1. Retraction Notice to: Downregulation of p53-inducible microRNAs 192, 194, and 215 Impairs the p53/MDM2 Autoregulatory Loop in Multiple Myeloma Development
- Author
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Flavia Pichiorri, Sung-Suk Suh, Alberto Rocci, Luciana De Luca, Cristian Taccioli, Ramasamy Santhanam, Wenchao Zhou, Don M. Benson, Craig Hofmainster, Hansjuerg Alder, Michela Garofalo, Gianpiero Di Leva, Stefano Volinia, Huey-Jen Lin, Danilo Perrotti, Michael Kuehl, Rami I. Aqeilan, Antonio Palumbo, and Carlo M. Croce
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Down-Regulation ,Models, Biological ,Article ,Receptor, IGF Type 1 ,Mice ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Animals ,Homeostasis ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,RNA, Messenger ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,Cell Proliferation ,Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ,Cell Cycle ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 ,DNA Methylation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,Oncology ,Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ,Multiple Myeloma ,Precancerous Conditions ,Mutagens - Abstract
In multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable B cell neoplasm, mutation or deletion of p53 is rarely detected at diagnosis. Using small-molecule inhibitors of MDM2, we provide evidence that miR-192, 194, and 215, which are downregulated in a subset of newly diagnosed MMs, can be transcriptionally activated by p53 and then modulate MDM2 expression. Furthermore, ectopic re-expression of these miRNAs in MM cells increases the therapeutic action of MDM2 inhibitors in vitro and in vivo by enhancing their p53-activating effects. In addition, miR-192 and 215 target the IGF pathway, preventing enhanced migration of plasma cells into bone marrow. The results suggest that these miRNAs are positive regulators of p53 and that their downregulation plays a key role in MM development.
- Published
- 2022