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2. CRIPTO’s multifaceted role in driving aggressive prostate cancer unveiled by in vivo, organoid, and patient data

Author

Rodrigues Sousa, Elisa, de Brot, Simone, Zoni, Eugenio, Zeinali, Soheila, Brunello, Andrea, Scarpa, Mario, De Menna, Marta, La Manna, Federico, Abey Alexander, Allen, Klima, Irena, Freeman, David W., Gates, Brooke L., Cristaldi, Domenico A., Guenat, Olivier T., Kruithof, Boudewijn P. T., Spike, Benjamin T., Chouvardas, Panagiotis, and Kruithof-de Julio, Marianna

Published
2024
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7. Embracing New Citizens: The Education of D/deaf Pupils in the Late Ottoman Empire

Author

Maria Pia Ester Cristaldi

Abstract

The process of reform of the education system of the Ottoman Empire during the nineteenth century was central for the establishment of new institutes for the less advantaged members of the society. Among these, special schools for D/deaf students stand out, not least because all the communities that were part of the Empire could be enrolled in these institutes. Allowing traditional school subjects to be taught to D/deaf people, the establishment of these schools represents a turning point in the history of the Ottoman education system. Through an analysis of the legal and historical framework that led to their institution, the aim of this article is to contextualise the schools for the D/deaf within the education policies of the Ottoman Empire from the second half of the nineteenth to the first decade of the twentieth century. Moreover, through an examination of their academic programmes, this article proposes to investigate the role of these institutions and their educational curricula in the attempt to make D/deaf people an active part of the Ottoman civil society.

Published
2024
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12. Caspase-8 activation by cigarette smoke induces pro-inflammatory cell death of human macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharide

Author

Cristaldi, Marta, Buscetta, Marco, Cimino, Maura, La Mensa, Agnese, Giuffrè, Maria Rita, Fiore, Luigi, Carcione, Claudia, Bucchieri, Fabio, Rappa, Francesca, Coronnello, Claudia, Sciaraffa, Nicolina, Amato, Santina, Aronica, Tommaso Silvano, Lo Iacono, Giovanna, Bertani, Alessandro, Pace, Elisabetta, and Cipollina, Chiara

Published
2023
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15. Posterior fossa syndrome in a population of children and young adults with medulloblastoma: a retrospective, multicenter Italian study on incidence and pathophysiology in a histologically homogeneous and consecutive series of 136 patients

Author

de Laurentis, Camilla, Cristaldi, Paola M. F., Rebora, Paola, Valsecchi, Maria Grazia, Biassoni, Veronica, Schiavello, Elisabetta, Carrabba, Giorgio G., Trezza, Andrea, DiMeco, Francesco, Ferroli, Paolo, Cinalli, Giuseppe, Locatelli, Marco, Cenzato, Marco, Talamonti, Giuseppe, Fontanella, Marco M., Spena, Giannatonio, Stefini, Roberto, Bernucci, Claudio, Bellocchi, Silvio, Locatelli, Davide, Massimino, Maura, and Giussani, Carlo

Published
2022
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16. 1D atmosphere models from inversion of Fe I 630 nm observations with an application to solar irradiance studies

Author

Cristaldi, A. and Ermolli, I.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Present-day semi-empirical models of solar irradiance (SI) variations employ spectra computed on one-dimensional atmosphere models (1D models) representative of various solar surface features to reconstruct SI changes measured on timescales greater than a day. Various recent studies have, however, pointed out that the spectra synthesized on 1D models do not reflect the radiative emission of the inhomogenous atmosphere revealed by high-resolution solar observations. We aimed to derive observational-based atmospheres from such observations and test their accuracy for SI estimates. We analysed spectro-polarimetric data of the Fe I 630 nm line pair on photospheric regions representative of the granular, quiet Sun pattern (QS) and of small- and large-scale magnetic features, both bright and dark with respect to the QS. The data were taken on 2011 August 6, with the CRISP at the Swedish Solar Telescope, under excellent seeing conditions. We derived atmosphere models of the observed regions from data inversion with the SIR code. We studied the sensitivity of results to spatial resolution and temporal evolution, and discussed the obtained atmospheres with respect to several 1D models. The atmospheres derived from our study agree well with most of the compared 1D models, both qualitatively and quantitatively (differences are within 10%), but for pore regions. Spectral synthesis computations on the atmosphere obtained from the QS observations return SI between 400 nm and 2400 nm that agrees, on average, within 2.2% with standard reference measurements, and within -0.14% with the SI computed on the quiet Sun atmosphere employed by the most advanced semi-empirical model of SI variations., Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2017
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21. Plasma flows and magnetic field interplay during the formation of a pore

Author

Ermolli, I., Cristaldi, A., Giorgi, F., Giannattasio, F., Stangalini, M., Romano, P., Tritschler, A., and Zuccarello, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We studied the formation of a pore in AR NOAA 11462. We analysed data obtained with the IBIS at the DST on April 17, 2012, consisting of full Stokes measurements of the Fe I 617.3 nm lines. Furthermore, we analysed SDO/HMI observations in the continuum and vector magnetograms derived from the Fe I 617.3 nm line data taken from April 15 to 19, 2012. We estimated the magnetic field strength and vector components and the LOS and horizontal motions in the photospheric region hosting the pore formation. We discuss our results in light of other observational studies and recent advances of numerical simulations. The pore formation occurs in less than 1 hour in the leading region of the AR. The evolution of the flux patch in the leading part of the AR is faster (< 12 hour) than the evolution (20-30 hour) of the more diffuse and smaller scale flux patches in the trailing region. During the pore formation, the ratio between magnetic and dark area decreases from 5 to 2. We observe strong downflows at the forming pore boundary and diverging proper motions of plasma in the vicinity of the evolving feature that are directed towards the forming pore. The average values and trends of the various quantities estimated in the AR are in agreement with results of former observational studies of steady pores and with their modelled counterparts, as seen in recent numerical simulations of a rising-tube process. The agreement with the outcomes of the numerical studies holds for both the signatures of the flux emergence process (e.g. appearance of small-scale mixed polarity patterns and elongated granules) and the evolution of the region. The processes driving the formation of the pore are identified with the emergence of a magnetic flux concentration and the subsequent reorganization of the emerged flux, by the combined effect of velocity and magnetic field, in and around the evolving structure., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2017
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22. Kinematics and Magnetic Properties of a Light Bridge in a Decaying Sunspot

Author

Falco, M., Borrero, J. M., Guglielmino, S. L., Romano, P., Zuccarello, F., Criscuoli, S., Cristaldi, A., Ermolli, I., Jafarzadeh, S., and van der Voort, L. Rouppe

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results obtained by analyzing high spatial and spectral resolution data of the solar photosphere acquired by the CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter at the Swedish Solar Telescope on 6 August 2011, relevant to a large sunspot with a light bridge (LB) observed in NOAA AR 11263. These data are complemented by simultaneous Hinode Spectropolarimeter (SP) observation in the Fe I 630.15 nm and 630.25 nm lines. The continuum intensity map shows a discontinuity of the radial distribution of the penumbral filaments in correspondence with the LB, which shows a dark lane (about 0.3" wide and about 8.0" long) along its main axis. The available data were inverted with the Stokes Inversion based on Response functions (SIR) code and physical parameters maps were obtained. The line-of-sight (LOS) velocity of the plasma along the LB derived from the Doppler effect shows motions towards and away from the observer up to 0.6 km/s, which are lower in value than the LOS velocities observed in the neighbouring penumbral filaments. The noteworthy result is that we find motions toward the observer up to 0.6 km/s in the dark lane where the LB is located between two umbral cores, while the LOS velocity motion toward the observer is strongly reduced where the LB is located between an umbral core at one side and penumbral filaments on the other side. Statistically, the LOS velocities correspond to upflows/downflows andcomparing these results with Hinode/SP data, we conclude that the surrounding magnetic field configuration (whether more or less inclined) could have a role in maintaining the conditions for the process of plasma piling up along the dark lane. The results obtained from our study support and confirm outcomes of recent magnetohydro-dynamic simulations showing upflows along the main axis of a LBs.

Published
2016
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31. Research and Activism about Girls' Education for Global Democracy: The Case of the Campaign 'Etna, Volcano of Peace,' Catania, Italy

Author

Cristaldi, Melita and Pampanini, Giovanni

Abstract

According to a progressive interpretation of human development, girls' education should form an integral part of a full democratic system. Nevertheless, girls' education is threatened and attacked in many ways in current societies, be they authoritarian or democratic societies, developing or developed ones. In this article the two authors, both educators and researchers in education in Catania, Sicily, introduce their educational activities regarding the defence and promotion of girls' education for development and social change. Three activities are at the core of their current, local and global commitment to the issue: continual seminars on Intercultural Geo-History (with a special focus on the ongoing wars), operating simultaneous Skype connections (the so-called "Orbital Classroom"); the Intercultural Prayer Against War; and the campaign "Etna, Volcano of Peace." The article provides some details and describes partial successes of these educational activities led by a consistent group of girls, and explains how the activities relate to both interculturalism and global democracy theory.

Published
2016
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35. Posterior fossa syndrome in a population of children and young adults with medulloblastoma: a retrospective, multicenter Italian study on incidence and pathophysiology in a histologically homogeneous and consecutive series of 136 patients

Author

de Laurentis, C, Cristaldi, P, Rebora, P, Valsecchi, M, Biassoni, V, Schiavello, E, Carrabba, G, Trezza, A, Dimeco, F, Ferroli, P, Cinalli, G, Locatelli, M, Cenzato, M, Talamonti, G, Fontanella, M, Spena, G, Stefini, R, Bernucci, C, Bellocchi, S, Locatelli, D, Massimino, M, Giussani, C, de Laurentis C., Cristaldi P. M. F., Rebora P., Valsecchi M. G., Biassoni V., Schiavello E., Carrabba G. G., Trezza A., DiMeco F., Ferroli P., Cinalli G., Locatelli M., Cenzato M., Talamonti G., Fontanella M. M., Spena G., Stefini R., Bernucci C., Bellocchi S., Locatelli D., Massimino M., Giussani C., de Laurentis, C, Cristaldi, P, Rebora, P, Valsecchi, M, Biassoni, V, Schiavello, E, Carrabba, G, Trezza, A, Dimeco, F, Ferroli, P, Cinalli, G, Locatelli, M, Cenzato, M, Talamonti, G, Fontanella, M, Spena, G, Stefini, R, Bernucci, C, Bellocchi, S, Locatelli, D, Massimino, M, Giussani, C, de Laurentis C., Cristaldi P. M. F., Rebora P., Valsecchi M. G., Biassoni V., Schiavello E., Carrabba G. G., Trezza A., DiMeco F., Ferroli P., Cinalli G., Locatelli M., Cenzato M., Talamonti G., Fontanella M. M., Spena G., Stefini R., Bernucci C., Bellocchi S., Locatelli D., Massimino M., and Giussani C.

Abstract

Introduction: Posterior fossa syndrome (PFS) is a set of debilitating complications that can occur after surgery for posterior fossa tumors. This study aimed to assess the preoperative radiological and surgical risk factors for the onset of PFS in a histologically homogeneous population of children with medulloblastoma and compare it to a similar population of young adults. Methods: Included patients underwent posterior fossa surgery for medulloblastoma at 11 Italian neurosurgical wards (2003–2019) and were referred to Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori in Milan (INT) for postoperative treatments. We collected patients’ pre- and post-operative clinical, surgical and radiological data from the INT charts. To compare the distribution of variables, we used the Mann–Whitney and Fisher tests for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Results: 136 patients (109 children and 27 young adults) were included in the study. Among children, 29 (27%) developed PFS, and all of them had tumors at midline site with invasion of the fourth ventricle. Radiological evidence of involvement of the right superior (39% versus 12%; p = 0.011) or middle cerebellar peduncles (52% versus 18%; p = 0.002) seemed more common in children who developed PFS. Young adults showed an expected lower incidence of PFS (4 out of 27; 15%), that may be due to anatomical, physiological and oncological elements. Conclusions: This study confirmed some factors known to be associated with PFS onset and shed light on other debated issues. Our findings enhance an already hypothesized role of cerebellar language lateralization. The analysis of a population of young adults may shed more light on the often-neglected existence of PFS in non-pediatric patients.

Published
2022

36. 19. Yüzyıl Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Vatansever Feliciano Orlando'nun ve Omnibus Gazetesinin İtalyan Basınındaki Rolü.

Author

CRISTALDI, Maria Pia Ester

Subjects
ITALIAN unification, LITERARY magazines, SMALL cities, CITIES & towns, NINETEENTH century, OTTOMAN Empire
Abstract

Copyright of Kebikeç: İnsan Bilimleri İçin Kaynak Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Kebikec, Resources for Human Sciences Research Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024

37. Evaluation of topotecan and 10-hydroxycamptothecin on Toxoplasma gondii: Implications on baseline DNA damage and repair efficiency.

Author

Cristaldi, Constanza, Saldarriaga Cartagena, Ana M., Ganuza, Agustina, Sullivan, William J., Angel, Sergio O., and Vanagas, Laura

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite in the phylum Apicomplexa that causes toxoplasmosis in humans and animals worldwide. Despite its prevalence, there is currently no effective vaccine or treatment for chronic infection. Although there are therapies against the acute stage, prolonged use is toxic and poorly tolerated. This study aims to explore the potential of repurposing topotecan and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) as drugs producing double strand breaks (DSBs) in T. gondii. DSBs are mainly repaired by Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) and Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ). Two T. gondii strains, RHΔHXGPRT and RHΔKU80, were used to compare the drug's effects on parasites. RHΔHXGPRT parasites may use both HRR and NHEJ pathways but RHΔKU80 lacks the KU80 protein needed for NHEJ, leaving only the HRR pathway. Here we demonstrate that topotecan and HCPT, both topoisomerase I venoms, affected parasite replication in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, variations in fluorescence intensity measurements for the H2A.X phosphorylation mark (γH2A.X), an indicator of DNA damage, were observed in intracellular parasites under drug treatment conditions. Interestingly, intracellular replicative parasites without drug treatment show a strong positive staining for γH2A.X, suggesting inherent DNA damage. Extracellular (non-replicating) parasites did not exhibit γH2A.X staining, indicating that the basal level of DNA damage is likely to be associated with replicative stress. A high rate of DNA replication stress possibly prompted the evolution of an efficient repair machinery in the parasite, making it an attractive target. Our findings show that topoisomerase 1 venoms are effective antiparasitics blocking T. gondii replication. [Display omitted] • Topotecan and 10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) block Toxoplasma gondii replication. • Topotecan and HCPT induce Double strand break (DSB) DNA damage. • High replicative tachyzoite presents a baseline DSB DNA damage efficiently repaired. • Combining these drugs with repair intervention shows promise as therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. Contrast-induced encephalopathy and permanent neurological deficit: A case report and literature review

Author

Cristaldi, P, Polistena, A, Patassini, M, de Laurentis, C, Giussani, C, Remida, P, Cristaldi P. M. F., Polistena A., Patassini M., de Laurentis C., Giussani C., Remida P., Cristaldi, P, Polistena, A, Patassini, M, de Laurentis, C, Giussani, C, Remida, P, Cristaldi P. M. F., Polistena A., Patassini M., de Laurentis C., Giussani C., and Remida P.

Abstract

Background: Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare condition that occurs after intravenous or intra-arterial contrast agent administration. Patients generally show different ranges of neurological deficits, which generally resolve themselves spontaneously within 24–48 h or in rare cases within 2 weeks. Case Description: We report a case of CIE in a 54-year-old woman during retreatment for recanalization of communicating anterior artery aneurysm and with no history of allergic reaction to contrast agent. After the procedure, the patient developed right hemiplegia and complete aphasia; an MRI performed at 6 days excluded any signs of new ischemia and revealed a hyperintense signal on FLAIR sequences in the left cortical precentral gyrus corresponding to a hyperintense signal on DWI, suggesting a vasogenic edema. After 6 months, she clinically improved even if her previous neurological status was never restored while radiological findings did not change. Conclusion: According to the literature, many risk factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of CIE: we hypothesized that, among all of them, chronic hypertension and previous cerebral ischemic lesions were the most important in our case. Further studies are necessary to find the correlation between possible risk factors and neurotoxicity.

Published
2021

42. Role of aquaporins in hydrocephalus: what do we know and where do we stand? A systematic review

Author

de Laurentis, C, Cristaldi, P, Arighi, A, Cavandoli, C, Trezza, A, Sganzerla, E, Giussani, C, Di Cristofori, A, de Laurentis C., Cristaldi P., Arighi A., Cavandoli C., Trezza A., Sganzerla E. P., Giussani C. G., Di Cristofori A., de Laurentis, C, Cristaldi, P, Arighi, A, Cavandoli, C, Trezza, A, Sganzerla, E, Giussani, C, Di Cristofori, A, de Laurentis C., Cristaldi P., Arighi A., Cavandoli C., Trezza A., Sganzerla E. P., Giussani C. G., and Di Cristofori A.

Abstract

Introduction: Glymphatic fluid circulation may be considered the lymphatic system of the brain and the main role of such system seems to be played by aquaporins (AQPs), a family of proteins which regulates water exchange, in particular AQP4 and 1. Alterations of glymphatic fluid circulation through AQPs variations are now emerging as central elements in the pathophysiology of different brain conditions, like hydrocephalus. This systematic review provides an insight about the role of AQPs in hydrocephalus establishment and compensation, investigating their possible role as diagnostic tools or therapeutic targets. Methods: PubMed database was screened searching for the relevant existing literature in English language published until February 29th 2020, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. Results: A total of 40 articles met the inclusion criteria for our systematic analysis. AQP4 resulted the most studied water channel, followed by AQP1. The changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain parenchyma and choroid plexus (CP) in different hydrocephalus type were analyzed. Moreover, important pharmacological interactions regarding AQP and molecules or conditions were discussed. A very interesting result is the general consensus on increase of AQP4 in hydrocephalic patients, unless in patients suffering from idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, where AQP4 shows a tendency in reduction. Conclusion: AQP seem to play a central role in the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus and in its compensation mechanisms. Further studies are required to definitively establish their precise roles and their quantitative changes to allow their utilization as diagnostic tools or therapeutic targets.

Published
2021

44. Comprehensive Analysis of the Geoeffective Solar Event of 21 June 2015: Effects on the Magnetosphere, Plasmasphere, and Ionosphere Systems

Author

Piersanti, Mirko, Alberti, Tommaso, Bemporad, Alessandro, Berrilli, Francesco, Bruno, Roberto, Capparelli, Vincenzo, Carbone, Vincenzo, Cesaroni, Claudio, Consolini, Giuseppe, Cristaldi, Alice, Del Corpo, Alfredo, Del Moro, Dario, Di Matteo, Simone, Ermolli, Ilaria, Fineschi, Silvano, Giannattasio, Fabio, Giorgi, Fabrizio, Giovannelli, Luca, Guglielmino, Salvatore Luigi, Laurenza, Monica, Lepreti, Fabio, Marcucci, Maria Federica, Martucci, Matteo, Mergè, Matteo, Pezzopane, Michael, Pietropaolo, Ermanno, Romano, Paolo, Sparvoli, Roberta, Spogli, Luca, Stangalini, Marco, Vecchio, Antonio, Vellante, Massimo, Villante, Umberto, Zuccarello, Francesca, Heilig, Balázs, Reda, Jan, and Lichtenberger, János

Published
2017
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50. A new epidemic wave of Bordetella pertussis in paediatric population: impact and role of co-infections in pertussis disease

Author

Scutari, Rossana, Linardos, Giulia, Ranno, Stefania, Pisani, Mara, Vittucci, Anna Chiara, Coltella, Luana, Colagrossi, Luna, Di Maio, Velia Chiara, Sisto, Annamaria, Mancinelli, Livia, Landi, Simona, Cristaldi, Sebastian, Raponi, Massimiliano, Bernaschi, Paola, Villani, Alberto, Russo, Cristina, and Perno, Carlo Federico

Published
2025
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