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151 results on '"Crain, Marilyn"'

1. Birth Weight and Preterm Delivery Outcomes of Perinatally vs Nonperinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pregnant Women in the United States: Results From the PHACS SMARTT Study and IMPAACT P1025 Protocol.

Author

Jao, Jennifer, Kacanek, Deborah, Williams, Paige L, Geffner, Mitchell E, Livingston, Elizabeth G, Sperling, Rhoda S, Patel, Kunjal, Bardeguez, Arlene D, Burchett, Sandra K, Chakhtoura, Nahida, Scott, Gwendolyn B, Van Dyke, Russell B, Abrams, Elaine J, Yogev, Ram, Sanders, Margaret Ann, Malee, Kathleen, Hunter, Scott, Shearer, William, Paul, Mary, Cooper, Norma, Harris, Lynnette, Purswani, Murli, Stuard, Emma, Cintron, Anna, Puga, Ana, Cooley, Dia, Garvie, Patricia A, Blood, James, Borkowsky, William, Deygoo, Sandra, Vasserman, Marsha, Dieudonne, Arry, Bettica, Linda, Knapp, Katherine, Allison, Kim, Wilkins, Megan, Acevedo-Flores, Midnela, Angeli-Nieves, Lourdes, Olivera, Vivian, Kohlhoff, Stephan, Dennie, Ava, Bewley, Susan, Dyke, Russell Van, Craig, Karen, Sirois, Patricia, Crain, Marilyn, Hickman, Paige, Marullo, Dan, Spector, Stephen A, Norris, Kim, Nichols, Sharon, McFarland, Elizabeth, Chambers, Carrie, Wallace, Jenna, Barr, Emily, Rathore, Mobeen, Stowers, Kristi, Mahmoudi, Saniyyah, Usitalo, Ann, Hayani, Karen, Rich, Kenneth, Richardson, Lourdes, Smith, Renee, Mitchell, Charles, Dominguez, Sady, Florez, Claudia, Frederick, Toni, Davtyan, Mariam, Morales-Avendano, Guadalupe, Rodriguez, Zoe M, Heyer, Ibet, Trifilio, Nydia Scalley, Scott, GB, Tuomala, R, Smith, E, Watts, H, Oden, KM, Huo, Y, Patel, K, Barr, EA, Bardeguez, A, Burchett, SK, Livingston, E, Stek, AM, Basar, MT, Hernandez, A, Jennings, A, Cressey, TR, Bryant, J, Tuomala, Ruth, Smith, Elizabeth, Oden, KaSaundra M, Leister, Erin, Shapiro, David E, Barr, Emily A, Wara, Diane W, Bardeguez, Arlene, and Guiterrez, Jenny

Subjects
Prevention, Pediatric Research Initiative, Clinical Research, Infant Mortality, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Pediatric, Infectious Diseases, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Birth Weight, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Male, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Premature Birth, Prospective Studies, United States, Young Adult, Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study and the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials P1025 Protocol, Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study and the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials P1025 Protocol, birth weight, perinatal HIV infection, pregnancy, preterm delivery, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology
Abstract

BackgroundPregnancy outcomes of perinatally human immunodeficiency virus-infected women (PHIV) are poorly defined.MethodsWe compared preterm delivery and birth weight (BW) outcomes (low BW [LBW],

Published
2017

2. Safety and Efficacy of Atorvastatin in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children, Adolescents and Young Adults With Hyperlipidemia

Author

Melvin, Ann J, Montepiedra, Grace, Aaron, Lisa, Meyer, William A, Spiegel, Hans M, Borkowsky, William, Abzug, Mark J, Best, Brookie M, Crain, Marilyn J, Borum, Peggy R, Graham, Bobbie, Anthony, Patricia, Shin, Katherine, and Siberry, George K

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Atherosclerosis, Prevention, Clinical Research, Pediatric, HIV/AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Cardiovascular, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Atorvastatin, C-Reactive Protein, Child, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Male, Young Adult, HIV, children, atorvastatin, P1063 Study Team, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Public Health and Health Services, Pediatrics, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) have increased prevalence of hyperlipidemia and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. No studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of statins in this population.MethodsHIV-infected youth 10 to

Published
2017

9. Prevalence of elevated cholesterol and associated risk factors among perinatally HIV-infected children (4-19 years old) in Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 219C

Author

Farley, John, Gona, Philimon, Crain, Marilyn, Cervia, Joseph, Oleske, James, Seage, George, and Lindsey, Jane

Subjects
HIV infection in children -- Risk factors, Cholesterol -- Risk factors, Children -- Health aspects, Hypercholesterolemia in children -- Risk factors, Hypercholesterolemia in children -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

The Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 219C (PACTG 219C) is a prospective cohort study designed to examine long-term outcomes in children born to HIV-infected women. Among the HIV-infected children, the overall prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 13.0% and the strongest associated risk factor for hypercholesterolemia was current use of a protease inhibitor in the antiretroviral regimen.

Published
2005

10. Evolution and virulence of serogroup 6 pneumococci on a global scale

Author

Robinson, D. Ashley, Briles, David E., Crain, Marilyn J., and Hollingshead, Susan K.

Subjects
Bacteriology -- Research, Virulence (Microbiology) -- Genetic aspects, Virulence (Microbiology) -- Research, Gene expression -- Physiological aspects, Pneumococcal infections -- Causes of, Cloning -- Genetic aspects, Microbial populations -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Research has been conducted on pneumococcal populations. The study of virulence and evolution of these populations has been carried out via the use of multilocus sequence typing in the effort to identify clones and isolates expressing capsular serogroup from different countries, and the details are presented.

Published
2002

13. Associations of FGF21 and GDF15 with mitochondrial dysfunction in children living with perinatally-acquired HIV: A cross-sectional evaluation of pediatric AIDS clinical trials group 219/219C.

Author

Gojanovich, Greg S., Jacobson, Denise L., Broadwell, Carly, Karalius, Brad, Kirmse, Brian, Geffner, Mitchell E., Jao, Jennifer, Van Dyke, Russell B., McFarland, Elizabeth J., Silio, Margarita, Crain, Marilyn, and Gerschenson, Mariana

Subjects
FIBROBLAST growth factors, GROWTH differentiation factors, AIDS, HIV infections, CLINICAL trials, ORPHANS
Abstract

Background: In persons living with HIV, mitochondrial disease (MD) is difficult to diagnose, as clinical signs are non-specific with inconsistent patterns. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) are mitokines elevated in MD patients without HIV, and associated with cardiometabolic comorbidities in adults living with HIV. We assessed relationships of these biomarkers with MD in children living with perinatally-acquired HIV infection (CPHIV). Setting: Cross-sectional study of CPHIV from Pediatric ACTG 219/219C classified by Mitochondrial Disease Criteria (MDC) that defines scores 2–4 as "possible" MD. Methods: Each case with MDC equaling 4 (MDC4; n = 23) was matched to one randomly selected control displaying no MDC (MDC0; n = 23) based on calendar date. Unmatched cases with MDC equaling 3 (MDC3; n = 71) were also assessed. Plasma samples proximal to diagnoses were assayed by ELISA. Mitokine distributions were compared using Wilcoxon tests, Spearman correlations were calculated, and associations with MD status were assessed by conditional logistic regression. Results: Median FGF21 and GDF15 concentrations, respectively, were highest in MDC4 (143.9 and 1441.1 pg/mL), then MDC3 (104.0 and 726.5 pg/mL), and lowest in controls (89.4 and 484.7 pg/mL). Distributions of FGF21 (paired Wilcoxon rank sum p = 0.002) and GDF15 (paired Wilcoxon rank sum p<0.001) differed in MDC4 vs MDC0. Mitokine concentrations were correlated across all participants (r = 0.33; p<0.001). Unadjusted odds ratios of being MDC4 vs MDC0 were 5.2 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–25.92] for FGF21 and 3.5 (95%CI: 1.19–10.25) for GDF15. Relationships persisted after covariate adjustments. Conclusion: FGF21 and GDF15 levels may be useful biomarkers to screen for CPHIV with mitochondrial dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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17. Growth at age two in HIV-exposed uninfected children in the US by trimester of maternal antiretroviral initiation

Author

Jacobson, Denise L., Patel, Kunjal, Williams, Paige L., Geffner, Mitchell E., Siberry, George K., Dimeglio, Linda A., Crain, Marilyn J., Mirza, Ayesha, Chen, Janet S., McFarland, Elizabeth J., Kacanek, Deborah, Silio, Margarita, Rich, Kenneth, Borkowsky, William, Van Dyke, Russell B., and Miller, Tracie L.

Subjects
Adult, Body Weight, Mothers, HIV Infections, Article, Body Height, Time-to-Treatment, Child Development, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Maternal Exposure, Child, Preschool, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies
Abstract

Abnormal childhood growth may affect future health. Maternal tenofovir (TFV) use was associated with lower body length and head circumference at 1 year of age in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) US children.We studied 509 HEU children in the US-based Surveillance Monitoring of Antiretroviral Therapy Toxicities cohort whose HIV-infected mothers were not using antiretrovirals at the last menstrual period and began combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in pregnancy (cART initiators). We examined adjusted associations between antiretrovirals and Centers for Disease Control 2000 growth Z scores at 2 years of age within trimester of cART initiation: weight (weight Z score), length (length Z score), weight-for-length [weight-for-length Z score (WFLZ)], triceps skinfold Z score (TSFZ) and head circumference (head circumference Z score).Mothers mean age was 28.6 years; 57% were black non-Hispanic and 19% delivered at37 weeks gestation. At 2 years, mean weight Z score, length Z score, WFLZ and head circumference Z score were above average (P0.05), whereas TSFZ (P = 0.57) did not differ from average. WFLZ was1.64 standard deviation (SD) (95th percentile) in 13%. Among children of first-trimester cART initiators, TFV+emtricitabine-exposed children had slightly higher mean WFLZ (0.45 SD; 95% confidence interval: -0.10 to 1.00) and lower TSFZ (-0.55 SD; 95% confidence interval: -1.07 to -0.02) compared with zidovudine+lamivudine-exposed children. TSFZ was lower in those exposed to boosted protease inhibitors. In contrast, growth in children of second trimester cART initiators did not differ by antiretroviral exposures.Growth was above average in HEU; 13% were obese. Maternal TFV use was not associated with lower length or head circumference at 2 years of age, as hypothesized, but may be related to greater weight among those exposed to cART early in pregnancy.

Published
2017

18. High-level viremia in adults and children infected with human immunodeficiency virus: relation to disease stage and CD4+ lymphocyte levels

Author

Saag, Michael S., Crain, Marilyn J., Decker, W. Don, Campbell-Hill, Sherri, Robinson, Susan, Brown, William E., Leuther, Michael, Whitley, Richard J., Hahn, Beatrice H., and Shaw, George M.

Subjects
HIV infection -- Demographic aspects, HIV (Viruses), HIV infection -- Physiological aspects, Lymphocytes -- Analysis, Viremia -- Causes of, Health
Abstract

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-I) is characterized by the progressive deterioration of the immune and nervous systems and disorders of the blood, heart, lungs, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. The replication of HIV leads to high levels of the virus in the blood, and enhances the transmission and development of the disease. Studies show that HIV-I infects the CD4+ lymphocytes, a type of immune cell, in blood and brain cells derived from monocytes, a type of white blood cell. Increases in the number of infected cells and the quantity of viral DNA produced are associated with progression of HIV disease. HIV p24 antigen is a measure of HIV-1 replication and can be detected in the early stages of HIV disease and when there are low numbers of CD4+ cells. The presence of cell-free HIV in the blood (virus not associated with cells) is also a measure of HIV-1 replication and was shown to increase in relation to elevations in p24 antigen levels and disease progression. The relations between levels of cell-free HIV in the blood, patient age at diagnosis, number of CD4+ lymphocytes, indicators of HIV infection, clinical stage of disease, and response to antiviral agents were assessed in 68 adults and 9 children with HIV-I infection. Viremia, or the presence of cell-free HIV in the blood, had developed in 18 of 68 adults and 5 of 9 children. Among the adults, viremia was detected in none of the patients without symptoms; 4 of 34 patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC); and 14 of 15 patients with AIDS. Patients with CD4+ lymphocyte numbers greater than 400 per cubic millimeter had no viremia, whereas cell-free HIV was detected in the blood of 3 of 17 patients with CD4+ counts between 200 to 400 per cubic millimeter and 15 of 16 patients with less than 200 CD4+ lymphocytes per cubic millimeter. All children infected with HIV during pregnancy or childbirth developed viremia regardless of the number of CD4+ cells, duration of infection, or clinical stage. Viremia was less prevalent among children infected at an older age. The antiviral agent zidovudine was effective in decreasing the amount of cell-free HIV in eight patients. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

23. Antiretroviral Exposure During Pregnancy and Adverse Outcomes in HIV-exposed Uninfected Infants and Children Using a Trigger-based Design: The SMARTT Study

Author

WILLIAMS, Paige L., HAZRA, Rohan, VAN DYKE, Russell B., YILDIRIM, Cenk, CRAIN, Marilyn J., SEAGE, George R., CIVITELLO, Lucy, ELLIS, Angela, BUTLER, Laurie, and RICH, Kenneth

Subjects
Adult, Male, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Infant, Newborn, Infant, HIV Infections, Article, United States, Young Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Maternal Exposure, Pregnancy, Child, Preschool, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Child, Zidovudine
Abstract

To evaluate the safety of in-utero antiretroviral exposure in children born to mothers with HIV, using a trigger-based design.The Surveillance Monitoring of ART Toxicities Study is a prospective cohort study conducted at 22 US sites to evaluate safety of in-utero antiretroviral drug exposure in HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-infected mothers. Children meeting predefined clinical or laboratory thresholds have more intensive evaluations to determine whether they meet criteria for adverse events.Adverse event "cases" were defined for the following domains: growth, hearing, language, neurology, neurodevelopment, metabolic, hematologic/clinical chemistry and blood lactate. We used adjusted log-binomial models to calculate relative risks (RR) of case status overall and within individual domains for various antiretroviral exposures during pregnancy.Among 2680 youth enrolled between 2007 and 2012 (48% female, 66% black, 33% Hispanic), 48% met a trigger and 25% were defined as a case in at least one domain. Language (13.2%) and metabolic (11.4%) cases were most common. After adjustment for birth cohort and other factors, there was no association of any antiretroviral regimen, drug class, or individual drug with meeting overall case criteria (case in any domain). Within individual domains, zidovudine (74% exposed) was associated with increased risk of metabolic case [RR = 1.69, 95%confidence interval (CI) 1.08-2.64] and didanosine plus stavudine (1% exposed) with increased risk of both neurodevelopmental (RR = 12.40, 95%CI 5.29-29.08) and language (RR = 4.84, 95%CI 1.14-20.51) cases.Our findings support current recommendations for combination antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy, although higher risk of metabolic disorder with zidovudine exposure warrants further study.

Published
2016

30. Congenital Anomalies and In Utero Antiretroviral Exposure in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Exposed Uninfected Infants

Author

Williams, Paige L., primary, Crain, Marilyn J., additional, Yildirim, Cenk, additional, Hazra, Rohan, additional, Van Dyke, Russell B., additional, Rich, Kenneth, additional, Read, Jennifer S., additional, Stuard, Emma, additional, Rathore, Mobeen, additional, Mendez, Hermann A., additional, and Watts, D. Heather, additional

Published
2015
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44. Molecular Characterization of a Globally Distributed Lineage of Serotype 12FStreptococcus pneumoniaeCausing Invasive Disease

Author

Robinson, D. Ashley, primary, Turner, J. Scott, additional, Facklam, Richard R., additional, Parkinson, Alan J., additional, Breiman, Robert F., additional, Gratten, Mike, additional, Steinhoff, Mark C., additional, Hollingshead, Susan K., additional, Briles, David E., additional, and Crain, Marilyn J., additional

Published
1999
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45. Pneumococcal Diversity: Considerations for New Vaccine Strategies with Emphasis on Pneumococcal Surface Protein A (PspA)

Author

Briles, David E., primary, Tart, Rebecca Creech, additional, Swiatlo, Edwin, additional, Dillard, Joseph P., additional, Smith, Patricia, additional, Benton, Kimberly A., additional, Ralph, Beth A., additional, Brooks-Walter, Alexis, additional, Crain, Marilyn J., additional, Hollingshead, Susan K., additional, and McDaniel, Larry S., additional

Published
1998
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46. PspA and PspC: Their Potential for Use as Pneumococcal Vaccines

Author

BRILES, DAVID E., primary, HOLLINGSHEAD, SUSAN K., additional, SWIATLO, EDWIN, additional, BROOKS-WALTER, ALEXIS, additional, SZALAI, ALEX, additional, VIROLAINEN, ANNI, additional, McDANIEL, LARRY S., additional, BENTON, KIMBERLY A., additional, WHITE, PETER, additional, PRELLNER, KARIN, additional, HERMANSSON, ANNE, additional, AERTS, PIET C., additional, VAN DIJK, HANS, additional, and CRAIN, MARILYN J., additional

Published
1997
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47. Risk Factors for Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and Detection of a Multiply Resistant Clone among Children Living in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta Region of Alaska

Author

USSERY, XILLA T., primary, GESSNER, BRADFORD D., additional, LIPMAN, HARVEY, additional, ELLIOTT, JOHN A., additional, CRAIN, MARILYN J., additional, TIEN, PHYLLIS C., additional, PARKINSON, ALAN J., additional, DAVIDSON, MICHAEL, additional, FACKLAM, RICHARD R., additional, and BREIMAN, ROBERT F., additional

Published
1996
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49. Risk factors for nasopharyngeal carriage of non-susceptible pneumococcus and detection of a multiply resistant clone among children living in the Yukon- Koskokwim delta region of Alaska

Author

Ussery, Xilla T., primary, Gessner, Bradford D., additional, Lipman, Harvey, additional, Elliott, John A., additional, Crain, Marilyn J., additional, Tien, Phyllis C., additional, Parkinson, Alan J., additional, Davidson, Michael, additional, Facklam, Richard R., additional, and Breiman, Robert F., additional

Published
1996
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50. Phase I evaluation of zidovudine administered to infants exposed at birth to the human immunodeficiency virus

Author

Boucher, François D., primary, Modlin, John F., additional, Weller, Stephen, additional, Ruff, Andrea, additional, Mirochnick, Mark, additional, Pelton, Stephen, additional, Wilfert, Catherine, additional, McKinney, Ross, additional, Crain, Marilyn J., additional, Elkins, Mary Maha, additional, Blum, M. Robert, additional, and Prober, Charles G., additional

Published
1993
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