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Liuzhou river snail rice noodle is a local characteristic food of Liuzhou with fresh, spicy, sour and “smelly”. With the rapid development of pre-packaged river snail rice noodle, the concerns such as unstable quality and inconsistent standards have begun to emerge. The quality and unique flavor of Liuzhou river snail rice noodle are closely related to the flavor substances of its raw materials. The detection and analysis of its flavor substances is one of the key factors to measure the quality of river snail rice noodle. In this paper, based on the features of flavor substances of raw materials such as snails, sour bamboo shoots and chili oil in Liuzhou snail powder, the sources of its flavor substances were reviewed mainly according to the current research on river snail rice noodle and the related techniques of flavor substances detection. The effects of flavor substances of raw materials and excipients were systematically expounded. The development prospect of common detection techniques of flavor substances in the analysis of flavor substances and the key flavor substances of raw materials and excipients were further reviewed. The disadvantages of the research on the flavor substances of were pointed out, and the future research direction of its flavor substances was put forward, aming to provide theoretical support for the improvement, standardization and development of new products of Liuzhou river snail rice noodle.

Critical care medicine in China has developed rapidly and played an irreplaceable role in the treatment of critically ill patients, emergency disasters and public health events. The standardized training of specialists is not only an important part of medical education after graduation, but also a conventional way to train qualified specialized clinicians. As the second batch of national pilot specialties, critical care medicine has established a national unified specialist training system, which has become an important way to cultivate professionals. This study compares the similarities and differences of critical care medicine specialty training in foreign countries from the aspects of training system and platform construction, so as to provide reference for promoting the continuous improvement of critical care specialist training system in China.

The purpose of the startup approach is to find an appropriate course of action that adds value to the economy’s development. This study is aimed to determine the effect of the lean startup approach with mediating effect of business coaching to foster innovative work behavior in women entrepreneurs. Additionally, the study also examines the moderating effect of age on the lean startup approach and innovative work behavior. A quantitative approach was employed. The findings show that the relationship between the lean startup approach and innovative work behavior is significant. Moreover, the findings also revealed a significant mediating effect of business coaching and moderating effect of age. This research encourages practitioners and scholars to deal with women entrepreneurship incubation initiatives in the lean startup methodology. Furthermore, this study also leads to a deeper understanding of women’s ideas for business exploration, growth, and implementation. The study contends that guidelines and directives are critical for creative entrepreneurial behavior.

Nanomaterials have been applied for the modification of cement-based materials with a low-dosage addition in recent years. Graphene oxide (GO) has been studied in many papers for use in cement-based materials with properties of a two-dimensional sheet-like structure, its extraordinary mechanical properties, high aspect ratio and hydrophilicity. To study the effects of graphene oxide on the hydration of tricalcium silicate, the hydration heat, hydration products and micro-structure of a C₃S-GO hydration system were studied in this paper. The results showed that GO increases the hydration heat by promoting the hydration rate of C₃S, though the GO could not react with the C3S hydration products (such as the calcium hydroxide and C-S-H gel produced by the C₃S hydration). It was found that the addition of GO changes the crystallite size of the hydration products through observing the SEM image. The GO modified the morphology of the C₃S hydration products and led to a more compacter structure.

CD8+ T cells are a vital component of the adaptive immune system and important for eliminating intracellular pathogens. Notably, mTOR activity is associated with CD8+ T effector memory (Tem) cell differentiation in fungal infections. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of CD8+ Tem cell proliferation and differentiation mediated by the mTOR pathway in immunosuppressed mice with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). We first established the immunosuppressed IPA mouse model, then mice were subjected to rapamycin treatment daily or interleukin (IL)-12 treatment every other day. Lung tissues and blood samples were obtained seven days later. Aspergillus fumigatus was cultured from the lung tissue of mice inoculated with A. fumigatus spores. After IL-12 treatment, the expression of mTOR and its downstream signaling molecule S6 kinase, number of CD8+ Tem cells and interferon-γ expression were significantly increased, while they were significantly decreased after treatment with rapamycin. Additionally, IL-12 treatment induced T-bet but inhibited Eomesodermin expression, while the opposite was seen when the mTOR pathway was blocked by rapamycin. In conclusion, we found that the mTOR pathway induced CD8+ T cell proliferation and differentiation by regulating T-bet and Eomesodermin expression, which significantly influenced immune regulation during IPA and enhanced the immune response against fungal infection.

Post-disaster humanitarian relief is full of importance, complexity and difficulty, which makes people pay more attentions to various disaster relief measures and emergency management practices related to disaster preventions and reductions. The main purpose of humanitarian relief is to protect the lives of the victims in the affected areas and provide victims with the indispensable relief materials to survive from the unexpected disaster. Therefore, this paper puts its focus on some key decisions raised in the process of post-disaster humanitarian relief activities and summarizes the state-of-the-art researches in the area of critical emergency facility location, relief material allocation, emergency vehicle routing and the incorporation of the interests of the victims in the modeling framework. Specifically, through the analysis, this paper draws some key questions that can be further explored in the current research, in order to lay the foundation for the follow-up research, and can better serve the emergency rescue transportation practice under disaster conditions.

Here, we report a high-quality draft genome of a Chinese radish (Raphanus sativus) cultivar. This draft contains 387.73 Mb of assembled scaffolds, 83.93% of the scaffolds were anchored onto nine pseudochromosomes and 95.09% of 43 240 protein-coding genes were functionally annotated. 184.75 Mb (47.65%) of repeat sequences was identified in the assembled genome. By comparative analyses of the radish genome against 10 other plant genomes, 2 275 genes in 780 gene families were found unique to R. sativus. This genome is a good reference for genomic study and of great value for genetic improvement of radish.

Powder filling quantity control mechanism is an important part of medicine machine. The geometric model of the filling quantity control mechanism was established by Pro/E based on the NJP1200 capsule filling machine. By Lagrange multiplier method, the equation of movement characteristics was established. And also, the rigid-flexible coupling model of the mechanism was established by ADAMS, Based which, the simulation of displacement, velocity and acceleration curve were obtained. In the end, the change rule of CAM contact force was analyzed. It showed that ADAMS is an effective method in simulation the dynamic characteristics of mechanism.