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CONTENTS I Introduction 1 II The Crisis Model: Then and Now 2 III What Is an Epoch Approach? 5 IV Case Study of the Russian Federation's Aggression Against Ukraine 9 [...]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the effects of location information of patients has significant theoretical and practical implications for public crisis management and health communication. Based on fear appeal theories, this research proposed a chain reaction model that links physical distance to the nearest patients, which is informed by the location information of patients, citizens' anxiety, attention to information and preventive behaviors. To test the hypothesized model, we conducted a study during the COVID-19 outbreak in mainland China in March 2020. The survey of 2061 people from 244 cities across 30 provinces showed that physical distance to confirmed cases has a significant influence on citizens' anxiety, which in turn can improve their preventive behaviors through the mediating factor of attention to information. In addition, this research also revealed the twofold effects of vertical collectivism as a personality trait on anxiety. These findings will provide support to help governments take actions to reduce citizens' anxiety and promote preventive behaviors., Author(s): Guobin Wu [sup.1] , Xiaopeng Deng [sup.2] , Bingsheng Liu [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.33763.32, 0000 0004 1761 2484, College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, , 92 Weijin [...]

As with all start-ups, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a changing environment for migrant start-ups. These changes have posed many challenges to altering strategic behaviour and approaches to driving business. We explored migrant start-ups' embeddedness in entrepreneurial ecosystems by analysing data from 14 semi-structured interviews with start-ups from Berlin's knowledge-intensive business services sector. We argue that the success of migrant start-ups during crises is dependent mainly on the embeddedness in the local entrepreneurial ecosystem. Thus, we expect entrepreneurs to utilise local networks, infrastructures and interactions to help them cope with the challenges and pave the way for local and international business activities. Our results indicate that embedding in local entrepreneurial ecosystems and a sense of belonging, especially during the business formation phase, play a vital role for migrant start-ups in general and crisis. Revitalising the concept of local embeddedness while considering business development stages, this study challenges the prevailing notion of transnational networks as the sole determinant of entrepreneurial success. Instead, we advocate for greater recognition of the significance of accessing local resources, including market knowledge, social relationships, and institutional support, as fundamental factors driving business development and crisis management within the host country. By recognising and nurturing these local resources, policymakers and support organisations can create an enabling environment that empowers migrant start-ups to thrive, adapt, and contribute to the local EE and economic wealth. Key words: migrant entrepreneurship, migrant start-ups transnationalism; translocal embeddedness COVID-19; crisis; entrepreneurial ecosystem, Introduction Migrant start-up activities are an essential indicator of economic development, as they are instrumental in creatively combining research results into new products and business models and commercialising these innovations [...]

WHO called on the international community to urgently act to end the extreme health and humanitarian crisis in Sudan. Some 25 million people require urgent humanitarian assistance there, having been [...]

The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic required research institution administrators and researchers to make rapid and unprecedented decisions about whether research should continue and in what form. In the fall of 2020, we conducted a national survey of 930 federally-funded principal investigators (Pis) who continued in-person research during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated researcher perceptions of what shaped their choices about conducting in-person essential research and managing personnel during this time. Several quantitative survey questions asked about PI perceptions of institutional policies serving as barriers and facilitators to decision making, and these responses to qualitative questions were coded when they made reference to the role of administration in their decisions. Using this subset of data, we analyzed how administrative decisions at the institutional level affected downstream experiences of researchers. By jointly interpreting the quantitative and qualitative data, we identified 10 concrete lessons that can inform administrator decision making and best practices in preparation and response to crisis shutdowns of research if and when they happen in the future. Keywords: Crisis planning, best practices, COVID-19, research shut-down, stakeholder feedback, resilience, Introduction In response to shortages in the workplace and the persistent changes in scientific funding and its workforce, national authorities and research organizations have endorsed inter-professional work and task substitutions. [...]

In the early 2000s, massive economic and technical resources accompanied the framing of HIV as a humanitarian and global health crisis in much of the Global South. These resources and framing combined to produce and enhance a wide range of HIV-related structures, skills, and knowledge with afterlives that have exceeded the crisis period in Kenya and elsewhere. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork among HIV support groups in Nairobi, Kenya, conducted in the decade that followed the declared crisis period, we examine how local providers of HIV care and services understood the crisis and crisis narratives and practices. We highlight the consequences of after-crisis financial cutbacks, including anxiety, redundancy, financial hardship, and the devaluation and underutilization of expertise and care infrastructures. We argue that the structures, knowledge, and skills developed through engagements with international aid have complex afterlives, often concealed for lack of funding and forced dormancy. Our research examines strategies deployed by actors on the ground to continue offering services and support in the wake of crisis., Introduction Early in the morning on March 9, 2017, Emmy Igonya, the first author, received a phone call from a secretary at one of Kenya's public universities telling her of [...]

ABSTRACT This article explores Oksapmin imaginings of two interrelated crises: the temporary closure of the Ok Tedi gold and copper mine and a prolonged drought, both of which occurred in [...]

This article examines whether and how accountability in international organizations (IOs) influences their speed of reaction to economic and humanitarian crises. Reaction speed is one among several factors in the [...]