Search

A checklist is presented of all 986 extant species of Diptera known from the archipelago of the Maltese Islands situated in the central Mediterranean. Species considered to be alien to the Islands are listed with annotations in Appendix 1. The history of dipterology applicable to the islands is outlined and the three important historical published records by Zetterstedt, Rondani and Bezzi & de Stefani-Perez are listed in Appendices 2–4. Species names that are synonyms are indicated where these were used in published records for Malta more or less after the Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera was published. Species we consider to have been misidentifications are also indicated with an annotation in most cases. Vermileo immaculatus Carles-Tolrá syn. n. & Cuesta-Segura and Vermileo balearicus Wheeler syn. n. are proposed junior synonyms of Vermileo vermileo (Linnaeus).

Cryptochetidae This small family of acalyptrate flies contains 34 predominantly tropical species, all but one belonging to the genus Cryptochetus Rondani, 1875 (Marshall 2012, Evenhuis & Pape 2020). There are no endemic Nearctic or Neotropical species. Rondani (1875b) described one Palaearctic species, considered as valid (Nartshuk 1984 a, Canzoneri et al. 1995) in his “ Stirps Agromyzinae ”. The family Cryptochetidae was proposed by Brues & Melander (1932). The type material has presumably been lost., Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 99, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621, {"references":["Marshall, S. A. (2012) Flies. The natural history and diversity of Diptera. Firefly Books, Richmond Hill, 616 pp.","Evenhuis, N. L. & Pape, T. (2020) Systema Dipterorum. Version 2. 7. Available from: http: // www. diptera. org / (accessed 30 August 2020)","Rondani, C. (1875 b) Species italicae ordinis dipterorum (Muscaria Rndn.) collectae et observatae. Stirps XXIII Agromyzinae. Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 7 (3), 166 - 191.","Nartshuk, E. P. (1984 a) Family Cryptochetidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 10. Clusiidae - Chloropidae. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam & Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 67 - 68.","Belcari, A., Daccordi, M., Kozanek, M., Munari, L., Raspi, A. & Rivosecchi, L. (1995 a) Diptera Platypezoidea, Syrphoidea. In: Minelli, A., Ruffo, S. & La Posta, S. (Eds.), Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. 70. Calderini, Bologna, pp. 1 - 25.","Brues, C. T. & Melander, A. L. (1932) Classification of insects. A key to the known families of insects and other terrestrial arthropods. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 73, 1 - 672."]}

Microstylium vestitum Rondani, 1875 ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1875c: 447. TYPE LOCALITY: “ Insula Bonae Fortunae (Borneo), Provincia Sarawak [Bona Fortuna Island, Sarawak Province, Borneo]” (Rondani 1875c: 421). TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♂, holotype (MSNG): Borneo, Sarawak, 1865/1866, Coll. Doria / Typus / vestitum Rond. / Microstylium vestitum n° 46. CURRENT STATUS: valid species (Oldroyd 1975: 122). REMARKS: Rondani (1875c: 447) described Microstylium vestitum from just the male sex, without specifying the exact number of specimens and not giving a range of lengths, from material collected by G. Doria and O. Beccari. Guiglia (1957: 193) and Raineri & Rey (1996: 30) reported the holotype (♂) in the MSNG., Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621, {"references":["Rondani, C. (1875 c) Muscaria exotica Musei Civici Januensis observata et distincta. Fragmentum III. Species in Insula Bonae Fortunae (Borneo), Provincia Sarawak, annis 1865 - 68, lectae a March. J. Doria et Doct. O. Beccari. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 7, 421 - 464.","Oldroyd, H. (1975) Family Asilidae. In: Delfinado, M. D. & Hardy, D. E. (Eds.), A catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental Region. Volume II. Suborder Brachycera through Division Aschiza, Suborder Cyclorrhapha. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 99 - 156.","Guiglia, D. (1957) I tipi di ditteri di Camillo Rondani e di altri autori appartenenti alle collezioni del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genov a, 69, 193 - 207.","Raineri, V. & Rey, A. (1996). Elenco di tipi di ditteri conservati nel Museo Civico di Storia Naturale \" G. Doria \" di Genova. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale \" Giacomo Doria \", 91, 27 - 64."]}

The genus Cryptochetum Rondani is recorded from Vietnam for the first time with three species described and figured as new to science: C. dicranumsp. nov., C. equitanumsp. nov., and C. proceripalpissp. nov. A key to the species of the genus from Vietnam is presented.

Yin, Xinming (2020): Three new Cryptochetum Rondani, 1875 (Diptera: Cryptochetidae) from Yunnan Province, China and an identification key to Chinese species. European Journal of Taxonomy 605: 1-15, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.605

Cryptochetum longilingum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F512F49C-833B-4D78-9EA0-05C0C8B831B0 Figs 15���21 Diagnosis Ocellar triangle approximately in isosceles triangle, apical angle shorter than the distance between antennae. Surstylus slightly narrowed and blunt apically. Etymology The species epithet refers to the long proboscis. Type material Holotype CHINA ��� ♂; Yunnan, Zhongdian, hongshan; 27��48���36��� N, 99��42���36��� E; alt. 3260 m; 12 Jun. 2012; Yu-Y. Wang leg.; EMHAU CR154. Paratypes CHINA: 2 ♂♂; Yunnan, Mangshi, Zhefang; 24��15���36��� N, 98��15���29��� E; alt. 1200 m; 4 Jul. 2014; Wei Zhang leg.; EMHAU DICR0096. Description MALE. Body length: 2.4���2.5 mm; wing length: 2.6���2.7 mm. HEAD. Black (Fig. 15); ocellar triangle shiny black with metallic luster (Fig. 16), approximately in isosceles triangle, apex slightly flat; lunule strap-shaped, very narrow, sooty black. Eye darkish red, bare, 1.9 �� as high as long, gena approximately 1/ 9 of eye height. Setae and setulae on head black; ocelli darkish yellow, placed close together. Ocellar triangle with short setulae, punctures at bases of setulae conspicuous; frons without setae, orbital setae lacking; postvertical setae erect, considerably stouter and longer than other setulae on vertex. Antenna darkish brown with microtomentum, large, shorter than face; scape and pedicel with black setulae at middle and margin; postpedicel with pubescence, irregularly rectangular, front margin straight, apical margin obtuse, 0.6 mm long, 0.3 mm wide, apical angle with stout conical tubercle, nearly as long as surrounding setulae. Proboscis flat and long, brownish yellow, with short sparse black setulae, labellum slightly wide. Palpus short, apically enlarged and rounded, dark brown with short dense black pubescence, margin with short sparse setulae. THORAX. Shiny, blackish brown with metallic blue-green luster; scutellum shiny, blackish brown. Setae and setulae on thorax black, punctures at bases of setulae deep and numerous; scutellum large, approximately triangular, wide and rounded apically, 0.6 �� as long as thorax. Apical setae longer and stouter than other setae. Anepisternum darkish brown with setulae; katepisternum and anepimeron brown, bare. Legs slender, blackish brown except tarsi darkish yellow. Setae and setulae on legs black. Wing hyaline with greenish and purplish reflections, unspotted, slightly 1.5 �� as long as wide; veins brown; costal vein (C) extending to end of R 4+5 and terminating before apex of wing; subcostal vein (Sc) weak, slightly angulated; R 1 curved, not angulated, R 2+3 and R 4+5 parallel for 4/ 5 along their lengths, then diverging to wing margin; r-m short; M 1 between r-m and dm-m 1.5 �� as long as dm-m, dm-m slightly sinuous, forming an angle nearly at 90�� with M 4, distal portion of M 4 (the part beyond dm-m) 1.5 �� as long as dm-m (Fig. 17). Calypter brownish, with brownish microtrichae, margin with brownish setulae. Knob of haltere darkish yellow, stalk brownish. ABDOMEN. Brownish black with a metallic blue-green luster, wide and slightly flattened. Setae and setulae on abdomen black. Male terminalia: epandrium (Figs 18���19) slightly wide dorsally, broadest in middle, with setulae; surstylus slightly narrowed and blunt apically; cercus rather narrow, with dense setulae. Hypandrium (Figs 20���21) n-shaped; gonopods small and symmetric; phallus slender, distipallus slightly enlarged. Female Unknown. Distribution China (Yunnan). Remarks This new species is somewhat similar to C. sinicum Yang & Yang, but may be separated from it by M 1 between r-m and dm-m 1.2 �� as long as dm-m, ocellar triangle approximately in isosceles triangle. In C. sinicum, M 1 between r-m and dm-m 1.7 �� as long as dm-m, ocellar triangle approximately in equilateral triangle (Yang & Yang 1996)., Published as part of Yin, Xinming, 2020, Three new Cryptochetum Rondani, 1875 (Diptera: Cryptochetidae) from Yunnan Province, China and an identification key to Chinese species, pp. 1-15 in European Journal of Taxonomy 605 on pages 9-11, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.605, http://zenodo.org/record/3668822, {"references":["Yang C. K. & Yang C. Q. 1996. Cryptochetidae. In: Xue W. Q. & Chao C. M. (eds) Flies of China. Vol. 1: 224 - 233. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang."]}

Three species of the genus Cryptochetum Rondani, 1875 from China are described and figured as new to science: C. euthyiproboscise sp. nov., C. glochidiatusum sp. nov., and C. longilingum sp. nov. An identification key to the known species of Cryptochetum from China is presented. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Henan Agricultural University.

Cryptochetum euthyiproboscise sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0DD2BF7C-1EC1-48FD-AF31-5D3883B239CE Figs 1���7 Diagnosis Ocellar triangle approximately in isosceles triangle, apical angle shorter than the distance between antennae. Surstylus slightly narrowed and sharp apically. Etymology The species epithet refers to the straight palpus. Type material Holotype CHINA ��� ♂; Yunnan, Tengchong, Zizhi; 25��44���24��� N, 98��33���36��� E; alt. 2100 m; 31 May 2007; Yan-L. Li leg.; EMHAU CR101. Paratypes CHINA: 2 ♂♂, Yunnan, Mangshi, Zhefang; 24��15���36��� N, 98��15���29��� E; alt. 1200 m; 4 Jul. 2014; Wei Zhang leg.; EMHAU DICR0013. Description MALE. Body length: 2.2���2.4 mm; wing length: 2.6���2.8 mm. HEAD. Darkish brown (Fig. 1); ocellar triangle shiny brown with metallic luster (Fig. 2), approximately in isosceles triangle, apex slightly flat; lunule strap-shaped, very narrow, brown. Eye red, bare, 1.8 �� as high as long, gena approximately ⅛ of eye height. Setae and setulae on head black; ocelli darkish yellow, placed close together. Ocellar triangle with short setulae, punctures at bases of setulae conspicuous; frons without setae, orbital setae lacking; postvertical setae erect, considerably stouter and longer than other setulae on vertex. Antenna brown with microtomentum, large, same length as face; scape and pedicel with black setulae at middle and margin; postpedicel with pubescence, irregularly rectangular, front margin straight, apical margin curved, 0.5 mm long, 0.2 mm wide, apical angle with stout conical tubercle, a little longer than surrounding setulae. Proboscis flat and straight, brown, with short sparse black setulae, labellum slightly wide. Palpus short, ca 0.2 mm long, apically rounded, darkish brown with short dense black pubescence, margin with short sparse setulae. THORAX. Shiny, darkish brown with brownish stripes and metallic blue-green luster; scutellum shiny, blackish brown. Setae and setulae on thorax black, punctures at bases of setulae deep and numerous; scutellum large, approximately triangular, wide and rounded apically, 0.5 �� as long as thorax. Apical setae longer and stouter than other setae. Anepisternum brown with setulae, katepisterunum and anepimeron brownish, bare. Legs slender, blackish brown except tarsi yellowish. Setae and setulae on legs black. Wing hyaline with greenish and purplish reflections, unspotted, 2.3 �� as long as wide; veins brown; costal vein (C) extending to end of R 4+5 and terminating at apex of wing; subcostal vein (Sc) weak, slightly angulated; R 1 curved, not angulated, R 2+3 and R 4+5 parallel for 4/ 5 along their lengths, then diverging to wing margin; r-m short; M 1 between r-m and dm-m 1.5 �� as long as dm-m, dm-m slightly sinuous, forming an angle nearly at 90�� with M 4, distal portion of M 4 (the part beyond dm-m) 1.9 �� as long as dm-m (Fig. 3). Calypter brownish, with brownish microtrichae, margin with brownish setulae. Knob of haltere dark brown, stalk brown. ABDOMEN. Brownish black with a metallic blue-green luster, wide and slightly flattened. Setae and setulae on abdomen black. Male terminalia: epandrium (Figs 4���5) reduced to thick band dorsally, with sides broadest in middle, with setulae; surstylus slightly narrowed and sharp apically; cercus rather large, with dense setulae. Hypandrium (Figs 6���7) n-shaped; gonopods small and symmetric; phallus slender, distipallus slightly wide. Female Unknown. Distribution China (Yunnan). Remarks This new species is somewhat similar to C. kunmingense Yang & Yang, 1996, but may be separated from it by M 1 between r-m and dm-m 1.6 �� as long as dm-m; distal potion of M 4 (the part beyond dm-m) 1.9 �� as long as dm-m. In C. kunmingense, M 1 between r-m and dm-m 1.2 �� as long as dm-m; distal potion of M 4 (the part beyond dm-m) 1.4 �� as long as dm-m (Yang & Yang 1996)., Published as part of Yin, Xinming, 2020, Three new Cryptochetum Rondani, 1875 (Diptera: Cryptochetidae) from Yunnan Province, China and an identification key to Chinese species, pp. 1-15 in European Journal of Taxonomy 605 on pages 4-6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.605, http://zenodo.org/record/3668822, {"references":["Yang C. K. & Yang C. Q. 1996. Cryptochetidae. In: Xue W. Q. & Chao C. M. (eds) Flies of China. Vol. 1: 224 - 233. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang."]}

Key to species of Cryptochetum Rondani, 1875 1. Ocellar triangle small, separated from antennal base; costal vein (C) extending to vein M 1........... 2 ��� Ocellar triangle large, reaching antennal base; costal vein (C) extending to vein R 4+5 or slightly beyond apex of wing......................................................................................................................... 3 2. Wing crossvein dm-m curved inward (Fig. 22).............................. C. curvatum Yang & Yang, 1996 ��� Wing crossvein dm-m perpendicular (Fig. 23)................................ C. deltatum Yang & Yang, 1996 3. Wing vein R 4+5 terminating at apex of wing..................................................................................... 4 ��� Wing vein R 4+5 terminating before apex of wing, located between R 4+5 and M 1.............................. 9 4. Wing vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossveins as long as dm-m crossvein (Fig. 24)...................................................................................... C. tianmuense Yang & Yang, 2001 ��� Wing vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossveins longer than dm-m crossvein.............................. 5 5. Wing vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossveins 2.0 �� as long as dm-m crossvein (Fig. 25).......................................................................................... C. acutulum Yang & Yang, 1996 ��� Wing vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossveins C. glochidiatusum sp. nov. ��� Wing vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossveins 1.5 �� as long as dm-m crossvein....................... 7 7. Antennal postpedicel slightly acute apically (Fig. 26).................. C. zalatilabium Xi & Yang, 2015 ��� Antennal postpedicel slightly blunt apically..................................................................................... 8 8. Knob of haltere dark brown; distal portion of M 4 (part beyond crossvein dm-m) 2.0 �� as long as dm-m crossvein (Fig. 3)......................................................................... C. euthyiproboscise sp. nov. ��� Knob of haltere dark yellow; distal portion of wing vein M 4 (part beyond crossvein dm-m) 1.5 �� as long as dm-m crossvein (Fig. 17)................................................................. C. longilingum sp. nov. 9. Costal wing vein (C) extending beyond end of vein R 4+5; vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossveins virtually as long as dm-m crossvein (Fig. 27)......................... C. kunmingense Yang & Yang, 1996 ��� Costal wing vein (C) extending to end of vein R 4+5; vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossveins shorter than dm-m crossvein........................................................................................................... 10 10. Apex of wing situated medially between veins R 4+5 and M 1...........................................................11 ��� Apex of wing closer to vein R 4+5 than to vein M 1........................................................................... 13 11. Wing vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossvein as long as vein M 4 (part beyond dm-m crossvein) (Fig. 28)................................................................................ C. fanjingshanum Yang & Yang, 1988 ��� Wing vein M 1 between r-m and dm-m crossvein shorter than vein M 4 (part beyond dm-m crossvein)........................................................................................................................................ 12 12. Distal portion of wing vein M 4 (part beyond dm-m crossvein) 1.7 �� as long as dm-m crossvein; dm-m crossvein virtually straight (Fig. 29).................................. C. maolanum Yang & Yang, 1996 ��� Distal portion of wing vein M 4 (part beyond dm-m crossvein) 3.0 �� as long as dm-m crossvein; dm-m crossvein slightly curved (Fig. 30)...................................... C. shaanxiense Xi & Yang, 2015 13. Mid section of dm-m crossvein appreciably curved....................................................................... 14 ��� Mid section of dm- m crossvein perpendicular.............................................................................. 15 14. Antennal postpedicel wide and flat, margin inclined apically (Fig. 31)........................................................................................................................................................ C. yunnanum Xi & Yang, 2015 ��� Antennal postpedicel slightly narrow and short, margin blunt and rounded apically (Fig. 32)............................................................................. C. nonagintaseptem Yang & Yang, 1998 15. Ocellar triangle approximately in equilateral triangle.................................................................... 16 ��� Ocellar triangle approximately in obtuse triangle.......................................................................... 17 16. Apex angle of ocellar triangle slightly wider than distance between antennae; body slightly smaller (body length 1.5 mm) (Fig. 33).................................................... C. medianum Yang & Yang, 1998 ��� Apex angle of ocellar triangle slightly narrower than distance between antennae; body slightly larger (body length 3.5 mm) (Fig. 34)........................................................ C. sinicum Yang & Yang, 1996 17. Apical angle of ocellar triangle slightly wider than distance between antennae; antennal postpedicel acute apically (Fig. 35)........................................................... C. acuticornutum Yang & Yang, 1998 ��� Apical angle of ocellar triangle nearly equal to distance between antennae; antennal postpedicel with apical margin inclined inward (Fig. 36)....................................... C. beijingense Yang & Yang, 1996, Published as part of Yin, Xinming, 2020, Three new Cryptochetum Rondani, 1875 (Diptera: Cryptochetidae) from Yunnan Province, China and an identification key to Chinese species, pp. 1-15 in European Journal of Taxonomy 605 on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.605, http://zenodo.org/record/3668822, {"references":["Rondani C. 1875. Species italicae ordinis Dipterorum (Muscaria Rndn.) collectae et observatae a prof. Camillo Rondani. Bolletino della Societ a italiano 7: 166 - 191.","Yang C. K. & Yang C. Q. 1996. Cryptochetidae. In: Xue W. Q. & Chao C. M. (eds) Flies of China. Vol. 1: 224 - 233. Liaoning Science and Technology Press, Shenyang.","Yang C. K. & Yang C. Q. 2001. Diptera: Cryptochaetidae. In: Wu H. & Pan C. W. (eds) Insects of Tianmushan National Nature Reserve: 502 - 503. Science Press, Beijing.","Xi Y. Q. & Yang D. 2015. Three new species of Cryptochetum Rondani from China (Diptera, Cryptochetidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 141: 80 - 89. https: // doi. org / 10.3157 / 061.141.0108","Yang C. K. & Yang C. Q. 1998 a. Diptera: Cryptochaetidae. In: Wu H. (ed.) Insects of Longwangshan: 326 - 327. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing."]}

Kubik, Stepan/0000-0002-8414-5500 WOS: 000419716400013 The first record of the family Cryptochetidae is given from Turkey. Cryptochetum grandicorne and C. jorgepastori were found in Turkey. Four original figures are presented. MSMT (Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth, Czech Republic) This paper was supported by an S grant of MSMT (Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth, Czech Republic). We are grateful to Dr Ashley Kirk-Spriggs (South Africa) for advice and information on Cryptochetidae and for sending us the unpublished MS for the Afrotropical Manual. Our thanks are extended to Mr Zoltan Soltesz (Hungarian Natural History Museum) for editing figures. We are grateful to the two reviewers for their considerable help and advice.

The following three species of the genus Cryptochetum Rondani from China are described as new to science: Cryptochetum shaanxiense sp. nov., Cryptochetum yunnanum sp. nov., and Cryptochetum zalatilabium sp. nov. A key to the known species of Cryptochetum from China is presented.

The acalypterate family Inbiomyiidae fam.n. (Diptera, Carnoidea) is described for the newly discovered Neotropical genus Inbiomyiagen.n. with its type species I. mcalpineorumsp.n. from Costa Rica. The genus ranges from Guatemala south to French Guiana and Bolivia and includes a total of fourteen undescribed species, ten of which will be described formally in a separate paper. Inbiomyia is distinctive, with characteristic, extremely shortened head with nonfunctional ptilinum and reduced chaetotaxy, shortened first flagellomere with very elongate, dorsoapically inserted arista, proboscis with largely separate labellar lobes that point in different directions, mid tibia lacking apicoventral bristle, unusual fusion of male sternites 5–7, reduced male sternite 8, elongate surstyluslike ventral epandrial lobes, cerci absent in both sexes, extremely truncate female genitalia, and large, extremely flattened eggs. The larva of Inbiomyia and its biology are unknown. Inbiomyia occurs mostly in primary lowland rain forest and often is associated with the decaying foliage of fallen trees. Inbiomyiidae belong in the superfamily Carnoidea. The previously doubtful monophyly of the Carnoidea is accepted tentatively on the basis of newly established synapomorphies of the male genitalia. Family level relationships of the Carnoidea are analysed quantitatively for the first time based on a matrix of fifty-eight morphological characters. The putative sister group relationship of Inbiomyiidae to the monotypic Australasian family Australimyzidae is supported by several synapomorphies, mostly from the male and female postabdomen. Family status for the Australimyzidae is confirmed, rejecting previous claims of a sister group relationship (or synonymy) with the Carnidae. The analysis also leads to revised hypotheses of the relationships of Cryptochetidae and Acartophthalmidae, and the paraphyly of ‘Tethinidae’ with regard to Canacidae, suspected by previous authors, is confirmed.