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In research academic computing, may be natural to emphasize data integrity over confidentiality. However, there are numerous categories of academic research that do have data confidentiality requirements, from research that is simply embargoed until a future publication date to research that contains industry-owned proprietary information or is subject to government regulation. The contents of this report are based on numerous community conversations with leaders in academic research IT, data librarians, computer science researchers, computer security professionals, and others with roles involving using or enabling the use of sensitive data in academic research. The report discusses challenges to conducting research on data that is in some way sensitive, and solutions that are being used or could be used to address those challenges and enable the research to take place. Those solutions include technical solutions as well as administrative and procedural issues. The report concludes with recommendations to campuses on issues to consider in order to enable research on sensitive data while ensuring security and privacy as well as usability and usefulness of the environment hosting that data.

Efficient charge generation is essential for tandem organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices. In this study, we introduce a p-type copper iodide (CuI) layer within the charge generation layer (CGL) that exhibits high charge generation efficiency in tandem OLED devices. Briefly, CuI is deposited as a thin layer via thermal evaporation technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals the formation of γ-CuI, and the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectral analysis demonstrates outstanding optical transparency (∼95%) of the deposited CuI films in the visible range. The current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) analyses show that the p-type CuI layer is a vital and excellent charge generator and enhances the current density significantly. The tandem OLED device fabricated using Bphen:Liq/CuI/HAT-CN as the CGL results in a substantial 1.9-fold increase in current efficiency compared to the single-unit OLED device, approaching the theoretical two-fold increase. These findings highlight the potential of CuI as a promising p-type material for CGL design in tandem OLED devices.

Efficient charge generation is essential for tandem organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices. In this study, we introduce a p-type copper iodide (CuI) layer within the charge generation layer (CGL) that exhibits high charge generation efficiency in tandem OLED devices. Briefly, CuI is deposited as a thin layer via thermal evaporation technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals the formation of γ-CuI, and the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectral analysis demonstrates outstanding optical transparency (∼95%) of the deposited CuI films in the visible range. The current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) analyses show that the p-type CuI layer is a vital and excellent charge generator and enhances the current density significantly. The tandem OLED device fabricated using Bphen:Liq/CuI/HAT-CN as the CGL results in a substantial 1.9-fold increase in current efficiency compared to the single-unit OLED device, approaching the theoretical two-fold increase. These findings highlight the potential of CuI as a promising p-type material for CGL design in tandem OLED devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semiconductor heterostructures are the core of various advanced electronic devices. Herein, the successful fabrication of CuI films has been reported using the thermal evaporation (TE) method. With the help of the TE technique, copper iodide (CuI) was grown over Si substrates to form CuI-based heterostructures. CuI has p-type semiconductor properties, which can be a potential candidate for future optoelectronic devices. The CuI/Si heterostructures have been fabricated at argon (Ar) gas flow rates of 25, 50, 75, and 100 sccm, respectively. The structural, compositional, morphological, electrical, and optical properties were investigated. According to x-ray diffraction (XRD) results, CuI films have exhibited a polycrystalline nature, having lattice parameters of a = b = c = 6.03 Å, with a prominent characteristic peak at 25.5° corresponding to the crystallite (111) plane. The FESEM and AFM results revealed that CuI films have granular surface morphology. The Hall effect measurement revealed the p-type nature of the grown CuI film, having a carrier concentration of ~ 1019 cm−3 for all four conditions of gas flow, and the highest mobility has been obtained to be 8.90 cm2 V−1 s−1. The I–V measurements have shown the rectifying nature of the CuI/Si heterojunctions and good response toward UV light illuminations. The PL spectroscopy indicated the intense blue emission bands (413 nm), whereas the band broadening appeared for the red region (726 nm), and the right shifting occurred for a lower Ar flow rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treatment of copper iodide with 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene in 1:1 equivalent ratio afforded centrosymmetric dimer product of composition [{Cu(µ-I)(dppf)}2] (1a). However, similar reactions of 1,1′-bis(diphenylchalcogenophosphoryl)ferrocene (dppfE2) (E = S, Se) with [Cu(CH3CN)4]+ in 1:2 equivalents yielded [{Cu(dppfS2)}n]+ (1b) and [{Cu2(dppfSe2)3}n]2+ (1c) compounds, respectively. These reported compounds have synthesized with slight modifications. All the mentioned complexes were characterized by Uv–Vis, IR, 1H, 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy and Mass spectrometry. The molecular structure of complex [{Cu(µ-I)(dppf)}2] was established through single crystal X-ray analysis, which suggests distorted tetrahedral geometry around the copper metal center. All the synthesized complexes were studied as a catalyst for synthesis of benzofuran derivatives under an environmentally friendly approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrochromic (EC) mechanisms of inorganic materials are usually based on reversible cation insertion/extraction or metal deposition/dissolution, which are plagued by ion trapping and dendrite growth, respectively. In this paper, a novel conversion-type electrochromic mechanism is proposed, by making good use of the CuI/Cu redox couple. This CuI-based electrochromic system shows a neutral color switching from transparent and dim grey. By simply increasing the bleaching voltage, I 3 − / I − redox couple can be further activated. The generated I 3 − will readily react with Cu, effectively improving the conversion reversibility and thereby rejuvenating the degraded electrochromic performance. Thanks to the well-designed electrode and the self-healing ability, this conversion electrochromic system achieves rapid response times (tcoloring: 23 s, tbleaching: 6 s), decant optical modulation amplitude (26.4%), high coloration efficiency (86.15 cm2·C−1), admirable cyclic durability (without performance degradation after 480 cycles) and excellent optical memory ability (transmittance variation < 1% after 10 h open-circuit storage). The establishment of this conversion-type electrochromism may inspire the exploration of novel electrochromic materials and devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photoluminescence (PL) of cuprous iodide (CuI) has drawn significant attention in the scientific community. In order to investigate the growth methods and environmental conditions on the fluorescence, we first prepared CuI via immersion of copper in hydroiodic acid. This method is beneficial for the growth of large grains (> 20 μm) with intensive red fluorescence emission at 708 nm. The fluorescence has a high quantum yield (34 %), and superior stability. Then we studied the fluorescence behaviors in water. We observed fluorescence quenching, which is due to the energy transfer. Additionally, we studied the effect of temperature on the fluorescence. We found that the fluorescence intensity increased initially then decreased as the temperature increased. The underlying mechanism was analyzed in terms of fluorescence quencher (water) removal and thermal quenching. By controlling heating, we successfully obtained intensive and pure red fluorescence. Finally, we explored the potential application of the red fluorescent of CuI in optical communication. The results demonstrate bit error rates within permissible range of forward error correction, highlighting the superior performance of CuI in optical communication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel finding that the electrochemical performance of the commercial lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12, LTO) can be significantly improved by using a novel current collector of CuI particles modified copper foil is reported for the first time in this work. Firstly, a large number of particles with well-defined shapes were prepared on the commercial copper foil surface via a very simple soaking process, in which the soaking solution contained only CuSO4, H2SO4 and [Bmim]I. As indicated by the XRD and XPS measurements, the particles observed on the surface of the copper foil were identified as CuI particles. That is, CuI particles modified copper foils (denoted as CuI/Cu) were successfully prepared at room temperature. CuI/Cu prepared in the presence of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 g of [Bmim]I were nominated as CF (copper foil) a, b and c, respectively. Inconceivably, as compared to the conventional LTO electrode, the LTO electrodes assembled using the newly prepared CFs exhibited a significantly improved electrochemical performance, i.e., all as-prepared CFs showed an evident promoting effect on the electrochemical performance of the traditional LTO electrodes. For instance, the initial discharge capacity (DC) of the LTO electrode assembled using CF b (called electrode b) at 0.2 C was 307 mAh g−1, which was about 1.86 times higher than that of the LTO electrode prepared using the conventional copper foil current collector (165 mAh g−1). Particularly, as the applied current rate was as high as 10 C, the DC value of electrode b (117 mAh g−1), even after 100 cycles, was still about 2.54 times that of the traditional LTO electrode (46 mAh g−1). In this preliminary work, a new method for preparing CuI particles was developed, along with a novel approach to significantly improve the electrochemical properties of the commercial LTO electrode. The method did not require any strong oxidants or reducing agents, nor did it demand any additional energy expenditure during the preparation of CuI particles. Moreover, the approach did not require any changes in the assembly procedure for the LTO electrodes being studied. This work was very meaningful for the development of the CuI-related research field as well as for the electrochemical performance improvement of LTO-based lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile chemical synthetic method was used to synthesize CuxO thin films on glass substrate via in-situ chemical reaction of CuI thin films in NaOH solution at ambient temperature. CuI thin films were produced by a low-cost plasma-assisted dissociation of the chemical vapor of CuI in acetonitrile (CH3CN) at a pressure of 60 Torr. The prepared CuxO thin films were annealed at various temperatures. The XRD studies unveiled the amorphous character of the CuxO thin films. The SEM images indicated that the surfaces of the films were smooth and smoothness depended on annealing temperature. The EDS studies revealed the presence of huge amounts of C and O with a little amount of Cu in the films which resulted due to the deposition of C produced through dissociation of CH3CN in plasma and O produced from chemical reaction in solution. The optical studies showed that transmittance of the CuxO thin films decreased from that of the CuI thin films and depended on the annealing temperatures. The bandgap of the CuxO thin films decreased with annealing temperature and was in the range of 2.30–2.98 eV. The CuxO thin films exhibited resistivity switching behavior in the first heating-cooling cycle and then the resistivity increased with temperature indicating the metallic behavior. These results are propitious for the application CuxO thin films in solar cells and memristor devices.

• CUI legislation does not consider cycling specificities and crash data. • CUI is a common practice, especially among young male cyclists. • 46 % of the respondents combine cycling with alcohol and 10 % with drugs. • Frequent alcohol and drug consumption lead to risk-taking behaviors and CUI. • Regular cyclists using shared bikes tend to CUI more. We explore several aspects of Cycling Under the Influence (CUI) of alcohol and other drugs. CUI remains a relatively under researched topic, even though evidence suggests that it is a rising safety risk as both cycling mileage and alcohol consumption are increasing. We present the results of a quantitative survey designed to (i) assess the amplitude of the problem among Parisians and (ii) identify precursors for bicycle accident involvement and CUI practices. Our research provides evidence proving that CUI is indeed a common practice among Parisian cyclists (F(alcohol) = 46 % and F(drugs) = 10 %). Cyclists declare to be aware of related risks, but rarely adapt their drinking/cycling behavior to avoid them, even when they have previous accident involvement record. Shared vehicles' users are more prone to CUI during night leisure outings when public transport is not available. Also, increased previous experience in cycling or in alcohol or drug consumption seems to make riders overconfident and therefore raise the probability of CUI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile preparation method for flexible p-type CuI/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanocomposite thermoelectric (TE) film is developed. First, CuI powder was synthesized by a one-pot method; second, PVP was coated in situ with the CuI powder; third, the CuI/PVP nanocomposite film was prepared on a nylon membrane by vacuum filtration and then hot-pressing. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation indicates that the film consists of CuI nanograins with an average size of ~15 nm and PVP distributed at the inner wall of nanopores and the surface of the CuI nanograins. The composite film shows a large Seebeck coefficient of ~605 µVK−1 and a power factor of ~8.05 µWm−1K−2 at 300 K. The nanocomposite film also exhibits excellent flexibility (~96% of initial electrical conductivity retention after being bent 1000 times along a 4 mm radius rod). A single-leg TE module outputs a voltage of ~3.6 mV when the temperature difference is 6 K. This work provides a fast, simple, and environmentally friendly method by which to prepare flexible CuI/PVP nanocomposite TE film with a large Seebeck coefficient, which could be used as a wearable sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High current carrying capacity and high conductivity are two important indicators for materials used in microscale electronics and inverters. However, it is challenging to obtain high conductivity and high current carrying capacity at the same time since high conductivity requires a weakly bonded system to provide free electrons, while high current carrying capacity requires a strongly bonded system. In this paper, CuI@SWCNT networks by filling the single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with CuI is ingeniously prepared. CuI@SWCNT shows good stability due to the confinement protection of SWCNTs. Through the host‐guest hybridization, CuI@SWCNT networks exhibit a current carrying capacity of 2.04 × 107 A cm−2 and a conductivity of 31.67 kS m−1. Their current carrying capacity and conductivity are significantly improved compared with SWCNT. The Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements show a drop of surface potential energy after SWCNT filled with CuI, indicating that the CuI guest molecules regulate the position of the Fermi level of SWCNTs, increasing carrier concentration, achieving high conductivity and high current carrying capacity. This study offers ideas and solutions for the regulation of high‐performance carbon tube networks, which hold great promise for future applications in carbon‐based electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new ferrocene based molecules S,S′‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)ferrocene‐1,1'‐bis(carbothioate) (I) and S,S′‐bis(3‐aminophenyl)ferrocene‐1,1'‐bis(carbothioate) (II) have been synthesized via a thioester linkage. The prepared compounds have been successfully applied as ligands for the CuI catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction. The ligands are highly effective for the Csp2−Csp coupling between alkyne and iodobenzene and bromobenzene. Corresponding 1,2‐disubstituted alkynes could be synthesized from both aryl and alkyl alkynes in high yield by using catalytic amount of CuI in presence of bis(3‐aminophenyl)ferrocene derivative in dioxane at 50 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyfluoroaromatic zinc compounds obtained from bromopolyfluoroarenes in diglyme react with oxalyl chloride in this solvent both in the presence and in the absence of CuI to give 1,2-bis(polyfluoroaryl)ethane-1,2-diones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In research academic computing, may be natural to emphasize data integrity over confidentiality. However, there are numerous categories of academic research that do have data confidentiality requirements, from research that is simply embargoed until a future publication date to research that contains industry-owned proprietary information or is subject to government regulation. The contents of this report are based on numerous community conversations with leaders in academic research IT, data librarians, computer science researchers, computer security professionals, and others with roles involving using or enabling the use of sensitive data in academic research. The report discusses challenges to conducting research on data that is in some way sensitive, and solutions that are being used or could be used to address those challenges and enable the research to take place. Those solutions include technical solutions as well as administrative and procedural issues. The report concludes with recommendations to campuses on issues to consider in order to enable research on sensitive data while ensuring security and privacy as well as usability and usefulness of the environment hosting that data.

Experiments indicate that a catalytic amount of CuI plays an important role in the siloxane-mediated Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with the direct use of organolithium reagents. Addition of organolithium to the siloxane transfer agent generates an organosilicon intermediate. DFT calculations indicate that CuI initially accelerates the Si-Pd(II) transmetalation of the organosilicon intermediate by the formation of CuI2 -. Subsequently, CuI2 - works as a shuttle between the Si-Cu(I) and Cu(I)-Pd(II) transmetalation processes.

A lack of evidence of accuracy for various testing modalities for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) reduces the efficiency of screening and delays the isolation of carriers. This study examined the performance of phenotypic detection of CRE in comparison to molecular testing. A cross-sectional study was conducted in an academic medical institution in Saudi Arabia on CRE-screened patients during a 36-month period (April 1, 2019, through March 31, 2022). Cases were followed up for their susceptibility status by the phenotypic gradient method and genotypes. Of 3,116 samples tested, 359 carbapenemase genes were detected in 297 strains (9.5%) belonging to 292 patients. Oxacilliniase-48 (OXA-48) was the most frequently detected genotype (n=190, 64%), followed by a combined New Delhi metallo-B-lactamase (NDM)/OXA-48 genotype (n=77, 25.9%). Variable missed isolation days were encountered for various genotypes (0-18.5 days), with an excellent clinical utility index obtained for screening the OXA-48 genotype phenotypically. The data provided some insights into the predictive role and shortcomings of the e-test alone in CRE screening. While it provided a reasonable approach in a CRE population dominated by OXA-48 genotypes, it was more likely to miss the NDM-incurred carbapenemase. Thus, local epidemiology in an institution must be considered when designing a local screening protocol in addition to consideration of cost and turnaround time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we have developed a new efficient flexible hydrophobic thermoelectric (TE) material with increased thermal stability and mechanical strength for green energy production. The 8 µm thick flexible nanocellulose (NC) substrate was obtained from stalks of common reed by TEMPO-mediated oxidation. It has a high crystallinity index of 88 % and the amount of coherent scattering of nanocrystals in the range from 2 to 3 nm. A CuI film with a thickness of 4.3 μm was deposited on the NC substrate by the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR), and thus a CuI/NC thin film thermoelectric material was obtained. The average size of the CuI coherent scattering regions is 25 nm. CuI nanocrystals contain dislocations (1.6x1015 lines/m²) and tensile microstrains of 6x10³ arb. units. The optical band gap Eg for direct allowed transitions in the CuI film is about 3.0 eV. The high hydrophobicity of the CuI/NC material is a useful feature for applications in humid environments. The CuI/NC material contains the same number of copper and iodine atoms. In addition, a small amount of sulfur (<1 at.%) is present in the copper iodide film, which increases the thermopower coefficient of CuI/NC to 6.7 μW/(m·K²) at T = 340 K. Its positive Seebeck coefficient S = 108 μV/K confirmed the p-type conductivity of CuI. The change in the resistivity upon initial heating and subsequent cooling demonstrated the electrical conductivity crossover typical of films of nanocrystalline degenerate semiconductor CuI. A CuI/NC sample in the form of a 3 cm x 1 cm strip was tested as a planar thin film TE element. The output power density of a CuI/NC TE element 0.123 W/m² was experimentally recorded at a difference between its hot and cold edges of 40 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) refers to external corrosion that appears between carbon steel piping or pressure vessels’ external surfaces underneath jacketed insulation. There are many factors affecting the CUI corrosion rate. The chance of CUI exhibits a higher value between 50ºC and 175ºC. Understanding the corrosion rate at critical temperatures is important in assessing insulation performance and preparing maintenance plans. It is challenging to predict the CUI rate in a real working pipeline. A laboratory simulation following ASTM G189-07 is a laboratory scale to study and provide an alternative method for determining CUI corrosion rate at a controllable working temperature. At 80ºC, the CUI corrosion rate is lower than the CUI rate at 75ºC. The result shows that the corrosion rate on the carbon steel pipeline is not perpendicular to temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The in-memory logic computing has been intensively studied as being considered as an important scenario to address the power-consumption issue posed by modern computers based on the von Neumann architecture. However, the realization of in-memory logic computing is generally based on memristors prepared by vacuum techniques and the implementation of logic operation requires multiple cycles of voltage pulses, which limits the computing efficiency. In addition, the logic architectures that cannot be mapped into large crossbar arrays restrict the level of parallelism. A CuI memristor is prepared by a solution-based process in this work. Based on the CuI memristor arrays, with delicately designed implement strategy, a set of logic operations can be implemented with one single cycle of voltage pulses, demonstrating the high efficiency. Moreover, all proposed logic architectures are able to be mapped to large memristor crossbar arrays directly, demonstrating the great potentials in computations with high degree of parallelism. Owing to the reconfigurable property, a one-bit full adder is realized by cascading the memristor-based logic gates.

The state-of-the-art thermoelectric technology owns a unique capability of direct, noise-free, and efficient conversion of waste heat into valuable electricity. The conventional thermoelectric generators are complex and expensive in fabrication, which restricts their use in wearable and miniaturized electronics to fulfill the current and rapid growth in demands for sufficient self-powered energy harvesters. Herein, this comprehensive review paper highlights the promising and next-generation thermoelectric generators based on flexible, transparent, abundant, non-toxic, and lightweight p-type Copper Iodide (CuI) thin films. It introduces the principles of energy conversion within thin-film thermoelectric generators and the structure of p–n junction including the criteria in the selection of substrates, p-type and n-type materials, connecting electrodes, and modules designed to sustain its mechanical flexibility and optical transparency. This review underlines the morphology and properties of CuI thin-film thermoelectric generators to figure out the latest trends in advanced synthesis and characterization techniques. It draws attention to its promising applications in wearable biosensing, energy harvesting, and smart miniaturized electronics. It discusses also the challenges and prospects in boosting the thermoelectric performance of CuI thin-film generators. This targeting to exceed the unity in its Figure-of-Merit (ZT) values for excellent output power generation, large-scale production for commercialization, and long-term stability for reliable thermoelectric applications.

Conversational User Interfaces (CUI) are widely used, with about 1.8 billion users worldwide in 2020. For designing and building CUI, dialogue designers have to decide on how the CUI communicates with users and what dialogue strategies to pursue (e.g. reactive vs. proactive). Dialogue strategies can be evaluated in user tests by comparing user perceptions and reactions to different dialogue strategies. Simulating CUI and running them online, for example on crowdsourcing websites, is an attractive avenue to collecting user perceptions and reactions, as they can be gathered time- and cost-effectively. However, developing and deploying a CUI on a crowd sourcing platform can be laborious and requires technical proficiency from researchers. We present Chatbot Language (CBL) as a framework to quickly develop and deploy CUI on crowd sourcing platforms, without requiring a technical background. CBL is a library with specialized CUI functionality, which is based on the high-level language JavaScript. In addition, CBL provides scripts that use the API of the crowd sourcing platform Mechanical Turk (MT) in order to (a) create MT Human Intelligence Tasks (HITs) and (b) retrieve the results of those HITs. We used CBL to run experiments on MT and present a sample workflow as well as an example experiment. CBL is freely available and we discuss how CBL can be used now and may be further developed in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel method was implored in dyeing of cotton fabric using combination of anthocyanin and copper iodide (CuI) nanoparticle. Natural pigments/dyes are derived from biological components like bacteria, fungi, and plant sources. Synthetic dyes are used in textiles leaving behind toxic effluents in the water system. Natural pigments can be employed in the textile industries to dye cotton fabric and other fabrics. Natural dyes are environmentally friendly and do not harm the environment as well as the ecosystem. Anthocyanin is a natural pigment extracted from plant sources. This study involves the extraction of anthocyanin from four plant sources, mordanted on cotton fabric. Maximum coloration was obtained using methanol containing 0.1% HCl as a solvent using Soxhlet extraction method. Pre-mordanting was done using 0.5% sodium carbonate and 2% triton-x in the ratio 1:40. While optimum post-mordanting involves heating of fabric in the diluted dye extract for 2 h at 85 °C. Dye in combination with CuI nanoparticles was also dyed on the cotton fabric effectively. The average size of synthesized CuI nanoparticle was found to be 552.45 nm and the average crystallite size was found to be 6.03 Å and 89.01 nm, respectively. Dye cotton fiber was characterized using SEM–EDS and FTIR and tested for color fastness and the results revealed the color fastness and the cotton fabric dyed with CuI eminent compared to the dye. Similarly, SEM–EDS and FTIR results showed predominant attachment of CuI and dye on the cotton fabric. CuI proved to have uniform spread of the dye on cotton fabric when compared to control. This study gave an insight into the efficient usage of CuI along with the dye which would be a promising tool in the textile industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a crucial issue in the industry. Its importance has been increasingly acknowledged because of the high cost and potential danger of causing severe losses. This review gives essential knowledge of CUI and summarizes the research from several aspects, including lab experiments, field tests, CUI prediction methods and numerical simulation research in porous materials. Insulation material, coating, substrate metallic material of the equipment, operating temperature and surroundings are some critical factors that should be considered in the CUI problem. Experimental research methods of CUI and mass transfer in insulation materials were summarized, as well as the applications of data science in CUI prediction. This review also focuses on simulation researches on heat and moisture transfer in porous insulation materials since numerical simulations are helpful for establishing validated models for CUI by modeling to describe the specific processes and predict environmental conditions of CUI for further corrosion research. Combined experimental and simulation work of CUI would be a practical and effective method for CUI research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ab Initio density functional theory (DFT) simulations have been employed to systematically explore the electronic, optical, elastic, mechanical and vibrational properties. In this study, we revealed that γ -CuI has a wide direct bandgap energy of 3.21 eV, is pure covalent and brittle. We also found that the core level is made up of I s electron orbitals, the valence band is constructed with I p orbitals, and the Cu s orbital states mainly contribute to the conduction band minimum (CBM). The reflectivity of CuI is reported to be low (35.9% for the light reflected), showing high material absorption. A high absorption coefficient of 2. 3 1 × 1 0 5 cm − 1 is also reported. The elastic and mechanical properties can further confirm the mechanical stability of the CuI system, derived from DFT-calculated elastic constants and phonon dispersion from density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CuI films can be prepared by the iodization of Cu metal films. In order to optimize the photoelectric properties of iodized CuI film, the CuI films were prepared with layer by layer iodization method, and then the CuI films were treated by post annealing and layer by layer annealing process. The structure, surface morphology and photoelectric properties of the samples by different annealing process were analyzed. The crystallinity of the CuI film is improved significantly after layer by layer annealing process. The surface density increases under the post annealing process, which can be ascribed to the movement of CuI grains along the two-dimensional plane. The transmittance of the CuI film increases to 80% ~ 90% after post annealing process, and the resistivity of the CuI film is optimized to 0. 034 Ω·cm after layer by layer annealing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic–inorganic hybrid copper(I)‐based halides have attracted great interest in the field of optoelectronics due to their low cost, non‐toxicity, large Stokes shift, and high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). Here, bulk zero‐dimensional (0D) organic‐inorganic hybrid copper(I)‐based (R,S‐2‐mpip)2Cu2I6 (mpip = methylpiperazinium, C5H14N22+) single crystals have been grown with equal stoichiometric ratios of R‐ and S‐2‐mpip ligands by chirality–racemization strategy for the first time. Interestingly, (R,S‐2‐mpip)2Cu2I6 single crystals exhibit strong blue–green photoluminescence (PL) located at 520 nm with large Stokes shift of about 230 nm and high PLQY of about 65.96%, which originates from self‐trapped excitons (STEs). More importantly, (R,S‐2‐mpip)2Cu2I6 single crystals also exhibit the strong radioluminescence (RL) at 520 nm, the fast X‐ray scintillation response with a light yield of about 47 000 photon MeV−1 and low detection limit of 6.48 nGyairs−1 when exposed to X‐ray irradiation condition, which is superior to that of other copper(I) iodide‐based hybrids. Based on the excellent characteristics, X‐ray imaging systems based on (R,S‐2‐mpip)2Cu2I6 single crystals exhibit the clear images of "QFNU" logo and crystal symbol pattern. This work not only deepens the understandings of material design and fundamental properties of these racemate systems, but also provides guidance for the further applications in the multi‐functional optoelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depuis la colonisation, les bibliothèques congolaises étaient subventionnées par l’administration publique coloniale jusqu’à la crise de la zaïrianisation de 1971, qui a eu comme conséquence la nationalisation des organismes, sociétés et entreprises. La coopération avec la Belgique cessa et une crise majeure survint dans le monde des bibliothèques qui, à plusieurs reprises, devinrent victimes des choix politiques et sociaux de l’Etat, sans réelle politique nationale. Avec le retour de la coopération en 2000, et sous des formes variées [Cui, Vlir, Universitc, Ctb (Enabel aujourd’hui)], certaines bibliothèques universitaires, à l’instar de celles de l’Unikin, de l’Unilu, avaient fait objet d’un choix d’appui par la coopération belge dans le cadre du renforcement des capacités et d’un partenariat visant à soutenir les efforts des universités vers un développement harmonieux. Elle compenserait ainsi l’absence des subventions de l’état et tenterait de combler leur retard dans beaucoup de domaines (technologique, structurel, recherche scientifique). Cependant, depuis cette reprise de la coopération belge en 2000, et malgré les nombreux dons et dotations en livres, en matériels informatiques, en crédits et autres fournitures, ces bibliothèques universitaires congolaises n’arrivent pas à répondre de manière satisfaisante aux besoins de leurs usagers. Elles n’évoluent pas, peinent à décoller et à s’imposer contrairement aux attentes placées en elles. D’autres parts, les usagers de ces universités eux-mêmes ont difficile à accéder aux sources d’informations dont ils ont besoin. On note de part en part, une sorte de léthargie, de résistance des bibliothèques à la modernisation et à l’évolution et d'autre part un écart entre l’offre et la demande réelle des usagers. La résolution de cette équation résiderait dans la mise en place d'une autre approche, une nouvelle médiation qui tienne compte des besoins réels des usagers ainsi que leur accompagnement dans le processus de recherche, pour une recherche vraiment efficace.

Amorphous Cu–Sn–I is a promising p‐type transparent semiconductor. Therefore, herein, composition and structure of sputtered Cu–Sn–I thin films with varying thickness and Sn content are investigated by different electron microscopy techniques, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy at the Cu, Sn, and I K‐edge. After exposure to air, the sputtered films are found to contain significant amounts of oxygen, leading to a complete phase separation of the resulting Cu–Sn–I–O films. Spatially‐resolved compositional analysis and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy reveal that one phase consists of crystalline γ‐CuI while the other phase is composed of amorphous Cu–Sn–O, most likely a mixture of SnO2 and Cu2O/CuO. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy confirms that the local structural environment of the Sn and I atoms is similar to that in amorphous SnO2 and crystalline CuI, respectively. In contrast, the X‐ray absorption near edge structure and the extended X‐ray absorption fine structure of the Cu K‐edge both demonstrate that Cu atoms are not only bonded to I but also to O atoms. The incorporation of oxygen into the sputtered films thus completely alters the material and therefore clearly needs to be inhibited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this protocol, we report a simple, inexpensive, and user-friendly conventional method for C-N cross coupling between aryl/heteroaryl halides and hetero aryl amines using copper iodide as a catalyst in DMSO as a solvent to prepare pyrimidines and pyrazines derivatives. The reaction conditions were optimized by screening in various copper catalysts and bases. The substrate scope of the reaction was also carried out to prepare novel functionalized N-arylated compounds in good yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relative constructions formed with il quale and cui in the UniverS-Ita corpus, which collects formal texts of university students who attended programs in different areas (Humanities, Economic Sciences, Healthcare, Engineering) during the 2020-2021 academic year. In our data, we found several deviations from standard Italian, such as the use of il quale to relativize subjects of restrictive relatives, the application of the double encoding strategy and the improper employ of the prepositions in oblique relativization. Beside shedding light on the diffusion of these phenomena in the corpus, the study investigates the possible factors determining them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phenols are prominent in organic reactions and highly significant biologically active substances. We report a versatile and sustainable CuI-catalyzed protocol for their synthesis through an oxidative ipso-functionalization (hydroxy deborylation) strategy of (hetero)arylboronic acids [(H)ABAs] using the water extract of pomegranate peel ash (WEPA) in open-air. They are formed at room temperature (RT). This process shows high significance toward the environmental sustainability over the reported procedures of ipso-hydroxylation of (H)ABAs. The application of a waste-derived biorenewable basic reaction medium, air as an oxidant, wide substrate scope, high functional group tolerance, reusability of the catalyst, ambient conditions, less expensive and safer catalyst with low loading, aqueous medium, avoidance of volatile organic solvents, and external oxidant, and tremendous further scope are the noteworthy features of this protocol.

Without interface passivation, few technologies have realized carbon material-based GaAs heterojunction solar cells (HJSCs) with high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability. Here, inorganic hole transport materials, such as CuSCN and CuI, were first created to address the issue of interface photo-generated carrier recombination in GaAs/carbon nanotube (CNT) HJSCs. The application of CuSCN and CuI passivation layer enables the PCE of GaAs/CNT HJSCs to be improved from 8.53 % to 17.22 % and 12.48 %, respectively. Furthermore, by employing the multifunctional WO 3 film, which can serve simultaneously as a hole-blocking layer and an anti-reflection coating, to construct a collaborative optimization system, the cell performance can be further enhanced to 19.06 % and 15.53 %, respectively. Additionally, their stability has been significantly enhanced to 98.11 % and 111.5 %, respectively, which are much higher than that of the pristine HJSC (8.53 %). Especially, the high quality of Cu+-based passivation layer affords a fill factor (FF) of 80.21 %, which is a record for GaAs-based HJSCs. This work is a breakthrough as it presents a pioneering cross-generational concept for addressing the poor stability performance of carbon materials-based HJSCs. [Display omitted] • CuSCN and CuI were first created to address the interface photo-generated carriers recombination in GaAs/CNT HJSC. • A record efficiency of 19.06 % for GaAs/CNT HJSC is obtained by applying CuSCN passivation layer and WO 3 antireflection layer. • GaAs/CNT HJSC with Cu+-based passivation layer shows an excellent stability for one month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Reversible color change between transparent and dark brown is achieved based on I0/CuI conversion. • This redox couple delivers a high charge storage capacity of 246.7 mA h g−1. • Bifunctional P10 binder is introduced to suppress polyiodide shuttle issue, besides improving structural stability. • A self-healing mechanism is further proposed by making good use of the CuI/Cu couple to rejuvenate performance. Constructing electrochromic devices (ECDs) requires high-performance electrochromic electrodes with not only high color contrasts, but also large charge storage capacities. In this paper, a I0/CuI conversion-type electrochromic system is developed, achieving reversible and profound color switching between colorless transparent and dark brown, while delivering a large charge storage capacity of 246.7 mA h g−1. To improve switching durability, a multifunctional P10 (Polyquaternium-10) binder is introduced into the electrode, which can effectively confine the polyiodide intermediates and suppress the shuttle effect. At the same time, the CuI/Cu redox couple is further activated by controlling the applied voltage. The generated Cu from this couple can spontaneously react with residual I0 species and facilitate the conversion from I0 to CuI, and therefore in-situ rejuvenate the degraded electrochromic performance. Thanks to these rational designs, this electrochromic electrode achieves rapid response speeds (t coloring : 14 s, t bleaching : 5 s), high optical modulation amplitude (73.4 % at 500 nm), decant coloration efficiency (57.0 cm2 C−1) and impressive cycle stability (without performance degradation after 150 cycles). This work provides a novel electrochromic system for the construction of high-performance electrochromic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photocatalyst film, composed of tetragonal BiOI nanosheets and cubic phase CuI nanoparticles, was synthesized on the FTO substrate by a simple electro-deposition method. The orderly crisscrossed nanosheet structure caused exterior hydrophobic property, resisting the excess H 2 O molecules and further inhibiting the competitive H 2 O reduction process. The novel BiOI/CuI catalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic ability of CO 2 reduction into CO with 100 % selectivity in H 2 O vapor. Typically, the optimal 150BiOI/CuI photocatalyst exhibited CO yield of 7237.65 μmol/cm2 after 11 h of simulated sunlight illumination, achieving quantum efficiency of 2.5 % at 380 nm. The excellent performance of the BiOI/CuI composite film in photocatalytic CO 2 reduction can be attributed to the construction of hydrophobic surface and S-scheme heterojunction with I 3 −/I− redox mediator, as confirmed by the in-situ XPS, hole injection test and cyclic voltammetry results. This study lays the groundwork for employing highly efficient iodide-based photocatalysts in gas-liquid-solid triphase catalytic systems. Variable valence I 3 −/I− ionic bridge CuI nanoparticle/BiOI nanosheet S-scheme photocatalyst with hydrophobic surface exhibited the efficient conversion from CO 2 to CO with 2.5 % apparent quantum efficiency at 380 nm light. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Effects of artificial weathering comprised of UV irradiation and salt spray tests, and simulated corrosion under insulation (CUI) condition on epoxy amine coating. • Effects of artificial weathering on the variation of surface responses of epoxy amine coating using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). • Identification of critical mass fragments and ageing conditions affecting surface reponses of epoxy amine coating through the incorporation of principal component analysis (PCA) for the analysis of ToF-SIMS results. • Determination of spectral changes and degradation mechanisms of epoxy amine coating post artificial weathering and simulated CUI conditions through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Epoxy amine coatings were subjected to hygrothermal ageing and accelerated weathering conditions that is comprised of neutral salt spray test and UV accelerated degradation condition. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to study the surface responses and spectral variation of epoxy amine coatings subjected to different ageing conditions. As a result, principal component analysis (PCA) of ToF-SIMS positive ion spectra illustrated that principal component 1 (PC1) has collected information on a variation of surface responses caused by accelerated weathering and hygrothermal ageing conditions as compared to fresh epoxy amine coatings. On the other hand, principal component 2 (PC2) has distinguished the different surface responses generated on epoxy amine coatings that were subjected to UV accelerated degradation conditions and those that were not. FTIR analysis has demonstrated the hydrolysis and photooxidation of epoxy amine coatings from the growth of two absorption bands at 1709 cm−1 and 1650 cm−1, indicating the formation of carbonyl-containing groups such as ketones, aldehydes, phenyl formates, imine or tertiary amides. This comprehensive analysis provides significant insights into the degradation mechanisms of epoxy amine coatings subjected to corrosion under insulation (CUI) and/or artificial weathering (AW) environment. Understanding these mechanisms is pivotal for industries reliant on epoxy coatings, such as oil and gas, ensuring enhanced performance and extended lifespan of their products under varying environmental conditions. The findings also contribute to the broader field of materials science by offering methodologies and analytical approaches that can be applied to other polymeric coatings and materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memristors are intensively studied as being regarded as the critical components to realize the in‐memory computing paradigm. A novel electrochemical metallization memristor based on solution‐processed Pt/CuI/Cu structure is proposed and demonstrated in this work, with a high resistance switching ratio of 1.53 × 107. Owing to the efficient drift paths provided by Cu vacancies for Cu cations in CuI, very small operating voltages (Vset = 0.64 V and Vreset = −0.19 V) are characterized, contributing to ultralow standby power consumption of 9 fW and per set transition of 8.73 µW. Using CuI memristor arrays, a set of Boolean logic operations and a half‐adder are implemented. Moreover, by building the model for a 75 × 48 one‐transistor‐one‐memristor array, the feasibility of hardware encryption and decryption for images is verified. All these demonstrate that solution‐processed CuI memristors possess great potential in constructing energy‐efficient logic‐in‐memory computing architectures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study we have demonstrated the effectiveness of ultrasound, a source of green energy, in accessing various isoquinolin‐1(2H)‐one derivatives via the sequential two‐step reaction in a single pot. The methodology involved ultrasound assisted Cu‐catalyzed α‐arylation of ketones with 2‐iodobenzamide (via a C−C bond formation) followed by intramolecular cyclization (via the C−N bond formation) in the same pot. The role of ultrasound, catalyst, base and solvent in the current transformation was evaluated and the generality as well as scope of the methodology was examined via synthesizing a variety of compounds in acceptable to good (49–93 %) yields. The application potential of the methodology was demonstrated further via synthesizing a reported bioactive arylisoquinolinamine derivative of medicinal significance. Further, the encouraging inhibition of TNF‐α in vitro (>50 % at 10 μM) was shown by some of the synthesized compounds e. g. 3 j, 3 m and 3 p. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microwave irradiated C–S cross-coupling reaction to synthesize 5-aryllthiobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole derivatives from a variety of benzene thiols with 5-bromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, catalyzed by Cu(I) iodide and potassium carbonate as a cost-effective base in DMF, was conducted, affording excellent yields of the desired products. Microwave conditions assisted in the development of C–S cross-coupling reaction with higher yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microorganisms cause variety of diseases that constitutes a severe threat to mankind. Due to the upsurge of many infectious diseases, there is a high requirement and demand for the development of safety products finished with antimicrobial properties. The study involves the antimicrobial activity of natural cotton coated with copper iodide capped with Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flower extract (CuI-FE) which is rich in anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-sophoroside by ultrasonication method. The coated and uncoated cotton fabric was characterised through XRD, SEM, AFM, tensile strength and UV–Visible spectroscopic techniques. XRD confirmed the formation of CuI particles, SEM showed that CuI-FE was prismatic in shape. The average size of CuI-FE particles was found to be 552.45 nm. Anti-bacterial studies showed copper iodide particles to be a potent antimicrobial agent. AFM images confirmed the rupture of bacterial cell walls in the presence of prismatic CuI-FE. In-vitro cytotoxicity investigation of CuI-FE was performed against cancer and spleen cell lines to evaluate the cell viability. Cytotoxicity analysis revealed the IC50 value of 233.93 μg/mL in the presence of CuI-FE. Molecular docking study was also carried out to understand the interaction of CuI-FE with COVID-19 main protease. This paper has given an insight on the usage of CuI-FE coated on the cotton fabric that has proved to have strong inhibition against the nano ranged bacterial, cancerous cell line and a strong interaction with the COVID-19 protease. Such eco-friendly material will provide a safe environment even after the disposable of medical waste from the infectious diseases like influenza and current pandemic like COVID-19.

Solution-processed scintillators hold great promise in fabrication of low-cost X-ray detectors. However, state of the art of these scintillators is still challenging in their environmental toxicity and instability. In this study, we develop a class of tetradecagonal CuI microcrystals as highly stable, eco-friendly, and low-cost scintillators that exhibit intense radioluminescence under X-ray irradiation. The red broadband emission is attributed to the recombination of self-trapped excitons in CuI microcrystals. We demonstrate the incorporation of such CuI microscintillator into a flexible polymer to fabricate an X-ray detector for high-resolution imaging with a spatial resolution up to 20 line pairs per millimeter (lp mm−1), which enables sharp image effects by attaching the flexible imaging detectors onto curved object surfaces.

This study focuses on fabricating efficient CdS/CdTe thin-film solar cells with thermally evaporated cuprous iodide (CuI) as hole-transporting material (HTM) by replacing Cu back contact in conventional CdS/CdTe solar cells to avoid Cu diffusion. In this study, a simple thermal evaporation method was used for the CuI deposition. The current-voltage characteristic of devices with CuI films of thickness 5 nm to 30 nm was examined under illuminations of 100 mW/cm2 (1 sun) with an Air Mass (AM) of 1.5 filter. A CdS/CdTe solar cell device with thermally evaporated CuI/Au showed power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.92% with JSC, VOC, and FF of 21.98 mA/cm2, 0.64 V, and 0.49 under optimized fabrication conditions. Moreover, stability studies show that fabricated CdS/CdTe thin-film solar cells with CuI hole-transporters have better stability than CdS/CdTe thin-film solar cells with Cu/Au back contacts. The significant increase in FF and, hence, PCE, and the stability of CdS/CdTe solar cells with CuI, reveals that Cu diffusion could be avoided by replacing Cu with CuI, which provides good band alignment with CdTe, as confirmed by XPS. Such an electronic band structure alignment allows smooth hole transport from CdTe to CuI, which acts as an electron reflector. Hence, CuI is a promising alternative stable hole-transporter for CdS/CdTe thin-film solar cells that increases the PCE and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]