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1. The Use of in situ Simulation in Healthcare Education: Current Perspectives

Author

Martin A, Cross S, and Attoe C

Subjects
simulation-based education, clinical training, simulated practice, technology-enhanced learning, health professions, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Anastasia Martin,1 Sean Cross,2 Chris Attoe2 1Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK; 2Maudsley Learning, South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UKCorrespondence: Chris AttoeMaudsley Learning, South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Lambeth Hospital, Reay House, 108 Landor Road, London SW9 9NU, UKTel +44 2032286149Email Chris.attoe@slam.nhs.netAbstract: In situ simulation is the practice of using simulated scenarios in a clinical environment itself rather than in training facilities to promote learning and improved clinical care. The use of in situ simulation has been increasingly used to train healthcare staff in dealing with emergencies, resuscitation and clinical skills. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the themes, perspectives and approaches to in situ simulation for educational purposes with healthcare staff. The literature search included studies describing and evaluating in situ simulations with an educational component. We carried out a narrative synthesis and extracted data on the clinical setting, the simulation purpose, design, evaluation method and impact. In situ simulation has proved useful in a range of different specialties for skills improvement and team development. Simulation design ranges in terms of fidelity, duration and topic. No specific design has shown to be the most efficient. However, adopting a design that fits into the specific centers resources, educational needs and clinical demands is the most important consideration.Keywords: simulation-based education, clinical training, simulated practice, technology-enhanced learning, health professions

Published
2020

2. Sensitivity projections for a dual-phase argon TPC optimized for light dark matter searches through the ionization channel

Author

Agnes, P., Ahmad, I., Albergo, S., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Alexander, T., Alton, A. K., Amaudruz, P., Corona, M. Atzori, Auty, D. J., Ave, M., Avetisov, I. Ch., Avetisov, R. I., Azzolini, O., Back, H. O., Balmforth, Z., Barbarian, V., Olmedo, A. Barrado, Barrillon, P., Basco, A., Batignani, G., Berzin, E., Bondar, A., Bonivento, W. M., Borisova, E., Bottino, B., Boulay, M. G., Buccino, G., Bussino, S., Busto, J., Buzulutskov, A., Cadeddu, M., Cadoni, M., Caminata, A., Canci, N., Capra, A., Caprioli, S., Caravati, M., Cárdenas-Montes, M., Cargioli, N., Carlini, M., Castello, P., Cataudella, V., Cavalcante, P., Cavuoti, S., Cebrian, S., Ruiz, J. M. Cela, Chashin, S., Chepurnov, A., Chyhyrynets, E, Cicalò, C., Cifarelli, L., Cintas, D., Cocco, V., Vilda, E. Conde, Consiglio, L., Copello, S., Covone, G., Cross, S., Czudak, P., D'Aniello, M., D'Auria, S., Rolo, M. D. Da Rocha, Dadoun, O., Daniel, M., Davini, S., De Candia, A., De Cecco, S., De Falco, A., De Filippis, G., De Gruttola, D., De Pasquale, S., De Rosa, G., Dellacasa, G., Derbin, A. V., Devoto, A., Di Capua, F., Di Noto, L., Di Stefano, P., Dionisi, C., Dolganov, G., Dordei, F., Doria, L., Erjavec, T., Diaz, M. Fernandez, Fiorillo, G., Franceschi, A., Franchini, P., Franco, D., Frolov, E., Funicello, N., Gabriele, F., Gahan, D., Galbiati, C., Gallina, G., Gallus, G., Garbini, M., Abia, P. Garcia, Gendotti, A., Ghiano, C., Giampaolo, R. A., Giganti, C., Giorgi, M. A., Giovanetti, G. K., Casanueva, V. Goicoechea, Gola, A., Gorman, D., Diaz, R. Graciani, Grauso, G., di Cortona, G. Grilli, Grobov, A., Gromov, M., Guan, M., Guerzoni, M., Gulino, M., Guo, C., Hackett, B. R., Hall, J. B., Hallin, A. L., Hamer, A., Helton, H., Haranczyk, M., Hessel, T., Hill, S., Horikawa, S., Hubaut, F., Hugues, T., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, An., Ippolito, V., Jillings, C., Kachru, P., Kemp, A. A., Kendziora, C. L., Keppel, G., Khomyakov, A. V., Kimura, M., Kochanek, I., Kondo, K., Korga, G., Koulosousas, S., Kubankin, A., Kuss, M., Kuźniak, M., La Commara, M., Lai, M., Guirriec, E. Le, Leason, E., Li, X., Lidey, L., Lipp, J., Lissia, M., Longo, G., Luzzi, L., Macfadyen, O., Machulin, I. N., Manthos, I., Mapelli, L., Margotti, A., Mari, S. M., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marini, A., Martínez, M., Martoff, C. J., Masoni, A., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzi, A., McDonald, A. B., Messina, A., Milincic, R., Moggi, A., Moharana, A., Monroe, J., Morrocchi, M., Mozhevitina, E. N., Mróz, T., Muratova, V. N., Muscas, C., Musico, P., Nania, R., Napolitano, T., Nessi, M., Nieradka, G., Nikolopoulos, K., Nikulin, I., Nowak, J., Olchansky, K., Oleinik, A., Oleynikov, V., Organtini, P., de Solórzano, A. Ortiz, Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pandola, L., Pantic, E., Paoloni, E., Paternoster, G., Pegoraro, P. A., Pelczar, K., Pellegrino, C., Perotti, F., Pesudo, V., Piacentini, S., Pietropaolo, F., Pino, N., Pira, C., Pocar, A., Poehlmann, D. M., Pordes, S., Pralavorio, P., Price, D., Raffaelli, F., Ragusa, F., Ramachers, Y., Ramirez, A., Razeti, M., Razeto, A., Renshaw, A. L., Rescigno, M., Resnati, F., Retiere, F., Rignanese, L. P., Ripoli, C., Rivetti, A., Roberts, A., Roberts, C., Rode, J., Rogers, G., Romero, L., Rossi, M., Rubbia, A., Sadashivajois, S., Saffold, T. R., Samoylov, O., Sandford, E., Sanfilippo, S., Santone, D., Santorelli, R., Savarese, C., Scapparone, E., Scioli, G., Semenov, D. A., Shchagin, A., Sheshukov, A., Simeone, M., Skensved, P., Skorokhvatov, M. D., Smirnov, O., Smirnova, T., Smith, B., Sokolov, A., Spangenberg, M., Stefanizzi, R., Steri, A., Stracka, S., Strickland, V., Stringer, M., Sulis, S., Sung, A., Suvorov, Y., Szelc, A. M., Türkoğ, C., Tartaglia, R., Taylor, A., Taylor, J., Tedesco, S., Testera, G., Thieme, K., Thorpe, T. N., Tonazzo, A., Torres-Lara, S., Tricomi, A., Unzhakov, E. V., John, T. Vallivilayil, Van Uffelen, M., Viant, T., Viel, S., Vishneva, A., Vogelaar, R. B., Vossebeld, J., Wada, M., Walczak, M. B., Wang, Y., Westerdale, S., Wheadon, R. J., Williams, L., Wingerter-Seez, I., Wojaczyński, R., Wojcik, Ma. M., Wojcik, Ma., Wright, T., Xie, Y., Yang, C., Zabihi, A., Zakhary, P., Zani, A., Zichichi, A., Zuzel, G., and Zykova, M. P.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Dark matter lighter than 10 GeV/c$^2$ encompasses a promising range of candidates. A conceptual design for a new detector, DarkSide-LowMass, is presented, based on the DarkSide-50 detector and progress toward DarkSide-20k, optimized for a low-threshold electron-counting measurement. Sensitivity to light dark matter is explored for various potential energy thresholds and background rates. These studies show that DarkSide-LowMass can achieve sensitivity to light dark matter down to the solar neutrino floor for GeV-scale masses and significant sensitivity down to 10 MeV/c$^2$ considering the Migdal effect or interactions with electrons. Requirements for optimizing the detector's sensitivity are explored, as are potential sensitivity gains from modeling and mitigating spurious electron backgrounds that may dominate the signal at the lowest energies.

Published
2022
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4. Characterisation of HEXITECMHz - A 1 MHz continuous frame rate spectroscopic X-ray imaging detector system

Author

Cline, B.D., Banks, D., Bell, S., Church, I., Cross, S., Davis, A., Day, C., French, M., Gardiner, T., Ghorbanian, N., Harris, J., Hart, M., Holden, J., Jones, L., Lipp, J., Nicholls, T., Nobes, J., Pradeep, S., Prydderch, M., Roberts, M., Schneider, A., Seller, P., Sole, D., Veale, M.C., Wilson, M.D., Helsby, W., Dhamgaye, V., Fox, O., and Sawhney, K.

Published
2023
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6. Full orbital solution for the binary system in the northern Galactic disc microlensing event Gaia16aye

Author

Wyrzykowski, Łukasz, Mróz, P., Rybicki, K. A., Gromadzki, M., Kołaczkowski, Z., Zieliński, M., Zieliński, P., Britavskiy, N., Gomboc, A., Sokolovsky, K., Hodgkin, S. T., Abe, L., Aldi, G. F., AlMannaei, A., Altavilla, G., Qasim, A. Al, Anupama, G. C., Awiphan, S., Bachelet, E., Bakıs, V., Baker, S., Bartlett, S., Bendjoya, P., Benson, K., Bikmaev, I. F., Birenbaum, G., Blagorodnova, N., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boeva, S., Bonanos, A. Z., Bozza, V., Bramich, D. M., Bruni, I., Burenin, R. A., Burgaz, U., Butterley, T., Caines, H. E., Caton, D. B., Novati, S. Calchi, Carrasco, J. M., Cassan, A., Cepas, V., Cropper, M., Chruślińska, M., Clementini, G., Clerici, A., Conti, D., Conti, M., Cross, S., Cusano, F., Damljanovic, G., Dapergolas, A., D'Ago, G., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Dennefeld, M., Dhillon, V. S., Dominik, M., Dziedzic, J., Ereceantalya, O., Eselevich, M. V., Esenoglu, H., Eyer, L., Jaimes, R. Figuera, Fossey, S. J., Galeev, A. I., Grebenev, S. A., Gupta, A. C., Gutaev, A. G., Hallakoun, N., Hamanowicz, A., Han, C., Handzlik, B., Haislip, J. B., Hanlon, L., Hardy, L. K., Harrison, D. L., van Heerden, H. J., Hoette, V. L., Horne, K., Hudec, R., Hundertmark, M., Ihanec, N., Irtuganov, E. N., Itoh, R., Iwanek, P., Jovanovic, M. D., Janulis, R., Jelínek, M., Jensen, E., Kaczmarek, Z., Katz, D., Khamitov, I. M., Kilic, Y., Klencki, J., Kolb, U., Kopacki, G., Kouprianov, V. V., Kruszyńska, K., Kurowski, S., Latev, G., Lee, C-H., Leonini, S., Leto, G., Lewis, F., Li, Z., Liakos, A., Littlefair, S. P., Lu, J., Manser, C. J., Mao, S., Maoz, D., Martin-Carrillo, A., Marais, J. P., Maskoliūnas, M., Maund, J. R., Meintjes, P. J., Melnikov, S. S., Ment, K., Mikołajczyk, P., Morrell, M., Mowlavi, N., Moździerski, D., Murphy, D., Nazarov, S., Netzel, H., Nesci, R., Ngeow, C. -C., Norton, A. J., Ofek, E. O., Pakstienė, E., Palaversa, L., Pandey, A., Paraskeva, E., Pawlak, M., Penny, M. T., Penprase, B. E., Piascik, A., Prieto, J. L., Qvam, J. K. T., Ranc, C., Rebassa-Mansergas, A., Reichart, D. E., Reig, P., Rhodes, L., Rivet, J. -P., Rixon, G., Roberts, D., Rosi, P., Russell, D. M., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Scarpetta, G., Seabroke, G., Shappee, B. J., Schmidt, R., Shvartzvald, Y., Sitek, M., Skowron, J., Śniegowska, M., Snodgrass, C., Soares, P. S., van Soelen, B., Spetsieri, Z. T., Stankeviciūtė, A., Steele, I. A., Street, R. A., Strobl, J., Strubble, E., Szegedi, H., Ramirez, L. M. Tinjaca, Tomasella, L., Tsapras, Y., Vernet, D., Villanueva Jr., S., Vince, O., Wambsganss, J., van der Westhuizen, I. P., Wiersema, K., Wium, D., Wilson, R. W., Yoldas, A., Zhuchkov, R. Ya., Zhukov, D. G., Zdanavicius, J., Zoła, S., and Zubareva, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Gaia16aye was a binary microlensing event discovered in the direction towards the northern Galactic disc and was one of the first microlensing events detected and alerted to by the Gaia space mission. Its light curve exhibited five distinct brightening episodes, reaching up to I=12 mag, and it was covered in great detail with almost 25,000 data points gathered by a network of telescopes. We present the photometric and spectroscopic follow-up covering 500 days of the event evolution. We employed a full Keplerian binary orbit microlensing model combined with the motion of Earth and Gaia around the Sun to reproduce the complex light curve. The photometric data allowed us to solve the microlensing event entirely and to derive the complete and unique set of orbital parameters of the binary lensing system. We also report on the detection of the first-ever microlensing space-parallax between the Earth and Gaia located at L2. The properties of the binary system were derived from microlensing parameters, and we found that the system is composed of two main-sequence stars with masses 0.57$\pm$0.05 $M_\odot$ and 0.36$\pm$0.03 $M_\odot$ at 780 pc, with an orbital period of 2.88 years and an eccentricity of 0.30. We also predict the astrometric microlensing signal for this binary lens as it will be seen by Gaia as well as the radial velocity curve for the binary system. Events such as Gaia16aye indicate the potential for the microlensing method of probing the mass function of dark objects, including black holes, in directions other than that of the Galactic bulge. This case also emphasises the importance of long-term time-domain coordinated observations that can be made with a network of heterogeneous telescopes., Comment: accepted for publication in A&A, 24 pages, 10 figures, tables with the data will be available electronically

Published
2019
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7. OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb: First Spitzer Bulge Planet Lies Near the Planet/Brown-Dwarf Boundary

Author

Ryu, Y. -H., Yee, J. C., Udalski, A., Bond, I. A., Shvartzvald, Y., Zang, W., Jaimes, R. Figuera, Jorgensen, U. G., Zhu, W., Huang, C. X., Jung, Y. K., Albrow, M. D., Chung, S. -J., Gould, A., Han, C., Hwang, K. -H., Shin, I. -G., Cha, S. -M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, H. -W., Kim, S. -L., Lee, C. -U., Lee, D. -J., Lee, Y., Park, B. -G., Pogge, R. W., Novati, S. Calchi, Carey, S., Henderson, C. B., Beichman, C., Gaudi, B. S., Mróz, P., Poleski, R., Skowron, J., Szymanski, M. K., Soszynski, I., Kozlowski, S., Pietrukowicz, P., Ulaczyk, K., Pawlak, M., Abe, F., Asakura, Y., Barry, R., Bennett, D. P., Bhattacharya, A., Donachie, M., Evans, P., Fukui, A., Hirao, Y., Itow, Y., Kawasaki, K., Koshimoto, N., Li, M. C. A., Ling, C. H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyazaki, S., Muraki, Y., Nagakane, M., Ohnishi, K., Ranc, C., Rattenbury, N. J., Saito, To., Sharan, A., Sullivan, D. J., Sumi, T., Suzuki, D., Tristram, P. J., Yamada, T., Yonehara, A., Bryden, G., Howell, S. B., Jacklin, S., Penny, M. T., Mao, S., Fouque, Pascal, Wang, T., Street, R. A., Tsapras, Y., Hundertmark, M., Bachelet, E., Dominik, M., Li, Z., Cross, S., Cassan, A., Horne, K., Schmidt, R., Wambsganss, J., Ment, S. K., Maoz, D., Snodgrass, C., Steele, I. A., Bozza, V., Burgdorf, M. J., Ciceri, S., D'Ago, G., Evans, D. F., Hinse, T. C., Kerins, E., Kokotanekova, R., Longa, P., MacKenzie, J., Popovas, A., Rabus, M., Rahvar, S., Sejadian, S., Skottfelt, J., Southworth, J., and von Essen, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery of OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb, which is likely to be the first Spitzer microlensing planet in the Galactic bulge/bar, an assignation that can be confirmed by two epochs of high-resolution imaging of the combined source-lens baseline object. The planet's mass M_p= 13.4+-0.9 M_J places it right at the deuterium burning limit, i.e., the conventional boundary between "planets" and "brown dwarfs". Its existence raises the question of whether such objects are really "planets" (formed within the disks of their hosts) or "failed stars" (low mass objects formed by gas fragmentation). This question may ultimately be addressed by comparing disk and bulge/bar planets, which is a goal of the Spitzer microlens program. The host is a G dwarf M_host = 0.89+-0.07 M_sun and the planet has a semi-major axis a~2.0 AU. We use Kepler K2 Campaign 9 microlensing data to break the lens-mass degeneracy that generically impacts parallax solutions from Earth-Spitzer observations alone, which is the first successful application of this approach. The microlensing data, derived primarily from near-continuous, ultra-dense survey observations from OGLE, MOA, and three KMTNet telescopes, contain more orbital information than for any previous microlensing planet, but not quite enough to accurately specify the full orbit. However, these data do permit the first rigorous test of microlensing orbital-motion measurements, which are typically derived from data taken over <1% of an orbital period., Comment: 63 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables, AJ, in press

Published
2017
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8. RoboTAP - target priorities for robotic microlensing observations

Author

Hundertmark, M., Street, R. A., Tsapras, Y., Bachelet, E., Dominik, M., Horne, K., Bozza, V., Bramich, D. M., Cassan, A., D'Ago, G., Jaimes, R. Figuera, Kains, N., Ranc, C., Schmidt, R. W., Snodgrass, C., Wambsganss, J., Steele, I. A., Mao, S., Ment, K., Menzies, J., Li, Z., Cross, S., Maoz, D., and Shvartzvald, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. The ability to automatically select scientifically-important transient events from an alert stream of many such events, and to conduct follow-up observations in response, will become increasingly important in astronomy. With wide-angle time domain surveys pushing to fainter limiting magnitudes, the capability to follow-up on transient alerts far exceeds our follow-up telescope resources, and effective target prioritization becomes essential. The RoboNet-II microlensing program is a pathfinder project which has developed an automated target selection process (RoboTAP) for gravitational microlensing events which are observed in real-time using the Las Cumbres Observatory telescope network. Aims. Follow-up telescopes typically have a much smaller field-of-view compared to surveys, therefore the most promising microlens- ing events must be automatically selected at any given time from an annual sample exceeding 2000 events. The main challenge is to select between events with a high planet detection sensitivity, aiming at the detection of many planets and characterizing planetary anomalies. Methods. Our target selection algorithm is a hybrid system based on estimates of the planet detection zones around a microlens. It follows automatic anomaly alerts and respects the expected survey coverage of specific events. Results. We introduce the RoboTAP algorithm, whose purpose is to select and prioritize microlensing events with high sensitivity to planetary companions. In this work, we determine the planet sensitivity of the RoboNet follow-up program and provide a working example of how a broker can be designed for a real-life transient science program conducting follow-up observations in response to alerts, exploring the issues that will confront similar programs being developed for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) and other time domain surveys., Comment: 13 pages, 14 figures

Published
2017
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11. Engineering and Science Highlights of the KAT-7 Radio Telescope

Author

Foley, A. R., Alberts, T., Armstrong, R P., Barta, A., Bauermeister, E. F., Bester, H., Blose, S., Booth, R. S., Botha, D. H., Buchner, S. J., Carignan, C., Cheetham, T., Cloete, K., Coreejes, G., Crida, R. C., Cross, S. D., Curtolo, F., Dikgale, A., de Villiers, M. S., Toit, L. J. du, Esterhuyse, S. W. P., Fanaroff, B., Fender, R. P., Fijalkowski, M., Fourie, D., Frank, B., George, D., Gibbs, P., Goedhart, S., Grobbelaar, J., Gumede, S. C., Herselman, P., Hess, K. M., Hoek, N., Horrell, J., Jonas, J. L., Jordaan, J. D. B., Julie, R., Kapp, F., Kotzé, P., Kusel, T., Langman, A., Lehmensiek, R., Liebenberg, D., Liebenberg, I. J. V., Loots, A., Lord, R. T., Lucero, D. M., Ludick, J., Macfarlane, P., Madlavana, M., Magnus, L., Magozore, C., Malan, J. A., Manley, J. R., Marais, L., Marais, N., Marais, S. J., Maree, M., Martens, A., Mokone, O., Moss, V., Mthembu, S., New, W., Nicholson, G. D., van Niekerk, P. C., Oozeer, N., Passmoor, S. S., Peens-Hough, A., Pińska, A. B., Prozesky, P., Rajan, S., Ratcliffe, S., Renil, R., Richter, L. L., Rosekrans, D., Rust, A., Schröder, A. C., Schwardt, L. C., Seranyane, S., Serylak, M., Shepherd, D. S., Siebrits, R., Sofeya, L., Spann, R., Springbok, R., Swart, P. S., Thondikulam, Venkatasubramani L., Theron, I. P., Tiplady, A., Toruvanda, O., Tshongweni, S., Heever, L. van den, van der Merwe, C., van Rooyen, R., Wakhaba, S., Walker, A. L., Welz, M., Williams, L., Wolleben, M., Woudt, P. A., Young, N. J., and Zwart, J. T. L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The construction of the KAT-7 array in the Karoo region of the Northern Cape in South Africa was intended primarily as an engineering prototype for technologies and techniques applicable to the MeerKAT telescope. This paper looks at the main engineering and scien- tific highlights from this effort, and discusses their applicability to both MeerKAT and other next-generation radio telescopes. In particular we found that the composite dish surface works well, but it becomes complicated to fabricate for a dish lacking circular symmetry; the Stir- ling cycle cryogenic system with ion pump to achieve vacuum works but demands much higher maintenance than an equivalent Gifford-McMahon cycle system; the ROACH (Recon- figurable Open Architecture Computing Hardware)-based correlator with SPEAD (Stream- ing Protocol for Exchanging Astronomical Data) protocol data transfer works very well and KATCP (Karoo Array Telescope Control Protocol) control protocol has proven very flexible and convenient. KAT-7 has also been used for scientific observations where it has a niche in mapping low surface-brightness continuum sources, some extended HI halos and OH masers in star-forming regions. It can also be used to monitor continuum source variability, observe pulsars, and make VLBI observations

Published
2016
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17. Decision-making about uptake and engagement with digital mental health services: a qualitative exploration of service user perspectives.

Author

Fisher, A., Corrigan, E., Cross, S., Ryan, K., Staples, L., Tan, R., Titov, N., and Dear, B. F.

Subjects
ANXIETY treatment, RESEARCH, TELEPSYCHIATRY, TELEPSYCHOLOGY, DIGITAL technology, RESEARCH methodology, CONSUMER attitudes, INTERVIEWING, CONCEPTUAL structures, QUALITATIVE research, DECISION making, MENTAL depression, RESEARCH funding, THEMATIC analysis, MEDICAL needs assessment, MENTAL health services
Abstract

Digital mental health services (DMHS) overcome many barriers to help-seeking. Yet, people's use and uptake of treatment with DMHSs varies considerably. This study explored service user perspectives on deciding to take up online assessment and treatment for anxiety and/or depression within a large national DMHS. Participants were 20 adults who had self-referred or were referred by a GP to an Australia-wide DMHS for psychological assessment (group 1), plus follow-up discussion of treatment/other service options with a therapist (group 2), plus enrolment into internet-delivered treatment with optional therapist guidance (group 3). Participants took part in one-to-one semi-structured interviews, with parallel question guides tailored to their group status. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using framework methods. Analyses yielded three interlinking themes. Theme 1 highlighted the "importance of the broader treatment context, and its interaction with DHMS"; Theme 2 drew attention to "how the internal service structure shapes decision-making"; Theme 3 focussed on "the scope and limitations of DMHS". Findings provide in-depth insights into service user decision-making around engagement with DMHS and can inform the development of interventions to support users to take up DMHS offerings that are best suited to their needs, preferences, and current circumstances. What is already known about this topic: Digital mental health services (DMHSs) bypass many of the barriers to treatment-seeking DMHS users vary in how and the extent to which they engage with digital treatments. There is limited understanding of factors influencing user decisions to uptake and engage with DMHS. What this topic adds: Service user attitudes and experiences, the DMHS's internal structure and service delivery model, and the broader treatment landscape including external health professionals, all appear to shape user decision-making. Identified themes align with constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, namely intervention characteristics; outer setting; inner setting;and characteristics of individuals. Consistent with models of shared decision-making, service users value the role of therapists in supporting active and informed decision-making around uptake and engagement with the DMHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Multistable Pulse-like Solutions in a Parametrically Driven Ginzburg-Landau Equation

Author

Barashenkov, I. V., Cross, S., and Malomed, Boris A.

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons
Abstract

It is well known that pulse-like solutions of the cubic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation are unstable but can be stabilised by the addition of quintic terms. In this paper we explore an alternative mechanism where the role of the stabilising agent is played by the parametric driver. Our analysis is based on the numerical continuation of solutions in one of the parameters of the Ginzburg-Landau equation (the diffusion coefficient $c$), starting from the nonlinear Schr\"odinger limit (for which $c=0$). The continuation generates, recursively, a sequence of coexisting stable solutions with increasing number of humps. The sequence "converges" to a long pulse which can be interpreted as a bound state of two fronts with opposite polarities., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures; to appear in PRE

Published
2003
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29. EP08.02-108 Osimertinib Long-Term Tolerability in Patients with EGFRm NSCLC Enrolled in the AURA Program or FLAURA Study

Author

Garassino, M.C., primary, He, Y., additional, Ahn, M.-J., additional, Orlov, S., additional, Potter, V., additional, Kato, T., additional, Laskin, J., additional, Voon, P.J., additional, Reungwetwattana, T., additional, Ramalingam, S., additional, Wu, Y.-L., additional, Albayaty, M., additional, Cross, S., additional, Huang, X., additional, Kulkarni, D., additional, and Cho, B.C., additional

Published
2022
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33. Lung abnormalities depicted with hyperpolarized Xenon MRI in patients with Long COVID

Author

Grist, J.T., Collier, G.J., Walters, H., Kim, M., Chen, M., Abu Eid, G., Laws, A., Matthews, V., Jacob, K., Cross, S., Eves, A., Durant, M., Mcintyre, A., Thompson, R., Schulte, R.F., Raman, B., Robbins, P.A., Wild, J.M., Fraser, E., and Gleeson, F.

Abstract

Background\ud \ud Post-Covid-19 condition describes symptoms following COVID-19 infection after four weeks. Symptoms are wide-ranging but breathlessness is common.\ud \ud \ud \ud Purpose\ud \ud The purpose of this study was to determine whether the previously described lung abnormalities on Hp-XeMRI in post-hospitalised COVID-19 participants are also present in non-hospitalised participants with Post-Covid-19 condition.\ud \ud \ud \ud Methods\ud \ud In this prospective study, non-hospitalised Post-Covid-19 condition (NHLC) and post-hospitalised COVID-19 (PHC) participants were enrolled from 06/2020 to 08/2021. Participants had chest CT, hyperpolarized pulmonary 129Xenon MRI (Hp-XeMRI), pulmonary function tests, 1-minute sit-to-stand test and breathlessness questionnaires. Control subjects underwent HP-XeMRI only. CT scans were analysed for post COVID interstitial lung disease severity using a previously published scoring system, and Full-scale Airway Network (FAN) modelling. Analysis used group and pair-wise comparisons between participants and controls, and correlations between participant clinical and imaging data.\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud A total of 11 NHLC (4:7 Male: Female, 44 ± 11 years, [37-50], (mean ± SD, [95% CI]) and 12 PHC (10:2, Male: Female, 58 ± 10 years, [52-64]) participants were included, with a significant difference in age between groups, p = 0.05. NHLC participants were 287 ± 79, [240-334] and PHC 143 ± 72, [105-190] days from infection, respectively. NHLC and PHC participants had normal or near normal CT scans (0.3/25 ± 0.6, [0-0.63] and 7/25 ± 5, [4-10], respectively). Gas transfer (DLCO (%)) was different between NHLC and PHC participants (76 ± 8%, [73-83] vs 86 ± 8%, [80-91] respectively, p = 0.04) but there was no evidence of other differences in lung function. Red Blood Cell:Tissue Plasma (RBC:TP) mean was different between volunteers vs PHC (0.45 ± 0.07, [0.43-0.47] vs (0.31 ± 0.10, [0.24-0.37], respectively, p = 0.02) and volunteers vs NHLC (0.37 ± 0.10, [0.31-0.44], p = 0.03) participants, but not between NHLC and PHC participants (p = 0.26). FAN results did not correlate with DLCO or Hp- XeMRI.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud \ud NHLC and PHC subjects showed Hp-XeMRI RBC:TP abnormalities, with NHLC participants demonstrating lower DLCO than PHC participants despite having normal CT scans.

Published
2022

36. Australian Parkinson's Genetics Study (APGS): Pilot (n=1532)

Author

Bivol, S, Mellick, GD, Gratten, J, Parker, R, Mulcahy, A, Mosley, PE, Poortvliet, PC, Campos, AI, Mitchell, BL, Garcia-Marin, LM, Cross, S, Ferguson, M, Lind, PA, Loesch-Mdzewska, Danuta, Visscher, PM, Medland, SE, Scherzer, CR, Martin, NG, and Rentería, ME

Subjects
110999 Neurosciences not elsewhere classified, FOS: Clinical medicine, 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified, 110399 Clinical Sciences not elsewhere classified, FOS: Health sciences, Uncategorized
Abstract

Purpose Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with progressive disability. While the precise aetiology is unknown, there is evidence of significant genetic and environmental influences on individual risk. The Australian Parkinson's Genetics Study seeks to study genetic and patient-reported data from a large cohort of individuals with PD in Australia to understand the sociodemographic, genetic and environmental basis of PD susceptibility, symptoms and progression. Participants In the pilot phase reported here, 1819 participants were recruited through assisted mailouts facilitated by Services Australia based on having three or more prescriptions for anti-PD medications in their Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme records. The average age at the time of the questionnaire was 64±6 years. We collected patient-reported information and sociodemographic variables via an online (93% of the cohort) or paper-based (7%) questionnaire. One thousand five hundred and thirty-two participants (84.2%) met all inclusion criteria, and 1499 provided a DNA sample via traditional post. Findings to date 65% of participants were men, and 92% identified as being of European descent. A previous traumatic brain injury was reported by 16% of participants and was correlated with a younger age of symptom onset. At the time of the questionnaire, constipation (36% of participants), depression (34%), anxiety (17%), melanoma (16%) and diabetes (10%) were the most reported comorbid conditions. Future plans We plan to recruit sex-matched and age-matched unaffected controls, genotype all participants and collect non-motor symptoms and cognitive function data. Future work will explore the role of genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of PD susceptibility, onset, symptoms, and progression, including as part of international PD research consortia.

Published
2022
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38. Virtual screening identifies broad-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitors with activity on clinically relevant serine- and metallo-carbapenemases

Author

Spyrakis, F., Santucci, M., Maso, L., Cross, S., Gianquinto, E., Sannio, F., Verdirosa, F., De Luca, F., Docquier, J. D., Cendron, L., Tondi, D., Venturelli, A., Cruciani, G., and Costi, M. P.

Subjects
Virtual screening, Protein Conformation, Tetrazoles, lcsh:Medicine, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Crystallography, X-Ray, Ligands, Article, beta-Lactamases, Databases, Bacterial Proteins, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Databases, Protein, Drug Design, Drug Discovery, Escherichia coli, Hydrolysis, Molecular Docking Simulation, Protein Binding, Recombinant Proteins, Semicarbazides, Serine, Sulfhydryl Compounds, Sulfonamides, beta-Lactamase Inhibitors, polycyclic compounds, lcsh:Science, Crystallography, Drug discovery, Protein, lcsh:R, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, X-Ray, lcsh:Q
Abstract

Bacteria are known to evade β-lactam antibiotic action by producing β-lactamases (BLs), including carbapenemases, which are able to hydrolyze nearly all available β-lactams. The production of BLs represents one of the best known and most targeted mechanisms of resistance in bacteria. We have performed the parallel screening of commercially available compounds against a panel of clinically relevant BLs: class A CTX-M-15 and KPC-2, subclass B1 NDM-1 and VIM-2 MBLs, and the class C P. aeruginosa AmpC. The results show that all BLs prefer scaffolds having electron pair donors: KPC-2 is preferentially inhibited by sulfonamide and tetrazole-based derivatives, NDM-1 by compounds bearing a thiol, a thiosemicarbazide or thiosemicarbazone moiety, while VIM-2 by triazole-containing molecules. Few broad-spectrum BLs inhibitors were identified; among these, compound 40 potentiates imipenem activity against an NDM-1-producing E. coli clinical strain. The binary complexes of the two most promising compounds binding NDM-1 and VIM-2 were obtained at high resolution, providing strong insights to improve molecular docking simulations, especially regarding the interaction of MBLs with inhibitors.

Published
2020

40. 'They created a team of almost entirely the people who work and are like them': A qualitative study of organisational culture and racialised inequalities among healthcare staff

Author

Woodhead, C., Stoll, N., Harwood, H., Alexis, O., Hatch, S. L., Bora-White, M., Chui, Z., Clifford, N., Connor, L., Ehsan, A., Ensum, L., Gunasinghe, C., MacCrimmon, S., Meriez, P., Morgan, A., Jones Nielsen, J. D., Onwumere, J., Rhead, R., Stanley, N., Chandola, T., Coghill, Y., Creary, N., Cross, S., Dyer, J., Irwin, W., Khunti, K., Mir, G., Morriss, R., Marie Rafferty, A., Saddler, J., Stevelink, S., Valmaggia, L., and Team TIDES Study

Subjects
HT, Health (social science), Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Bullying, Humans, Workplace, Delivery of Health Care, Organizational Culture, RA, Qualitative Research
Abstract

Racially and ethnically minoritised healthcare staff groups disproportionately experience and witness workplace discrimination from patients, colleagues and managers. This is visible in their under-representation at senior levels and over-representation in disciplinary proceedings and is associated with adversities such as greater depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, low job satisfaction and sickness absence. In the UK, little progress has been made despite the implementation of measures to tackle racialised inequities in the health services. So, what is it about the health service organisational context which shapes and maintains such inequities, and what role does discrimination, bullying and harassment play? Drawing on qualitative interviews with 48 healthcare staff in London (UK), we identify how micro-level bullying, prejudice, discrimination and harassment behaviours, independently and in combination, exploit and maintain meso-level racialised hierarchies. Within teams, the high diversity-low inclusion dynamic shaped and was perpetuated by in- and outgroup inclusion and exclusion processes (including "insidious dismissal") often employing bullying or microaggressions. These were linked to intersecting factors, such as race, ethnicity, migration, language and religion, and could increase segregation. For racially and ethnically minoritised groups, ingroup maintenance, moving teams or leaving were also ways of coping with organisational inequities. We discuss implications for tackling racialised workplace inequities.

Published
2021

45. Persistent Postpartum Pain – A Somatic and Psychologic Perfect Storm

Author

Horvath B, Kloesel B, and Cross SN

Subjects
persistent pain, postpartum, risk factors, analgesia, labor, delivery, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Balazs Horvath,1,2 Benjamin Kloesel,3 Sarah N Cross4 1Department of Anesthesiology, St. Vincent’s Medical Center, Bridgeport, CT, USA; 2Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Children’s Minnesota Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 4Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USACorrespondence: Balazs HorvathDepartment of Anesthesiology, St. Vincent’s Medical Center, Bridgeport, CT, USA, Tel +612 624-9990, Email bhorvath@umn.eduAbstract: Persistent postpartum pain is common and has a complex etiology. It has both somatic and psychosocial provoking factors and has both functional and psychological ramifications following childbirth. Pain that limits the functional capacity of a person who has the daunting task to take care of all the demands of managing a growing newborn and infant can have debilitating consequences for several people simultaneously. We will review the incidence of persistent postpartum pain, analyze the risk factors, and discuss obstetric, anesthetic, and psychological tools for prevention and management. Based on the current knowledge, early antenatal screening and management is described as the most likely measure to identify patients at risk for persistent postpartum pain. Such antenatal management should be based on the close collaboration between obstetricians, anesthesiologists, and psychologists to tailor peripartum pain management and psychological support-based individual needs.Keywords: persistent pain, postpartum, risk factors, analgesia, labor, delivery

Published
2024

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