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The goal of this study was to investigate the practices and attitudes of the research and teaching staff at the University of Split (Croatia) about the online encyclopedia Wikipedia. The method of a questionnaire-based survey was used to gain insights related to this topic. During February 2024, the survey was completed by 226 respondents. The results show that almost all respondents read Wikipedia articles and believe that the level of their accuracy is quite high. Almost half of the respondents strongly agree with the statement that it would be desirable for faculty staff to write Wikipedia articles with the aim of spreading knowledge about topics from their professional fields. However, a very small number of respondents participated in writing articles for Wikipedia. Also, the respondents answered that to them, the greatest motivations to write articles on Wikipedia would be if this activity were evaluated for the advancement to a higher work position and the correction of errors in Wikipedia articles. It was also found that most respondents are not very familiar with how Wikipedia works or how to add new content to it. These and other insights from this study can be used to conceive and initiate various activities that can contribute to greater participation of scientific and teaching staff of higher education institutions in writing quality content on Wikipedia, as well as activities that can contribute to a better familiarization with the principles and procedures to write and enhance its content. Other research methods, such as interviews with scientific and teaching staff of higher education institutions, could be used to acquire further, more detailed answers related to this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reviewed book Place Names in the South-West of Široki Brig: Toponyms of the Rasno Cadastral District in 1891 (Villages of Rasno, Dužice, Privalj and Čerigaj), authored by Marinka Šimić and Ivan Dugandžić, presents a comprehensive analysis of the toponymy within a specific area of Western Herzegovina. The authors meticulously examined over 18 thousand names of land plots documented in cadastral records, identifying more than 2 thousand distinct names, which are introduced here for the first time into scholarly discussion. Alongside etymological insights and analyses of toponymic motivations and microtoponyms, the study provides detailed descriptions of referents. Primary sources used for this investigation include census records of the Turkish conquerors, various cartographic sources such as maps from the Venetian Republic and Austro-Hungarian maps, as well as land registers from 1891 and 1961, cadastral maps, and information gathered from informants during fieldwork in the villages of Rasno, Dužice, Privalj, and Čerigaj. Additionally, the authors incorporate their own knowledge, personal experiences, and memories. The review highlights the pioneering work of M. Šimić and I. Dugandžić in documenting the toponymy of the southwestern region of Široki Brijeg, laying the groundwork for further in-depth studies of the entire area’s toponymy. This book is a valuable resource for linguists, historians, folklorists, ethnographers, anthropologists, and scholars in related disciplines.

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Slawistik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article addresses the revernacularization or reduction of the use-value of the standard Croatian language within the scientific and academic system. A bibliometric analysis of 1,152 academic papers was conducted on the sample of the selected Croatian journals in sociology and philology (Croatian studies). A longitudinal approach was used, analyzing all issues of the included journals in the periods 1996 to 1999, 2006 to 2009, and 2016 to 2019. Unlike in the 1990s, the selected journals were in later periods exposed to internationalization by being included in relevant international databases for scientific research. This article aims to investigate whether and how this process has affected the revernacularization of the Croatian language. The results show a similar absolute number of papers written in Croatian within the periods analyzed, and also a decrease in their relative number (share). In the period from 2016, a marked increase in the number of papers written in English was observed, as well as in the number of foreign authors. Such papers mostly do not address the topics of Croatian society. The results indicate an intensified internationalization of the analyzed journals, but not revernacularization. The mentioned trend can, nevertheless, lead to revernacularization with increasing international recognition of the journals, the continued promotion of publication in foreign languages, and a more rigorous policy of academic advancement in Croatia. In this sense, this study considers the need for preserving the standard Croatian language within the academic system, bringing both into a relationship with the widely promoted model of endogenous social development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All verbal forms in the Croatian language can be derived from two basic forms: the infinitive and the present stems. In this paper, we present a neural computation model that takes a verb in an infinitive form and finds a mapping to a present form. The same model can be applied vice-versa, i.e. map a verb from its present form to its infinitive form. Knowing the present form of a given verb, one can deduce its inflections using grammatical rules. We experiment with our model on the Croatian language, which belongs to the Slavic group of languages. The model learns a classifier through these two classification tasks and uses class activation mapping to find characters in verbs contributing to classification. The model detects patterns that follow established grammatical rules for deriving the present stem form from the infinitive stem form and vice-versa. If mappings can be found between such slots, the rest of the slots can be deduced using a rule-based system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report results from children learning to read in one of four different languages: Croatian, English, Estonian and Swedish. The languages all have an alphabetical script but vary greatly on the dimension deep-shallow (or complexity-simplicity, or opacity-transparency), i.e., how close orthography and phonology are related. These languages also vary in the complexity and type of grammatical structure. We used tasks to measure phonological awareness, morpho-syntactic processing, word and pseudoword identification speed, working memory, and reading comprehension. In English, Swedish, and Croatian, fluency was the most significant predictor of reading comprehension. In Estonian, morpho-syntactic awareness was the most significant predictor, although reading fluency was a close second. Fluency was of primary importance in reading comprehension because the limitations of working memory result in fast decay of input information. Therefore, it is important to read with fluency for proper text comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the Croatian translation of Enzo Bettiza's autobiography, Esilio ("The Exile"), originally written in Italian, is analysed. Bettiza, himself bilingual (Italian, Croatian), was born in pre-war Split and lived in Dalmatia until 1945. His autobiographical accounts describe the Split of 1930s as a multicultural and multilingual space but at the same time, implicitly, demonstrate how multilingualism (including the use of linguonyms) can be disputed and defined as a means of nationalism and colonialism, which is proved by the analysis of fierce discussions about this book in Croatia. It is demonstrated in this article how multilingualism is represented both in the source and target languages, Italian and Croatian, and what consequences it has for the process of mediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Obnovljeni zivot is the property of University of Zagreb, Society of Jesus and Faculty of Philosophy & Religious Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The focus of this paper are English words and phrases used in Croatian which, unlike loanwords, have not undergone major adaptations at the orthographic, phonetic, or other levels apart from being influenced by the inflectional system of the recipient language. A list of English words in Croatian corpora was compiled using automatic algorithm extraction, corpus query language in Sketch Engine, and manual word list evaluation with the end goal of publishing the first comprehensive online database of English words in Croatian. The ENGRI corpus of Croatian was created by web crawling procedure and used together with the existing Croatian hrWaC 2.2 RFTagger corpus to produce a list of English words and phrases. In this paper, word list compilation issues are discussed in relation to both general issues encountered in the study of interlingual lexical types (such as false cognates, antonomasia, and polysemy) as well as Croatian‐specific language properties such as its inflectional system and diacritical marks. In conclusion, we propose that manual evaluation is an indispensable method and a necessary complement to computational linguistic tools in the creation of word lists and databases of foreign words in other languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a novel approach to the creation and application of confusion matrices for error pattern discovery in spellchecking for the Croatian language. The experimental dataset has been derived from a corpus of mistyped words and user corrections collected since 2008 using the Croatian spellchecker available at ispravi.me. The important role of confusion matrices in enhancing the precision of spellcheckers, particularly within the diverse linguistic context of the Croatian language, is investigated. Common causes of spelling errors, emphasizing the challenges posed by diacritic usage, have been identified and analyzed. This research contributes to the advancement of spellchecking technologies and provides a more comprehensive understanding of linguistic details, particularly in languages with diacritic-rich orthographies, like Croatian. The presented user-data-driven approach demonstrates the potential for custom spellchecking solutions, especially considering the ever-changing dynamics of language use in digital communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study is to analyze the reception of the first collection of stories and short stories by A.P. Chekhov, translated into Croatian and published in 1905. The preface of this edition, written by journalist and translator Martin Lovrenčević, holds particular importance. In his endeavor to provide a more detailed biography of the Russian writer, Lovrenčević compiles scattered information that had been regularly published in essays and articles by well-known and anonymous critics in Russian and Croatian periodicals between 1886 and 1904. Lovrenčević also relies on data published in the Russian press in 1904-1905, recollections of Chekhov's friends and relatives, and introduces Croatian readers to previously unknown facts of his personal life. The analysis showed that the biography compiled by Lovrenčević, along with his translations of novellas and stories featured in the collection, as well as his consideration of Anton Chekhov's prose and drama, represents a continuation of the efforts made by the first creative intermediaries, who since the mid-1880s introduced Croatian readers to the Russian writer and his works.

Today's children are growing up and spending most of their free time with media, especially social networks, on which various lifestyles are imposed every day, including ideals of beauty that are often based on physical appearance and far from authentic images of the observed object. In this paper, it is shown how the topic of beauty is presented throughout the history of art, with a special focus on the presentation of beauty in theology. Additionally, the paper investigates how much the topic of beauty is treated within the Croatian formal education system, with a particular emphasis on the representation of beauty and to what extent children are prepared to critically evaluate the representation of beauty in different types of media, but also to reflect on the potential impact of such content on themselves. Research has shown that most such content is present in the subjects of Visual Culture, Visual Arts, Croatian Language and Informatics. The paper also presents such contents in the Catholic religious education curricula. In addition to imposed media ideals of beauty affecting childrens' self-confidence, they are often the subject of peer violence, especially in the virtual world. Specifically, humiliation based on physical appearance is a common form of cyberbullying. To determine how physical appearance is used in such unacceptable behavior among children, all the posts that have arrived on UHO, the first online platform for the prevention of cyberbullying in Croatia, were analyzed. Research has shown that girls report such forms of abuse more often than boys, that cyberbullying based on appearance most often occurs inside closed groups or private messages rather than publicly on social networks, and that children rarely report to adults that they are the victims of such forms of violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Croatica et Slavica Iadertina is the property of University of Zadar, Department of Croatian & Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Croatica et Slavica Iadertina is the property of University of Zadar, Department of Croatian & Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kroatologija is the property of University of Zagreb, Centre for Croatian Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kroatologija is the property of University of Zagreb, Centre for Croatian Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kroatologija is the property of University of Zagreb, Centre for Croatian Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Language Problems & Language Planning is the property of John Benjamins Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Filologija is the property of Croatian Academy of Sciences & Arts (HAZU) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Filologija is the property of Croatian Academy of Sciences & Arts (HAZU) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HUM: Journal of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Mostar is the property of University of Mostar, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Personal narratives are monological stories based on a personal experience that help children explain and understand their emotional states, as well as process positive and negative experiences. The aim of this study was to identify age- and emotion-related traits of lexical and grammatical abilities and coherence of personal stories produced by school-aged children between 7 and 13 years. Methods: A total of 60 typically developing children, speakers of Croatian, were stratified into three groups according to age. Using the Global TALES protocol, each child was asked to produce six personal stories prompted by different emotional states. The personal narratives were analysed using measures of lexical diversity (lemma-token ratio and number of different words), productivity (total number of words), and syntactic complexity (mean length of utterances and clausal density). Based on the Narrative Coherence Coding Scheme, three coherence dimensions (context, chronology, and theme) were rated. Results: Age group was shown to explain 18% of the variance in the ability to produce personal narratives. Personal narratives elicited through positive prompts were overall more lexically diverse but were significantly less elaborated chronologically and thematically than negative and neutral narratives. Conclusion: This study showed that coherence of the produced stories was connected with the child's lexicon and that both variables – lexicon and coherence – were influenced by emotional valence of the story. In contrast, grammatical aspects of the narrative were influenced only by age. Finally, it is possible to state that the Global TALES protocol is sensitive enough to capture specificities of creating personal stories, both developmental ones and those created under the influence of the emotional valence of the prompts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies find a deterioration in reading attitudes. This is worrying since research suggest that attitudes are key in developing reading comprehension. The aim of this study was, hence, to examine the relationship between the amount of school reading experience, beliefs about reading outcomes and reading attitudes. The theoretical framework was based on McKenna's model of reading attitudes acquisition, with a focus on context of the Croatian language classes. Sample of 3918 gymnasium graduates from Croatia (73.4% female) completed the survey. The results show that the reading experience is associated with reading attitudes directly and via mediation of reading beliefs. Students who participated in more reading activities in the classes had more positive beliefs about reading, which contributed to more favorable attitudes. This is an important input in understanding reading since these elements of the McKenna model were not widely confirmed. The results also highlight the importance of diverse reading curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines semantic features and functions of free relative clauses with pronominal relativizers, represented in the Croatian Glagolitic folk medicine books from the 14th, 15th and 18th centuries. Prediction, projection and topicality are singled out as central conceptual and functional features of the expressions studied. The examples are interpreted from the aspect of construction grammar and the pragmatic aspect, and therefore a schematic representation of mental spaces forming the basis for the selected relative clauses has been constructed using the methodology presented in Dancygier and Sweetser (2005). The expressions studied are also viewed in the context of the titling function, as well as in the context of all relative clauses in the studied corpus and have therefore also been linked to the specific features of the text type and certain diachronic changes in their use have been observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does the Presuppositional Imperfective Exist in Russian (and Slavic)? This paper discusses data which are problematic for the hypothesis that the presupposition that an action has taken place directly motivates the use of the imperfective aspect in statements of fact in Russian, and by extension in other Slavic languages. It argues that while imperfective statements of fact occur in presuppositional contexts, such usage is instead motivated by particular semantic elements/discourse effects, such as the construal of a situation as an aterminative process or as repeatable, construals which also motivate non-presuppositional imperfective statements of fact. Similarly, it discusses cases of presuppositional perfective usage, which are likewise triggered by semantic elements that have been independently motivated for non-presuppositional perfective usage. It is further suggested that presuppositional imperfectives can be explained as cases in which the speaker ignores the original causal chain of an action and mentions the event with some orthogonal purposes in mind. In contrast, the perfective tracks the event in its originally intended causal chain. Lastly, it presents data indicating that presuppositional imperfectives in Czech and Croatian reflect the construal of an action as a process. Czy w języku rosyjskim (i słowiańszczyźnie) istnieje imperfektyw presupozycyjny? W artykule omówiono dane, które są problematyczne z punktu widzenia hipotezy, że presupozycja, iż działanie miało miejsce, bezpośrednio motywuje użycie aspektu niedokonanego w stwierdzeniach faktu w języku rosyjskim, a tym samym w innych językach słowiańskich. Autor argumentuje, że imperfektywne stwierdzenia faktu występują w kontekstach presupozycyjnych, a takie użycie jest motywowane przez określone elementy semantyczne / efekty dyskursu, takie jak interpretacja sytuacji jako procesu aterminatywnego lub powtarzalnego, co również motywuje niepresupozycyjne imperfektywne stwierdzenia faktu. Omówione zostały ponadto przypadki presupozycyjnego użycia perfektywnego, które także są wywoływane przez elementy semantyczne, które zostały niezależnie umotywowane dla użycia niepresupozycyjnego perfektywnego. Zasugerowano, że presupozycyjne imperfektywa można wyjaśnić jako przypadki, w których nadawca komunikatu ignoruje pierwotny łańcuch przyczynowy czynności i wspomina o zdarzeniu, mając na uwadze pewne niezależne cele. W przeciwieństwie do tego, perfektyw sytuuje akcję w jej pierwotnie zamierzonym łańcuchu przyczynowym. W zakończeniu przedstawiono dane wskazujące na fakt, iż imperfektywa presupozycyjne w języku czeskim i chorwackim odzwierciedlają rozumienie akcji jako procesu.

Synthetism and Analytism of Linguistic Units in Croatian-Polish Comparative Approach on the Example of Croatian Sudjelovati and Polish Take Part, Participate (Brać/Wziąć Udział, Uczestniczyć) The main aim of this paper is Croatian-Polish comparative analysis of analytical and syncretic units of language, which are semantic, inter-linguistic equivalents, on the example of Croatian verb sudjelovati and its Polish counterpart in the form of collocation brać/wziąć udział and the synonymous verb uczestniczyć. The semantic analysis was carried out in accordance with dictionary definitions for aforementioned linguistic units, and then they were compared with linguistic uses in the form of sentences excerpted from national Croatian and Polish corps. The analysis was supplemented with analytical and synthetic research of linguistic units and their inter-linguistic semantic and structural equivalence in administrative style on the basis of parallel Croatian-Polish textual corps of legal acts obtained from the base EurLex. The analysis showed that a meaning, however, is more important than a formal structure of linguistic unit, because, regardless of whether for example in Polish language, there was collocation or synthetic verb in a sentence, transferred content was convergent, in reference to inter-linguistic equivalence, with Croatian language. Discrepancies in translation, seen on the basis of parallel corps, resulted from syntax changes which were introduced in analysed texts by translators of EU law in Croatia and Poland. This analysis may be useful from the point of view of glottodidactics and translation. Syntetyzm i analityzm jednostek języka w ujęciu porównawczym chorwacko-polskim na przykładzie chorw. sudjelovati i pol. brać/wziąć udział, uczestniczyć Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza porównawcza chorwacko-polska analitycznych i syntetycznych jednostek języka będących semantycznymi ekwiwalentami międzyjęzykowymi na przykładzie chorwackiego czasownika sudjelovati i jego polskiego odpowiednika w postaci kolokacji brać/wziąć udział i synonimicznego czasownika uczestniczyć. Analiza semantyczna została przeprowadzona w oparciu o definicje słownikowe dla wskazanych jednostek języka, a następnie jej wyniki porównane z uzusem językowym w postaci zdań wyekscerpowanych z korpusów narodowych chorwackiego i polskiego. Analiza została uzupełniona o badanie analityczności i syntetyczności jednostek językowych oraz ich międzyjęzykowej ekwiwalencji semantycznej i strukturalnej w stylu administracyjnym na podstawie korpusu równoległego chorwacko-polskiego tekstów aktów prawnych pozyskanych z bazy Eur-Lex. Zostało wykazane, że od struktury formalnej jednostki języka ważniejsze jest znaczenie, gdyż niezależnie od tego, czy np. dla języka polskiego w zdaniu występowała kolokacja, czy czasownik syntetyczny, przekazana treść była zbieżna, również w odniesieniu do ekwiwalencji międzyjęzykowej z językiem chorwackim. Rozbieżności w przekładzie uwidocznione na podstawie korpusu równoległego wynikały ze zmian składniowych wprowadzanych do analizowanych tekstów przez tłumaczy prawa unijnego w Chorwacji i w Polsce.

Occasional short switches to creaky voice are common in spoken discourse of numerous languages without either the speakers or the recipients being highly aware of them, which is the reason the creaky voice phenomenon is, under the best of conditions, considered by them as a phenomenon of going down to very low or even the lowest part of their vocal range. In this paper, it is proposed that creaky voice when it comes to spoken conversations in German and Croatian serves as a short-term mechanism for a relatively delayed formation of completional prosodic patterns that, until the manifestation of the creaky voice, to that point also comprise, among other features, accents with rising or flat tonal components. Such completional patterns may accompany utterances that immediately precede the decision to allow the interlocutor to take turn, utterances that do not immediately precede it, or utterances that immediately precede a change in the speech act by the same speaker. The creaky voice, however, sometimes occurs in other sequences, i.e., within prosodic patterns without the accents bearing rising or flat components of the tonal movement, which is, however, considered as a result of an unintentional ''slipping'' into creaky voice due to the speaker's to low value of the subglottal pressure at the given moment.

Background: The prevalence of dysphagia in the early phases of multiple sclerosis is 30–40%, with an estimated of 30% of cases going undiagnosed cases. Such complications can lead to malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia and have a great impact on the quality of life and psychosocial status of a person with MS. The aim of this study was the validation of dysphagia in multiple sclerosis self-assessment questionnaire (DYMUS) in the Croatian language. Methods and patients: The cross-cultural adaptation process included a back-forward translation technique of the English language version of DYMUS to the Croatian language, with pilot testing on 30 participants. The validity and reliability of the Croatian version of DYMUS (DYMUS-Hr) was applied to 106 MS patients, with comparison to the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT10), the Water Swallowing Test (WST), and a dichotomous self-assessment question. In the assessment of test-retest reliability, 99 MS patients were included. Results: Internal consistency of DYMUS-Hr was very good (Cronbach's alpha—0.837); Cronbach's alpha was 0.819 for the "dysphagia for solids", and 0.562 for "dysphagia for liquids" subscale. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) was found between DYMUS-Hr and EAT10 (Spearman's rho—0.787), and WST (Spearman's rho—0.483). Construct validity was assessed with the self-assessment question and interpreted with the Mann–Whitney U test. Test-retest reliability showed moderate to substantial Cohen's Kappa reliability for each item. Conclusion: DYMUS-Hr is a valid and reliable screening assessment tool for patients with MS. There is a general lack of awareness about dysphagia symptoms among patients with MS; consequently, this disorder receives inadequate attention and often goes untreated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Katarina Katavić's book, "Povijest romskoga jezika i suvremeni ustroj" (History and Contemporary Structure of the Romani Language), offers a comprehensive historical grammar of the Romani language and its dialects. It combines information from various sources and introduces a new systematization and terminology for describing the structure of the language. The book covers phonetics, morphology, syntax, and lexicon, and includes original observations and interpretations. Although written in Croatian, it is a valuable contribution to Romani studies and would benefit from being translated into a more widely accessible language in the future. This report by Ivan Andrijanić highlights the book's innovative synthesis of Romani's historical grammar, along with a practical descriptive grammar. It would be of interest to library patrons researching the Romani language and its historical grammar. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper, we present recent developments on a new version (v3.0) of DirKorp (Korpus direktivnih govornih činova hrvatskoga jezika), the first Croatian corpus of directive speech acts developed for the purposes of pragmatic research. The corpus contains 800 elicited speech acts collected via an online questionnaire with role-playing tasks, a method of simulated communication that is implemented under pre-set conditions. This method is suitable for researching speech acts due to the ability to collect a great number of examples of such acts of equal propositional content and illocutionary purpose used in the same controlled situations. The presented situations are classified into two categories with regard to the relationship between the participants of the communication act: (1) situations involving interlocutors who are not in a familiar relationship; (2) situations involving interlocutors in a familiar relationship. Assignments of the two categories are organized into four pairs, asking respondents to share a speech act of similar propositional content. The respondents were 100 Croatian speakers, all undergraduate (63%) or graduate students (37%) of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences (University of Zagreb). The corpus has been manually annotated on the speech act level, each speech act containing up to 14 features: (1) respondent ID, (2) familiarity/unfamiliarity, (3) utterance type, (4) directive performative verb in 1st person, (5) illocutionary force, (6) propositional content, (7) T/V form, (8) exhortative, (9) lexical marker of request, (10) lexical marker of apology, (11) lexical marker of gratitude, (12) honorific title, (13) grammatical mood, and (14) modal verb in 2nd person. It contains 12,676 tokens and 1,692 types. The corpus is encoded according to the TEI P5: Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange, developed and maintained by the Text Encoding Initiative Consortium (TEI). DirKorp is available for download under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license from GitHub in TEI format. We describe applied pragmatic annotation as well as the structure of the corpus.

The article discusses a book titled "Glagoljica u Lovranu" by Ivana Eterović, which focuses on the Glagolitic heritage of Lovran, Croatia. The book is divided into three parts: epigraphy (inscriptions and graffiti), legal texts, and liturgical texts. It aims to research, document, and evaluate Lovran's contribution to the Croatian Glagolitic heritage, raise awareness about its importance, and promote the learning of Glagolitic script. The book includes descriptions of inscriptions, graffiti, and the Kvaderna kapitula lovranskoga, a significant Glagolitic monument. It also discusses other legal texts and the Slavic liturgy in Lovran. The book provides valuable insights into Lovran's cultural and national identity. [Extracted from the article]

This paper focuses on the history of the term cjepivo in Croatian lexicography, exploring its first records, creation, and development of meaning. The authors analyze its first appearances in lexicographic sources and periodicals from the second half of the 19th century, including the earliest terminological dictionaries, as well as later dictionaries and encyclopedias. The paper demonstrates how, soon after the revolutionary emergence of the concept of vaccination and vaccines, the Croatian language developed a term that did not rely on the loanword vakcina, which is used in many other Slavic languages. This research supports the idea that Croatian has a strong word-formation capabilities, particularly evident during the peak of its terminological development in the second half of the 19th century. Additionally, the paper provides an overview of the origin of the word vaccine in English, the language in which the term was coined and its wordformation cluster was developed. Finally, the paper presents new perspectives on the intended part of speech for the term vaccine by its creator, Edward Jenner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, focusing on three Croatian Glagolitic editions printed in Senj as examples, the authors attempt to form a clearer linguistic picture of the non-liturgical works printed at Senj's Glagolitic printing press, particularly in light of previously established conceptions of the 16th century Croatian literary language. Combining the vowel and consonant features of the Senj editions Korizmenjak, Mirakuli, and Naručnik, an effort was made to describe in detail the linguistic characteristics of the given level of description. At the same time, special attention was given to both Church Slavonic and vernacular (Čakavian) features. The analysis confirms that many of the described features are characteristic not only of the Čakavian of that time, but also of Croatian Church Slavonic. This indicates, on one hand, a tendency to preserve the literary tradition of the printed word, but on the other hand, also a confirmation of Čakavian phonological features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Suvremena Lingvistika is the property of Suvremena Lingvistika and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Croatica et Slavica Iadertina is the property of University of Zadar, Department of Croatian & Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In addition to a brief overview of the historical development of the Croatian language in the linguistic and sociolinguistic sense (as a literary and standard language), the paper attempts to examine its relationship to the languages of the Balkan linguistic area. Marginal presence of Balkan language features in Croatian is indicated, since Croatian territory is also geographically on the edge of the Balkans. But, since there has not been systematic research on this subject yet, the paper is merely an attempt to draw attention to some phenomena that might be interesting and to encourage further research and discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kroatologija is the property of University of Zagreb, Centre for Croatian Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Linguistica Asiatica is the property of Acta Linguistica Asiatica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Communication Management Review is the property of Edward Bernays University of Applied Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Individuals produce discourse for various purposes as part of their daily functioning. Therefore, the ability to form a discourse should be one of the main goals of functional speech-language therapy for persons with aphasia (PwA). In addition to assessing the language skills required to form a discourse, it is important to analyse how PwA form general ideas that need to be narrated. This study had two specific aims: (1) to investigate the ability of PwA, with special consideration to the stage of their recovery—the acute and the chronic phase—to form main concepts in a discourse, and (2) to examine the relationship between the number of main concepts and different types of language measures related to productivity, informativeness, and grammaticality in all tested groups. Participants included a total of 38 persons with mild and moderate aphasia (19 in the acute and 19 in the chronic phase of recovery) and 38 healthy speakers (HS) who were matched in age, gender, and level of education. In order to effectively compare the discourse produced by the groups, a single structured stimulus was used, whereby all participants were asked to orally describe a picture from the Croatian version of the Comprehensive Aphasia Test. Compared to the HS, the main concepts produced by PwA were different in number, as well as in terms of their accuracy and completeness. However, when analysing the success in the production of the main concepts with regard to the time post-stroke—acute and chronic—the difference was not confirmed, indicating great individual differences between PwA that undermine the differences on a group level. Linguistic measures of informativeness (CIUs and CIU/words) and only one measure of grammaticality (number of clauses) showed a significant correlation with the number of main concepts in PwA. When analysing correlations for PwA in the acute and chronic phases, only CIU showed a significant association with MC, confirming it as a robust measure of discourse production in PwA. PwA did not produce long and complex sentences, and they showed difficulties in the use of verbs and the marking of argument structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a unique and extensive dataset containing over 33 million entries with pairs in the form "spelling error → correction" from ispravi.me, the most popular Croatian online spellchecking service, collected since 2008. The dataset, compiled from the contribution of nearly 900,000 users, is a valuable resource for researchers and developers in the field of natural language processing (NLP), improving spellcheck accuracy, and language learning applications. The dataset may be used to accomplish several goals: (1) improving spellchecking accuracy by incorporating common user corrections and reducing false positives and negatives; (2) helping language learners identify common errors and learn correct spelling through targeted feedback; (3) analyzing data trends and patterns to uncover the most common spelling errors and their underlying causes; (4) identifying and evaluating factors that influence typing input; (5) improving NLP applications such as text recognition and machine translation. Tasks specific to the Croatian language include the creation of a letter-level confusion matrix and the refinement of word suggestions based on historical usage of the service. This comprehensive dataset provides researchers and practitioners with a wealth of information, opening the path for advancements in spellchecking, language learning, and NLP applications in the Croatian language. Dataset: https://github.com/Ispravi-Me/Dataset-of-Misspelings-and-Corrections Dataset License: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses and compares the principles of linguistic categorisation of terms of venery in the Croatian and Russian languages. Since the monolingual and bilingual dictionaries of the Croatian and Russian languages do not exhaustively describe restrictions or criteria for the use of nouns that denote animals with terms of venery, a corpus study was conducted on the collocations of terms of venery, which aimed to determine more precisely how terms of venery classify groups of animals in the examined languages. In total, the paper analysed the use of 10 Croatian and 10 Russian terms of venery in the corpus of the Croatian language hrWaC and the corpus of the Russian language ruTenTen11 using the Sketch Engine tool. The sample was obtained by excerpting monolingual dictionaries of the Russian and Croatian languages. The similarities and differences in the classification of animal classes and the terms of venery used with each are schematically represented by four tables in the paper, which can serve as an aid when translating from one language to the other. The analysis showed that terms of venery do not categorise all groups of animals, but those that interact closely with humans. Etymological and historical lexicographical sources were used in the paper, with the goal of determining how the lexical combination of venery terms changed and to what extent the meaning of lexemes affects the principles of classification. Three naming models of terms of venery were singled out, namely: metonymic shift, types of animal movement, and the shape formed by a group of animals in motion. Some naming models are also classification criteria by which animals are divided. Terms of venery classify the animal world in both studied languages according to whether the animals are adults or young, according to the manner of moving, belonging to a particular (super)class of animals, and some quantifiers cover only one type of animal. Terms of venery cover the analysed categories of animal species in different ways in the Russian and Croatian languages, but the principles of organisation for the categories are very similar.

The article introduces a comparative analysis of some interlingual variant formations in the linguistic structures of the Croatian and the Serbian literary languages. The general integration processes that occurred in the Slavic linguistic world in the XIX and the early second half of the XX centuries did not unite individual Slavic languages or their variants. By the end of the XX century, linguistic convergence was replaced by linguistic divergence. After the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the new states that arose in the post-Yugoslavian space fixed the status of Croatian and Serbian as official languages. At present, Croatian and Serbian have their own codified norms; they develop and function autonomously and independently in different ethnic cultures and states. The widening gap between the post-Yugoslavian states of Serbia and Croatia contributed to the interlingual divergence between these languages. Their linguistic structure has multiple differences at phonetic, phonological, grammatical, lexical, syntactic, and stylistic levels. This research showed that the most prominent differences occur at the lexical level. As for linguistic standardization and codification, the Croatian language reveals a prescriptive-descriptive approach to language regulation, while Serbian is characterized by a descriptive-prescriptive approach. The authors illustrate this conclusion by various intervariant or equivalent language units from parallel reference books and online discourse.

On the occasion of the quincentenary of the birth of the Istrian reformers, the famous Protestant theologian Matthias Flacius Illyricus (1520--1575) and Stephanus Consul Pinguentinus, Histrianus (1521--1579?), first translator of the New Testament into the Croatian language, analyzing the monographs of the Istrian polymath Mijo Mirković (1898--1963) dedicated to Flacius, the author elaborates in this essay the activity of the Istrian Protestants (Croatians, Slovenians and Italians) who, thanks to the emergence of "print capitalism" and "printed" languages, have contributed significantly to the spread of literacy and culture and to the creation of modern collective identities and "imagined communities". By presenting the multicultural and cosmopolitan character of the legacy of the Istrian reformers, the importance of international project cooperation in researching the phenomenon of reformation in Istria and in valorising the common European heritage was underlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of research in this paper are constructions with function verbs in the German language of the legal profession (Funktionsverbgefüge – FVG) as a linguistic phenomenon that is culturally conditioned. The authors strive to prove that these structures represent a challenge in understanding and translating legal texts from German into Croatian. As a complex structure whose verbal part has lost its original meaning, this construction often leads to misunderstanding and wrong translation of legal texts, which can lead to unwanted legal effects. This is well illustrated by the claim of our widely known legal translator Susan Šarčević: “Legal translation (...) leads to legal effects and may induce peace or prompt war.” The goal of this research is to shed light on the problems in understanding and translating such structures, to indicate to what extent the same structures are represented as their translation equivalents in the Croatian language, and which translation versions appear in Croatian as more stylistically acceptable solutions. The research corpus consists of examples of structures with functional verbs excerpted from the German Constitution (Grundgesetz) available on the website of the German Federal Ministry of Justice and their translation equivalents in the official translation of that law in the Croatian language by Nina Sokol. The results of the research will widen knowledge in the field of legal language translation, and their practical value is in elucidating the difficulties in understanding legal texts in German that Croatian scientists and students in the field of law encounter in their research and scientific work, as well as court interpreters and translators who deal with legal texts in their professional work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]