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HBV remains a public health concern. Blood donors screened for HBsAg along with AST/ALT could play a key in providing safe blood products. We investigated the features related to HBV infection among rejected blood donors in Luanda, Angola. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 164 rejected donors. Donors were screened for HBsAg from March to May 2022. Overall, 63.4% tested positive for HBV. Mean age of the HBV-positive (29.2±8.02) was lower than the HBV-negative (33.9±10.0) (p

Funding Information: Thanks to the research team of INIS/CISA (Joana Sebastião, Joltim Quivinja, Joana Paixão, António Mateus, and Zinga David), Instituto Nacional de Sangue (Eunice Manico, Alberto Sozinho, and Deodete Machado), and Clínica Girassol (Alice Teixeira, Domingos Alfredo, and Ngueza Loureiro) for the data collection, technical/administrative support, and testing. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Background and Aims: Hypertension is a public health concern, mainly in resource-limited countries. We investigated the characteristics and risk factors related to high blood pressure in healthy blood donors from, Luanda, the capital city of Angola. Methods: This was a retrospective study that included 343 healthy donors from December 2019 to September 2020. Results: The mean age was 32 ± 9 years. Men represented 93% of the population. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 131 ± 12.3 mmHg (ranging from 100 to 160 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 80.1 ± 9.72 mmHg (from 56.0 to 100 mmHg). DBP was related to age and gender (p < 0.05). About 7.3% of the donors had high-pressure (>140/90 mmHg). Age between 20 and 40 years (odds ratio [OR]: 2.52, p = 0.043), women (OR: 1.87, p = 0.548), nonurbanized areas (OR: 0.39, p = 0.067), high educational level (OR: 0.76, p = 0.637), employed (OR: 0.49, p = 0.491), voluntary donors (OR: 0.87, p = 0.799), blood group B (OR: 2.06, p = 0.346), and Rh- (OR: 0.26, p = 0.104), were potentially related with high-pressure. The high-pressure cases increased from December 2019 (4%) to September 2020 (28%) (p = 0.019). Conclusion: We showed high pressure among the healthy blood donors population. Demographic characteristics, ABO/Rh blood group, and year period are features that should be considered in cardiovascular disease control strategies. Biological and nonbiological features related to blood pressure changes should be considered for further studies in the Angolan population. publishersversion published

Introduction: Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae is one of the oldest infectious diseases in human history and its eradication is linked to poverty control, lack of basic sanitation, the fragility of health, and education services. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of blood groups (ABO/Rh) and the sociodemographic and clinical profile of Angolan patients with Leprosy treated at the Anti-Tuberculosis and Leprosy Dispensary in Luanda, the capital city of Angola. Methodology: A descriptive, introspective, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was carried out with 102 patients of Luanda, in the second half of 2021. Results: Of the 102 patients included in the study, the majority belonged to the ORh+ group (51.9%), followed by the BRh+ group (27.4%) and ARh+ (18.6%), most were under 51 years of age ( 87.3%), with low education (54.9%), coming from urban areas (44.1%). As for clinical conditions, most had a multibacillary infection (93.1%), diagnosed mainly by smear microscopy (75.5%) without other infection (79.4%), some of them with complications (28.4%) and individuals with non-O blood group showed changes in the blood count. Conclusion: Leprosy seems to be common in ORh+ individuals, it continues to affect especially those residing in areas of population agglomerations and with low education, presenting itself as a multibacillary infection, where changes in the blood count are greater in non-O individuals.

Les lecteurs de Sociologie des crises politiques savent que la théorie qu’y formule son auteur a pour arrière-plan une idéalisation qui concerne aussi bien la dynamique des processus critiques que les traits des sociétés constitutives du domaine de validité de cette théorie, les sociétés que Michel Dobry appelle complexes. C’est dire que l’élaboration de cette théorie procède par abstraction et elle se sert de cette idéalisation pour aller vers le concret, l’explorer, l’éclairer et l’explique...

L’œuvre de Michel Dobry apparaît comme une des plus singulières et fécondes dans l’univers de la science politique contemporaine. Les réflexions tirées de Sociologie des crises politiques, récemment réédité, sont soumises ici à des épreuves empiriques et des questions théoriques renouvelées. Les hypothèses et méthodes proposées dans le livre de 1986 y résistent bien : elles permettent de saisir les logiques des basculements historiques, de ces moments où les repères ordinaires s’effondrent et où la légitimité des dirigeants s’épuise brutalement. Et parce que cette sociologie nous engage à saisir l’effectuation même de ces processus d’écroulement, sans postuler qu’ils doivent tout à des causes lointaines, sans faire du résultat des crises le moteur de leur déroulement, elle est un des remèdes efficaces contre ces lectures étiologiques et rétrospectives qui encombrent l’histoire des révolutions. D’autres points sont soumis à la question : comment la sociologie des crises s’accommode-t-elle d’une sociologie de l’habitus avec qui elle entend cohabiter, ou encore comment intègre-t-elle l’historicité des sciences sociales : est-on voué à penser la crise sur le mode de la contingence ou faut-il viser une épistémologie à prétention nomologique souvent laissée aux seules sciences dures ? Nul doute qu’il y a là des interrogations qui traversent les sciences sociales contemporaines et auxquelles un entretien avec Michel Dobry, publié en fin de volume, apporte quelques réponses.

We report herein a set of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) derivatives based on triazoles and triazolium salts for HIV-1 infection. The compounds were synthesized via click chemistry with Cu(I) and Ru(II) catalysts. Triazolium salts were synthesized by reaction with methyl iodide or methyl triflate in good yields. The antiviral activity of the compounds was tested using two methodologies: In method one the activity was measured on infected cells, in method two a pre-exposure prophylaxis experimental model was employed. For method one the activity of the compounds was moderate, and in general the triazolium salts showed a decreased activity in relation to their triazole precursors. With method two the antiviral activity was higher. All compounds were able to decrease the infection, with two compounds able to clear almost all the infection, while a lower antiviral activity was noted for the triazolium salts. These results suggest that these drugs could play an important role in the development of pre-exposure prophylaxis therapies.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The mango is one of the most popular fruits in Brazil, and the best know type is Mangifera indica L. The production of this fruit is seasonal and its industrialization has grown in the last years as a means of diminishing loss in the harvest time. The mango processing generates a great amount of residues, around 40 to 60% of the entire amount of raw material. From the residues generated, 12 to 15% is made up of peel and 15 to 20% is seeds. The residues cannot be accumulated indefinitely where they were produced, and are normally discarded with no previous treatment, far from the processing unit. In this sense, the use of the mango seed as a source of cellulose is an alternative in order to diminish the loss and impact on the environment. In this study, the mango seed of the Ubá variety of mangifera indica L. was used as a source of cellulose. The mango seed, originating from a juice factory in the municipality of Araguari-MG, showed a content of cellulose of 55.00% ± 1.0, while the content of Klason lignin was 23.85% ± 0.3. The fibres of the mango seed were used in the production of methylcellulose and the samples were produced by means of heterogeneous methylation using dimethyl sulfate (DMS) and iodomethane as alkylating agents. The methylcelluloses produced were characterized as to their thermal properties by means of scanning exploratory calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The crystalline fraction of the polymers was determined by diffraction of X-rays (DRX), and the substitution degrees (GS) were determined by chemical means. The GS values, determined by chemical means were of 1.35 for MCD and 0.45 for MCI, showing a higher substitution in the synthesis using DMS as methylation agent. Aqueous solutions of methylcellulose, in the concentration of 0.2% m/m and 0.6% m/m (polymer mass/cement mass) were used as an additive in mortar and its effect was assessed, when newly prepared, by means of Consistency Index (CI) tests, density and water retention. After hardened, tests by means of the assessment of potential resistance in adherence and traction (Ra) were carried out. The methylcellulose samples obtained with DMS (MCD) and iodomethane (MCI) as methylate agents, used in the proportion of 0.6% w/w, showed better result; the increase was of 27.75% and 71.54% in the IC and an increase of 23.33% and 26.67% respectively in the Ra, showing that polymers can be used in the production of adhesive mortars. A manga é uma das frutas mais populares no Brasil, sendo a espécie mais difundida a Mangifera indica L. A produção dessa fruta é sazonal e sua industrialização tem crescido nos últimos anos como forma de diminuir as perdas no período de safra. O processamento da manga gera uma grande quantidade de resíduos, em torno de 40 a 60% de toda a matéria prima. Dos resíduos gerados 12 a 15 % são constituídos de cascas e de 15 a 20% de sementes. Os resíduos não podem ser acumulados indefinidamente no local onde foram produzidos e geralmente são descartados sem um tratamento prévio, longe da unidade processadora. Nesse sentido a utilização do caroço de manga como fonte de celulose se torna uma alternativa para diminuir as perdas e o impacto ambiental. No presente trabalho, o caroço de manga, Mangifera indica L. variedade Ubá, foi utilizado como fonte de celulose. O caroço de manga, proveniente de uma fábrica de suco do município de Araguari-MG, apresentou um teor de celulose de 55,00 % ± 1,0, enquanto o teor de lignina Klason foi de 23,85 % ± 0,3. As fibras do caroço de manga foram utilizadas para produção de metilcelulose e as amostras foram produzidas através da metilação heterogênea, utilizando-se o dimetilsulfato (DMS) e o iodometano como agentes alquilantes. As metilceluloses produzidas foram caracterizadas quanto às propriedades térmicas por calorimetria exploratória de varredura (DSC) e análise termogravimétrica (TGA). A fração cristalina dos polímeros foi determinada por difração de raios-X (DRX), e os graus de substituição (GS) foram determinados por via química. Os valores de GS, determinados por via química, foram de 1,35 para a MCD e 0,45 para a MCI, demonstrando uma maior substituição na síntese utilizando DMS como agente metilante. Soluções aquosas de metilcelulose, na concentração de 0,2 % m/m e 0,6% m/m (massa de polímero/massa de cimento), foram empregadas como aditivo em argamassas e o seu efeito foi avaliado, no estado fresco, através de ensaios de Índice de Consistência (IC), densidade e retenção de água. No estado endurecido, através da resistência potencial de aderência à tração (Ra). As amostras de metilcelulose obtidas com DMS (MCD) e iodometano (MCI) como agentes metilantes, utilizadas na proporção de 0,6% m/m, apresentaram um melhor resultado, sendo que o aumento foi de 27,75 % e 71,54 % no (IC) e um aumento na Ra de 23,33 % e 26,67%, respectivamente, mostrando que os polímeros podem ser empregados na produção de argamassas adesivas. Doutor em Química

The article analyses the major changes in the international system since the end of the Cold War. Taking as a starting point the question about the deep meaning of three events that have impacted the year of 2008 - global financial crisis; the deadlock in the negotiations of Doha round; the military conflict in South Georgia - it sketches the outline of the new power constellation that emerged in the 1990's; discusses three scenarios extracted from the debate on the probable evolution of the global power system (the scenarios multipolar; Consolidated unipolar, and liberal cosmopolit), and assesses the comparative plausibility of each, taking into account the developments that unfolded during the first decade of the 21 Century. Emphasizing the unilateral twist given by the Bush administration to the U.S. strategy, the article suggests that the three events referred to above should be understood as signs that the great strategy followed by the U.S. since the end of Cold War has been exhausted. A strategy founded on the idea of maintaining the superpower in its condition of uncontested world supremacy through an indefinite future.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:23:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-02. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T11:29:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-69092005000100006.pdf: 160267 bytes, checksum: eb0009057d2cd7a8da38f065e0991b39 (MD5) Concilier la demande pour des normes économiques globales et la réalité d'un système politique centré dans les États : tel est le problème général identifié lors des négociations commerciales en cours. Cet article cherche, à partir de l'histoire du droit commercial, des clefs qui mènent à une réflexion à propos du rôle contradictoire de l'OMC dans la construction des bases institutionnelles d'une économie globalisée. Identificando como raiz das tensões que vêm aflorando nas negociações comerciais em curso o problema geral de como conciliar a demanda por normas econômicas globais e a realidade de um sistema político centrado nos Estados, este artigo busca na história do direito comercial subsídios para refletir sobre o papel contraditório da OMC na construção das bases institucionais de uma economia globalizada. This article aims at finding subsidies in the history of commercial law to reflect on the contradictory role of WTO in building institutional bases of a global economy by identifying the general problem of conciliating the demand for global economic rules and the reality of a political system centered in States as the core of tensions that have been flourishing amid ongoing commercial dealings. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Programa San Tiago Dantas de Relações Internacionais Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Ciência Política Universidade Estadual Paulista, Programa San Tiago Dantas de Relações Internacionais Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Programa San Tiago Dantas de Relações Internacionais Universidade Estadual Paulista, Programa San Tiago Dantas de Relações Internacionais

No contexto de uma reflexão geral sobre o campo das Relações Internacionais, como área de atividade acadêmica, e suas transformações nas últimas duas décadas, o artigo discute a contribuição da abordagem gramsciana para a análise das organizações internacionais, com base no estudo crítico da obra International organization and industrial change. Global governance since 1850, de Craig Murphy. Fazendo uma avaliação global muito positiva desse trabalho, o artigo o critica pelo uso problemático da noção de "sociedade civil internacional". Depois de salientar as tensões e antagonismos que esse texto recobre, o artigo associa as mudanças em curso no plano da sociedade civil internacional aos fatores que têm contribuído, nos últimos 20 anos, para abrir o campo das Relações Internacionais a uma pluralidade de orientações e programas de pesquisa pouco ortodoxos. In the context of a general discussion relating to the field of International Relations as an area of academic activity, and with its changing configuration in the last two decades, the article discusses the contribution of the Gramscian approach to the study of international organizations, from the vantage-point of a critical examination of the book International organization and industrial change. Global governance since 1850, by Craig Murphy. Even though with a pretty much positive global evaluation of the book, the article criticizes the problematic use of the "international civil society" concept. After discussing the tensions and antagonisms covered by the book, the article associates the current changes in the level of the international civil society with factors which have contributed, in the last twenty years, to open the International Relations field to a plurality of less orthodox orientations and research programs. Cet article, fondé sur une étude critique de l'ouvrage de Craig Murphy, International organization and industrial change. Global governance since 1850, est un débat sur la contribution de l'abordage selon Gramsci dans l'analyse des organisations internationales. Ces organisations sont placées au sein d'un contexte de réflexion générale des relations internationales, considérées en tant que champs d'activité académique, et des transformations de ces relations au cours des deux dernières décennies. Malgré une évaluation globale très positive de ce travail, cet article le critique par son usage problématique de la notion de "société civile internationale". Après avoir souligné les tensions et les antagonismes que ce texte recouvre, l'article associe les changements en cours sur le plan de la société civile internationale aux facteurs qui ont contribué, tout au long de ces vingt dernières années, à ouvrir le domaine des relations internationales à une pluralité d'orientations et de programmes de recherche peu orthodoxes.

Tese (livre-docencia) - Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas Resumo: Não informado Abstract: Not informed Livre Docência Livre-Docente em Ciência Política