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In this paper, the q -Gaussian process based on the non-extensive theory is discussed from a mathematical point of view, which has been widely applied to many anomalous diffusion systems in physics and finance. Firstly, the discussion of non-Markovian property of q -Gaussian process provides a numerical support for the future theoretical research. Secondly, the martingale and self-similarity of this process are obtained by Tsallis distributions. Thirdly, the long dependence is analyzed by simulations and Hurst exponents are compared with those of fractional Brownian motion. At last, the European call option price formula driven by this process is simulated, by which we find that this process can better match anomalous diffusion and the volatility smile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new Co coordination polymers (CPs), formulated as [Co(L)(phen)] (1, 1D), [Co3(L)3(phen)2·4H2O] (2, 2D), [Co3(L)3(2,2′-bipy)2·8H2O] (3, 2D) and [Co2(L)3(4,4′-bipy)2·] (4, 3D) (H2L = 6-methoxy-2,2′-sulfone-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2′-bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine), have been solvothermally synthesized based on a functional dicarboxylate bridging ligand in the presence of various N-coligands. Complex 1 features a 3D supramolecular architecture composed of parallel linear chains assembled via π–π interactions. Complexes 2 and 3 have similar structures, which are both (4,4)-connected 2D networks possessing 1D channels based on linear trinuclear [Zn3(CO2)6N4] clusters. Complex 4 contains (4,4)-connected 2D layers based on binuclear clusters, which are further linked into a 3D pillar-layered framework by 4,4′-bipy. Luminescence studies indicate that 2 and 3 both show strong fluorescence and good stability in water, and they can be used as multi-responsive sensors for selective sensing of nitroaromatics, Fe3+ and Cr2O72− in water via luminescence quenching with fast response. Remarkably, 2 and 3 can be conveniently regenerated for at least four times without sacrificing their quenching efficiencies. The possible mechanisms for the luminescence quenching have been investigated in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) is an enzyme that converts both histone arginine and mono-methyl arginine residues to citrulline, and it has been detected in various subtypes of ovarian cancer. However, the mechanism of action of PADI4 in ovarian carcinogenesis remains unknown. To examine the function of PADI4, we transfected two ovarian cancer cell lines, wild-type p53 A2780 and p53-null SKOV3, with PADI4-siRNA and negative control siRNA. The proliferation of both A2780 and SKOV3 cells decreased significantly following PADI4-siRNA treatment ( P < 0.01; P < 0.001). The invasion and migration ability of A2780 cells also significantly decreased in response to PADI4-siRNA treatment ( P < 0.001), but SKOV3 cells showed no such decrease. The apoptotic rate of A2780 cells increased in the presence of PADI4-siRNA, but there was no such increase in SKOV3 cells ( P > 0.05). PCR arrays of A2780 cells treated with PADI4-siRNA revealed the up-regulated expression of six genes, including cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a (CIDEA) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9), and the down-regulation of seven genes, including integrin beta 3 (ITGB3) and BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 (BAK1). These results suggest an important role for PADI4 in the p53 pathway and the regulation of the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Our study also demonstrated that PADI4 contributes to tumor metastasis by regulating the gene expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1 (WIPF1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Follow the characteristics of multi-constraints reentry guidance for reusable launch vehicles (RLV), a new method of reentry guidance algorithm is put forward based on estimation of the density. With the technique of parameter-discriminated, the algorithm would find out the current condition of aerosphere. Further more, the algorithm could generate reasonable bank angle profiles with the consideration of path constraints such as heat rate flow, normal load and dynamic pressure. The predicted terminal location is then compared to normal condition, and the mismatch would be used to generate the magnitude of bank angle. Combining with lateral bank reversals, the on-line design of reentry guidance is completed finally. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm on achieving desired final conditions for different reentry initial conditions and atmospheric uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the terminal guidance problem with both impact position and angle constrains, a novel control weighted function based on of time-to-go was proposed. Generalized optimal guidance law was deduced by the Schwartz inequality, and generalized trajectory shaping guidance law was obtained based on small angle assumption in order to be well used in engineering. Then, the non-dimensional guidance command, miss distance and impact angle error of the guidance law were investigated using Schwartz inequality and adjoint function. Finally, the method of designing the guidance-order with limit of available overload was given. Simulations demonstrate that the generalized guidance law not only is satisfied with the requests of impact position and angle constrains, but also can make the guidance command at impact return to zero, so that, the impact angle of attack can be controlled indirectly by choosing an appropriate guidance-order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zygentoma occupies a key evolutionary position for understanding the evolution of insect metamorphosis but has received little attention in terms of genetic analysis. To develop functional genomic studies in this insect, we evaluated five candidate internal reference genes for quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) studies from Thermobia domestica, a representative species of Zygentoma, including Actin 5C (Actin5C), Elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1A), Ribosome protein S26 (RPS26), Ribosome protein L32 (RPL32), and Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), at different developmental stages, in various body parts, and under dsRNA microinjection and starvation stresses, using four algorithms (delta Ct, geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper) and a comparative algorithm (RefFinder). Specific suitable reference genes were recommended across specific experimental conditions, and the combination of RPS26 and RPL32 was appropriate for all tested samples. Employing our selected reference gene combination, we investigated the gene expression pattern of Myoglianin (Myo), a crucial gene-regulating insect metamorphosis, in ametabolous T. domestica, and demonstrated the efficiency of RNA interference (RNAi) in firebrat nymphs. This study provides a basis for reliable quantitative studies of genes and greatly benefits evolutionary and functional genomics studies in Zygentoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new solving method called local accurate search was proposed for the calculation of allowable attack area of air-to-surface missiles. Compared with traditional method, the local accurate search can search the area online and reduce the time of search with the required precision. The new method employs the local search to find an accurate result by combining the traditional flight range table with the model calculation method, which meets the requirements for attacking of moving target and fast calculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Loss of chromosome 9p is an important biomarker in the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia (OLK) to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and is associated with the prognosis of HNSCC patients. However, various challenges have prevented 9p loss from being assessed in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to develop a pathomics-based artificial intelligence (AI) model for the rapid and cost-effective prediction of 9p loss (9PLP)., Materials and Methods: 333 OLK cases were retrospectively collected with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained whole slide images and genomic alteration data from multicenter cohorts to develop the genomic alteration prediction AI model. They were divided into a training dataset (n=217), a validation dataset (n=93), and an external testing dataset (n=23). The latest Transformer method and XGBoost algorithm were combined to develop the 9PLP model. The AI model was further applied and validated in two multicenter HNSCC datasets (n=42, n=365, respectively). Moreover, the combination of 9PLP with clinicopathological parameters was used to develop a nomogram model for assessing HNSCC patient prognosis., Results: 9PLP could predict chromosome 9p loss rapidly and effectively using both OLK and HNSCC images, with the area under the curve achieving 0.890 and 0.825, respectively. Furthermore, the predictive model showed high accuracy in HNSCC patient prognosis assessment (the area under the curve was 0.739 for 1-year prediction, 0.705 for 3-year prediction, and 0.691 for 5-year prediction)., Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this study developed the first genomic alteration prediction deep learning model in OLK and HNSCC. This novel AI model could predict 9p loss and assess patient prognosis by identifying pathomics features in H&E-stained images with good performance. In the future, the 9PLP model may potentially contribute to better clinical management of OLK and HNSCC., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Soil respiration is a key process in forest biogeochemical cycling. Exploring the relationship between plant functional traits and soil respiration can help understand the effects of tree species conversion on soil carbon cycling. In this study, we selected 15 common subtropical tree species planted in the logging site of second-generation Chinese fir forest to measure soil CO 2 emission fluxes, soil physicochemical properties, leaf and root functional traits of each species, and explored the effects of plant functional traits on soil respiration. The results showed that the annual flux of soil CO 2 emissions varied from 7.93 to 22.52 Mg CO 2 ·hm -2 , with the highest value under Castanopsis carlesii (22.52 Mg CO 2 ·hm -2 ) and the lowest value under Taxus wallichiana (7.93 Mg CO 2 ·hm -2 ). Results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the annual flux of soil CO 2 emission decreased with the increases of leaf nitrogen content and fine root diameter, and increased with increasing leaf non-structural carbohydrate. In the structural equation model, leaf non-structural carbohydrate had a direct and significant positive effect on soil CO 2 emission fluxes, while leaf nitrogen content and fine root diameter had a direct negative effect by decreasing soil pH and soluble organic nitrogen content. Plantations of different tree species would affect soil CO 2 emission directly by changing functional traits related to water and nutrient acquisition or indirectly through soil properties. When creating plantations, we should select tree species based on the relationship between plant functional traits and ecosystem functions, with a view to improving forest productivity and soil carbon sequestration potential.

Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) is an enzyme that converts both histone arginine and mono-methyl arginine residues to citrulline, and it has been detected in various subtypes of ovarian cancer. However, the mechanism of action of PADI4 in ovarian carcinogenesis remains unknown. To examine the function of PADI4, we transfected two ovarian cancer cell lines, wild-type p53 A2780 and p53-null SKOV3, with PADI4-siRNA and negative control siRNA. The proliferation of both A2780 and SKOV3 cells decreased significantly following PADI4-siRNA treatment (P A2780 < 0.01; P SKOV3 < 0.001). The invasion and migration ability of A2780 cells also significantly decreased in response to PADI4-siRNA treatment (P < 0.001), but SKOV3 cells showed no such decrease. The apoptotic rate of A2780 cells increased in the presence of PADI4-siRNA, but there was no such increase in SKOV3 cells (P > 0.05). PCR arrays of A2780 cells treated with PADI4-siRNA revealed the up-regulated expression of six genes, including cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a (CIDEA) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRSF9), and the down-regulation of seven genes, including integrin beta 3 (ITGB3) and BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 (BAK1). These results suggest an important role for PADI4 in the p53 pathway and the regulation of the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Our study also demonstrated that PADI4 contributes to tumor metastasis by regulating the gene expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1 (WIPF1).