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Guangtian Wang,1,2,* Zhihui Li,3,* Gongchen Wang,4,* Qixu Sun,5 Peng Lin,1 Qian Wang,2 Huishu Zhang,6 Yanyan Wang,7 Tongshuai Zhang,8 Feiyun Cui,9 Zhaohua Zhong1,2 1Teaching Center of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Vascular Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Gastroenterology, Penglai People’s Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 265600, People’s Republic of China; 6Teaching Center of Biotechnology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China; 7Teaching Center of Morphology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhaohua Zhong; Feiyun Cui, Email zhongzh@hrbmu.edu.cn; feiyun@hrbmu.edu.cnAbstract: Angiogenesis, or the formation of new blood vessels, is a natural defensive mechanism that aids in the restoration of oxygen and nutrition delivery to injured brain tissue after an ischemic stroke. Angiogenesis, by increasing vessel development, may maintain brain perfusion, enabling neuronal survival, brain plasticity, and neurologic recovery. Induction of angiogenesis and the formation of new vessels aid in neurorepair processes such as neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. Advanced nano drug delivery systems hold promise for treatment stroke by facilitating efficient transportation across the the blood-brain barrier and maintaining optimal drug concentrations. Nanoparticle has recently been shown to greatly boost angiogenesis and decrease vascular permeability, as well as improve neuroplasticity and neurological recovery after ischemic stroke. We describe current breakthroughs in the development of nanoparticle-based treatments for better angiogenesis therapy for ischemic stroke employing polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, inorganic nanoparticles, and biomimetic nanoparticles in this study. We outline new nanoparticles in detail, review the hurdles and strategies for conveying nanoparticle to lesions, and demonstrate the most recent advances in nanoparticle in angiogenesis for stroke treatment. Keywords: angiogenesis, ischemic stroke, nanoparticles, blood brain barrier, neurogenesis, neuroprotection therapy

Suyang Guo,1 Wenqi Bai,1 Fengjie Cui,1 Xin Chen,1 Xiaojing Fang,1 Honghong Shen,2 Xianhua Gu1 1Department of Gynecology Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Honghong Shen, Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical University, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613385681156, Email shenhonghong1984@163.com Xianhua Gu, Department of Oncology Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu Medical University, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui, 233004, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613385680722, Email guxianhua1986@163.comIntroduction: GRHL1 belongs to the family of Grainyhead-like (GRHL). Previous studies have shown that dysregulation of growth and survival pathways is associated with the GRHL family of gene cancers. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has changed the treatment paradigm for many tumors, including endometrial cancer (EC). However, the effect of GRHL1 on immunotherapy in EC and its relationship with immune cell infiltration are poorly understood.Methods: Differential expression of GRHL1 between EC and normal EC tissues was analyzed by searching the TCGA database, and the results were verified utilizing immunohistochemistry analyses. Next, the relationship between GRHL1, CD8+ T cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) was also investigated, and the effect of GRHL1 expression on immunotherapy in EC was evaluated.Results: According to the findings, EC tissues had elevated expression levels of GRHL1 relative to normal tissues. Patients with EC who expressed GRHL1 at high levels experienced worse overall survival (OS) and Progression-free survival (PFS) than those whose expression was lower. In addition, GRHL1 expression was negatively correlated with CD8+ T cells, and patients with high GRHL1 expression were less effective in receiving immunotherapy.Conclusion: The expression of GRHL1 was high in EC patients, and high expression of GRHL1 inhibits the proliferation of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment of EC and affect the efficacy of immunotherapy.Keywords: GRHL1, endometrial cancer, tumor microenvironment, CD8+ T cells, immunotherapy

Yue Wu,1,* Zhiqun Mao,2,* Fengwei Cui,2 Jie Fan,1 Zhouling Yuan,3 Li Tang2 1Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Psychiatry, Huishan No. 2 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Li Tang, Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, 156 Qianrong Road, Wuxi, 214151, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 510 83219318, Fax +86 510 830 12201, Email 839223872@qq.comBackground and Purpose: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is recognized as a preclinical indicator of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and this stage provides a valuable time window for ultra-early intervention in AD. The aim of this study was to investigate the neurocognitive characteristics of SCD and its correlation with objective cognition, negative emotion and sleep quality in Chinese elderly.Methods: A total of 1200 volunteers aged 60 and older underwent Brief Elderly Cognitive Screening Inventory, Quick Cognitive Screening Scale for the Elderly, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Core Neuropsychological Test. According to the examination results, the participants were divided into healthy control (HC) and SCD groups. The neurocognitive function of SCD and its relationship with objective cognition, negative emotion and sleep quality were analyzed.Results: Compared with the HC group, the SCD group had similar global cognitive function but slightly impaired neurocognitive function. After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, sex, marriage, education and chronic disease, neurocognitive function (Picture-Symbol Matching: OR=0.167, 95% CI: 0.105– 0.266; Word Stem Completion: OR =0.260, 95% CI: 0.131– 0.514; Trail Making Test: OR=0.315, 95% CI: 0.178– 0.560; Picture Recall: OR =0.278, 95% CI: 0.122– 0.636), negative emotion (sub-depressive symptoms: OR=2.287, 95% CI: 1.483– 3.527; sub-anxiety symptoms: OR=1.663, 95% CI: 1.079– 2.563), and poor sleep quality (OR=2.138, 95% CI: 1.571– 2.909) were significantly correlated with the occurrence of SCD.Conclusion: The study illustrates that SCD is closely related to objective cognition, negative emotion and sleep quality. Clinical evaluation and follow-up of SCD should fully account for these factors.Keywords: subjective cognitive decline, cognitive function, negative emotions, sleep quality, Alzheimer′s disease

In practice, little attention has been paid directly to freeze-thaw (FT) cycles during the design and analysis of geogrid-reinforced soil (GRS) walls due to a lack of relevant literature. This study investigates the pavement vertical deformation (s), panel lateral deformation (d), lateral earth pressure (σh), and geogrid strain (ε) of a field GRS wall using an ABAQUS-based numerical model considering variations of the recorded five-year ambient temperature (TR). Numerical results show that the s distribution follows a convex shape instead of the initial concave shape after FT cycles and can be divided into high, transition, and stable deformation zones. FT action alters both location and amplitude of the maximum d within the first two cycles, making the d distribution evolve from a J-shaped curve into an S-shaped one. During freezing, the developments of s and d are coordinated and can be described using a unified model; σh is larger than the Rankine active earth pressure; ε state depends on the interplay of two factors resulting from d and frost heave force. Furthermore, the hysteresis of s, d, σh, and ε with TR was discussed and several beneficial suggestions were proposed for GRS walls to avoid such FT destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-temperature synthesis of crystalline silicon and silicon-containing nanowires remains a challenge in synthetic chemistry due to the lack of sufficiently reactive Si precursors. We report that colloidal Si nanowires can be grown using tris(trimethylsilyl)silane or trisilane as the Si precursor by a Ga-mediated solution-liquid-solid (SLS) approach at temperatures of about 200 °C, which is more than 200 °C lower than that reported in the previous literature. We further demonstrate that the new Si chemistry can be adopted to incorporate Si atoms into III-V semiconductor lattices, which holds promise to produce a new Si-containing alloy semiconductor nanowire. This development represents an important step toward low-temperature fabrication of Si nanowire-based devices for broad applications.

Ran Li1 ,* Jintao Cao1 ,* Liucheng Chen2 ,* Fangqin Cui,3 Shaohua Chen,1 Zhenzhong Feng,1 Nan Li1 1Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Department of Imaging Diagnosis, Medical Imaging College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Nan LiDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu 233000, Anhui, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-552-3070209Email linanangel100@sina.comPurpose: Gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumors (GNETs) are uncommon malignant tumors derived from ectodermal primitive neural cells.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 2 GNET cases at our hospital and the remaining 94 cases in the literature to determine clinicopathological prognostic factors.Results: The patients had a mean age of 36 years and a median tumor size of 4.5 cm. A total of 67.0% of the tumors were located in the small intestine, and 76.4% of the patients presented recurrence or metastasis. There was a significant difference in sex and presence of osteoclast-like cells (P< 0.01). Microscopically, most cells were round or short spindle-like in shape, with weak eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm. Neoplastic cells were always arranged in solid sheets, nests, and pseudoalveoli. Immunohistochemistry showed strong, diffuse S100 and SOX10 expression, with a complete absence of HMB45 and Melan-A expression. A total of 72.9% of the cases revealed genetic EWSR1 recombination, including our 2 cases. The median time to death and first metastasis was 61 months and 12 months, respectively. K-M analysis showed a great difference in survival according to lymph node invasion or distant metastasis (M+N), independent lymph node metastasis (N), lower histological grades (G2), and aggressive chemoradiotherapy (P=0.026, P=0.027, P=0.039 and P=0.037). However, independent T, independent M, and postoperative routine adjuvant therapy showed no statistical influence on overall survival or disease-free survival.Conclusion: GNET is a new entity distinct in its clinical, morphological, immunochemical, and genetic features. Radical excision, close follow-up and adjuvant therapy may be effective for prolonged survival.Keywords: gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor, clear cell sarcoma-like tumor, GNET, SWI/SNF

Rui Yan,1,* Fengmei Cui,2,* Lijin Dong,3,* Yong Liu,4 Xuewei Chen,5 Rong Fan4 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Medical Center, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100039, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China; 3Editorial Department, Logistic University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300309, People’s Republic of China; 4Central Laboratory, Xi Qing Hospital, Tianjin 300380, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xuewei Chen; Rong Fan Email chenxuewei11@sina.com; prosperity_39@sina.cnPurpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor with a poor therapeutic outcome. Polycomb group factor 1 (PCGF1), a member of the PcG (Polycomb group) family, is highly expressed in the developing nervous system of mice. However, the function and the mechanism of PCGF1 in GBM proliferation still remain unclear.Methods: Knockdown of PCGF1 was performed in U87 GBM cell by shRNA strategy via lentivirus vector. MTT assay, colony formation assays, and flow cytometry were used to measure the properties of cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution, respectively. GeneChip analysis was performed to identify the downstream effector molecules. Rescue assay was constructed to verify the screening results.Results: We first found that knockdown of PCGF1 led to the inhibition of U87 cells proliferation and decreased colony formation ability. The data from GeneChip expression profiling and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicated that many of the altered gene cells are associated with the cell proliferation control pathways. We have further confirmed the suppression of AKT/GSK3β/c-Myc/cyclinD1 expressions by Western blotting analysis. The over-expression of c-Myc could partly restore the attenuated proliferation ability caused by knockdown of PCGF1.Conclusion: All the above evidences suggested that PCGF1 might be closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression of glioblastoma (GBM), in which process the oncoprotein c-Myc may participate. PCGF1 could thus be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM).Keywords: glioblastoma, GBM, PCGF1, cell proliferation, polycomb group