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9. Root and nodule establishment and associated carbon costs

Author

Voisin, Anne-Sophie, Salon, Christophe, Crozat, Y., ProdInra, Migration, Nathalie Munier-Jolain, Véronique Biarnès, Isabelle Chaillet, Jérémie Lecoeur, Marie-Helene Jeuffroy, UMR 0102 - Unité de Recherche Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Ecole Supérieure d'Agronomie

Subjects
CARBON, NITROGEN, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, ENVIRONMENT, MATHEMTICAL MODELS, PLANT NUTRITION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, YIELD FACTORS, GROWTH, PEA ARCHITECTURE, VEGETATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Abstract

Version Anglaise de Agrophysiologie du pois protéagineux edition INRA 2005; International audience; Rich in bibliographic references, this book presents the current status of knowledge on the physiology of the pea crop. It draws on contributions from plant physiologists and researchers in various other disciplines who have been working together for many years on the production of plants rich in proteins. The text first discusses vegetative and reproductive development, growth under non-limiting conditions, and the nitrogen nutrition of the pea crop. It then explores the effects of the abiotic and biotic stresses on the development as well as the growth and nitrogen uptake by the plant. The book concludes with a global model of the functioning of the pea crop, which is proposed as a tool for the diagnosis of the yield-limiting factors.

Published
2010

12. Pea-barley intercropping for the control of weeds in European organic cropping systems

Author

Dibet, A., Hauggaard-Nielsen, H., Kasyanova, E., Ruske, R. E., Michael Gooding, Pristeri, A., Monti, M., Dahlmann, C., Fragstein, P., Ambus, P., Jensen, E. S., and Crozat, Y.

Subjects
Crop combinations and interactions, parasitic diseases, fungi, food and beverages, Weed management, respiratory system, Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Abstract

Two pea-barley intercropping strategies were compared with respective sole crops for their capacity to reduce weeds. Crops were grown under organic conditions without mechanical weeding. Field trials were carried out during three years throughout Europe. Although crops were tested under diverse soil and climate conditions, in the presence of different weed species and varying weed biomass, it appeared in all experimental sites that weeds were better controlled in barley sole crop or in intercrops than in pea sole crop. Differences in the degree of weed control between crop treatments were already visible at flowering and sometimes increased until maturity. It is interesting to note that the substitutive and additive designs obtained similar results. The higher plant population density in the latter did not enhance competitive ability against weeds. This study also highlighted the importance of soil N in crop competition with weeds. The presence of barley in the intercrops, which increased the accumulation of N from soil compared to pea sole crop, consequently reduced weed levels.

Published
2006

13. Simulation du fonctionnement des cultures associées orge-pois

Author

Corre-Hellou, GUENAELLE, Faure, M.L., Brisson, Nadine, Crozat, Y., Ecole Supérieure d'Agriculture (Groupe ESA), Agroclim (AGROCLIM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, INDICE FOLIAIRE
Published
2005

14. Sitones

Author

Crozat, Y., Doré, Thierry, Agronomie (Agronomie), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), N. Munier-Jolain, V. Biarnès, I. Chaillet, J. Lecoeur, and M.H. Jeuffroy

Subjects
PHYSIOLOGIE, SITONE, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, AGRONOMIE
Published
2005

15. Etat structural

Author

Vocanson, Aurélie, Crozat, Y., Jeuffroy, Marie-Helene, Agronomie (Agronomie), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), N. Munier-Jolain, V. Biarnès, I. Chaillet, J. Lecoeur, and M.H. Jeuffroy

Subjects
PHYSIOLOGIE, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, AGRONOMIE
Published
2005

16. Adaptation du module fixation de STICS

Author

Corre-Hellou, GUENAELLE, Faure, M.L., Dibet, A., Brisson, Nadine, Crozat, Y., ProdInra, Migration, Ecole Supérieure d'Agriculture (Groupe ESA), Agroclim (AGROCLIM), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
NITROGEN UPTAKE, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Published
2005

17. Retours d'expérience sur la constitution d'un projet de recherche - action sur les pollutions agricoles en région Pays de la Loire

Author

Laurent, F., Bioteau, Thierry, Bordenave, Pierre, Rapion, P., Turpin, N., Aveline, A., Cannavacciuolo, M., Crozat, Y., Herault, C., Le Guen, Roxane, Pain, Guillaume, Vigue, P., Kermadi, S., Ruelland, D., Trebouet, A., Huet, J., Dupe, G., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gestion environnementale et traitement biologique des déchets (UR GERE), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), DRAF BRETAGNE, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), ECOLE SUPERIEURE D'AGRICULTURE D'ANGERS, CHAMBRE REGIONALE D'AGRICULTURE DES PAYS DE LA LOIRE ANGERS, DRAF PAYS DE LA LOIRE NANTES, and Irstea Publications, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Decisions on water quality issues are usually made on large territories ranging hundreds to thousands of km². The challenge for decision makers is to better understand the interactions between agriculture, the physical environment and water quality. The SWAT model is a tool for combining those relationships. We will present here its implementation on two test watersheds in the region of "Pays de la Loire" : the "Moine" watershed (385 km²) and the "Rochereau" watershed (206 km²). We outline difficulties linked to data availibility. The model can predict relatively well flows and nitrogen fluxes at the catchment scale. Mapping nitrogen pollution risks due to agricultural activities becomes possible. As a result, one can differentiate among the different factors participating in the overall Nitrogen fluxes (agricultural practices or physical characteristics). This modelling experience brings interesting opportunities to simulate the effects of changes of the practices and use of the land on water quality., Nous présentons les modes et phases de construction d`un projet transdisciplinaire en partenariat. Le projet s`intitule « Pollution agricole et qualité des eaux : de la connaissance des mécanismes à la mise en oeuvre de politiques régionales », il s`inscrit dans le programme DADP en Pays de la Loire. Ce projet vise à définir une méthodologie de diagnostic des risques de pollution agricole à l`échelle de bassins versants de plusieurs centaines de km². Dans cette communication, nous nous intéresserons d`abord au rôle de l`information dans la prise de décision en matière de protection des ressources en eau. Puis, nous traiterons de l`élaboration du projet, de la façon dont les échanges entre partenaires et chercheurs ont permis de construire un objet commun et des modalités d`intervention des partenaires. Enfin, nous présenterons la méthodologie retenue.

Published
2003

18. Seed development and seed physiological quality of field grown beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Author

Coste, F., Ney, B., Crozat, Y., Unité de recherches en bioclimatologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ECOPHYSIOLOGIE, HARICOT, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2001

19. The competitive ability of pea–barley intercrops against weeds and the interactions with crop productivity and soil N availability

Author

Corre-Hellou, G., Dibet, A., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Crozat, Y., Gooding, M., Ambus, Per, Dahlmann, C., von Fragstein, P., Pristeri, A., Monti, M., Jensen, E.S., Corre-Hellou, G., Dibet, A., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Crozat, Y., Gooding, M., Ambus, Per, Dahlmann, C., von Fragstein, P., Pristeri, A., Monti, M., and Jensen, E.S.

Abstract

Grain legumes, such as peas (Pisum sativum L.), are known to be weak competitors against weeds when grown as the sole crop. In this study, the weed-suppression effect of pea–barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) intercropping compared to the respective sole crops was examined in organic field experiments across Western Europe (i.e., Denmark, the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Italy). Spring pea (P) and barley (B) were sown either as the sole crop, at the recommended plant density (P100 and B100, respectively), or in replacement (P50B50) or additive (P100B50) intercropping designs for three seasons (2003–2005). The weed biomass was three times higher under the pea sole crops than under both the intercrops and barley sole crops at maturity. The inclusion of joint experiments in several countries and various growing conditions showed that intercrops maintain a highly asymmetric competition over weeds, regardless of the particular weed infestation (species and productivity), the crop biomass or the soil nitrogen availability. The intercropping weed suppression was highly resilient, whereas the weed suppression in pea sole crops was lower and more variable. The pea–barley intercrops exhibited high levels of weed suppression, even with a low percentage of barley in the total biomass. Despite a reduced leaf area in the case of a low soil N availability, the barley sole crops and intercrops displayed high weed suppression, probably because of their strong competitive capability to absorb soil N. Higher soil N availabilities entailed increased leaf areas and competitive ability for light, which contributed to the overall competitive ability against weeds for all of the treatments. The contribution of the weeds in the total dry matter and soil N acquisition was higher in the pea sole crop than in the other treatments, in spite of the higher leaf areas in the pea crops.

Published
2011

20. Les rhizobactéries promotrices de croissance : mesure de leur influence sur le développement de la jeune plante de maïs, identification et taxonomie

Author

Raveneau, M.P., Gardan, L., Crozat, Y., Riviere, L.M., Unité de recherche Pathologie végétale et phytobactériologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
ARN RIBOSOMIQUE 16S, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, CROISSANCE DES PLANTES, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
1998

21. La floraison séquentielle, source d'hétérogénéité de la qualité au sein d'un lot de haricot : conséquences sur la conduite de la récolte

Author

Coste, F., Crozat, Y., Ladonne, F., Fougereux, J.A., Laurent, E., Ducournau, Sylvie, Wagner, M.H., ProdInra, Migration, 0971 Gip Geves SNES Angers, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Accueil GEVES (Accueil GEVES)-Groupe d'étude et de controle des variétés et des semences (GEVES)-Gip Geves SNES Angers (Gip Geves SNES Angers)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], HARICOT, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
1998

22. Intercropping of cereals and grain legumes for increased production, weed control, improved product quality and prevention of N-losses in European organic farming systems

Author

Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Jensen, Erik Steen, Ambus, Per, Bellostas, N., Boisen, S., Brisson, N., Corre-Hellou, G., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Dibet, A., Fragstein, P. von, Gooding, M., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Kasyanova, E., Launay, M., Monti, M., Pristeri, A., Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Jensen, Erik Steen, Ambus, Per, Bellostas, N., Boisen, S., Brisson, N., Corre-Hellou, G., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Dibet, A., Fragstein, P. von, Gooding, M., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Kasyanova, E., Launay, M., Monti, M., and Pristeri, A.

Published
2007

24. Pea-barley intercrops use nitrogen sources 20-30% more efficiently than the sole crops

Author

Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Ambus, Per, Brisson, N., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Dibet, A., Fragstein, P. von, Gooding, M., Kasyanova, E., Launay, M., Monti, M., Pristeri, A., Jensen, Erik Steen, Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Ambus, Per, Brisson, N., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Dibet, A., Fragstein, P. von, Gooding, M., Kasyanova, E., Launay, M., Monti, M., Pristeri, A., and Jensen, Erik Steen

Published
2007

25. Pea-barley intercropping for the control of weeds in European organic cropping systems

Author

Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Dibet, A., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Kasyanova, E., Ruske, R., Gooding, M., Pristeri, A., Monti, M., Dahlmann, C., Fragstein, P. von, Ambus, Per, Jensen, Erik Steen, Crozat, Y., Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Dibet, A., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Kasyanova, E., Ruske, R., Gooding, M., Pristeri, A., Monti, M., Dahlmann, C., Fragstein, P. von, Ambus, Per, Jensen, Erik Steen, and Crozat, Y.

Published
2007

26. Intercropping with grain legumes increases N and S concentration and N:S ratios of wheat grain in European organic farming systems

Author

Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Kasyanova, E., Gooding, M., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Dibet, A., Corre-Hellou, G., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Fragstein, P. von, Romeo, M., Monti, M., Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Kasyanova, E., Gooding, M., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Dibet, A., Corre-Hellou, G., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Fragstein, P. von, Romeo, M., and Monti, M.

Published
2007

27. Major conclusions and outlook

Author

Schneider, A., Craig, J., Nemecek, T., Gaillard, G., Werf, H. van der, Jensen, Erik Steen, Carrouée, B., Crozat, Y., Schmidtke, K., Kreuzer, M., Fuhrer, J., Smith, K., Watson, C., Dourmad, J.-Y., Pres-Senda, F., Schneider, A., Craig, J., Nemecek, T., Gaillard, G., Werf, H. van der, Jensen, Erik Steen, Carrouée, B., Crozat, Y., Schmidtke, K., Kreuzer, M., Fuhrer, J., Smith, K., Watson, C., Dourmad, J.-Y., and Pres-Senda, F.

Published
2007

28. Evaluation of the STICS crop model within the INTERCROP EU project to simulate pea-barley intercropping systems

Author

Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Launay, M., Brisson, N., Corre-Hellou, G., Dibet, A., Crozat, Y., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Kasyanova, E., Monti, M., Dahlmann, C., Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Launay, M., Brisson, N., Corre-Hellou, G., Dibet, A., Crozat, Y., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Kasyanova, E., Monti, M., and Dahlmann, C.

Published
2007

29. Agronomic performance and yield stability of pea-barley intercropping in European organic farming system

Author

Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Monti, M., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Dibet, A., Fragstein, P. von, Gooding, M.J., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Jensen, Erik Steen, Kasyanova, E., Bellostas, N.M., Pristeri, A., Andreasen, C.B., Elsgaard, L., Sørensen, L.S., Hansen, G., Monti, M., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Dibet, A., Fragstein, P. von, Gooding, M.J., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Jensen, Erik Steen, Kasyanova, E., Bellostas, N.M., and Pristeri, A.

Published
2007

30. Intercropping of pea and barley for increased production, weed control, improved product quality and prevention of nitrogen-losses in European organic farming systems

Author

Fotyma, M., Kaminska, B., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Ambus, Per, Bellostas, N., Boisen, S., Brisson, N., Corre-Hellou, G., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Dibet, A., Fragstein, P. von, Gooding, M., Kasyanova, E., Launay, M., Monti, M., Pristeri, A., Jensen, Erik Steen, Fotyma, M., Kaminska, B., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Ambus, Per, Bellostas, N., Boisen, S., Brisson, N., Corre-Hellou, G., Crozat, Y., Dahlmann, C., Dibet, A., Fragstein, P. von, Gooding, M., Kasyanova, E., Launay, M., Monti, M., Pristeri, A., and Jensen, Erik Steen

Published
2007

31. Intercropping with pulses to concentrate nitrogen and sulphur in wheat

Author

Gooding, M., Kasyanova, E., Ruske, R., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Jensen, Erik Steen, Dahlmann, C., Fragstein, P. Von, Dibet, A., Corre-Hellou, G., Crozat, Y., Pristerf, A., Romeo, M., Monti, M., Launay, M., Gooding, M., Kasyanova, E., Ruske, R., Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, Jensen, Erik Steen, Dahlmann, C., Fragstein, P. Von, Dibet, A., Corre-Hellou, G., Crozat, Y., Pristerf, A., Romeo, M., Monti, M., and Launay, M.

Published
2007

32. Root system growth and nodule establishment on pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Author

Tricot, F., Crozat, Y., Pellerin, Sylvain, Station de recherches grandes cultures : Laboratoire de zoologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité d'agronomie, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Physiology, Formation de nodosités, P34 - Biologie du sol, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Plant Science, nodosité racinaire, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pisum sativum, 010606 plant biology & botany, Racine
Abstract

Le développement du système racinaire, l'apparition des nodules et la relation entre ces deux phénomènes est étudiée chez le pois (#Pisum sativum L.#). Des données sur le développement des racines et des nodules ont été collectées chaque jour pendant 4 semaines : longueur de la racine primaire, distance entre la racine primaire et les racines latérales, distance entre la racine primaire et les nodules, distribution des nodules le long de la racine primaire et des racines latérales, ... Des relations de cause à effet sont mises en évidence entre ces différents critères. L'auteur évoque la possibilité que les carbohydrates soient impliqués dans la régulation de ces mécanismes

Published
1997

33. Grain legumes and nitrate leaching: significance and prevention

Author

Jensen, E.S., Hauggaard-Nielsen, H., Aveline, A., Crozat, Y., Jensen, E.S., Hauggaard-Nielsen, H., Aveline, A., and Crozat, Y.

Abstract

The amount of internationally published evidence on the effects of grain legumes on nitrate leaching is sparse and some studies may have weak points. Nevertheless, this mini-review indicates that the level of N leaching is 0–20 kg N ha-1 greater after pea than after cereals. Methods to prevent N leaching should be further developed and there is a need to genetically improve the root systems of grain legumes.

Published
2004

35. Elaboration de la biomasse des nodosités : influence de la nutrition carbonée

Author

Tricot-Pellerin, F., Frédérique Angevin, Crozat, Y., Unité de gestion du département de génétique et amélioration des plantes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), B. Ney, E. Duchêne, B. Carrouée, F. Angevin, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
Fixation de l'azote, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Formation de nodosités, P34 - Biologie du sol, nodosité racinaire, BIOMASSE DES NODOSITES, Nutrition des plantes, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Biomasse, AGRONOMIE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pisum sativum, Racine
Abstract

National audience

Published
1994

40. Determination of standard relationships for an early prediction of the number of grains of the pea crop

Author

Crozat, Y., Doré, Thierry, GILLET, J.P., Unité associée INRA/INA-PG d'Agronomie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, PREDICTION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, PISUM SATIVUM VAR ARVENSE
Published
1992

41. Intercropping with pulses to concentrate nitrogen and sulphur in wheat

Author

GOODING, M. J., primary, KASYANOVA, E., additional, RUSKE, R., additional, HAUGGAARD-NIELSEN, H., additional, JENSEN, E. S., additional, DAHLMANN, C., additional, VON FRAGSTEIN, P., additional, DIBET, A., additional, CORRE-HELLOU, G., additional, CROZAT, Y., additional, PRISTERI, A., additional, ROMEO, M., additional, MONTI, M., additional, and LAUNAY, M., additional

Published
2007
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48. Modelling the effects of microclimate on bean seed desiccation rate and seed storage ability.

Author

Moreau-Valancogne, P., Coste, F., Vandewalle, P., Wagner, M. H., Ladonne, F., and Crozat, Y.

Subjects
BEANS, SEEDS, TEMPERATURE, GREENHOUSE plants, HUMIDITY
Abstract

Bean seed storage ability is of major interest for seed firms and depends, at least partially, on the effect of desiccation microclimate and desiccation rate on the mother plant; however, their effects are contradictory and not quantified. Therefore, our aims were (a) to predict seed desiccation rate from microclimatic variables at the pod level and (b) to measure the effects of seed desiccation rate and temperature on seed storage ability. For 4 years, beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris) were sown at different dates in the field and once in a greenhouse. Pods having seeds at the beginning of desiccation stage were selected according to their colour and then dried in the field or under controlled conditions. In the field, pods were dried under both natural conditions and conditions modified either by defoliation or by water spraying. Under controlled conditions, pods were dried under a wide range of temperature and relative humidity combinations. Seed water content, temperature and relative humidity were measured throughout the desiccation phase. Storage ability was measured by a standard germination test after either 11 or 15 days of controlled deterioration. Seed desiccation rate was highly correlated to air vapour pressure deficit, which measures the combined effects of temperature and relative humidity on drying. With a logit transformation, deterioration test results showed a linear decrease in storage ability as seed desiccation rate increased for either controlled or field-dried lots. However, for controlled lots desiccated at temperatures lower than 24°C, the lower the temperature, the lower the storage ability at a given desiccation rate. Moreover, the relationship between the results of the two deterioration periods differed between controlled and field-dried lots. Finally, the high correlation between seed storage ability, desiccation rate and vapour pressure deficit in the field has given new insights for building a crop decision-oriented model for optimising harvesting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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49. N2 fixation and N supply in organic pea (Pisum sativum L.) cropping systems as affected by weeds and peaweevil (Sitona lineatus L.)

Author

Corre-Hellou, G. and Crozat, Y.

Subjects
*PEAS, *ORGANIC farming, *BIOMASS, *AGRICULTURAL pests, *PROTEINS
Abstract

Abstract: Grain legumes, especially peas, could play a key role in organic cropping systems. They could provide nitrogen (N) to the system via N2 fixation and produce grain rich in protein while improving soil N for the succeeding crop. Thus, maximising N2 fixation and optimising grain N production together with N contribution to soil is a challenging issue for organic pea crops. However, pest, disease and weed infestation are less easy to control in organic systems than in conventional systems. Therefore, the effects of weed infestation and pea weevil (Sitona lineatus L.) attacks on N nutrition and N2 fixation of organic pea crops were examined by on-farm monitoring over two years. The magnitude of the net contribution of the crops to the soil N balance in relation to their productivity was also assessed. In many situations, weed infestation together with pea weevil damage severely limited the nitrogen nutrition and grain yield. Percentage of N derived from fixation (%Ndfa) increased with weed biomass because weeds appeared more competitive than peas for soil N. But %Ndfa decreased with pea weevil leaf damage score. The interaction between these two biotic factors affected N yields and the net contribution of the crops to soil N. This latter ranged from −133kg Nha−1 to 69kg Nha−1 depending on %Ndfa and nitrogen harvest index (NHI). Optimising both grain N and net balance would require a reduction in root nodule damage by weevil larvae in order to maximise %Ndfa and a reduction in the NHI through the choice of cultivar and/or suitable crop management. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2005
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50. Nutrition azotee du soja : les deux voies de l'assimilation de l'azote

Author

Bouniols, A., Cleyet Marel, Jean Claude, Crozat, Y., Drevon, Jean-Jacques, Heckman, M.O., Obaton, M., Salsac, L., LAGACHERIE, Bernard, Conéjèro, Geneviève, Robin, P., Wery, J., Warenbourg, F., Unité de recherche Agronomie de Clermont (URAC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Station de recherches sur les symbiotes des racines, Institut francilien recherche, innovation et société (IFRIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-OST-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-ESIEE Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-OST-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-ESIEE Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
FACTEUR CLIMAT, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], RELATION SOL PLANTE
Abstract

Supplement 1er trimestre 1986 - Le soja : physiologie de la plante et adaptation aux conditions francaises; National audience

Published
1986

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