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3. Does the Farming Method Influence the Porcine Vomeronasal Organ Condition? A Histological Study.

Author

Mechin, Violaine, Asproni, Pietro, Teruel, Eva, Boutry, Marion, Cozzi, Alessandro, and Pageat, Patrick

Subjects
VOMERONASAL organ, AGRICULTURAL exhibitions, AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURAL intensification, SOCIAL hierarchies, SWINE
Abstract

Simple Summary: The vomeronasal organ is essential for chemical communication in many species, particularly in pigs, in which the establishment of a social hierarchy in groups is crucial. Alterations to the vomeronasal organ have been shown to be linked to aggressive behaviors in this species. Moreover, it was recently demonstrated in a mouse model that the environmental air composition can impact the condition of the vomeronasal organ. As pigs can be farmed in intensive and free-range farming conditions, the aim of this study was to analyze whether the porcine farming method influences the condition of the vomeronasal organ using a histological approach. The results showed that pigs housed in free-range farming conditions exhibited more alterations in their vomeronasal organs than did those housed in intensive conditions. The vomeronasal organ (VNO) plays a key role in mammals, since it detects pheromones thus enabling social interactions between congeners. VNO inflammatory changes have been shown to severely impact animal life, leading to impaired social interactions in groups, such as in pigs. Environmental air is known to be strongly modified in farms, and it is suspected to be one of the causes of this alteration. This study aimed to compare via histology the VNOs of pigs housed in intensive conditions (n = 38) to those of pigs housed in free-range farming conditions (n = 35). VNO sections were stained in hematoxylin and eosin to assess the presence of nonsensory and sensory epithelium alterations and collagenolysis. The nonsensory epithelium was significantly more inflamed in animals in free-range farming conditions than those in intensive conditions (p < 0.0001) and was more strongly affected by signs of collagenolysis (p < 0.0001). The sensory epithelium seemed to be less altered by the different environmental conditions (p = 0.7267). These results suggest that species-typical pig behaviors, such as digging and rooting for food, could facilitate the presence of microparticles in the oral cavity and their entrance into the vomeronasal canals, leading to changes to the VNO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Is There a Link between Vomeronasalitis and Aggression in Stable Social Groups of Female Pigs?

Author

Asproni, Pietro, Mainau, Eva, Cozzi, Alessandro, Carreras, Ricard, Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile, Teruel, Eva, Pageat, Patrick, Asproni, Pietro, Mainau, Eva, Cozzi, Alessandro, Carreras, Ricard, Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile, Teruel, Eva, and Pageat, Patrick

Abstract

The vomeronasal organ plays a key role in intraspecific animal behavior since it is able to detect pheromones. Induced and spontaneous lesions of this structure have been previously associated with various social behavior alterations in animals. In cats, the inflammation of this organ, named vomeronasalitis, has been associated with the presence of aggression towards other cats. The aim of this study was to describe this pathology in farm pigs and to evaluate if it is associated with social alterations as described in cats. Our study showed that farm pigs can be affected by the inflammation of the vomeronasal organ and that the pigs with this alteration present an increased number of skin lesions induced by fights with other pigs. These results open an interesting perspective that links the alteration of this organ to the presence of aggressive behaviors in farm animals, which implicates an important issue in animal welfare. The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a bilateral chemosensory structure strongly involved in animal behaviour, thanks to its sensory epithelium (VNSE) that detects pheromones. Experimental VNO lesions can impair social, reproductive and maternal behaviour, while feline spontaneous vomeronasalitis has been associated with aggression. This study aimed to describe vomeronasalitis in farm pigs and explore its association with intraspecific behavioural alterations. Using 38 six-month-old pigs, the skin lesion score based on Welfare Quality ® protocols was obtained during the fattening period. The seventy-six VNOs from these pigs were stained in haematoxylin-eosin for histological examinations. VNSE inflammation was classified considering its intensity. Skin lesions data were compared to vomeronasalitis. There were 34% of pigs that showed unilateral VNSE inflammation, while 66% were bilaterally affected. The mean ± SD number of skin lesions/animal was 4.4 ± 2.82, and 34% of pigs scored 1 (moderately wounded animals) at least once during the fattening period

Published
2022

14. Dental Pain in Cats: A Prospective 6-Month Study

Author

Palmeira, Isabel, primary, Fonseca, Maria João, additional, Lafont-Lecuelle, Céline, additional, Pageat, Patrick, additional, Cozzi, Alessandro, additional, Asproni, Pietro, additional, Requicha, João Filipe, additional, and de Oliveira, Joana, additional

Published
2022
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30. How inflammation interferes with vomeronasal chemoreception in pigs: an immunohistochemical study

Author

Asproni, Pietro, Mechin, Violaine, Cozzi, Alessandro, Chabaud, Camille, Lafont-Lecuelle, Céline, Mainau, Eva, Nagnan-Le Meillour, Patricia, Pageat, Patrick, Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile, Institut de Recherche en Sémiochimie et Ethologie Appliquée (IRSEA ), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Événement(s) lié(s) : - Symposium on Bariatric Surgery and its Effects on Taste and Food Selection; Bonita Springs (Floride) (USA) - (2018-04-16 - 2018-04-17)- 28. Annual Meeting of the European-Chemoreception-Research-Organization; Bonita Springs (Floride) (USA) - (2018-04-16 - 2018-04-17)- European-Chemoreception-Research-Organization; Bonita Springs (Floride) (USA) - (2018-04-16 - 2018-04-17); International audience

Published
2018

34. Dog appeasing pheromone prevents the androgen surge and may reduce contact dominance and active submission after stressful interventions in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus)

Author

Van den Berghe, Femke, primary, Paris, Monique C. J., additional, Sarnyai, Zoltan, additional, Vlamings, Bart, additional, Millar, Robert P., additional, Ganswindt, Andre, additional, Cozzi, Alessandro, additional, Pageat, Patrick, additional, and Paris, Damien B. B. P., additional

Published
2019
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36. Effect of handling and crowding on the susceptibility of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) to Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) copepodids.

Author

Delfosse, Cyril, Pageat, Patrick, Lafont‐Lecuelle, Céline, Asproni, Pietro, Chabaud, Camille, Cozzi, Alessandro, and Bienboire‐Frosini, Cécile

Subjects
ATLANTIC salmon, PHYSIOLOGICAL stress, LEPEOPHTHEIRUS salmonis, HOST-parasite relationships, NEUTROPHILS, PEDICULOSIS, SALMON farming
Abstract

Lepeophtheirus salmonis is an ectoparasite causing economic concerns in Atlantic salmon farming. Salmon lice infestation management methods can be stressful and impact fish welfare. This work investigated the stress effect on the attachment of L. salmonis copepodids to Atlantic salmon through two approaches: (a) handling by netting and air exposure (acute stress), and (b) crowding with restricted surface access in a tank (chronic stress). In the first experiment, we compared the number of attached L. salmonis and cortisol levels between a group of handled salmon and a control group. In the second experiment, a group of densely packed salmon was compared to a control group based on the number of attached copepodids, cortisol levels and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratios. Handled salmon showed significantly higher plasma cortisol levels (p <.001) and more attached copepodids (p =.01) than control salmon. Conversely, the cortisol level and number of attached copepodids were not significantly different between the densely packed and control salmon (p >.05). The neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio was significantly higher (p =.0014) in the densely packed salmon than in the control salmon. Handling salmon increased their risk of infestation by L. salmonis. This has implications for reinfestation rates following delousing treatments in commercial salmon aquaculture, which often involve crowding and handling salmon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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41. The effects of a synthetic analogue of the Bovine Appeasing Pheromone on milk yield and composition in Valdostana dairy cows during the move from winter housing to confined lowland pastures

Author

Osella, Maria Cristina, primary, Cozzi, Alessandro, additional, Spegis, Claudio, additional, Turille, Germano, additional, Barmaz, Andrea, additional, Lecuelle, Céline Lafont, additional, Teruel, Eva, additional, Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile, additional, Chabaud, Camille, additional, Bougrat, Laurent, additional, and Pageat, Patrick, additional

Published
2018
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43. Isolation and characterization of olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells from eight mammalian genera

Author

Veron, Antoine D., primary, Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile, additional, Feron, François, additional, Codecasa, Elisa, additional, Deveze, Arnaud, additional, Royer, Dany, additional, Watelet, Paul, additional, Asproni, Pietro, additional, Sadelli, Kevin, additional, Chabaud, Camille, additional, Stamegna, Jean-claude, additional, Fagot, Joël, additional, Khrestchatisky, Michel, additional, Cozzi, Alessandro, additional, Roman, François S., additional, Pageat, Patrick, additional, Mengoli, Manuel, additional, and Girard, Stéphane D., additional

Published
2018
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44. Behavioural modification in sheltered dogs

Author

Cozzi, Alessandro, Mariti, Chiara, Ogi, Asahi, Sighieri, Claudio, and Gazzano, Angelo

Subjects
animal welfare, behavior, dog, shelter, stress, stress, behavior, shelter, dog, animal welfare
Published
2016

46. Preliminary findings on the effect of the pig appeasing pheromone in a slow releasing block on the welfare of pigs at weaning

Author

Temple, Déborah, Barthélémy, Héloïse, Mainau, Eva, Cozzi, Alessandro, Amat Grau, Marta, Canozzi, Maria Eugênia, Pageat, Patrick, Manteca Vilanova, Xavier, Temple, Déborah, Barthélémy, Héloïse, Mainau, Eva, Cozzi, Alessandro, Amat Grau, Marta, Canozzi, Maria Eugênia, Pageat, Patrick, and Manteca Vilanova, Xavier

Abstract

The pig appeasing pheromone (PAP) applied in spray has shown to be effective in reducing the frequency of aggression and the stress response of young and adult pigs under experimental conditions. This preliminary experiment investigates the effect of the PAP in a slow releasing block on the behaviour and skin lesions of weaners after mixing on a commercial farm. Two identical rooms containing six replicates per treatment of a commercial weaner building were used. There were two treatments (PAP block and Control) and each room contained one treatment. In the PAP treatment, the day before weaning and after washing and disinfection, two PAP blocks (1 block / 20 m 2) were placed hanging on top of the pens. Six hours after mixing, there was a significant effect of the PAP block treatment on the occurrence of social negative behaviour (PAP mean; median [95 % CI] for median = 3.6; 2.7 [1.5-5.4] % vs. Control 8.3; 8.7 [6.1-11.3] % P = 0.003, social positive behaviour (PAP 5.5; 5.1 [4.5-6.8] % vs. Control 1.4; 1.3 [0-2.8] % P = 0.02), feeding (PAP 9.1; 7.4 [5.5-16.5] % vs. Control 1.6; 0.0 [0-6.1] % P = 0.02, drinking (PAP 3.1; 2.9 [2.5-3.9] % vs. Control 0.8; 0.5 [0-1.7] % P = 0.04) as well as on the sitting position (PAP 1.2; 0.9 [0-2.4] % vs. Control 4.1; 4.2 [2.1-6.0] % P = 0.02). Except for social positive behaviour (PAP 5.6; 6.0 [3.9-7.5] % vs. Control 2.9; 2.8 [1.6-4.2] % P = 0.02) those differences were not significant 24 h post-mixing anymore. The prevalence of wounded animals was not significantly different between treatments. The PAP in block form may be a promising tool to reduce food neophobia and aggression after mixing. Still, further research is needed to increase the effect of the PAP block over time under commercial farming conditions.

Published
2016

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