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Justice Statistics: An Extended Look at Crime in the United States is a special edition of Crime in the United States. It brings together key reports that fall under this category. Topics covered include capital punishment, rape and sexual assault among college-age women, correctional populations, crime in the United States, hate crimes, probation, parole, human trafficking, and law enforcement officers killed and assaulted. Tables in this volume provide a comprehensive account of each of these subjects. Each section contains statistical tables and figures highlighting the data, as well as a brief summary of the report's methodology and at-a-glance highlights of the most compelling information.This completely updated volume providesvaluableinformation compiled by the Department of Justice, including its subsidiaries, the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Justice Statistics: An Extended Look at Crime in the United States is a special edition of Crime in the United States. It brings together key reports that fall under this category. Topics covered include capital punishment, rape and sexual assault among college-age women, correctional populations, crime in the United States, hate crimes, probation, parole, human trafficking, and law enforcement officers killed and assaulted. Tables in this volume provide a comprehensive account of each of these subjects. Each section contains statistical tables and figures highlighting the data, as well as a brief summary of the report's methodology and at-a-glance highlights of the most compelling information.This completely updated volume providesvaluableinformation compiled by the Department of Justice, including its subsidiaries, the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Crime in the United States contains findings from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the offenses known to law enforcement. This reference is the most comprehensive official compilation of crime statistics in the United States and is an important addition to your library's collection.While the FBI no longer prints these findings, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In this intricately detailed source, legal and law enforcement professionals, researchers, and those who are just curious will find violent and property crime statistics for the nation as well as for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and even college and university campuses.Crime in the United States includes statistics for: Offenses known to police Violent crime offenses: murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault Property crime offenses: burglary, larcency-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arsonClearance data: crimes solved by police or cleared by exceptional meansPersons arrestedPolice employees: sworn officers and civilian law enforcement personnelHate crimes with data by offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of victims, and race of offender

Combining insights from two distinct research traditions—the communities and crime tradition that focuses on why some neighborhoods have more crime than others, and the burgeoning crime and place literature that focuses on crime in micro-geographic units—this book explores the spatial scale of crime. Criminologist John Hipp articulates a new theoretical perspective that provides an individual- and household-level theory to underpin existing ecological models of neighborhoods and crime. A focus is maintained on the agents of change within neighborhoods and communities, and how households nested in neighborhoods might come to perceive problems in the neighborhood and then have a choice of exit, voice, loyalty, or neglect (EVLN).A characteristic of many crime incidents is that they happen at a particular spatial location and a point in time. These two simple insights suggest the need for both a spatial and a longitudinal perspective in studying crime events. The spatial question focuses on why crime seems to occur more frequently in some locations than others, and the consequences of this for certain areas of cities, or neighborhoods. The longitudinal component focuses on how crime impacts, and is impacted by, characteristics of the environment. This book looks at where offenders, targets, and guardians might live, and where they might spatially travel throughout the environment, exploring how vibrant neighborhoods are generated, how neighborhoods change, and what determines why some neighborhoods decline over time while others avoid this fate.Hipp's theoretical model provides a cohesive response to the general question of the spatial scale of crime and articulates necessary future directions for the field. This book is essential for students and scholars interested in spatial-temporal criminology.

Justice Statistics: An Extended Look at Crime in the United States is a special edition of Crime in the United States. It brings together key reports that fall under this category. Topics covered include capital punishment, rape and sexual assault among college-age women, correctional populations, crime in the United States, hate crimes, probation, parole, human trafficking, and law enforcement officers killed and assaulted. Tables in this volume provide a comprehensive account of each of these subjects. Each section contains statistical tables and figures highlighting the data, as well as a brief summary of the report's methodology and at-a-glance highlights of the most compelling information.This completely updated volume providesvaluableinformation compiled by the Department of Justice, including its subsidiaries, the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. This publication includes more detailed information on the impact that COVID-19 had on law enforcement, incarceration, and the judiciary. Additionally, the section on capital punishment places more emphasis on the judicial process than on executions since capital punishment has been declining for two decades in the United States. Finally, a new ten-year report on recidivism of prisoners is included.

Crime in the United States contains findings from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the offenses known to law enforcement. This reference is the most comprehensive official compilation of crime statistics in the United States and is an important addition to your library's collection.While the FBI no longer prints these findings, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In this intricately detailed source, legal and law enforcement professionals, researchers, and those who are just curious will find violent and property crime statistics for the nation as well as for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and even college and university campuses.A new section titled'COVID-19 and the Inmate Population'has been added to the 2022 edition. Crime in the United States includes statistics for: Offenses known to police Violent crime offenses: murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault Property crime offenses: burglary, larcency-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arsonClearance data: crimes solved by police or cleared by exceptional meansPersons arrestedPolice employees: sworn officers and civilian law enforcement personnelHate crimes with data by offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of victims, and race of offender

Crime in the United States contains findings from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the offenses known to law enforcement. This reference is the most comprehensive official compilation of crime statistics in the United States and is an important addition to your library's collection.While the FBI no longer prints these findings, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In this intricately detailed source, legal and law enforcement professionals, researchers, and those who are just curious will find violent and property crime statistics for the nation as well as for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and even college and university campuses.Crime in the United States includes statistics for: Offenses known to police Violent crime offenses: murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault Property crime offenses: burglary, larcency-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arsonClearance data: crimes solved by police or cleared by exceptional meansPersons arrestedPolice employees: sworn officers and civilian law enforcement personnelHate crimes with data by offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of victims, and race of offender

Crime in the United States contains findings from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the offenses known to law enforcement. This reference is the most comprehensive official compilation of crime statistics in the United States and is an important addition to your library's collection.Since the FBI no longer prints these findings, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In this intricately detailed source, legal and law enforcement professionals, researchers, and those who are just curious will find violent and property crime statistics for the nation as well as for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and even college and university campuses.Crime in the United States includes statistics for: Offenses known to police Violent crime offenses: murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault Property crime offenses: burglary, larcency-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arsonClearance data: crimes solved by police or cleared by exceptional meansPersons arrestedPolice employees: sworn officers and civilian law enforcement personnelHate crimes with data by offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of victims, and race of offender

Crime in the United States contains findings from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the offenses known to law enforcement. This reference is the most comprehensive official compilation of crime statistics in the United States and is an important addition to your library's collection.Since the FBI no longer prints these findings, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In this intricately detailed source, legal and law enforcement professionals, researchers, and those who are just curious will find violent and property crime statistics for the nation as well as for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and even college and university campuses.Crime in the United States includes statistics for: Offenses known to police Violent crime offenses: murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault Property crime offenses: burglary, larcency-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arsonClearance data: crimes solved by police or cleared by exceptional meansPersons arrestedPolice employees: sworn officers and civilian law enforcement personnelHate crimes with data by offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of victims, and race of offender

Justice Statistics: An Extended Look at Crime in the United States is a special edition of Crime in the United States. It brings together key reports that fall under this category. Topics covered include capital punishment, rape and sexual assault among college-age women, correctional populations, crime in the United States, hate crimes, probation, parole, human trafficking, and law enforcement officers killed and assaulted. Tables in this volume provide a comprehensive account of each of these subjects. Each section contains statistical tables and figures highlighting the data, as well as a brief summary of the report's methodology and at-a-glance highlights of the most compelling information.This volume providesvaluableinformation compiled by the Department of Justice, including its subsidiaries, the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The fourth edition of JusticeStatistics includes a 2018 update on prisoner recidivism.

While many researchers study offenders and offending, few actually journey into the correctional world to meet offenders face to face. This book offers researchers, practitioners, and students a step-by-step guide to effectively research correctional populations, providing field-tested advice for those studying youth and adults on probation, on parole, and in jails and prisons. The book addresses topics such as how to build rapport with offenders and those who monitor them; how to select from the many types of correctional data that can be collected; how to navigate the informed consent process and maintain research ethics; and how to manage the logistics of doing research. With personal stories, “what if” scenarios, case studies, and real-world tools like checklists and sample forms, the authors share methods of negotiating the complexities that researchers often face as they work with those behind bars.

To derive statistics about crime – to estimate its levels and trends, assess its costs to and impacts on society, and inform law enforcement approaches to prevent it – a conceptual framework for defining and thinking about crime is virtually a prerequisite. Developing and maintaining such a framework is no easy task, because the mechanics of crime are ever evolving and shifting: tied to shifts and development in technology, society, and legislation. Interest in understanding crime surged in the 1920s, which proved to be a pivotal decade for the collection of nationwide crime statistics. Now established as a permanent agency, the Census Bureau commissioned the drafting of a manual for preparing crime statistics—intended for use by the police, corrections departments, and courts alike. The new manual sought to solve a perennial problem by suggesting a standard taxonomy of crime. Shortly after the Census Bureau issued its manual, the International Association of Chiefs of Police in convention adopted a resolution to create a Committee on Uniform Crime Records —to begin the process of describing what a national system of data on crimes known to the police might look like. Report 1 performed a comprehensive reassessment of what is meant by crime in U.S. crime statistics and recommends a new classification of crime to organize measurement efforts. This second report examines methodological and implementation issues and presents a conceptual blueprint for modernizing crime statistics.

Justice Statistics: An Extended Look at Crime in the United States is a special edition of Crime in the United States. It brings together nine key reports that fall under this category. Topics covered include capital punishment, rape and sexual assault among college-age women, correctional populations, crime in the United States, hate crimes, probation, parole, human trafficking, and law enforcement officers killed and assaulted. Tables in this volume provide a comprehensive account of each of these subjects. This third edition includes new sections on crimes against persons with disabilities and violence in schools. Each section contains statistical tables and figures highlighting the data, as well as a brief summary of the report's methodology and at-a-glance highlights of the most compelling information.This volume provides valuable information compiled by the Department of Justice, including its subsidiaries, the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Winner, 2018 Law & Legal Studies PROSE AwardThe consequences of big data and algorithm-driven policing and its impact on law enforcementIn a high-tech command center in downtown Los Angeles, a digital map lights up with 911 calls, television monitors track breaking news stories, surveillance cameras sweep the streets, and rows of networked computers link analysts and police officers to a wealth of law enforcement intelligence.This is just a glimpse into a future where software predicts future crimes, algorithms generate virtual “most-wanted” lists, and databanks collect personal and biometric information. The Rise of Big Data Policing introduces the cutting-edge technology that is changing how the police do their jobs and shows why it is more important than ever that citizens understand the far-reaching consequences of big data surveillance as a law enforcement tool.Andrew Guthrie Ferguson reveals how these new technologies —viewed as race-neutral and objective—have been eagerly adopted by police departments hoping to distance themselves from claims of racial bias and unconstitutional practices. After a series of high-profile police shootings and federal investigations into systemic police misconduct, and in an era of law enforcement budget cutbacks, data-driven policing has been billed as a way to “turn the page” on racial bias.But behind the data are real people, and difficult questions remain about racial discrimination and the potential to distort constitutional protections. In this first book on big data policing, Ferguson offers an examination of how new technologies will alter the who, where, when and how we police. These new technologies also offer data-driven methods to improve police accountability and to remedy the underlying socio-economic risk factors that encourage crime.The Rise of Big Data Policing is a must read for anyone concerned with how technology will revolutionize law enforcement and its potential threat to the security, privacy, and constitutional rights of citizens.Read an excerpt and interview with Andrew Guthrie Ferguson in The Economist.

Justice Statistics: An Extended Look at Crime in the United States is a special edition of Crime in the United States. It brings together nine key reports that fall under this category. Topics covered include capital punishment, rape and sexual assault among college-age women, correctional populations, crime in the United States, hate crimes, probation, parole, and law enforcement officers killed and assaulted. Tables in this volume provide a comprehensive account of each of these subjects. Each section contains statistical tables and figures highlighting the data, as well as a brief summary of the report's methodology and at-a-glance highlights of the most compelling information.This volume provides valuable information compiled by the Department of Justice, including its subsidiaries, the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

To derive statistics about crime – to estimate its levels and trends, assess its costs to and impacts on society, and inform law enforcement approaches to prevent it – a conceptual framework for defining and thinking about crime is virtually a prerequisite. Developing and maintaining such a framework is no easy task, because the mechanics of crime are ever evolving and shifting: tied to shifts and development in technology, society, and legislation. Interest in understanding crime surged in the 1920s, which proved to be a pivotal decade for the collection of nationwide crime statistics. Now established as a permanent agency, the Census Bureau commissioned the drafting of a manual for preparing crime statistics—intended for use by the police, corrections departments, and courts alike. The new manual sought to solve a perennial problem by suggesting a standard taxonomy of crime. Shortly after the Census Bureau issued its manual, the International Association of Chiefs of Police in convention adopted a resolution to create a Committee on Uniform Crime Records—to begin the process of describing what a national system of data on crimes known to the police might look like. The key distinction between the rigorous classification proposed in this report and the'classifications'that have come before in U.S. crime statistics is that it is intended to partition the entirety of behaviors that could be considered criminal offenses into mutually exclusive categories. Modernizing Crime Statistics: Report 1: Defining and Classifying Crime assesses and makes recommendations for the development of a modern set of crime measures in the United States and the best means for obtaining them. This first report develops a new classification of crime by weighing various perspectives on how crime should be defined and organized with the needs and demands of the full array of crime data users and stakeholders.

Bernan Press is pleased to present its first-ever comprehensive collection of justice statistics in the United States. This volume provides valuable information compiled by the Department of Justice, including its subsidiaries, the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Justice Statistics: An Extended Look at Crime in the United States is a special edition of Crime in the United States. It brings together nine key reports that fall under this category. Topics covered include capital punishment, rape and sexual assault among college-age women, correctional populations, crime in the United States, hate crimes, probation, parole, and law enforcement officers killed and assaulted. Tables in this volume provide a comprehensive account of each of these subjects. Each section contains statistical tables and figures highlighting the data, as well as a brief summary of the report's methodology and at-a-glance highlights of the most compelling information.

This book is intended to assist law enforcement agencies in reporting incidents of hate crime to the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. It addresses policy, the types of bias crime to be reported, how to identify a hate crime and guidelines for reporting hate crime. Furthermore, this book presents counts and rates of hate crime victimization in 2012, using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). The tables show change in the number and rate of hate crime victimizations since 2011 and during the 10-year period since 2003. They examine the perceived motivation for the hate crime, demographic characteristics of victims and offenders, and the percentage of hate crime reported to police. In addition, the tables compare characteristics of hate crime and nonhate crime victimization, and the NCVS and FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) hate crime statistics.

In 2011, U.S. households experienced about 3,394,700 burglary victimizations. Persons age 12 or older who had disabilities experienced 1.3 million nonfatal violent crimes in 2012. Nonfatal violent crimes include rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, and simple assault. In 2012, an estimated 293,800 nonfatal violent and property hate crime victimizations occurred against persons age 12 or older residing in U.S. households. Seasonal patterns exist when similar fluctuations in the victimization rates tend to recur each year during the same season. Seasonal patterns are a long-standing topic in both popular and scholarly literatures on crime and show how environmental factors, such as temperature changes and daylight hours, might be associated with crime throughout the year. This book discusses crime, victimization and police contact in these crimes and victimization. Topics include household burglary, crimes against persons with disabilities, hate crimes, and seasonal patterns in criminal victimization trends. This book also examines requests for police assistance and police behavior during traffic and street stops.

Crime in the United States contains findings from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the offenses, known to law enforcement, released annually from its Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Because the FBI no longer prints these findings, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In this intricately detailed source, legal and law enforcement professionals, researchers, and those who are just curious will find violent and property crime statistics for the nation as a whole—and for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and even college and university campuses.Crime in the United States includes statistics for: • violent and property crimes• hate crimes• crime trends• victims, by type• crimes cleared (those closed by arrest or other means)• persons arrested (age, sex, and race)• juvenile offenders• law enforcement personnel (including the number of sworn officers killed or assaulted)• characteristics of homicides (including age, sex, and race of victims and offenders; victim-offender relationships; weapons used; and circumstances surrounding homicides) In addition to data, Crime in the United States also includes text and pertinent figures that explain the data in greater detail and supplies a visual perspective of these major offenses. Violent crimes include:• murder and non-negligent manslaughter• forcible rape• robbery• aggravated assaultProperty crimes include:• burglary• larceny-theft• motor vehicle theft• arsonHate crimes include any crime motivated by bias against:• race• religion• sexual orientation• ethnicity/national origin• and/or disabilityData include the following: offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of individual victims, number of offenders, and the race of the offenders.Interesting facts found in Crime in the United States include:The rate of violent crime decreased 21.9 percent between 2002 and 2011. Robberies declined the most of any offense, falling 22.2 percent.The FBI estimated that 12,408,899 arrests were made in 2011. Of these arrests, 4.3 percent were for violent crimes.Law enforcement agencies reported 6,222 hate crime incidents involving 7,254 offenses in 2011.In 2011, slightly more hate crimes were committed on the basis of sexual orientation (1,293) than on a religion basis (1,233).Men accounted for 88.2 percent of all full-time sworn law enforcement officers in 2011.In 2011, the estimated number of forcible rapes (83,425)—the lowest figure in 22 years—decreased 2.5 percent from the 2010 estimate.The average dollar value of property taken during burglaries was $2,185; during robberies, $1,153; and during larceny thefts, $988.

Crime in the United States contains findings from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the offenses, known to law enforcement, released annually from its Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Because the FBI no longer prints these findings, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In this intricately detailed source, legal and law enforcement professionals, researchers, and those who are just curious will find violent and property crime statistics for the nation as a whole—and for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and even college and university campuses.Crime in the United States includes statistics for: • violent and property crimes• hate crimes• crime trends• victims, by type• crimes cleared (those closed by arrest or other means)• persons arrested (age, sex, and race)• juvenile offenders• law enforcement personnel (including the number of sworn officers killed or assaulted)• characteristics of homicides (including age, sex, and race of victims and offenders; victim-offender relationships; weapons used; and circumstances surrounding homicides) In addition to data, Crime in the United States also includes text and pertinent figures that explain the data in greater detail and supplies a visual perspective of these major offenses. Violent crimes include:• murder and non-negligent manslaughter• forcible rape• robbery• aggravated assaultProperty crimes include:• burglary• larceny-theft• motor vehicle theft• arsonHate crimes include any crime motivated by bias against:• race• religion• sexual orientation• ethnicity/national origin• and/or disabilityData include the following: offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of individual victims, number of offenders, and the race of the offenders.New in 2012A section on crime trends and the rise in Internet crime, including recent high profile cyber crime and tips on protecting your personal information and credit card accounts.Some examples of information found in Crime in the United States, 2012:Nationwide, there were an estimated 1,246,248 violent crimes and 9,082,887 property crimes in 2010.The number of violent crimes has decreased for the fourth year in a row—a 6.0 percent decrease. Property crimes also decreased 2.7 percent in 2010, marking the eighth year these offenses have dropped below the previous year's total.From 2009 to 2010 crime has declined:&bu

A unique look at the problems in measuring crime both historically and internationallyFilled with real world examples derived from media reports on crime trends and other sources, this fully updated Second Edition analyzes the specific errors that can occur in the three most common methods used to report crime—official crime data, self report, and victimization studies. For each method, the authors examine strengths and weaknesses, the fundamental issues surrounding accuracy, and the method′s application to theoretical and policy research. Throughout the book, the authors demonstrate the factors that underlie crime data and illustrate the fundamental links between theory, policy, and data measurement.

Crime in the United States contains findings that the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) releases annually from its Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Because it is no longer printed by the FBI, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. This edition contains final data from 2009, the latest data that are currently available. Legal and law enforcement professionals and researchers will find crime statistics for the nation as a whole-and for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and college and university campuses for violent and property crimes. This publication includes: _ violent and property crime counts _ crime trends _ data on crimes cleared _ persons arrested (age, sex, and race) _ law enforcement personnel (including the number of sworn officers killed or assaulted) _ the characteristics of homicides (including age, sex, and race of victims and offenders; victim-offender relationships; weapons used; and circumstances surrounding the homicides) New for 2011 _ updated data on hate crimes Violent crimes include: _ murder and non-negligent manslaughter _ forcible rape _ robbery _ aggravated assault Property crimes include: _ burglary _ larceny-theft _ motor vehicle theft _ arson Hate crimes include any crime motivated by bias against: _ race _ religion _ sexual orientation _ ethnicity/national origin _ and/or disability Data includes the following: offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of individual victims, number of offenders, and the race of the offenders. Some Examples of Information to be Found in Crime in the United States _ Over half of murders in 2009 were committed by acquaintances (53.8 percent). _Approximately 35 percent of female victims were killed by their husbands or boyfriends. _ The estimated dollar loss attributing to property crimes, not including arson, in 2009 was $15.2 billion _ Almost 800,000 motor vehicle thefts took place in the United States, but this number has declined over the last ten years. The estimated number fell 17.1 percent from last year and 31.5 percent from 2000. _ White adults were most commonly arrested for driving under the influence (954,444 arrests) and drug abuse violations (845,974 arrests). _ Juveniles accounted for 15.4 percent of all arrests in 2009. _ The rate of full-time law enforcement employees (civilian and sworn) per 1,000 inhabitants in the nation for 2009 was 3.5. _ Most hate crimes were racially motivated (49.1 percent); the next largest percentage was 18.5, which resulted from sexual orientation bias. _ The arrest rate for violent crime was 191.2 per 100,000 inhabitants. For property crime, the arrest rate was 571.1 per 100,000 inhabitants. _ In 2009, 34.7 percent of arson nationwide were cleared by arrest or exceptional means. _ A breakdown of the clearances for violent crimes for 2009 revealed that the nation's law enforcement agencies cleared 66.6 percent of murder offenses, 56.8 percent of aggravated assault offenses, 41.2 percent of forcible rape offenses, and 28.2 percent of robbery offenses. The data for property crimes showed that agencies cleared 21.5 percent of larceny-theft offenses, 12.5 percent of burglary offenses, and 12.4 percent of motor vehicle theft offenses.

Crime in the United States contains findings that the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) releases annually from its Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Because it is no longer printed by the FBI, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. This publication includes: Violent and property crime counts Crime trends Data on crimes cleared Persons arrested (age, sex, and race) Law enforcement personnel (including the number of sworn officers killed or assaulted) The characteristics of homicides (including age, sex, and race of victims and offenders; victim-offender relationships; weapons used; and circumstances surrounding the homicides) Legal and law enforcement professionals and researchers will find crime statistics for the nation as a whole-and for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and college and university campuses for violent and property crimes. Violent crimes include: murder and non-negligent manslaughter forcible rape robbery aggravated assault Property crimes include: burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson Nationwide, there were an estimated 1,382,012 violent crimes and 9,767,915 property crimes in 2008. The number of violent crimes in declined for the second year in a row. Property crimes also declined in 2008, marking the sixth straight year these offenses dropped below the previous year's total. Nearly 90 percent of the estimated number of violent crimes in the United States occurred in MSAs, 5.7 percent occurred in cities outside MSAs, and 4.5 percent occurred in nonmetropolitan counties. By community type, the violent crime rates were estimated at 489.0 incidents per 100,000 inhabitants in MSAs, 392.0 incidents per 100,000 inhabitants in cities outside MSAs, and 205.1 incidents per 100,000 inhabitants in nonmetropolitan counties. Law enforcement agencies made 14,005,615 arrests, excluding traffic violations, in 2008. Of these arrests, 594,911 were for violent crimes and 1,687,345 were for property crimes. The arrest rate for violent crimes was 198.2 per 100,000 persons. For property crime, the rate was 565.2 arrests per 100,000 inhabitants. The most frequent arrests made in 2008 were for drug abuse violations (estimated at 1,702,537 arrests). These arrests made up 12.2 percent of the total number of all arrests. In 2008, 45.1 percent of violent crimes and 17.4 percent of property crimes nationwide were cleared by arrest or exceptional means. A breakdown of the clearances for violent crimes for 2008 revealed that the nation's law enforcement agencies cleared 63.6 percent of murder offenses, 54.9 percent of aggravated assault offenses, 40.4 percent of forcible rape offenses, and 26.8 percent of robbery offenses. The data for property crimes showed that agencies cleared 19.9 percent of larceny-theft offenses, 12.5 percent of burglary offenses, and 12.0 percent of motor vehicle theft offenses. Collectively, victims of property crime lost an estimated $17.2 billion. Among the nation's four regions, law enforcement agencies in the Northeast had the highest rate of law enforcement employees in 2008, with 3.4 per 1,000 inhabitants. Agencies in the South had 3.4 law enforcement employees per 1,000 inhabitants, followed by the Midwest (2.7) and the West (2.4).

Crime in the United States contains findings that the FBI releases annually from its Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Because it is no longer printed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In addition to crime counts and trends, the third edition includes: _ A new section on hate crimes with data by offense type, location, bias motivation, victim type, number of individual victims, number of offenders, and the race of offenders _

2009 Choice Outstanding Academic TitleCrime in most urban areas has been falling since 1991. While the decline has been well-documented, few scholars have analyzed which groups have most benefited from the crime decline and which are still on the frontlines of violence—and why that might be. In Unequal Crime Decline, Karen F. Parker presents a structural and theoretical analysis of the various factors that affect the crime decline, looking particularly at the past three decades and the shifts that have taken place, and offers original insight into which trends have declined and why.Taking into account such indicators as employment, labor market opportunities, skill levels, housing, changes in racial composition, family structure, and drug trafficking, Parker provides statistics that illustrate how these factors do or do not affect urban violence, and carefully considers these factors in relation to various crime trends, such as rates involving blacks, whites, but also trends among black males, white females, as well as others. Throughout the book she discusses popular structural theories of crime and their limitations, in the end concentrating on today's issues and important contemporary policy to be considered. Unequal Crime Decline is a comprehensive and theoretically sophisticated look at the relationship among race, urban inequality, and violence in the years leading up to and following America's landmark crime drop.

Crime in the United States contains findings that the FBI releases annually from its Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. No longer printed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Bernan Press continues to provide this practical information in convenient book form. In addition to crime counts and trends, this report includes Data on crimes cleared, Persons arrested (age, sex, and race), Law enforcement personnel (including the number of sworn officers killed or assaulted), The characteristics of homicides (including age, sex, and race of victims and offenders; victim-offender relationships; weapons used; and circumstances surrounding the homicides). Legal and law enforcement professionals and researchers will find crime statistics for the nation as a whole-and for regions, states, counties, cities, towns, and college and university campuses on murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. Statistics also cover the property crimes of burglary, arson, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft.

Chiefly tables.

Chiefly tables.

Chiefly tables.

Most major crime in this country emanates from two major data sources. The FBI's Uniform Crime Reports has collected information on crimes known to the police and arrests from local and state jurisdictions throughout the country. The National Crime Victimization Survey, a general population survey designed to cover the extent, nature, and consequences of criminal victimization, has been conducted annually since the early1970s. This workshop was designed to consider similarities and differences in the methodological problems encountered by the survey and criminal justice research communities and what might be the best focus for the research community. In addition to comparing and contrasting the methodological issues associated with self-report surveys and official records, the workshop explored methods for obtaining accurate self-reports on sensitive questions about crime events, estimating crime and victimization in rural counties and townships and developing unbiased prevalence and incidence rates for rate events among population subgroups.

Crime control continues to be a growth industry, despite the drop in crime indicators throughout the nation. This volume shows how state-of-the-art geographic information systems (GIS) are revolutionizing urban law enforcement, with an award-winning program in New York City leading the way. Electronic'pin mapping'is used to display the incidence of crime, to stimulate effective strategies and decision making, and to evaluate the impact of recent activity applied to hotspots. The expert information presented by 12 contributors will guide departments without such tools to understand the latest technologies and successfully employ them. Besides describing and assessing cutting-edge techniques of crime mapping, this book emphasizes: • the organizational and intellectual contexts in which spatial analysis of crime takes place, • the technical problems of defining, measuring, interpreting, and predicting spatial concentrations of crime, • the common use of New York City crime data, and • practical applications of what is known (e.g., a review of mapping and analysis software packages using the same data set). Students, academics, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in the areas of criminal justice, corrections, geography, social problems, law and government, public administration, and public policy analysis will need to look at the interdisciplinary nature of both GIS and spatial dimensions of crime in order to comprehend the variety of different approaches address important analytic problems, reassess public facilities and resources, and prepare to respond more quickly to emerging hotspots.

By focusing attention on individuals rather than on aggregates, this book takes a novel approach to studying criminal behavior. It develops a framework for collecting information about individual criminal careers and their parameters, reviews existing knowledge about criminal career dimensions, presents models of offending patterns, and describes how criminal career information can be used to develop and refine criminal justice policies. In addition, an agenda for future research on criminal careers is presented.

Measurement Issues in Criminology examines the techniques and procedures crucial to successful research. Topics appropriate for specific research designs, data sources, and analytic techniques are identified, as well as topics for which such measurement methods are inappropriate. Subjects explored include ethical obligations and social research, the offender's perspective, longitudinal research design, advantages of time series studies over other procedures when investigating important ques- tions of process and change, and the strength and weakness of studies utilizing secondary data sources.

Volume II takes an in-depth look at the various aspects of criminal careers, including the relationship of alcohol and drug abuse to criminal careers, co-offending influences on criminal careers, issues in the measurement of criminal careers, accuracy of prediction models, and ethical issues in the use of criminal career information in making decisions about offenders.