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Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina, de 15 años de edad, cuyo motivo de consulta fue la sensación de cuerpo extraño y aumento de volumen de coloración oscura en el globo ocular derecho. Antecedentes personales de trauma no referidos. Al examen físico se encontró una masa alargada, oscura, de bordes regulares y dura a la palpación, por debajo de la conjuntiva bulbar. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico y se extrajo un cuerpo extraño subconjuntival compatible con la punta de un lápiz, englobado en su extremo distal por un tejido fibrovascular, oscuro y con brillo metálico. Se exponen algunas consideraciones que pudieran ser la explicación para el comportamiento tisular adyacente al cuerpo extraño. Por lo poco común del caso se decidió su presentación.

Introduction. Several ophthalmological conditions are causes of consultations to the emergency services. The objective of this study was to determine the most common causes of consultation to the ophthalmological emergency service of a tertiary institution in Colombia and thus be able to explore in the future the possibility of identifying some preventive measures aimed at reducing the frequency of these causes. Methodology. Retrospective descriptive study based on the records of patients attending the emergency department during 2014 and 2015, identifying the diseases based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes. Results. 9,088 and 8,162 records were identified for 2014 and 2015, respectively. The most frequent causes of ophthalmologic urgency consultation for the year 2014 were: corneal or conjunctive foreign body with 20.2 %, acute conjunctivitis not specified 11.3 %, conjunctival trauma and corneal abrasion 8.3 %, conjunctival haemorrhage 5.8 % and corneal burns 4.7 %. In 2015 the causes were: foreign body in the cornea or conjunctiva (23.6 %), conjunctival trauma and corneal abrasion (9.0 %), acute unspecified conjunctivitis (8.9 %), conjunctival hemorrhage (4.4 %), and corneal burns (4.0 %). Discussion. The most frequent causes of consultation with ophthalmologic emergencies included trauma and infections of the anterior segment of the eye. Conclusions. There is a possibility of identifying some preventive measures (adequate protection elements, behavior protocols in situations of risk, etc.) that help to reduce the frequency of eye traumas and minimize the risk of infections. There is room for more studies in which the specific mechanisms of these injuries are analyzed.

The case of a 15-year-old female patient is presented, whose main complaint was the sensation of a foreign body and increased volume of dark coloration in the right eyeball. Personal history of trauma not reported. On physical examination, an elongated, dark mass with regular edges and hard on palpation was found below the bulbar conjunctiva. Surgical treatment was performed and a subconjunctival foreign body compatible with the tip of a pencil was removed, encompassed at its distal end by a dark, fibrovascular tissue with metallic luster. Some considerations that could be the explanation for the tissue behavior adjacent to the foreign body are exposed. Due to its unusual nature, the presentation of the case was decided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El trauma ocular constituye un problema de salud en el mundo actual y una causa común de deficiencia visual que deja en el paciente serias secuelas y trastornos psicológicos. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 46 años, masculino, que acudió al cuerpo de guardia de Oftalmología del Hospital General Universitario Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima de Cienfuegos, refiriendo que al estar martillando hierro sobre hierro sintió que algo se le proyectó a nivel del ojo derecho. Presentaba dolor, lagrimeo, ojo rojo y visión algo borrosa. Se le diagnosticó una herida penetrante escleral con cuerpo extraño intraocular. Se procedió al estudio que contempló biomicroscopia, radiografía de órbita y ultrasonido ocular. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico mediante extracción extracapsular del cristalino con implante de lente intraocular mediante la técnica de Blumenthal y abordaje a nivel de pars plana para la extracción del cuerpo extraño intraocular.

The organ of vision is without any doubt among the most important ones in life for the interaction with our environment, being at the same time fragile and delicate. In this article we present a patient with a decrease in the vision of left eye due to ocular trauma. The existence of a foreign body in the anterior chamber was determined; it evolved during a year and remained asymptomatic. This kind of trauma is more frequent in males.