145 results on '"Cuesta, Ja"'
Search Results
2. PS1:8 Anti-ro false-negatives detection through anti-ro52 kda and anti-ro60 kda analysis in systemic lupus erythematous patients
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Grau, E, primary, Chalmeta Verdejo, I, additional, Labrador Sanchez, E, additional, Fernandez Matilla, M, additional, Ortiz Sanjuan, FM, additional, Feced Olmos, CM, additional, Fernadez-Llanio Cornella, N, additional, Arevalo Ruales, K, additional, Negueroles Albuixech, R, additional, Ivorra Cortes, J, additional, Fragio Gil, JJ, additional, Martinez Cordellat, I, additional, Gonzalez Mazario, R, additional, Gonzalez Puig, L, additional, Alcañiz Escandell, C, additional, Najera Herranz, C, additional, Canovas Olmos, I, additional, Vicens Bernabeu, E, additional, Oller Rodriguez, JE, additional, de la Rubia Navarro, M, additional, Castellano Cuesta, JA, additional, Fornes Ferrer, V, additional, Hervas Marin, D, additional, Gimenez-Romero, D, additional, and Roman Ivorra, JA, additional more...
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- 2018
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Catalog
3. PS1:22 Use of interferon alpha and interleukin-10 as clinical activity biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematous patients
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Grau, E, primary, Fernandez Matilla, M, additional, Feced Olmos, CM, additional, Labrador Sanchez, E, additional, Ortiz Sanjuan, FM, additional, Fernandez-Llanio Cornella, N, additional, Chalmeta Verdejo, I, additional, Arevalo Ruales, K, additional, Negueroles Albuixech, R, additional, Ivorra Cortes, J, additional, Fragio Gil, JJ, additional, Martinez Cordellat, I, additional, Gonzalez Mazario, R, additional, Gonzalez Puig, L, additional, Alcañiz Escandell, C, additional, Najera Herranz, C, additional, Canovas Olmos, I, additional, Vicens Bernabeu, E, additional, Oller Rodriguez, JE, additional, de la Rubia Navarro, M, additional, Castellano Cuesta, JA, additional, Fornes Ferrer, V, additional, Hervas Marin, D, additional, and Roman Ivorra, JA, additional more...
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- 2018
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4. PS2:30 Systemic lupus erythematosus patients with positives autoantibodies with remission or low activity exhibit both lower interferon alpha and interleukin-10 levels
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Grau, E, primary, Fernandez Matilla, M, additional, Ortiz Sanjuan, FM, additional, Feced Olmos, CM, additional, Labrador Sanchez, E, additional, Fernandez-Llanio Cornella, N, additional, Chalmeta Verdejo, I, additional, Arevalo Ruales, K, additional, Negueroles Albuixech, R, additional, Ivorra Cortes, J, additional, Fragio Gil, JJ, additional, Martinez Cordellat, I, additional, Gonzalez Mazario, R, additional, Gonzalez Puig, L, additional, Alcañiz Escandell, C, additional, Najera Herranz, C, additional, Canovas Olmos, I, additional, Vicens Bernabeu, E, additional, Oller Rodriguez, JE, additional, de la Rubia Navarro, M, additional, Castellano Cuesta, JA, additional, Fornes Ferrer, V, additional, Hervas Marin, D, additional, and Roman Ivorra, JA, additional more...
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- 2018
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5. AB0493 Blys upregulation is related to lymphopenia in systemic erythematous lupus patients
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Garcia, E Grau, primary, Olmos, CM Feced, additional, Labrador, E Sánchez, additional, Ortiz-Sanjuan, FM, additional, Matilla, M Fernandez, additional, Fernández-Llanio, N, additional, Verdejo, I Chalmeta, additional, Ruales, K Arévalo, additional, Albuixech, R Negueroles, additional, Cortes, J Ivorra, additional, Gil, JJ Fragio, additional, Cordellat, I Martínez, additional, González, R Mazarío, additional, Puig, L Gonzalez, additional, Escandell, C Alcañiz, additional, Herranz, C Nájera, additional, Olmos, I Cánovas, additional, Bernabeu, E Vicens, additional, Rodriguez, JE Oller, additional, Cuesta, JA Castellano, additional, Ferrer, V Fornés, additional, Hervás, D Marín, additional, and Ivorra, JA Román, additional more...
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- 2017
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6. SAT0279 ANTI-RO52 KDA and ANTI-RO60 KDA analysis in systemic lupus erythematous patients to detect ANTI-RO false-negatives
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Garcia, E Grau, primary, Verdejo, I Chalmeta, additional, Labrador, E Sánchez, additional, Matilla, M Fernandez, additional, Ortiz-Sanjuan, FM, additional, Olmos, CM Feced, additional, Fernandez-Llanio, N, additional, Ruales, K Arévalo, additional, Albuixech, R Negueroles, additional, Cortes, J Ivorra, additional, Gil, JJ Fragio, additional, Cordellat, I Martínez, additional, González, R Mazarío, additional, Puig, L Gonzalez, additional, Escandell, C Alcañiz, additional, Herranz, C Nájera, additional, Olmos, I Cánovas, additional, Bernabeu, E Vicens, additional, Rodriguez, JE Oller, additional, Cuesta, JA Castellano, additional, Ferrer, V Fornés, additional, Hervás, D Marín, additional, Romero, D Gimenez, additional, and Ivorra, JA Román, additional more...
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- 2017
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7. THU0229 Dna hypomethylation and decreased hydroxymethylation is associated with decreased antioxidant response in systemic lupus erythematous patients
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Garcia, E Grau, primary, Olmos, CM Feced, additional, Matilla, M Fernandez, additional, Labrador, E Sánchez, additional, Ortiz-Sanjuan, FM, additional, Fernández-Llanio, N, additional, Ruales, K Arévalo, additional, Albuixech, R Negueroles, additional, Cortes, J Ivorra, additional, Gil, JJ Fragio, additional, Cordellat, I Martínez, additional, González, R Mazarío, additional, Verdejo, I Chalmeta, additional, Puig, L Gonzalez, additional, Escandell, C Alcañiz, additional, Herranz, C Nájera, additional, Olmos, I Cánovas, additional, Bernabeu, E Vicens, additional, Rodriguez, JE Oller, additional, Cuesta, JA Castellano, additional, Ferrer, V Fornés, additional, Hervás, D Marín, additional, Olivares, L González, additional, Rodrigo, R Nicolás, additional, and Ivorra, JA Román, additional more...
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- 2017
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8. THU0761-HPR Biological therapy survival: multi-centric analysis in real clinical practice conditions
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Ybáñez, D García, primary, Alegre-Sancho, JJ, additional, Martínez-Cristόbal, A, additional, Cuesta, JA Castellano, additional, Matilla, M Fernández, additional, Comella, N Fernández-Llanio, additional, Ríos-Martin, I, additional, and Martinez-Arroyo, AM, additional more...
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- 2017
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9. FRI0275 Systemic lupus erythematosus patients with positives autoantibodies with remission or low activity exhibit both lower interferon alpha and interleukin-10 levels
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Garcia, E Grau, primary, Ortiz-Sanjuan, FM, additional, Matilla, M Fernandez, additional, Olmos, CM Feced, additional, Labrador, E Sánchez, additional, Fernández-Llanio, N, additional, Verdejo, I Chalmeta, additional, Ruales, K Arévalo, additional, Albuixech, R Negueroles, additional, Cortes, J Ivorra, additional, Gil, JJ Fragio, additional, Cordellat, I Martínez, additional, González, R Mazarío, additional, Puig, L Gonzalez, additional, Escandell, C Alcañiz, additional, Herranz, C Nájera, additional, Olmos, I Cánovas, additional, Bernabeu, E Vicens, additional, Rodriguez, JE Oller, additional, Cuesta, JA Castellano, additional, Ferrer, V Fornés, additional, Hervás, D Marín, additional, and Ivorra, JA Román, additional more...
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- 2017
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10. AB0494 Increased levels of interferon alpha and interleukin-10 as clinical activity biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematous patients
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Garcia, E Grau, primary, Matilla, M Fernandez, additional, Olmos, CM Feced, additional, Labrador, E Sánchez, additional, Ortiz-Sanjuan, FM, additional, Fernández-Llanio, N, additional, Tovar, E Sugreñes, additional, Ruales, K Arévalo, additional, Albuixech, R Negueroles, additional, Cortes, J Ivorra, additional, Gil, JJ Fragio, additional, Cordellat, I Martínez, additional, González, R Mazarío, additional, Verdejo, I Chalmeta, additional, Puig, L Gonzalez, additional, Escandell, C Alcañiz, additional, Herranz, C Nájera, additional, Olmos, I Cánovas, additional, Bernabeu, E Vicens, additional, Rodriguez, JE Oller, additional, Cuesta, JA Castellano, additional, Ferrer, V Fornés, additional, Hervás, D Marín, additional, and Ivorra, JA Román, additional more...
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- 2017
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11. Host use pattern of the pea crab Afropinnotheres monodi: potential effects on its reproductive success and geographical expansion
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Drake, P, primary, Marco-Herrero, E, additional, Subida, MD, additional, Arias, AM, additional, and Cuesta, JA, additional
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- 2014
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12. Two cases of pseudohermaphroditism in loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta
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Crespo, JL, primary, García-Párraga, D, additional, Giménez, I, additional, Rubio-Guerri, C, additional, Melero, M, additional, Sánchez-Vizcaíno, JM, additional, Marco, A, additional, Cuesta, JA, additional, and Muñoz, MJ, additional more...
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- 2013
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13. Random versus deterministic 2-dimensional traffic flow models
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Martinez, Fc, Cuesta, Ja, Molera, Jm, and Ricardo Brito
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Termodinámica - Abstract
Deterministic and stochastic cellular automata models available to study two-dimensional traffic fIow are compared in this paper. It is shown that a connection between them can be made only when the infinite time and infinite system limits are taken in the appropriate order. We also stress the crucial importance of the choice of boundary conditions in the deterministic model to obtain bulk properties. more...
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- 1995
14. Effect of the regulation of freshwater inflow on the physical-chemical characteristics of water and on the aquatic macrofauna in the Guadalquivir estuary
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Baldo, F, primary, Cuesta, JA, additional, Fernández-Delgado, C, additional, and Drake, P, additional
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- 2005
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15. Nematic to smectic: A 'hard' transition
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Yuri Martinez-Raton, Cuesta, Ja, Roij, R., Mulder, B., Caccamo, C., Hansen, Jp, and Stell, G.
16. Nematic to smectic: A 'hard' transition
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Martinez-Raton, Y., Cuesta, Ja, Rene van Roij, and Mulder, B.
17. Nonequilibrium microbial dynamics unveil a new macroecological pattern beyond Taylor's law.
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Camacho-Mateu J, Lampo A, Ares S, and Cuesta JA
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- Microbiota, Models, Biological
- Abstract
We introduce a comprehensive analytical benchmark, relying on Fokker-Planck formalism, to study microbial dynamics in the presence of both biotic and abiotic forces. In equilibrium, we observe a balance between the two kinds of forces, leading to no correlations between species abundances. This implies that real microbiomes, where correlations have been observed, operate out of equilibrium. Therefore, we analyze nonequilibrium dynamics, presenting an ansatz for an approximate solution that embodies the complex interplay of forces in the system. This solution is consistent with Taylor's law as a coarse-grained approximation of the relation between species abundance and variance, but implies subtler effects, predicting unobserved structure beyond Taylor's law. Motivated by this theoretical prediction, we refine the analysis of existing metagenomic data, unveiling a novel universal macroecological pattern. Finally, we speculate on the physical origin of Taylor's law: building upon an analogy with Brownian motion theory, we propose that Taylor's law emerges as a fluctuation-growth relation resulting from equipartition of environmental resources among microbial species. more...
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- 2024
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18. Sparse species interactions reproduce abundance correlation patterns in microbial communities.
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Camacho-Mateu J, Lampo A, Sireci M, Muñoz MA, and Cuesta JA
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- Bayes Theorem, Metagenome, Algorithms, Metagenomics, Microbiota
- Abstract
During the last decades, macroecology has identified broad-scale patterns of abundances and diversity of microbial communities and put forward some potential explanations for them. However, these advances are not paralleled by a full understanding of the dynamical processes behind them. In particular, abundance fluctuations of different species are found to be correlated, both across time and across communities in metagenomic samples. Reproducing such correlations through appropriate population models remains an open challenge. The present paper tackles this problem and points to sparse species interactions as a necessary mechanism to account for them. Specifically, we discuss several possibilities to include interactions in population models and recognize Lotka-Volterra constants as a successful ansatz. For this, we design a Bayesian inference algorithm to extract sets of interaction constants able to reproduce empirical probability distributions of pairwise correlations for diverse biomes. Importantly, the inferred models still reproduce well-known single-species macroecological patterns concerning abundance fluctuations across both species and communities. Endorsed by the agreement with the empirically observed phenomenology, our analyses provide insights into the properties of the networks of microbial interactions, revealing that sparsity is a crucial feature., Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest. more...
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- 2024
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19. On the Cut-Off Value of the Anteroposterior Diameter of the Midbrain Atrophy in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 Patients.
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Álvarez-Cuesta JA, Mora-Batista C, Reyes-Carreto R, Carrillo-Rodes FJ, Fitz SJT, González-Zaldivar Y, and Vargas-De-León C
- Abstract
(1) Background: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) is a term that refers to a group of hereditary ataxias, which are neurological diseases characterized by degeneration of the cells that constitute the cerebellum. Studies suggest that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) supports diagnoses of ataxias, and linear measurements of the aneteroposterior diameter of the midbrain (ADM) have been investigated using MRI. These measurements correspond to studies in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) patients and in healthy subjects. Our goal was to obtain the cut-off value for ADM atrophy in SCA2 patients. (2) Methods: This study evaluated 99 participants (66 SCA2 patients and 33 healthy controls). The sample was divided into estimations (80%) and validation (20%) samples. Using the estimation sample, we fitted a logistic model using the ADM and obtained the cut-off value through the inverse of regression. (3) Results: The optimal cut-off value of ADM was found to be 18.21 mm. The area under the curve (AUC) of the atrophy risk score was 0.957 (95% CI: 0.895-0.991). Using this cut-off on the validation sample, we found a sensitivity of 100.00% (95% CI: 76.84%-100.00%) and a specificity of 85.71% (95% CI: 42.13%-99.64%). (4) Conclusions: We obtained a cut-off value that has an excellent discriminatory capacity to identify SCA2 patients. more...
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- 2024
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20. Trends in the decapod crustacean community at the southernmost estuary of the Atlantic coast of Europe.
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González-Ortegón E, de Carvalho-Souza GF, Vilas C, Baldó F, and Cuesta JA
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- Animals, Estuaries, Europe, Spain, Ecosystem, Decapoda
- Abstract
Climate change may enhance the establishment of introduced species, as well as the poleward shift in distribution of numerous species over decades. Long-term research and monitoring of an ecosystem at the southernmost point of the Atlantic coast of Europe should be an important priority in order to detect and understand trends in species composition and the related environmental changes. The Guadalquivir estuary (South West Spain) is more likely to suffer the exacerbated effects of climate change due to its location in the Mediterranean-climate zone. The long-term data set between 1997 and 2006 has allowed us to analyse the variability of the natural and anthropogenic stressors. The mean interannual dissimilarity of the estuarine fauna (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index) has showed important differences throughout the years, and the species that most contributed to these differences were the exotic species capable of completing their life cycles. This long-term monitoring of the estuarine community has allowed us to anticipate future events and ecological risk assessment in European waters., (© 2023. The Author(s).) more...
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- 2023
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21. Identification of potential invasive alien species in Spain through horizon scanning.
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Cano-Barbacil C, Carrete M, Castro-Díez P, Delibes-Mateos M, Jaques JA, López-Darias M, Nogales M, Pino J, Ros M, Traveset A, Turon X, Vilà M, Altamirano M, Álvarez I, Arias A, Boix D, Cabido C, Cacabelos E, Cobo F, Cruz J, Cuesta JA, Dáder B, Del Estal P, Gallardo B, Gómez Laporta M, González-Moreno P, Hernández JC, Jiménez-Alfaro B, Lázaro Lobo A, Leza M, Montserrat M, Oliva-Paterna FJ, Piñeiro L, Ponce C, Pons P, Rotchés-Ribalta R, Roura-Pascual N, Sánchez M, Trillo A, Viñuela E, and García-Berthou E more...
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- Spain, Reproducibility of Results, Biodiversity, Introduced Species, Ecosystem
- Abstract
Invasive alien species have widespread impacts on native biodiversity and ecosystem services. Since the number of introductions worldwide is continuously rising, it is essential to prevent the entry, establishment and spread of new alien species through a systematic examination of future potential threats. Applying a three-step horizon scanning consensus method, we evaluated non-established alien species that could potentially arrive, establish and cause major ecological impact in Spain within the next 10 years. Overall, we identified 47 species with a very high risk (e.g. Oreochromis niloticus, Popillia japonica, Hemidactylus frenatus, Crassula helmsii or Halophila stipulacea), 61 with high risk, 93 with moderate risk, and 732 species with low risk. Many of the species categorized as very high or high risk to Spanish biodiversity are either already present in Europe and neighbouring countries or have a long invasive history elsewhere. This study provides an updated list of potential invasive alien species useful for prioritizing efforts and resources against their introduction. Compared to previous horizon scanning exercises in Spain, the current study screens potential invaders from a wider range of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine organisms, and can serve as a basis for more comprehensive risk analyses to improve management and increase the efficiency of the early warning and rapid response framework for invasive alien species. We also stress the usefulness of measuring agreement and consistency as two different properties of the reliability of expert scores, in order to more easily elaborate consensus ranked lists of potential invasive alien species., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.) more...
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- 2023
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22. Stability of the personal relationship networks in a longitudinal study of middle school students.
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Escribano D, Lapuente FJ, Cuesta JA, Dunbar RIM, and Sánchez A
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- Adolescent, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Schools, Students, Friends, Lewis Blood Group Antigens
- Abstract
The personal network of relationships is structured in circles of friendships, that go from the most intense relationships to the least intense ones. While this is a well established result, little is known about the stability of those circles and their evolution in time. To shed light on this issue, we study the temporal evolution of friendships among teenagers during two consecutive academic years by means of a survey administered on five occasions. We show that the first two circles, best friends and friends, can be clearly observed in the survey but also that being in one or the other leads to more or less stable relationships. We find that being in the same class is one of the key drivers of friendship evolution. We also observe an almost constant degree of reciprocity in the relationships, around 60%, a percentage influenced both by being in the same class and by gender homophily. Not only do our results confirm the mounting evidence supporting the circle structure of human social networks, but they also show that these structures persist in time despite the turnover of individual relationships-a fact that may prove particularly useful for understanding the social environment in middle schools., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.) more...
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- 2023
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23. Physics of diffusion in viral genome evolution.
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Manrubia S and Cuesta JA
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- Humans, Diffusion, Physics, Evolution, Molecular, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
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- 2023
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24. Corrigendum to 'A horizon scan exercise for aquatic invasive alien species in Iberian inland waters' Sci. Total Environ.869 (2023) 161798.
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Oficialdegui FJ, Zamora-Marín JM, Guareschi S, Anastácio PM, García-Murillo P, Ribeiro F, Miranda R, Cobo F, Gallardo B, García-Berthou E, Boix D, Arias A, Cuesta JA, Medina L, Almeida D, Banha F, Barca S, Biurrun I, Cabezas MP, Calero S, Campos JA, Capdevila-Argüelles L, Capinha C, Casals F, Clavero M, Encarnação J, Fernández-Delgado C, Franco J, Guillén A, Hermoso V, Machordom A, Martelo J, Mellado-Díaz A, Morcillo F, Oscoz J, Perdices A, Pou-Rovira Q, Rodríguez-Merino A, Ros M, Ruiz-Navarro A, Sánchez MI, Sánchez-Fernández D, Sánchez-González JR, Sánchez-Gullón E, Teodósio MA, Torralva M, Vieira-Lanero R, and Oliva-Paterna FJ more...
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. more...
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- 2023
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25. A horizon scan exercise for aquatic invasive alien species in Iberian inland waters.
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Oficialdegui FJ, Zamora-Marín JM, Guareschi S, Anastácio PM, García-Murillo P, Ribeiro F, Miranda R, Cobo F, Gallardo B, García-Berthou E, Boix D, Arias A, Cuesta JA, Medina L, Almeida D, Banha F, Barca S, Biurrun I, Cabezas MP, Calero S, Campos JA, Capdevila-Argüelles L, Capinha C, Casals F, Clavero M, Encarnação J, Fernández-Delgado C, Franco J, Guillén A, Hermoso V, Machordom A, Martelo J, Mellado-Díaz A, Morcillo F, Oscoz J, Perdices A, Pou-Rovira Q, Rodríguez-Merino A, Ros M, Ruiz-Navarro A, Sánchez MI, Sánchez-Fernández D, Sánchez-González JR, Sánchez-Gullón E, Teodósio MA, Torralva M, Vieira-Lanero R, and Oliva-Paterna FJ more...
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- Animals, Humans, Biodiversity, Vertebrates, Invertebrates, Introduced Species, Ecosystem
- Abstract
As the number of introduced species keeps increasing unabatedly, identifying and prioritising current and potential Invasive Alien Species (IAS) has become essential to manage them. Horizon Scanning (HS), defined as an exploration of potential threats, is considered a fundamental component of IAS management. By combining scientific knowledge on taxa with expert opinion, we identified the most relevant aquatic IAS in the Iberian Peninsula, i.e., those with the greatest geographic extent (or probability of introduction), severe ecological, economic and human health impacts, greatest difficulty and acceptability of management. We highlighted the 126 most relevant IAS already present in Iberian inland waters (i.e., Concern list) and 89 with a high probability of being introduced in the near future (i.e., Alert list), of which 24 and 10 IAS, respectively, were considered as a management priority after receiving the highest scores in the expert assessment (i.e., top-ranked IAS). In both lists, aquatic IAS belonging to the four thematic groups (plants, freshwater invertebrates, estuarine invertebrates, and vertebrates) were identified as having been introduced through various pathways from different regions of the world and classified according to their main functional feeding groups. Also, the latest update of the list of IAS of Union concern pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 includes only 12 top-ranked IAS identified for the Iberian Peninsula, while the national lists incorporate the vast majority of them. This fact underlines the great importance of taxa prioritisation exercises at biogeographical scales as a step prior to risk analyses and their inclusion in national lists. This HS provides a robust assessment and a cost-effective strategy for decision-makers and stakeholders to prioritise the use of limited resources for IAS prevention and management. Although applied at a transnational level in a European biodiversity hotspot, this approach is designed for potential application at any geographical or administrative scale, including the continental one., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) more...
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- 2023
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26. Triadic influence as a proxy for compatibility in social relationships.
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Ruiz-García M, Ozaita J, Pereda M, Alfonso A, Brañas-Garza P, Cuesta JA, and Sánchez A
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- Humans, Students, Neural Networks, Computer, Spain, Male, Female, Adolescent, Schools, Friends, Social Interaction, Social Networking, Personality
- Abstract
Networks of social interactions are the substrate upon which civilizations are built. Often, we create new bonds with people that we like or feel that our relationships are damaged through the intervention of third parties. Despite their importance and the huge impact that these processes have in our lives, quantitative scientific understanding of them is still in its infancy, mainly due to the difficulty of collecting large datasets of social networks including individual attributes. In this work, we present a thorough study of real social networks of 13 schools, with more than 3,000 students and 60,000 declared positive and negative relationships, including tests for personal traits of all the students. We introduce a metric-the "triadic influence"-that measures the influence of nearest neighbors in the relationships of their contacts. We use neural networks to predict the sign of the relationships in these social networks, extracting the probability that two students are friends or enemies depending on their personal attributes or the triadic influence. We alternatively use a high-dimensional embedding of the network structure to also predict the relationships. Remarkably, using the triadic influence (a simple one-dimensional metric) achieves the best accuracy, and adding the personal traits of the students does not improve the results, suggesting that the triadic influence acts as a proxy for the social compatibility of students. We postulate that the probabilities extracted from the neural networks-functions of the triadic influence and the personalities of the students-control the evolution of real social networks, opening an avenue for the quantitative study of these systems. more...
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- 2023
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27. A new species of hermit crab of the genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775 (Crustacea: Anomura: Paguridae) from north-western Africa.
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Almón B, Cuesta JA, and García-Raso JE
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- Male, Female, Animals, Phylogeny, Africa, Western, Africa, Northern, Anomura
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One male and two female specimens of an undescribed species of the heterogeneous hermit crab genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775, were found during the study of the collections of the Oceanographic Institute of Cádiz, containing specimens from African and European coasts collected during the scientific cruises carried out between in years 2008-2013. The new species is named Pagurus pectinidactylus n. sp., in reference to the presence of a well-developed toothless pectinate masticatory border in the dactylus of the left cheliped, composed by a row of tightly placed bristles forming a brush-like structure. The new species is compared to morphologically similar congeners, especially those that are genetically closest. Molecular phylogenetic analyses support the morphological delimitation, with P. pectinidactylus n. sp. forming a separate clade, more closely related to a group of South African species belonging to the Pagurus anachoretus group. more...
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- 2022
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28. Free-energy density functional for Strauss's model of transitive networks.
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Escribano D and Cuesta JA
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Ensemble models of graphs are one of the most important theoretical tools to study complex networks. Among them, exponential random graphs (ERGs) have proven to be very useful in the analysis of social networks. In this paper we develop a technique, borrowed from the statistical mechanics of lattice gases, to solve Strauss's model of transitive networks. This model was introduced long ago as an ERG ensemble for networks with high clustering and exhibits a first-order phase transition above a critical value of the triangle interaction parameter where two different kinds of networks with different densities of links (or, alternatively, different clustering) coexist. Compared to previous mean-field approaches, our method describes accurately even small networks and can be extended beyond Strauss's classical model-e.g., to networks with different types of nodes. This allows us to tackle, for instance, models with node homophily. We provide results for the latter and show that they accurately reproduce the outcome of Monte Carlo simulations. more...
- Published
- 2022
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29. Prevalence of mutualism in a simple model of microbial coevolution.
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Stucchi L, Galeano J, Pastor JM, Iriondo JM, and Cuesta JA
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- Prevalence, Population Dynamics, Models, Biological, Biological Evolution, Symbiosis
- Abstract
Evolutionary transitions among ecological interactions are widely known, although their detailed dynamics remain absent for most population models. Adaptive dynamics has been used to illustrate how the parameters of population models might shift through evolution, but within an ecological regime. Here we use adaptive dynamics combined with a generalized logistic model of population dynamics to show that transitions of ecological interactions might appear as a consequence of evolution. To this purpose, we introduce a two-microbial toy model in which population parameters are determined by a bookkeeping of resources taken from (and excreted to) the environment, as well as from the byproducts of the other species. Despite its simplicity, this model exhibits all kinds of potential ecological transitions, some of which resemble those found in nature. Overall, the model shows a clear trend toward the emergence of mutualism. more...
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- 2022
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30. Chimpanzees organize their social relationships like humans.
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Escribano D, Doldán-Martelli V, Cronin KA, Haun DBM, van Leeuwen EJC, Cuesta JA, and Sánchez A
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- Animals, Emotions, Grooming, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Pan troglodytes psychology, Social Behavior
- Abstract
Human relationships are structured in a set of layers, ordered from higher (intimate relationships) to lower (acquaintances) emotional and cognitive intensity. This structure arises from the limits of our cognitive capacity and the different amounts of resources required by different relationships. However, it is unknown whether nonhuman primate species organize their affiliative relationships following the same pattern. We here show that the time chimpanzees devote to grooming other individuals is well described by the same model used for human relationships, supporting the existence of similar social signatures for both humans and chimpanzees. Furthermore, the relationship structure depends on group size as predicted by the model, the proportion of high-intensity connections being larger for smaller groups., (© 2022. The Author(s).) more...
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- 2022
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31. The long and winding road to understanding organismal construction: Reply to comments on "From genotypes to organisms: State-of-the-art and perspectives of a cornerstone in evolutionary dynamics".
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Manrubia S, Cuesta JA, Aguirre J, Ahnert SE, Altenberg L, Cano AV, Catalán P, Diaz-Uriarte R, Elena SF, García-Martín JA, Hogeweg P, Khatri BS, Krug J, Louis AA, Martin NS, Payne JL, Tarnowski MJ, and Weiß M more...
- Subjects
- Genotype, Biological Evolution
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. more...
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- 2022
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32. Two new hermit crab species of Diogenes (Crustacea: Decapoda: Diogenidae) from Atlanto-Mediterranean coasts of Iberian Peninsula: Poleward migrants or merely overlooked indigenous species?
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Almón B, Cuesta JA, and García-Raso JE
- Abstract
A new hermit crab species of the genus Diogenes with reddish-orange cheliped, Diogenes erythromanus sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on specimens from the Mediterranean coasts of the Iberian Peninsula, southern Spain. In addition, a second morphotype originating from Mauritanian waters and morphologically very close to D. erythromanus sp. nov. is described as a different species, D. arguinensis sp. nov. The new species are here compared to morphologically similar congeners, especially to those inhabiting the same geographical range. Diogenes erythromanus sp. nov. is distinguishable from other Diogenes primarily by the shape and armature of the left cheliped, with a palm slightly higher than long, with a ridge of spines running along the proximal lower margin that continues with a series of spinose rows forming a central band parallel to the upper margin of the palm. The palm in D. arguinensis sp. nov. is longer than high and shows similar proximal ridge, but without central spinose ridge. The shape of the cheliped is also different in D. arguinensis sp. nov., with long dactylus, which is also flattened and twisted. Sequences from two mitochondrial and one nuclear genes, and comparative analyses with other available sequences for the genus, are also included. Molecular phylogenetic analyses support the morphological delimitation, with D. erythromanus sp. nov. and D. arguinensis sp. nov. forming a separate group, more related to other tropical species, which raises different possible explanations for its presence in the Iberian Peninsula., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (© 2022 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) more...
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- 2022
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33. Beyond Dunbar circles: a continuous description of social relationships and resource allocation.
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Tamarit I, Sánchez A, and Cuesta JA
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- Bayes Theorem, Cell Phone, Datasets as Topic, Female, Humans, Male, Social Interaction, Social Media, Interpersonal Relations, Resource Allocation
- Abstract
We discuss the structure of human relationship patterns in terms of a new formalism that allows to study resource allocation problems where the cost of the resource may take continuous values. This is in contrast with the main focus of previous studies where relationships were classified in a few, discrete layers (known as Dunbar's circles) with the cost being the same within each layer. We show that with our continuum approach we can identify a parameter [Formula: see text] that is the equivalent of the ratio of relationships between adjacent circles in the discrete case, with a value [Formula: see text]. We confirm this prediction using three different datasets coming from phone records, face-to-face contacts, and interactions in Facebook. As the sample size increases, the distributions of estimated parameters smooth around the predicted value of [Formula: see text]. The existence of a characteristic value of the parameter at the population level indicates that the model is capturing a seemingly universal feature on how humans manage relationships. Our analyses also confirm earlier results showing the existence of social signatures arising from having to allocate finite resources into different relationships, and that the structure of online personal networks mirrors those in the off-line world., (© 2022. The Author(s).) more...
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- 2022
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34. Annotated and updated checklist of marine crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) of Mozambique supported by morphological and molecular data from shelf and slope species of the MOZAMBIQUE surveys.
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Muoz I, Garca-Isarch E, and Cuesta JA
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- Animals, Female, Mozambique, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Brachyura genetics, Lice Infestations
- Abstract
An updated checklist of Mozambican marine brachyuran crabs is generated based on an exhaustive revision of the existing literature, together with the additional records provided by the specimens collected throughout the three MOZAMBIQUE surveys carried out in Mozambican waters during three consecutive years (20072009) by the Instituto Espaol de Oceanografa, (Spanish Institute of Oceanography, IEO). A total of 269 species, grouped in 15 superfamilies, 26 families and 172 genera are reported in the checklist, and a detailed inventory is produced with the list and remarks about the brachyuran species collected. Thirty-nine crab species belonging to 19 families were identified based on morphological characteristics and/or genetic tools. DNA barcode sequences (16S rRNA and/or COI) were obtained for 37 species, including 16S and COI sequences that are new for 26 and 14 species, respectively. Colour photographs of fresh specimens illustrate the comments about most species, being the first time that the original colour pattern is described for some of them. New records in Mozambican waters are reported for the species Paromolopsis boasi, Mursia aspera, Carcinoplax ischurodous, Tanaoa pustulosus, Euclosiana exquisita, Oxypleurodon difficilis, Naxioides robillardi, Samadinia galathea, Cyrtomaia gaillardi, Paramaja gibba, Pleistacantha ori, Parathranites granosus, Parathranites orientalis, Ovalipes iridescens and Charybdis smithii, and second records for Moloha alcocki, Samadinia pulchra and Charybdis africana. In addition, Raninoides crosnieri, S. galathea and P. ori were collected for the first time after their descriptions. The female of Samadinia galathea is described for the first time, and a potential new species of Mursia is reported. Some records expand the known bathymetric range of certain species and/or their general distribution. New molecular and morphological data suggest the necessity of the revision of P. boasi, R. crosnieri, C. africana and the genera Platymaia and Carcinoplax. The variability and taxonomic validity of some morphological characters in brachyuran systematic is discussed. more...
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- 2021
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35. DNA barcoding allows identification of undescribed crab megalopas from the open sea.
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Marco-Herrero E, Cuesta JA, and González-Gordillo JI
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- Animals, DNA genetics, Larva, Phylogeny, Plankton, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Species Specificity, Brachyura genetics, DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic methods
- Abstract
Megalopas of 15 brachyuran crab species collected in the open sea plankton, and unknown until now, were identified using DNA barcodes (COI and 16S rRNA). Specimens belonging to the families Portunidae, Pseudorhombilidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura), and corresponding to the species Achelous floridanus, Arenaeus mexicanus, Callinectes amnicola, C. arcuatus, C. ornatus, C. toxones, Charybdis (Charybdis) hellerii, Portunus hastatus, Thalamita admete, Scopolius nuttingi, Etisus odhneri, Liomera cinctimanus, Neoliomera cerasinus, Pseudoliomera variolosa, and Williamstimpsonia stimpsoni, are described and illustrated, and compared with other congeneric species previously described. We also provide a new geographical record for N. cerasinus and the most remarkable features for each species., (© 2021. The Author(s).) more...
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- 2021
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36. Prognostic factors in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients-receiving second-line treatment: a single institution experience.
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Gutierrez-Sainz L, Viñal D, Villamayor J, Martinez-Perez D, Garcia-Cuesta JA, Ghanem I, Custodio A, and Feliu J
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate blood, Capecitabine therapeutic use, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal mortality, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal pathology, Clinical Decision-Making, Deoxycytidine analogs & derivatives, Deoxycytidine therapeutic use, Disease Progression, Female, Fluorouracil therapeutic use, Humans, Irinotecan therapeutic use, Leucovorin therapeutic use, Logistic Models, Lymphocytes cytology, Male, Middle Aged, Neutrophils cytology, Oxaliplatin therapeutic use, Oxaloacetates therapeutic use, Pancreatic Neoplasms mortality, Pancreatic Neoplasms pathology, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Gemcitabine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal drug therapy, Pancreatic Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: Second-line (2L) treatments for advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) achieve a modest benefit at the expense of potential toxicity. In the absence of predictive factors of response, the identification of prognostic factors could help in the therapeutic decisions-making. The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic factors associated with shorter survival in patients with advanced PDAC who received 2L treatment., Methods: We conducted a single institution retrospective study, which included all patients with advanced PDAC who received 2L treatment between September 2006 and February 2020 at La Paz University Hospital, Madrid (Spain). Significant variables in the logistic regression model were used to create a prognostic score., Results: We included 108 patients. The median overall survival (OS) was 5.10 months (95%CI 4.02-6.17). In the multivariate analysis, time to progression (TTP) shorter than 4 months after first-line treatment (OR 4.53 [95%CI 1.28-16.00] p = 0.01), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) greater than 3 at the beginning of 2L (OR 9.07 [95%CI 1.82-45.16] p = 0.01) and CA-19.9 level higher than the upper limit of normal at the beginning of 2L (OR 7.83 [95%CI 1.30-49.97] p = 0.02) were independently associated with OS shorter than 3 months. The prognostic score classified patients into three prognostic groups (good, intermediate and poor) with significant differences in OS (p < 0.001)., Conclusions: TTP shorter than 4 months after first-line treatment, NLR greater than 3 and CA-19.9 level higher than the upper limit of normal at the beginning of 2L were associated with shorter overall survival. We developed a prognostic score that classifies patients with advanced PDAC into three prognostic groups after progression to the first-line. This score could help in the decision-making for 2L treatment., (© 2021. Federación de Sociedades Españolas de Oncología (FESEO).) more...
- Published
- 2021
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37. From genotypes to organisms: State-of-the-art and perspectives of a cornerstone in evolutionary dynamics.
- Author
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Manrubia S, Cuesta JA, Aguirre J, Ahnert SE, Altenberg L, Cano AV, Catalán P, Diaz-Uriarte R, Elena SF, García-Martín JA, Hogeweg P, Khatri BS, Krug J, Louis AA, Martin NS, Payne JL, Tarnowski MJ, and Weiß M more...
- Subjects
- Phenotype, Genotype
- Abstract
Understanding how genotypes map onto phenotypes, fitness, and eventually organisms is arguably the next major missing piece in a fully predictive theory of evolution. We refer to this generally as the problem of the genotype-phenotype map. Though we are still far from achieving a complete picture of these relationships, our current understanding of simpler questions, such as the structure induced in the space of genotypes by sequences mapped to molecular structures, has revealed important facts that deeply affect the dynamical description of evolutionary processes. Empirical evidence supporting the fundamental relevance of features such as phenotypic bias is mounting as well, while the synthesis of conceptual and experimental progress leads to questioning current assumptions on the nature of evolutionary dynamics-cancer progression models or synthetic biology approaches being notable examples. This work delves with a critical and constructive attitude into our current knowledge of how genotypes map onto molecular phenotypes and organismal functions, and discusses theoretical and empirical avenues to broaden and improve this comprehension. As a final goal, this community should aim at deriving an updated picture of evolutionary processes soundly relying on the structural properties of genotype spaces, as revealed by modern techniques of molecular and functional analysis., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2021
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38. Evolution of social relationships between first-year students at middle school: from cliques to circles.
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Escribano D, Doldán-Martelli V, Lapuente FJ, Cuesta JA, and Sánchez A
- Subjects
- Female, Friends, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Social Behavior, Students statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
People organize their social relationships under a restriction on the number that a single individual can maintain simultaneously (the so-called Dunbar's number, ~150). Additionally, personal networks show a characteristic layered structure where each layer corresponds to relationships of different emotional closeness. This structure, referred to as Dunbar's circles, has mostly been considered from a static viewpoint, and their structure and evolution is largely unexplored. Here we study the issue of the evolution of the structure of positive and negative relationships in early adolescence by using data from students in their first year at middle school obtained from surveys conducted in class in two different waves separated by several months. Our results show that, initially, students have a lower number of total relationships but the majority are more intense and over time they report a higher number of total relationships, but the more intense relationships appear in a lower proportion. We have also found differences in the structure of communities at both temporal moments. While in the first instance the communities that appeared are mixed, made up of both boys and girls, in the second they changed so that they were separated primarily by gender. In addition, the size of each community was stabilized around 15 people, which coincides with the size of the second Dunbar's circle, known as the sympathy group in social psychology. As a consequence, in groups with around 20 students of the same gender, they tend to split in two separate communities of about 10 each, below the second Dunbar's circle threshold. On the other hand, groups with more stable community structure appear to go through the inverse process of friendship evolution, becoming more focused on their best relationships. All these results suggest how the layered structure of the personal network, as well as the community structure of the social network, emerge directly from the union of both positive and negative relationships. Thus, we provide a new perspective about its temporal evolution that may have relevant applications to improve school life and student performance. more...
- Published
- 2021
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39. Incidence of venous thromboembolic events in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: a single-institution experience.
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Gutierrez-Sainz L, Martinez-Marin V, Viñal D, Martinez-Perez D, Pedregosa J, Garcia-Cuesta JA, Villamayor J, Zamora P, Pinto A, Redondo A, Castelo B, Cruz P, Higuera O, Custodio A, Gallego A, Sanchez-Cabrero D, de Castro-Carpeño J, Espinosa E, and Feliu J more...
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Immunotherapy adverse effects, Neoplasms therapy, Venous Thromboembolism epidemiology, Venous Thromboembolism etiology
- Abstract
Background: Cancer and cancer therapies have been associated with an increased incidence of venous thromboembolic events (VTE). However, the incidence of VTE in patients on immunotherapy has not been well characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of VTE in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy and ascertain its prognostic utility., Materials and Methods: We conducted a single-institution retrospective study, including all cancer patients treated with anti-Programmed cell Death 1 (PD-1), anti-Programmed cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1), anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 (CTLA4), a combination of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 or a combination including any of these drugs with chemotherapy, antiangiogenic agents or both between June 2013 and April 2019 at La Paz University Hospital, Madrid (Spain)., Results: We selected 229 patients. VTE occurred in 16 of 229 patients (7%). VTE occurred more frequently in patients with lung cancer followed by melanoma. Female sex and melanoma were independently associated with an increased risk of VTE. 12 of 16 VTE (75%) were symptomatic. Progressive disease to immunotherapy [HR 31.60 (95% CI 11.44-87.22), p = 0.00], lung cancer [HR 2.55 (95% CI 1.34-4.86), p = 0.00] and melanoma [HR 2.42 (1.20-4.86), p = 0.01] were independently associated with shorter OS. VTE occurrence was not independently associated with shorter OS [HR 1.33 (95% CI 0.63-2.80), p = 0.44]., Conclusions: The incidence of VTE in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy in our study appeared to be similar to the incidence previously reported in other series of cancer patients treated with systemic therapies. VTE occurrence did not correlate with the prognosis. Further and prospective studies are needed to derive definitive conclusions. more...
- Published
- 2021
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40. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced cancer patients receiving immunotherapy.
- Author
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Viñal D, Gutierrez-Sainz L, Martinez D, Garcia-Cuesta JA, Pedregosa J, Villamayor J, Ostios L, Sanchez-Cabrero D, Higuera O, Pinto A, Rodriguez-Salas N, Espinosa E, de Castro J, and Feliu J
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Humans, Leukocyte Count, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms mortality, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Immunotherapy, Lymphocytes, Neoplasms blood, Neoplasms therapy, Neutrophils
- Abstract
Background: The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been extensively studied in cancer patients. However, the performance of NLR as an early marker of efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is still understudied. We studied the utility of NLR at baseline (bNLR), before the second dose of immunotherapy (NLR2) and the NLR trend for predicting efficacy outcomes., Methods: We included all patients with advanced cancer treated with ICI from June 2013 to April 2019 at La Paz University Hospital, Madrid (Spain). We examined bNLR, NLR2 and NLR trend and explored the association with progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months, median PFS and overall survival (OS)., Results: We included 211 patients. PFS and OS were significantly longer in the low bNLR group than in the high bNLR group [HR 0.71 (95% CI 0.60-0.84) and HR: 0.66 (95% CI 0.55-0.79), respectively]. Regarding NLR2, patients with low NLR2 had significantly longer PFS and OS than patients with high NLR2 [HR 0.67 (95% CI 0.57-0.79) and HR: 0.60 (95% CI 0.50-0.72), respectively]. Finally, for NLR trend, PFS and OS for patients with NLR trend < 1 were significantly longer than those patients with NLR trend ≥ 1 [HR 0.59 (95% CI 0.43-0.82) and HR 0.63 (95% CI 0.44-0.90), respectively]. At the multivariate analysis for PFS and OS, bNLR, NLR2 and NLR trend were all independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS., Conclusions: bNLR, NLR2 and NLR trends are independent prognostic factors for survival in patients on immunotherapy. The dynamics of NLR in patients on immunotherapy is a promising marker that needs further investigation. more...
- Published
- 2021
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41. Ecological quality assessement of marinas: An integrative approach combining biological and environmental data.
- Author
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Guerra-García JM, Navarro-Barranco C, Ros M, Sedano F, Espinar R, Fernández-Romero A, Martínez-Laiz G, Cuesta JA, Giráldez I, Morales E, Florido M, and Moreira J
- Subjects
- Animals, Biodiversity, Biota, Environmental Monitoring, Invertebrates, Ecosystem, Metals, Heavy analysis
- Abstract
The importance of marinas as infrastructures for recreational boating is increasing substantially. However, information on their soft-bottom benthic communities, a key tool for managing programmes, is still scarce. We combined environment features with macro- and meiofaunal soft-bottom community information for assessing the ecological status of marinas with an integrative approach. To address this issue, we focused on eight marinas of the Southern Iberian Peninsula. Macro- and meiofauna data revealed high benthic heterogeneity at a spatial scale. The environmental variables which correlated best with macrofauna were mainly phosphorus, granulometry, and total organic carbon, and secondarily important variables were faecal coliforms, the biocide Irgarol, and heavy metals; total hydrocarbon concentration was also significant for meiofauna. Annelida was the dominant phylum in terms of number of species (37%) and abundance (66%) and were better descriptors of the environmental conditions than Arthropoda and Mollusca. Although identification to the species level is desirable and mandatory for assessing biological pollution, significant differences among marinas and correlations between fauna and abiotic variables were already detected at the level of family and order. This implies that biota assessment at higher levels may still be useful in monitoring programmes limited by time and budget constraints. The major novelty of this study lies in the development of an integrative assessment method based on the following selected ecological indicators: Marinas Environmental Pollution Index (MEPI), Biocontamination Index (BCI), macrofaunal biotic indices (AMBI, M-AMBI, BENTIX, MEDOCC and BENFES), macrofaunal taxa richness and Shannon-Wiener's diversity, and nematode:copepod index. This approach was able to discriminate marinas of the Southern Iberian Peninsula based on their ecological status, which ranged from poor to good. The method can be useful to design standards for assigning "sustainable quality seals" to those marinas with better values of ecological indicators., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2021
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42. Framing in multiple public goods games and donation to charities.
- Author
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Maciel Cardoso F, Meloni S, Gracia-Lázaro C, Antonioni A, Cuesta JA, Sánchez A, and Moreno Y
- Abstract
The vast amount of research devoted to public goods games has shown that contributions may be dramatically affected by varying framing conditions. This is particularly relevant in the context of donations to charities and non-governmental organizations. Here, we design a multiple public goods experiment by introducing five types of funds, each differing in the fraction of the contribution that is donated to a charity. We found that people contribute more to public goods when the associated social donations are presented as indirect rather than as direct donations. At the same time, the fraction of the donations devoted to charity is not affected by the framing. We have also found that, on average, women contribute to public goods and donate to charity significantly more than men. These findings are of potential interest to the design of social investment tools, in particular for charities to ask for better institutional designs from policy makers., (© 2021 The Authors.) more...
- Published
- 2021
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43. Isotopic niche provides an insight into the ecology of a symbiont during its geographic expansion.
- Author
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González-Ortegón E, Perez-Miguel M, Navas JI, Drake P, and Cuesta JA
- Abstract
The study of the recent colonization of a symbiont and its interaction with host communities in new locations is an opportunity to understand how they interact. The use of isotopic ratios in trophic ecology can provide measurements of a species' isotopic niche, as well as knowledge about how the isotopic niches between symbiont and host species overlap. Stable isotope measurements were used to assess the sources of carbon assimilated by the host species (the bivalves Mytilus galloprovincialis and Scrobicularia plana ) and their associated symbiont pea crab Afropinnotheres monodi , which occurs within these bivalves' mantle cavities. The mixing model estimates suggest that all of them assimilate carbon from similar sources, particularly from pseudofaeces and particulate organic matter in this symbiotic system based on filter feeding. The symbiotic species occupy comparable trophic levels and its association seems to be commensal or parasitic depending on the duration of such association. The pea crab A. monodi reflects a sex-specific diet, where males are more generalist than the soft females because the latter's habitat is restricted to the host bivalve. The high isotopic overlap between soft females and M. galloprovincialis may reflect a good commensal relationship with the host., (© The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Editorial Office, Current Zoology.) more...
- Published
- 2021
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44. Relation between cumulative damage in systemic lupus erythematosus and recognised disability by the National Social Security Institute of Spain (INSS).
- Author
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Fernández Matilla M, Grau García E, Fernández-Llanio Comella N, Chalmeta Verdejo I, Ivorra Cortés J, Castellano Cuesta JA, and Román Ivorra JA
- Abstract
Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease that particularly affects young women during their second and third decades. Events attributed to SLE itself and others related to the disease may impact negatively on the quality of life, employment and disability. However, there are not many studies focused on the impact that the disease may have on patients regarding those aspects. In Spain, the evaluation of disability and the assignation of a pension is given by the National Social Security Institute of Spain, INSS ("Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social")., Objective: To assess the relationship between cumulative damage regarding the affected organ and the percentage of disability recognised by the National Social Security Institute of Spain (INSS) in SLE patients., Methods: Cross-sectional prospective study of SLE patients according to the SLICC-2012 criteria, from the Rheumatology Service of two Spanish hospitals. We collected clinical and demographic data through personal interview and the SLICC/ACR questionnaire, and classified patients regarding a recognised disability or not., Results: 142 patients were evaluated; 30% had some percentage of official disability. We found a positive correlation between percentage of recognised disability and the SLICC/ACR index score. Musculoskeletal system is the most affected system, without differences between both groups; but we found a higher proportion of damage in nervous system, renal and vasculitis in patients with a recognised disability., Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between percentage of recognised disability in Spain and the cumulative damage in SLE., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Reumatología y Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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45. The turning point and end of an expanding epidemic cannot be precisely forecast.
- Author
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Castro M, Ares S, Cuesta JA, and Manrubia S
- Subjects
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections prevention & control, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Humans, Models, Biological, Pandemics prevention & control, Pneumonia, Viral prevention & control, Pneumonia, Viral transmission, SARS-CoV-2, Spain epidemiology, Uncertainty, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Forecasting methods, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology
- Abstract
Epidemic spread is characterized by exponentially growing dynamics, which are intrinsically unpredictable. The time at which the growth in the number of infected individuals halts and starts decreasing cannot be calculated with certainty before the turning point is actually attained; neither can the end of the epidemic after the turning point. A susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model with confinement (SCIR) illustrates how lockdown measures inhibit infection spread only above a threshold that we calculate. The existence of that threshold has major effects in predictability: A Bayesian fit to the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain shows that a slowdown in the number of newly infected individuals during the expansion phase allows one to infer neither the precise position of the maximum nor whether the measures taken will bring the propagation to the inhibition regime. There is a short horizon for reliable prediction, followed by a dispersion of the possible trajectories that grows extremely fast. The impossibility to predict in the midterm is not due to wrong or incomplete data, since it persists in error-free, synthetically produced datasets and does not necessarily improve by using larger datasets. Our study warns against precise forecasts of the evolution of epidemics based on mean-field, effective, or phenomenological models and supports that only probabilities of different outcomes can be confidently given., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest., (Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.) more...
- Published
- 2020
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46. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and other inflammatory markers in patients with high-risk soft tissue sarcomas.
- Author
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Viñal D, Martinez D, Garcia-Cuesta JA, Gutierrez-Sainz L, Martinez-Recio S, Villamayor J, Martinez-Marin V, Gallego A, Ortiz-Cruz E, Mendiola M, Pozo-Kreilinger JJ, Berjon A, Belinchon B, Bernabeu D, Espinosa E, Feliu J, and Redondo A more...
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Blood Platelets, Female, Humans, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase blood, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Sarcoma blood, Sarcoma therapy, Young Adult, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils, Sarcoma mortality
- Abstract
Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) have a high risk of relapse in spite of the use of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. In this context, looking for new prognostic biomarkers is an interesting field of research. Our aim is to analyze the prognostic impact of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and other serum markers in patients with STS who received chemotherapy with curative intent., Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study. We included all patients with STS (primary tumor, local recurrence or resected metastatic disease) treated with high-dose ifosfamide and epirubicin with curative intent from January 2007 to December 2018. The pretreatment NLR and other serum markers were calculated, selecting the median as the cut-off value for the survival and multivariate analysis., Results: Seventy-nine patients were included. Median NLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were 2.83, 174.05 and 3.25, respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer in patients with low NLR [not reached (NR) vs 21, 92 months, P < 0.01]. No significant differences were found for PFS regarding PLR or LMR. For overall survival (OS), a significant survival advantage was also found for patients with low NLR (NR vs 65.45 months, P = 0.01), without differences for PLR or LMR. In multivariate analysis, NLR remains an independent prognostic factor for PFS., Conclusion: In our cohort, low NLR was significantly associated with a longer PFS and OS, and is consolidated as an independent prognostic factor. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Hierarchical clustering of bipartite data sets based on the statistical significance of coincidences.
- Author
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Tamarit I, Pereda M, and Cuesta JA
- Abstract
When some 'entities' are related by the 'features' they share they are amenable to a bipartite network representation. Plant-pollinator ecological communities, co-authorship of scientific papers, customers and purchases, or answers in a poll, are but a few examples. Analyzing clustering of such entities in the network is a useful tool with applications in many fields, like internet technology, recommender systems, or detection of diseases. The algorithms most widely applied to find clusters in bipartite networks are variants of modularity optimization. Here, we provide a hierarchical clustering algorithm based on a dissimilarity between entities that quantifies the probability that the features shared by two entities are due to mere chance. The algorithm performance is O(n^{2}) when applied to a set of n entities, and its outcome is a dendrogram exhibiting the connections of those entities. Through the introduction of a 'susceptibility' measure we can provide an 'optimal' choice for the clustering as well as quantify its quality. The dendrogram reveals further useful structural information though-like the existence of subclusters within clusters or of nodes that do not fit in any cluster. We illustrate the algorithm by applying it first to a set of synthetic networks, and then to a selection of examples. We also illustrate how to transform our algorithm into a valid alternative for one-mode networks as well, and show that it performs at least as well as the standard, modularity-based algorithms-with a higher numerical performance. We provide an implementation of the algorithm in python freely accessible from GitHub. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Populations of genetic circuits are unable to find the fittest solution in a multilevel genotype-phenotype map.
- Author
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Catalán P, Manrubia S, and Cuesta JA
- Subjects
- Genotype, Models, Genetic, Phenotype, Gene Regulatory Networks, Synthetic Biology
- Abstract
The evolution of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) is of great relevance for both evolutionary and synthetic biology. Understanding the relationship between GRN structure and its function can allow us to understand the selective pressures that have shaped a given circuit. This is especially relevant when considering spatio-temporal expression patterns, where GRN models have been shown to be extremely robust and evolvable. However, previous models that studied GRN evolution did not include the evolution of protein and genetic elements that underlie GRN architecture. Here we use toyLIFE, a multilevel genotype-phenotype map, to show that not all GRNs are equally likely in genotype space and that evolution is biased to find the most common GRNs. toyLIFE rules create Boolean GRNs that, embedded in a one-dimensional tissue, develop a variety of spatio-temporal gene expression patterns. Populations of toyLIFE organisms choose the most common GRN out of a set of equally fit alternatives and, most importantly, fail to find a target pattern when it is very rare in genotype space. Indeed, we show that the probability of finding the fittest phenotype increases dramatically with its abundance in genotype space. This phenotypic bias represents a mechanism that can prevent the fixation in the population of the fittest phenotype, one that is inherent to the structure of genotype space and the genotype-phenotype map. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Epistasis between cultural traits causes paradigm shifts in cultural evolution.
- Author
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Pascual I, Aguirre J, Manrubia S, and Cuesta JA
- Abstract
Every now and then the cultural paradigm of a society changes. While current models of cultural shifts usually require a major exogenous or endogenous change, we propose that the mechanism underlying many paradigm shifts may just be an emergent feature of the inherent congruence among different cultural traits. We implement this idea through a population dynamics model in which individuals are defined by a vector of cultural traits that changes mainly through cultural contagion, biased by a 'cultural fitness' landscape, between contemporary individuals. Cultural traits reinforce or hinder each other (through a form of cultural epistasis) to prevent cognitive dissonance. Our main result is that abrupt paradigm shifts occur, in response to weak changes in the landscape, only in the presence of epistasis between cultural traits, and regardless of whether horizontal transmission is biased by homophily. A relevant consequence of this dynamics is the irreversible nature of paradigm shifts: the old paradigm cannot be restored even if the external changes are undone. Our model puts the phenomenon of paradigm shifts in cultural evolution in the same category as catastrophic shifts in ecology or phase transitions in physics, where minute causes lead to major collective changes., Competing Interests: We declare we have no competing interest., (© 2020 The Authors.) more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Morphology of planktonic zoeal stages of Palicus caronii (Decapoda, Brachyura), identified by DNA barcoding, provides novelties to Palicoidea larval systematics.
- Author
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Di Muzio G, Mussat Sartor R, Nurra N, Battuello M, Pessani D, Cervella P, and Cuesta JA
- Subjects
- Animals, Brachyura anatomy & histology, Female, Larva physiology, Mediterranean Sea, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Plankton, Brachyura genetics, Brachyura physiology, DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic
- Abstract
The zoeal development of the brachyuran crab, Palicus caronii, comprises two zoeal stages and the morphology is described and illustrated in detail. The zoeae were collected in plankton samples from the Southern Ligurian Sea (Western Mediterranean). Although the morphology of the larval stages of this species was unknown, a combination of characters allowed the zoeae to initially be assigned to the Palicidae, based on the previous unique known first zoeal description of one species of this family. Later, the identification of the larvae as Palicus caronii was confirmed through molecular analysis. The morphological features of the zoeae that characterize the Palicidae and separate them from the Crossotonotidae are confirmed. Also, the larval development comprising only two zoeal stages observed in Palicus caronii, the peculiar and uncommon carapace surface setation, and the presence of anterodorsal and posterodorsal sensory dorsal organs suggest that these characters could be common to the Palicoidea. more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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