used in recent years to enable insertion of dental implants in the maxillary posterior area. When crestal bone has a minimum height of 5 mm implants can be inserted in the same session with sinus augmentation. Depending on the particular anatomical aspects sometimes it is necessary to modify sinus floor elevation technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aesthetics each of us is determined and subject to static and dynamic reality individual. Edentatia jaw system means a disorder of this system change that may cause other diseases, that pathological conditions. Using aloplastic materials is a valuable alternative to achieve the construction of prosthetic implants, in the event of severe mandibular atrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implantology has become a science in recent decades, recording obvious progress, especially when it was demonstrated titanium osteointegration. Solving prosthetic stories which could be considered impossible or very difficult, today made possible a wide range of treatments with dental implants. Any material selected for making an implant must meet two basic criteria: biocompatibility and biofunctionality. This explains the concerns for the development of materials to meet both requirements (organic and functional), or cover biotolerated materials (metals, alloys and plastics) or bioinerte (ceramics based on Al2O3 and ZrO2) with thin layers of hydroxyapatite, in which kind support (substrate) gives the necessary mechanical properties prosthesis and coating biological properties, namely the ability to react chemically with living tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radicular cyst is the most common inflammatory cysts of the jaw bone. The cyst lining is derived from the cell rests of Malassez which are present in the periodontal ligament and periapical granulomas. A clinical case belongs to a patient with multiple periapical radicular cysts, which was presented to the doctor for an acute phenomenon after infection of one maxillary cysts. Multiple periapical radicular cysts in the same patient should be distinguished from odontogenic keratocyst - are developmental odontogenic cysts of epithelial origin; cyst derived from dental lamina, it may be present in children, usually in the context of basal nevic syndrome (Gorlin syndrome) - in these cases keratocyst can be multiple present or occurring simultaneously in different locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients under anticoagulant treatment which needs dental extractions have a significant high risk of postoperative bleeding, in consequence they need either hospitalization or ambulatory postextractional monitoring. The objective of this study was while using Surgicel® as a socket local hemostat for extractions at patients under anticoagulants to prove his efficacy during a clinical prospective experimental study. We followed three groups of patients under anticoagulant treatment with single or multiple dental extractions: one group under oral anticoagulants (warfarin) and socket meshing with Surgicel®, one group under i.v. anticoagulants (heparin) and one control group under antithrombotics. Many parameters were observed and studied with special focus on postextractional hemorrhage. Results were statistically analyzed and they were compared with the latest findings on international literature. The study conclusions suggest using Surgicel® as viable intraalveolar hemostat which can reduce many postoperative bleeding accidents and avoid thrombotic risks associated with suppression of oral anticoagulant or heparin treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioeconomics principles in prosthodontics are respected not only by the minimum sacrifice of hard tooth substance, but also by conducting high-quality prostheses, which have a long life, for reducing to a minimum resources used to produce these restorations. The study was conducted on 396 patients partially reduced edentulous with prosthesis used at least 5 years, which come in some dental offices from Bucharest between October 2010-July 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]