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1. IMRA/SRS Delphi consensus on international standards for common core components of robotic surgical training design

Author

Wynn, Jessica, Costello, Anthony, Larkins, Kirsten, Costello, Daniel, Ghazi, Ahmed, Ryan, Kieran, Barry, Kevin, Gray, Matthew, Gallagher, Anthony, Hung, Andrew, Heriot, Alexander, Warrier, Satish, Reeves, Farleigh, Collins, Justin, Dundee, Phil, Peters, Justin, Homewood, David, Driscoll, Dean, Niall, Owen, Fay, Tayla, Sachdeva, Ajit, Woo, Henry, Satava, Richard, and Mohan, Helen

Published
2024
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3. A polygenic two-hit hypothesis for prostate cancer

Author

Houlahan, Kathleen E, Livingstone, Julie, Fox, Natalie S, Kurganovs, Natalie, Zhu, Helen, Sietsma Penington, Jocelyn, Jung, Chol-Hee, Yamaguchi, Takafumi N, Heisler, Lawrence E, Jovelin, Richard, Costello, Anthony J, Pope, Bernard J, Kishan, Amar U, Corcoran, Niall M, Bristow, Robert G, Waszak, Sebastian M, Weischenfeldt, Joachim, He, Housheng H, Hung, Rayjean J, Hovens, Christopher M, and Boutros, Paul C

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Genetics, Aging, Prostate Cancer, Urologic Diseases, Prevention, Genetic Testing, Human Genome, Good Health and Well Being, Male, Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Prognosis, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

Prostate cancer is one of the most heritable cancers. Hundreds of germline polymorphisms have been linked to prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Polygenic risk scores can predict genetic risk of a prostate cancer diagnosis. Although these scores inform the probability of developing a tumor, it remains unknown how germline risk influences the tumor molecular evolution. We cultivated a cohort of 1250 localized European-descent patients with germline and somatic DNA profiling. Men of European descent with higher genetic risk were diagnosed earlier and had less genomic instability and fewer driver genes mutated. Higher genetic risk was associated with better outcome. These data imply a polygenic "two-hit" model where germline risk reduces the number of somatic alterations required for tumorigenesis. These findings support further clinical studies of polygenic risk scores as inexpensive and minimally invasive adjuncts to standard risk stratification. Further studies are required to interrogate generalizability to more ancestrally and clinically diverse populations.

Published
2023

4. The 2024 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: facing record-breaking threats from delayed action

Author

Romanello, Marina, Walawender, Maria, Hsu, Shih-Che, Moskeland, Annalyse, Palmeiro-Silva, Yasna, Scamman, Daniel, Ali, Zakari, Ameli, Nadia, Angelova, Denitsa, Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja, Basart, Sara, Beagley, Jessica, Beggs, Paul J, Blanco-Villafuerte, Luciana, Cai, Wenjia, Callaghan, Max, Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid, Chambers, Jonathan D, Chicmana-Zapata, Victoria, Chu, Lingzhi, Cross, Troy J, van Daalen, Kim R, Dalin, Carole, Dasandi, Niheer, Dasgupta, Shouro, Davies, Michael, Dubrow, Robert, Eckelman, Matthew J, Ford, James D, Freyberg, Chris, Gasparyan, Olga, Gordon-Strachan, Georgiana, Grubb, Michael, Gunther, Samuel H, Hamilton, Ian, Hang, Yun, Hänninen, Risto, Hartinger, Stella, He, Kehan, Heidecke, Julian, Hess, Jeremy J, Jamart, Louis, Jankin, Slava, Jatkar, Harshavardhan, Jay, Ollie, Kelman, Ilan, Kennard, Harry, Kiesewetter, Gregor, Kinney, Patrick, Kniveton, Dominic, Kouznetsov, Rostislav, Lampard, Pete, Lee, Jason K W, Lemke, Bruno, Li, Bo, Liu, Yang, Liu, Zhao, Llabrés-Brustenga, Alba, Lott, Melissa, Lowe, Rachel, Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime, Maslin, Mark, McAllister, Lucy, McMichael, Celia, Mi, Zhifu, Milner, James, Minor, Kelton, Minx, Jan, Mohajeri, Nahid, Momen, Natalie C, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Morrisey, Karyn, Munzert, Simon, Murray, Kris A, Obradovich, Nick, O'Hare, Megan B, Oliveira, Camile, Oreszczyn, Tadj, Otto, Matthias, Owfi, Fereidoon, Pearman, Olivia L, Pega, Frank, Perishing, Andrew J, Pinho-Gomes, Ana-Catarina, Ponmattam, Jamie, Rabbaniha, Mahnaz, Rickman, Jamie, Robinson, Elizabeth, Rocklöv, Joacim, Rojas-Rueda, David, Salas, Renee N, Semenza, Jan C, Sherman, Jodi D, Shumake-Guillemot, Joy, Singh, Pratik, Sjödin, Henrik, Slater, Jessica, Sofiev, Mikhail, Sorensen, Cecilia, Springmann, Marco, Stalhandske, Zélie, Stowell, Jennifer D, Tabatabaei, Meisam, Taylor, Jonathon, Tong, Daniel, Tonne, Cathryn, Treskova, Marina, Trinanes, Joaquin A, Uppstu, Andreas, Wagner, Fabian, Warnecke, Laura, Whitcombe, Hannah, Xian, Peng, Zavaleta-Cortijo, Carol, Zhang, Chi, Zhang, Ran, Zhang, Shihui, Zhang, Ying, Zhu, Qiao, Gong, Peng, Montgomery, Hugh, and Costello, Anthony

Published
2024
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5. The Impact of Excluding Adverse Neonatal Outcomes on the Creation of Gestational Weight Gain Charts Among Women from Low- and Middle-income Countries with Normal and Overweight BMI

Author

Accrombessi, Manfred, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Alves, João Guilherme, Leal de Araújo, Carla Adriane, Arifeen, Shams, Artes, Rinaldo, Ashorn, Per, Ashorn, Ulla, Assefa, Nega, Ayoola, Omolola Olukemi, Azizi, Fereidoun, Bawah, Ahmed Tijani, Behboudi-Gandevani, Samira, Berhane, Yemane, Bernstein, Robin, Bhutta, Zulfiqar, Briand, Valérie, Calvo, Elvira Beatriz, Cardoso, Marly Augusto, Cheng, Yue, Chico-Barba, Gabriela, Clayton, Peter Ellis, Collins, Shalean M, Costello, Anthony M, Cruickshank, John Kennedy, Devakumar, Delanjathan, Dewey, Kathryn G, Dwarkanath, Pratibha, Estrada-Gutierrez, Guadalupe, Fair, Frankie J, Farias, Dayana Rodrigues, Friis, Henrik, Ghosh, Shibani, Girard, Amy Webb, Gomo, Exnevia, Gondwe, Austrida, Hallamaa, Lotta, Hambidge, K Michael, Hussein, Hawawu, Huybregts, Lieven, Iqbal, Romaina, Katz, Joanne, Khatry, Subarna K, Kolsteren, Patrick, Krebs, Nancy F, Kulmala, Teija, Kumar, Pratap, Kurpad, Anura V, Lachat, Carl, Lartey, Anna, Lauer, Jacqueline M, Li, Qian, Lipoeto, Nur Indrawaty, López, Laura Beatriz, Loy, See Ling, Maiya, G Arun, Maleta, Kenneth, Malta, Maíra Barreto, Manandhar, Dharma S, Mangani, Charles, Martínez-Rojano, Hugo, Martin-Prevel, Yves, Martorell, Reynaldo, Matias, Susana L, McClure, Elizabeth M, Melse-Boonstra, Alida, Miller, Joshua D, Mohamad, Marhazlina, Jan Mohamed, Hamid Jan, Moore, Sophie, Mosquera, Paola Soledad, Mridha, Malay Kanti, Munim, Shama, Muñoz-Manrique, Cinthya, Natamba, Barnabas K, Ome-Kaius, Maria, Osrin, David, Perichart-Perera, Otilia, Prentice, Andrew M, Ramachandra, Preetha, Ramakrishnan, Usha, Rivera, Juan, Roberfroid, Dominique, Rodrigues, Patricia Lima, Rodríguez-Cano, Ameyalli, Rogerson, Stephen J, Rondó, Patricia HC, Sámano, Reyna, Saville, Naomi M, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shrestha, Bhim P, Shrestha, Robin, Roberto da Silva Júnior, José, Soltani, Hora, Soofi, Sajid, Tehrani, Fahimeh Ramezani, Thomas, Tinku, Tielsch, James M, Unger, Holger W, Vaz, Juliana dos Santos, Worku, Alemayehu, Yang, Nianhong, Young, Sera L, Yussif, Adam Bawa, Zeng, Lingxia, Zhong, Chunrong, Zhu, Zhonghai, Rangel Bousquet Carrilho, Thais, Wang, Dongqing, Hutcheon, Jennifer A, Wang, Molin, Fawzi, Wafaie W, and Kac, Gilberto

Published
2024
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7. Genomic evolution shapes prostate cancer disease type

Author

Woodcock, Dan J., Sahli, Atef, Teslo, Ruxandra, Bhandari, Vinayak, Gruber, Andreas J., Ziubroniewicz, Aleksandra, Gundem, Gunes, Xu, Yaobo, Butler, Adam, Anokian, Ezequiel, Pope, Bernard J., Jung, Chol-Hee, Tarabichi, Maxime, Dentro, Stefan C., Farmery, J. Henry R., Van Loo, Peter, Warren, Anne Y., Gnanapragasam, Vincent, Hamdy, Freddie C., Bova, G. Steven, Foster, Christopher S., Neal, David E., Lu, Yong-Jie, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Fraser, Michael, Bristow, Robert G., Boutros, Paul C., Costello, Anthony J., Corcoran, Niall M., Hovens, Christopher M., Massie, Charlie E., Lynch, Andy G., Brewer, Daniel S., Eeles, Rosalind A., Cooper, Colin S., and Wedge, David C.

Published
2024
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8. Genetic factors associated with prostate cancer conversion from active surveillance to treatment

Author

Jiang, Yu, Meyers, Travis J, Emeka, Adaeze A, Cooley, Lauren Folgosa, Cooper, Phillip R, Lancki, Nicola, Helenowski, Irene, Kachuri, Linda, Lin, Daniel W, Stanford, Janet L, Newcomb, Lisa F, Kolb, Suzanne, Finelli, Antonio, Fleshner, Neil E, Komisarenko, Maria, Eastham, James A, Ehdaie, Behfar, Benfante, Nicole, Logothetis, Christopher J, Gregg, Justin R, Perez, Cherie A, Garza, Sergio, Kim, Jeri, Marks, Leonard S, Delfin, Merdie, Barsa, Danielle, Vesprini, Danny, Klotz, Laurence H, Loblaw, Andrew, Mamedov, Alexandre, Goldenberg, S Larry, Higano, Celestia S, Spillane, Maria, Wu, Eugenia, Carter, H Ballentine, Pavlovich, Christian P, Mamawala, Mufaddal, Landis, Tricia, Carroll, Peter R, Chan, June M, Cooperberg, Matthew R, Cowan, Janet E, Morgan, Todd M, Siddiqui, Javed, Martin, Rabia, Klein, Eric A, Brittain, Karen, Gotwald, Paige, Barocas, Daniel A, Dallmer, Jeremiah R, Gordetsky, Jennifer B, Steele, Pam, Kundu, Shilajit D, Stockdale, Jazmine, Roobol, Monique J, Venderbos, Lionne DF, Sanda, Martin G, Arnold, Rebecca, Patil, Dattatraya, Evans, Christopher P, Dall’Era, Marc A, Vij, Anjali, Costello, Anthony J, Chow, Ken, Corcoran, Niall M, Rais-Bahrami, Soroush, Phares, Courtney, Scherr, Douglas S, Flynn, Thomas, Karnes, R Jeffrey, Koch, Michael, Dhondt, Courtney Rose, Nelson, Joel B, McBride, Dawn, Cookson, Michael S, Stratton, Kelly L, Farriester, Stephen, Hemken, Erin, Stadler, Walter M, Pera, Tuula, Banionyte, Deimante, Bianco, Fernando J, Lopez, Isabel H, Loeb, Stacy, Taneja, Samir S, Byrne, Nataliya, Amling, Christopher L, Martinez, Ann, Boileau, Luc, Gaylis, Franklin D, Petkewicz, Jacqueline, Kirwen, Nicholas, Helfand, Brian T, Xu, Jianfeng, Scholtens, Denise M, Catalona, William J, and Witte, John S

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Clinical Research, Prevention, Human Genome, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Urologic Diseases, Aging, Cancer, Prostate Cancer, genetics, genome-wide association study, prostate, prostatic neoplasms
Abstract

Men diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer (PC) are increasingly electing active surveillance (AS) as their initial management strategy. While this may reduce the side effects of treatment for prostate cancer, many men on AS eventually convert to active treatment. PC is one of the most heritable cancers, and genetic factors that predispose to aggressive tumors may help distinguish men who are more likely to discontinue AS. To investigate this, we undertook a multi-institutional genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 5,222 PC patients and 1,139 other patients from replication cohorts, all of whom initially elected AS and were followed over time for the potential outcome of conversion from AS to active treatment. In the GWAS we detected 18 variants associated with conversion, 15 of which were not previously associated with PC risk. With a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), we found two genes associated with conversion (MAST3, p = 6.9×10-7 and GAB2, p = 2.0×10-6). Moreover, increasing values of a previously validated 269-variant genetic risk score (GRS) for PC was positively associated with conversion (e.g., comparing the highest to the two middle deciles gave a hazard ratio [HR] = 1.13; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]= 0.94-1.36); whereas, decreasing values of a 36-variant GRS for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were positively associated with conversion (e.g., comparing the lowest to the two middle deciles gave a HR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50). These results suggest that germline genetics may help inform and individualize the decision of AS-or the intensity of monitoring on AS-versus treatment for the initial management of patients with low-risk PC.

Published
2022

11. Effective immunity and second waves: a dynamic causal modelling study

Author

Friston, Karl J., Parr, Thomas, Zeidman, Peter, Razi, Adeel, Flandin, Guillaume, Daunizeau, Jean, Hulme, Oliver J., Billig, Alexander J., Litvak, Vladimir, Price, Cathy J., Moran, Rosalyn J., Costello, Anthony, Pillay, Deenan, and Lambert, Christian

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, q-bio.QM
Abstract

This technical report addresses a pressing issue in the trajectory of the coronavirus outbreak; namely, the rate at which effective immunity is lost following the first wave of the pandemic. This is a crucial epidemiological parameter that speaks to both the consequences of relaxing lockdown and the propensity for a second wave of infections. Using a dynamic causal model of reported cases and deaths from multiple countries, we evaluated the evidence models of progressively longer periods of immunity. The results speak to an effective population immunity of about three months that, under the model, defers any second wave for approximately six months in most countries. This may have implications for the window of opportunity for tracking and tracing, as well as for developing vaccination programmes, and other therapeutic interventions., Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables (technical report)

Published
2020

12. The 2023 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms

Author

Romanello, Marina, Napoli, Claudia di, Green, Carole, Kennard, Harry, Lampard, Pete, Scamman, Daniel, Walawender, Maria, Ali, Zakari, Ameli, Nadia, Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja, Beggs, Paul J, Belesova, Kristine, Berrang Ford, Lea, Bowen, Kathryn, Cai, Wenjia, Callaghan, Max, Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid, Chambers, Jonathan, Cross, Troy J, van Daalen, Kim R, Dalin, Carole, Dasandi, Niheer, Dasgupta, Shouro, Davies, Michael, Dominguez-Salas, Paula, Dubrow, Robert, Ebi, Kristie L, Eckelman, Matthew, Ekins, Paul, Freyberg, Chris, Gasparyan, Olga, Gordon-Strachan, Georgiana, Graham, Hilary, Gunther, Samuel H, Hamilton, Ian, Hang, Yun, Hänninen, Risto, Hartinger, Stella, He, Kehan, Heidecke, Julian, Hess, Jeremy J, Hsu, Shih-Che, Jamart, Louis, Jankin, Slava, Jay, Ollie, Kelman, Ilan, Kiesewetter, Gregor, Kinney, Patrick, Kniveton, Dominic, Kouznetsov, Rostislav, Larosa, Francesca, Lee, Jason K W, Lemke, Bruno, Liu, Yang, Liu, Zhao, Lott, Melissa, Lotto Batista, Martín, Lowe, Rachel, Odhiambo Sewe, Maquins, Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime, Maslin, Mark, McAllister, Lucy, McMichael, Celia, Mi, Zhifu, Milner, James, Minor, Kelton, Minx, Jan C, Mohajeri, Nahid, Momen, Natalie C, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Morrissey, Karyn, Munzert, Simon, Murray, Kris A, Neville, Tara, Nilsson, Maria, Obradovich, Nick, O'Hare, Megan B, Oliveira, Camile, Oreszczyn, Tadj, Otto, Matthias, Owfi, Fereidoon, Pearman, Olivia, Pega, Frank, Pershing, Andrew, Rabbaniha, Mahnaz, Rickman, Jamie, Robinson, Elizabeth J Z, Rocklöv, Joacim, Salas, Renee N, Semenza, Jan C, Sherman, Jodi D, Shumake-Guillemot, Joy, Silbert, Grant, Sofiev, Mikhail, Springmann, Marco, Stowell, Jennifer D, Tabatabaei, Meisam, Taylor, Jonathon, Thompson, Ross, Tonne, Cathryn, Treskova, Marina, Trinanes, Joaquin A, Wagner, Fabian, Warnecke, Laura, Whitcombe, Hannah, Winning, Matthew, Wyns, Arthur, Yglesias-González, Marisol, Zhang, Shihui, Zhang, Ying, Zhu, Qiao, Gong, Peng, Montgomery, Hugh, and Costello, Anthony

Published
2023
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14. Implementation of Germline Testing for Prostate Cancer: Philadelphia Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference 2019.

Author

Giri, Veda N, Knudsen, Karen E, Kelly, William K, Cheng, Heather H, Cooney, Kathleen A, Cookson, Michael S, Dahut, William, Weissman, Scott, Soule, Howard R, Petrylak, Daniel P, Dicker, Adam P, AlDubayan, Saud H, Toland, Amanda E, Pritchard, Colin C, Pettaway, Curtis A, Daly, Mary B, Mohler, James L, Parsons, J Kellogg, Carroll, Peter R, Pilarski, Robert, Blanco, Amie, Woodson, Ashley, Rahm, Alanna, Taplin, Mary-Ellen, Polascik, Thomas J, Helfand, Brian T, Hyatt, Colette, Morgans, Alicia K, Feng, Felix, Mullane, Michael, Powers, Jacqueline, Concepcion, Raoul, Lin, Daniel W, Wender, Richard, Mark, James Ryan, Costello, Anthony, Burnett, Arthur L, Sartor, Oliver, Isaacs, William B, Xu, Jianfeng, Weitzel, Jeffrey, Andriole, Gerald L, Beltran, Himisha, Briganti, Alberto, Byrne, Lindsey, Calvaresi, Anne, Chandrasekar, Thenappan, Chen, David YT, Den, Robert B, Dobi, Albert, Crawford, E David, Eastham, James, Eggener, Scott, Freedman, Matthew L, Garnick, Marc, Gomella, Patrick T, Handley, Nathan, Hurwitz, Mark D, Izes, Joseph, Karnes, R Jeffrey, Lallas, Costas, Languino, Lucia, Loeb, Stacy, Lopez, Ana Maria, Loughlin, Kevin R, Lu-Yao, Grace, Malkowicz, S Bruce, Mann, Mark, Mille, Patrick, Miner, Martin M, Morgan, Todd, Moreno, Jose, Mucci, Lorelei, Myers, Ronald E, Nielsen, Sarah M, O'Neil, Brock, Pinover, Wayne, Pinto, Peter, Poage, Wendy, Raj, Ganesh V, Rebbeck, Timothy R, Ryan, Charles, Sandler, Howard, Schiewer, Matthew, Scott, E Michael D, Szymaniak, Brittany, Tester, William, Trabulsi, Edouard J, Vapiwala, Neha, Yu, Evan Y, Zeigler-Johnson, Charnita, and Gomella, Leonard G

Subjects
Biotechnology, Aging, Genetics, Prevention, Clinical Research, Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Genetic Testing, Urologic Diseases, Health Services, Good Health and Well Being, Germ-Line Mutation, History, 20th Century, Humans, Male, Prostatic Neoplasms, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract

PurposeGermline testing (GT) is a central feature of prostate cancer (PCA) treatment, management, and hereditary cancer assessment. Critical needs include optimized multigene testing strategies that incorporate evolving genetic data, consistency in GT indications and management, and alternate genetic evaluation models that address the rising demand for genetic services.MethodsA multidisciplinary consensus conference that included experts, stakeholders, and national organization leaders was convened in response to current practice challenges and to develop a genetic implementation framework. Evidence review informed questions using the modified Delphi model. The final framework included criteria with strong (> 75%) agreement (Recommend) or moderate (50% to 74%) agreement (Consider).ResultsLarge germline panels and somatic testing were recommended for metastatic PCA. Reflex testing-initial testing of priority genes followed by expanded testing-was suggested for multiple scenarios. Metastatic disease or family history suggestive of hereditary PCA was recommended for GT. Additional family history and pathologic criteria garnered moderate consensus. Priority genes to test for metastatic disease treatment included BRCA2, BRCA1, and mismatch repair genes, with broader testing, such as ATM, for clinical trial eligibility. BRCA2 was recommended for active surveillance discussions. Screening starting at age 40 years or 10 years before the youngest PCA diagnosis in a family was recommended for BRCA2 carriers, with consideration in HOXB13, BRCA1, ATM, and mismatch repair carriers. Collaborative (point-of-care) evaluation models between health care and genetic providers was endorsed to address the genetic counseling shortage. The genetic evaluation framework included optimal pretest informed consent, post-test discussion, cascade testing, and technology-based approaches.ConclusionThis multidisciplinary, consensus-driven PCA genetic implementation framework provides novel guidance to clinicians and patients tailored to the precision era. Multiple research, education, and policy needs remain of importance.

Published
2020

16. Surgical Anatomy of the Prostate

Author

Costello, Anthony J., Costello, Daniel M., Ren, Shancheng, editor, Nathan, Senthil, editor, Pavan, Nicola, editor, Gu, Di, editor, Sridhar, Ashwin, editor, and Autorino, Riccardo, editor

Published
2022
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19. The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels

Author

Romanello, Marina, Di Napoli, Claudia, Drummond, Paul, Green, Carole, Kennard, Harry, Lampard, Pete, Scamman, Daniel, Arnell, Nigel, Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja, Ford, Lea Berrang, Belesova, Kristine, Bowen, Kathryn, Cai, Wenjia, Callaghan, Max, Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid, Chambers, Jonathan, van Daalen, Kim R, Dalin, Carole, Dasandi, Niheer, Dasgupta, Shouro, Davies, Michael, Dominguez-Salas, Paula, Dubrow, Robert, Ebi, Kristie L, Eckelman, Matthew, Ekins, Paul, Escobar, Luis E, Georgeson, Lucien, Graham, Hilary, Gunther, Samuel H, Hamilton, Ian, Hang, Yun, Hänninen, Risto, Hartinger, Stella, He, Kehan, Hess, Jeremy J, Hsu, Shih-Che, Jankin, Slava, Jamart, Louis, Jay, Ollie, Kelman, Ilan, Kiesewetter, Gregor, Kinney, Patrick, Kjellstrom, Tord, Kniveton, Dominic, Lee, Jason K W, Lemke, Bruno, Liu, Yang, Liu, Zhao, Lott, Melissa, Batista, Martin Lotto, Lowe, Rachel, MacGuire, Frances, Sewe, Maquins Odhiambo, Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime, Maslin, Mark, McAllister, Lucy, McGushin, Alice, McMichael, Celia, Mi, Zhifu, Milner, James, Minor, Kelton, Minx, Jan C, Mohajeri, Nahid, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Morrissey, Karyn, Munzert, Simon, Murray, Kris A, Neville, Tara, Nilsson, Maria, Obradovich, Nick, O'Hare, Megan B, Oreszczyn, Tadj, Otto, Matthias, Owfi, Fereidoon, Pearman, Olivia, Rabbaniha, Mahnaz, Robinson, Elizabeth J Z, Rocklöv, Joacim, Salas, Renee N, Semenza, Jan C, Sherman, Jodi D, Shi, Liuhua, Shumake-Guillemot, Joy, Silbert, Grant, Sofiev, Mikhail, Springmann, Marco, Stowell, Jennifer, Tabatabaei, Meisam, Taylor, Jonathon, Triñanes, Joaquin, Wagner, Fabian, Wilkinson, Paul, Winning, Matthew, Yglesias-González, Marisol, Zhang, Shihui, Gong, Peng, Montgomery, Hugh, and Costello, Anthony

Published
2022
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24. Five‐year outcomes of fractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy for oligometastatic prostate cancer from the TRANSFORM phase II trial.

Author

See, Andrew W., Conway, Paul, Frydenberg, Mark, Haxhimolla, Hodo, Costello, Anthony J., Moon, Daniel, Ruljancich, Paul, Grummet, Jeremy, Pranavan, Ganes, Peters, Justin, Smyth, Lloyd M. L., Gwini, Stella M., McKenzie, Dean P., and Bowden, Patrick

Subjects
ANDROGEN deprivation therapy, STEREOTACTIC radiotherapy, CANCER treatment, PROSTATE-specific antigen, CONFIDENCE intervals, PROSTATE cancer
Abstract

Metastasis‐directed therapy (MDT) for oligometastatic prostate cancer (PCa), including stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), has shown promise but is still considered investigational. This is the 5‐year analysis of the TRANSFORM trial, the largest prospective cohort of men with oligometastatic PCa treated with SBRT‐based MDT. The primary endpoint was 5‐year treatment escalation‐free survival (TE‐FS), defined as freedom from any new cancer therapy other than further SBRT. In total, 199 men received SBRT; 76.4% were hormone‐naïve at baseline. The rate of 5‐year TE‐FS was 21.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.7%–28.7%) overall and 25.4% (95% CI: 18.1%–33.9%) in the hormone‐naïve subgroup. The subgroups with International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Groups 4–5 disease (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.05–2.01, p =.026), a higher baseline prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) (HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.09, p <.001) and those who received prior androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (HR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.40–3.26, p <.001), were at greater risk of treatment escalation. Outcomes for participants with four or five initial lesions were comparable to those with one to three lesions. At last follow‐up, 18.9% (95% CI: 13.2%–25.7%) of participants were free from treatment escalation (median follow‐up of 67.9 months) and two participants had an undetectable PSA level. No treatment‐related grade three or higher adverse events were reported. The findings of this study demonstrate that SBRT‐based MDT is an effective option for delaying systemic treatment escalation in the context of oligometastatic PCa. Future randomised trials comparing SBRT‐based MDT to standard‐of‐care ADT‐based approaches are required to evaluate the impact of delaying ADT on survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. MSH2-deficient prostate tumours have a distinct immune response and clinical outcome compared to MSH2-deficient colorectal or endometrial cancer

Author

McCoy, Patrick, Mangiola, Stefano, Macintyre, Geoff, Hutchinson, Ryan, Tran, Ben, Pope, Bernard, Georgeson, Peter, Hong, Matthew K. H., Kurganovs, Natalie, Lunke, Sebastian, Clarkson, Michael J., Cmero, Marek, Kerger, Michael, Stuchbery, Ryan, Chow, Ken, Haviv, Izhak, Ryan, Andrew, Costello, Anthony J., Corcoran, Niall M., and Hovens, Christopher M.

Published
2021
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26. The impact of excluding adverse neonatal outcomes on the creation of gestational weight gain charts among women from low- and middle-income countries with normal and overweight BMI

Author

Bousquet Carrilho, Thais Rangel, primary, Wang, Dongqing, additional, Hutcheon, Jennifer A., additional, Wang, Molin, additional, Fawzi, Wafaie W., additional, Kac, Gilberto, additional, Accrombessi, Manfred, additional, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, additional, Alves, João Guilherme, additional, Leal de Araújo, Carla Adriane, additional, Arifeen, Shams, additional, Artes, Rinaldo, additional, Ashorn, Per, additional, Ashorn, Ulla, additional, Assefa, Nega, additional, Ayoola, Omolola Olukemi, additional, Azizi, Fereidoun, additional, Bawah, Ahmed Tijani, additional, Behboudi-Gandevani, Samira, additional, Berhane, Yemane, additional, Bernstein, Robin, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar, additional, Briand, Valérie, additional, Calvo, Elvira Beatriz, additional, Cardoso, Marly Augusto, additional, Cheng, Yue, additional, Chico-Barba, Gabriela, additional, Clayton, Peter Ellis, additional, Collins, Shalean M., additional, Costello, Anthony M., additional, Cruickshank, John Kennedy, additional, Devakumar, Delanjathan, additional, Dewey, Kathryn G., additional, Dwarkanath, Pratibha, additional, Estrada-Gutierrez, Guadalupe, additional, Fair, Frankie J., additional, Farias, Dayana Rodrigues, additional, Friis, Henrik, additional, Ghosh, Shibani, additional, Girard, Amy Webb, additional, Gomo, Exnevia, additional, Gondwe, Austrida, additional, Hallamaa, Lotta, additional, Hambidge, K. Michael, additional, Hussein, Hawawu, additional, Huybregts, Lieven, additional, Iqbal, Romaina, additional, Katz, Joanne, additional, Khatry, Subarna K., additional, Kolsteren, Patrick, additional, Krebs, Nancy F., additional, Kulmala, Teija, additional, Kumar, Pratap, additional, Kurpad, Anura V., additional, Lachat, Carl, additional, Lartey, Anna, additional, Lauer, Jacqueline M., additional, Li, Qian, additional, Yang, Nianhong, additional, Lipoeto, Nur Indrawaty, additional, López, Laura Beatriz, additional, Loy, See Ling, additional, Maiya, G. Arun, additional, Maleta, Kenneth, additional, Malta, Maíra Barreto, additional, Manandhar, Dharma S., additional, Mangani, Charles, additional, Martínez-Rojano, Hugo, additional, Martin-Prevel, Yves, additional, Martorell, Reynaldo, additional, Matias, Susana L., additional, McClure, Elizabeth M., additional, Melse-Boonstra, Alida, additional, Miller, Joshua D., additional, Mohamad, Marhazlina, additional, Jan Mohamed, Hamid Jan, additional, Moore, Sophie, additional, Mosquera, Paola Soledad, additional, Mridha, Malay Kanti, additional, Munim, Shama, additional, Muñoz-Manrique, Cinthya, additional, Natamba, Barnabas K., additional, Ome-Kaius, Maria, additional, Osrin, David, additional, Perichart-Perera, Otilia, additional, Prentice, Andrew M., additional, Ramachandra, Preetha, additional, Ramakrishnan, Usha, additional, Rivera, Juan, additional, Roberfroid, Dominique, additional, Rodrigues, Patricia Lima, additional, Rodríguez-Cano, Ameyalli, additional, Rogerson, Stephen J., additional, Rondó, Patricia H.C., additional, Sámano, Reyna, additional, Saville, Naomi M., additional, Shivalli, Siddharudha, additional, Shrestha, Bhim P., additional, Shrestha, Robin, additional, Roberto da Silva Júnior, José, additional, Soltani, Hora, additional, Soofi, Sajid, additional, Tehrani, Fahimeh Ramezani, additional, Thomas, Tinku, additional, Tielsch, James M., additional, Unger, Holger W., additional, Vaz, Juliana dos Santos, additional, Worku, Alemayehu, additional, Young, Sera L., additional, Yussif, Adam Bawa, additional, Zeng, Lingxia, additional, Zhong, Chunrong, additional, and Zhu, Zhonghai, additional

Published
2024
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27. The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future

Author

Romanello, Marina, McGushin, Alice, Di Napoli, Claudia, Drummond, Paul, Hughes, Nick, Jamart, Louis, Kennard, Harry, Lampard, Pete, Solano Rodriguez, Baltazar, Arnell, Nigel, Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja, Belesova, Kristine, Cai, Wenjia, Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid, Capstick, Stuart, Chambers, Jonathan, Chu, Lingzhi, Ciampi, Luisa, Dalin, Carole, Dasandi, Niheer, Dasgupta, Shouro, Davies, Michael, Dominguez-Salas, Paula, Dubrow, Robert, Ebi, Kristie L, Eckelman, Matthew, Ekins, Paul, Escobar, Luis E, Georgeson, Lucien, Grace, Delia, Graham, Hilary, Gunther, Samuel H, Hartinger, Stella, He, Kehan, Heaviside, Clare, Hess, Jeremy, Hsu, Shih-Che, Jankin, Slava, Jimenez, Marcia P, Kelman, Ilan, Kiesewetter, Gregor, Kinney, Patrick L, Kjellstrom, Tord, Kniveton, Dominic, Lee, Jason K W, Lemke, Bruno, Liu, Yang, Liu, Zhao, Lott, Melissa, Lowe, Rachel, Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime, Maslin, Mark, McAllister, Lucy, McMichael, Celia, Mi, Zhifu, Milner, James, Minor, Kelton, Mohajeri, Nahid, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Morrissey, Karyn, Munzert, Simon, Murray, Kris A, Neville, Tara, Nilsson, Maria, Obradovich, Nick, Sewe, Maquins Odhiambo, Oreszczyn, Tadj, Otto, Matthias, Owfi, Fereidoon, Pearman, Olivia, Pencheon, David, Rabbaniha, Mahnaz, Robinson, Elizabeth, Rocklöv, Joacim, Salas, Renee N, Semenza, Jan C, Sherman, Jodi, Shi, Liuhua, Springmann, Marco, Tabatabaei, Meisam, Taylor, Jonathon, Trinanes, Joaquin, Shumake-Guillemot, Joy, Vu, Bryan, Wagner, Fabian, Wilkinson, Paul, Winning, Matthew, Yglesias, Marisol, Zhang, Shihui, Gong, Peng, Montgomery, Hugh, Costello, Anthony, and Hamilton, Ian

Published
2021
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29. The 2024 report of the LancetCountdown on health and climate change: facing record-breaking threats from delayed action

Author

Romanello, Marina, Walawender, Maria, Hsu, Shih-Che, Moskeland, Annalyse, Palmeiro-Silva, Yasna, Scamman, Daniel, Ali, Zakari, Ameli, Nadia, Angelova, Denitsa, Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja, Basart, Sara, Beagley, Jessica, Beggs, Paul J, Blanco-Villafuerte, Luciana, Cai, Wenjia, Callaghan, Max, Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid, Chambers, Jonathan D, Chicmana-Zapata, Victoria, Chu, Lingzhi, Cross, Troy J, van Daalen, Kim R, Dalin, Carole, Dasandi, Niheer, Dasgupta, Shouro, Davies, Michael, Dubrow, Robert, Eckelman, Matthew J, Ford, James D, Freyberg, Chris, Gasparyan, Olga, Gordon-Strachan, Georgiana, Grubb, Michael, Gunther, Samuel H, Hamilton, Ian, Hang, Yun, Hänninen, Risto, Hartinger, Stella, He, Kehan, Heidecke, Julian, Hess, Jeremy J, Jamart, Louis, Jankin, Slava, Jatkar, Harshavardhan, Jay, Ollie, Kelman, Ilan, Kennard, Harry, Kiesewetter, Gregor, Kinney, Patrick, Kniveton, Dominic, Kouznetsov, Rostislav, Lampard, Pete, Lee, Jason K W, Lemke, Bruno, Li, Bo, Liu, Yang, Liu, Zhao, Llabrés-Brustenga, Alba, Lott, Melissa, Lowe, Rachel, Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime, Maslin, Mark, McAllister, Lucy, McMichael, Celia, Mi, Zhifu, Milner, James, Minor, Kelton, Minx, Jan, Mohajeri, Nahid, Momen, Natalie C, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Morrisey, Karyn, Munzert, Simon, Murray, Kris A, Obradovich, Nick, O'Hare, Megan B, Oliveira, Camile, Oreszczyn, Tadj, Otto, Matthias, Owfi, Fereidoon, Pearman, Olivia L, Pega, Frank, Perishing, Andrew J, Pinho-Gomes, Ana-Catarina, Ponmattam, Jamie, Rabbaniha, Mahnaz, Rickman, Jamie, Robinson, Elizabeth, Rocklöv, Joacim, Rojas-Rueda, David, Salas, Renee N, Semenza, Jan C, Sherman, Jodi D, Shumake-Guillemot, Joy, Singh, Pratik, Sjödin, Henrik, Slater, Jessica, Sofiev, Mikhail, Sorensen, Cecilia, Springmann, Marco, Stalhandske, Zélie, Stowell, Jennifer D, Tabatabaei, Meisam, Taylor, Jonathon, Tong, Daniel, Tonne, Cathryn, Treskova, Marina, Trinanes, Joaquin A, Uppstu, Andreas, Wagner, Fabian, Warnecke, Laura, Whitcombe, Hannah, Xian, Peng, Zavaleta-Cortijo, Carol, Zhang, Chi, Zhang, Ran, Zhang, Shihui, Zhang, Ying, Zhu, Qiao, Gong, Peng, Montgomery, Hugh, and Costello, Anthony

Published
2024
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30. Citizens' preferences and the future of Europe: a case for the 'five scenarios' as deliberative entry-points in mini-publics.

Author

Costello, Anthony

Subjects
*POWER (Social sciences), *DELIBERATION, *POLITICAL science
Abstract

Mini publics have become cornerstones of the European Union's Future of Europe (FoE) initiative. However, weaknesses in their designs bring their political influence into question. Often-unsystematic in design, they fail to strengthen participants' understandings of the issues under evaluation and induce silo-thinking and the formation of pseudo-preferences. These come at a cost to informed and deliberatively deduced recommendations which speak to underlying functional/operational technicalities which fundamentally determine the form and delivery of policy interests. Guided by the adage that form follows function, this paper argues that mini publics pertaining to the FoE must primarily encourage participants to think about the ways policies are made in the EU before they formulate policy recommendations. To do this, they must consider the EU's overall form (or prospective forms). Utilising data from focus group analysis, the paper demonstrates that scenario (vignette) models are conducive to strengthening participants' understandings of both existing and alternative EU forms, and their functional consequences for EU policies, thus enabling them to formulate concrete and potentially deliverable policy recommendations. Subsequently, the paper encourages organisers of relevant mini-publics to employ the European Commission's 'Five Scenarios for the FoE' as entry-points to strengthen the deliberative quality and democratic outputs of such exercises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Genomic evolution shapes prostate cancer disease type

Author

Woodcock, Dan D.J., Sahli, Atef, Teslo, Ruxandra, Bhandari, Vinayak, Gruber, Andreas A.J., Ziubroniewicz, Aleksandra, Gundem, Gunes, Xu, Yaobo, Butler, Adam, Anokian, Ezequiel, Pope, Bernard B.J., Jung, Chol Hee, Tarabichi, Maxime, Dentro, Stefan S.C., Farmery, James J.H.R., Van Loo, Peter, Warren, Anne Yvonne, Gnanapragasam, Vincent, Hamdy, Freddie, Bova, Gregory Steven, Foster, Christopher, Neal, David D.E., Lu, Yong Jie, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Fraser, Michael, Bristow, Robert R.G., Boutros, Paul P.C., Costello, Anthony A.J., Corcoran, Niall, Hovens, Christopher CM, Massie, Charlie C.E., Lynch, Andy G, Brewer, Daniel, Eeles, Rosalind, Cooper, Colin, Wedge, David, Woodcock, Dan D.J., Sahli, Atef, Teslo, Ruxandra, Bhandari, Vinayak, Gruber, Andreas A.J., Ziubroniewicz, Aleksandra, Gundem, Gunes, Xu, Yaobo, Butler, Adam, Anokian, Ezequiel, Pope, Bernard B.J., Jung, Chol Hee, Tarabichi, Maxime, Dentro, Stefan S.C., Farmery, James J.H.R., Van Loo, Peter, Warren, Anne Yvonne, Gnanapragasam, Vincent, Hamdy, Freddie, Bova, Gregory Steven, Foster, Christopher, Neal, David D.E., Lu, Yong Jie, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Fraser, Michael, Bristow, Robert R.G., Boutros, Paul P.C., Costello, Anthony A.J., Corcoran, Niall, Hovens, Christopher CM, Massie, Charlie C.E., Lynch, Andy G, Brewer, Daniel, Eeles, Rosalind, Cooper, Colin, and Wedge, David

Abstract

The development of cancer is an evolutionary process involving the sequential acquisition of genetic alterations that disrupt normal biological processes, enabling tumor cells to rapidly proliferate and eventually invade and metastasize to other tissues. We investigated the genomic evolution of prostate cancer through the application of three separate classification methods, each designed to investigate a different aspect of tumor evolution. Integrating the results revealed the existence of two distinct types of prostate cancer that arise from divergent evolutionary trajectories, designated as the Canonical and Alternative evolutionary disease types. We therefore propose the evotype model for prostate cancer evolution wherein Alternative-evotype tumors diverge from those of the Canonical-evotype through the stochastic accumulation of genetic alterations associated with disruptions to androgen receptor DNA binding. Our model unifies many previous molecular observations, providing a powerful new framework to investigate prostate cancer disease progression., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2024

32. The Green Print: Advancement of Environmental Sustainability in Healthcare

Author

Sherman, Jodi D., Thiel, Cassandra, MacNeill, Andrea, Eckelman, Matthew J., Dubrow, Robert, Hopf, Harriet, Lagasse, Robert, Bialowitz, Joseph, Costello, Anthony, Forbes, McGain, Stancliffe, Rachel, Anastas, Paul, Anderko, Laura, Baratz, Mark, Barna, Stefi, Bhatnagar, Urvashi, Burnham, Jason, Cai, Yizhen, Cassels-Brown, Andy, Cimprich, Alexander F.P., Cole, Heidi, Coronado-Garcia, Lorea, Duane, Brett, Grisotti, Gabriella, Hartwell, Arthy, Kumar, Varshini, Kurth, Ann, Leapman, Michael, Morris, Daniel S., Overcash, Michael, Parvatker, Abhijeet G., Pencheon, David, Pollard, Adam, Robaire, Bernard, Rockne, Karl, Sadler, Blair L., Schenk, Beth, Sethi, Tushar, Sussman, L. Scott, Thompson, Jeff, Twomey, Janet M., Vermund, Sten H., Vukelich, Daniel, Wasim, Natasha, Wilson, Debbie, Young, Steven B., Zimmerman, Julie, and Bilec, Melissa M.

Published
2020
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33. Lymphovascular Invasion at the Time of Radical Prostatectomy Adversely Impacts Oncological Outcomes

Author

Sathianathen, Niranjan J., primary, Furrer, Marc A., additional, Mulholland, Clancy J., additional, Katsios, Andreas, additional, Soliman, Christopher, additional, Lawrentschuk, Nathan, additional, Peters, Justin S., additional, Zargar, Homi, additional, Costello, Anthony J., additional, Hovens, Christopher M., additional, Bishop, Conrad, additional, Rao, Ranjit, additional, Tong, Raymond, additional, Steiner, Daniel, additional, Moon, Daniel, additional, Thomas, Benjamin C., additional, Dundee, Philip, additional, Calero, Jose Antonio Rodriguez, additional, Thalmann, George N., additional, and Corcoran, Niall M., additional

Published
2023
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34. Children in All Policies (CAP) 2030 Citizen Science for Climate Change Resilience: a cross-sectional pilot study engaging adolescents to study climate hazards, biodiversity and nutrition in rural Nepal

Author

Hoernke, Katarina, primary, Shrestha, Aishworya, additional, Pokhrel, Bhawak, additional, Timberlake, Thomas, additional, Giri, Santosh, additional, Sapkota, Sujan, additional, Dalglish, Sarah, additional, Costello, Anthony, additional, and Saville, Naomi, additional

Published
2023
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35. Transcriptome sequencing and multi-plex imaging of prostate cancer microenvironment reveals a dominant role for monocytic cells in progression

Author

Mangiola, Stefano, McCoy, Patrick, Modrak, Martin, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Fernando, Blashki, Daniel, Stuchbery, Ryan, Keam, Simon P., Kerger, Michael, Chow, Ken, Nasa, Chayanica, Le Page, Melanie, Lister, Natalie, Monard, Simon, Peters, Justin, Dundee, Phil, Williams, Scott G., Costello, Anthony J., Neeson, Paul J., Pal, Bhupinder, Huntington, Nicholas D., Corcoran, Niall M., Papenfuss, Anthony T., and Hovens, Christopher M.

Published
2021
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37. The Molecular Taxonomy of Primary Prostate Cancer

Author

Network, The Cancer Genome Atlas Research, Abeshouse, Adam, Ahn, Jaeil, Akbani, Rehan, Ally, Adrian, Amin, Samirkumar, Andry, Christopher D, Annala, Matti, Aprikian, Armen, Armenia, Joshua, Arora, Arshi, Auman, J Todd, Balasundaram, Miruna, Balu, Saianand, Barbieri, Christopher E, Bauer, Thomas, Benz, Christopher C, Bergeron, Alain, Beroukhim, Rameen, Berrios, Mario, Bivol, Adrian, Bodenheimer, Tom, Boice, Lori, Bootwalla, Moiz S, dos Reis, Rodolfo Borges, Boutros, Paul C, Bowen, Jay, Bowlby, Reanne, Boyd, Jeffrey, Bradley, Robert K, Breggia, Anne, Brimo, Fadi, Bristow, Christopher A, Brooks, Denise, Broom, Bradley M, Bryce, Alan H, Bubley, Glenn, Burks, Eric, Butterfield, Yaron SN, Button, Michael, Canes, David, Carlotti, Carlos G, Carlsen, Rebecca, Carmel, Michel, Carroll, Peter R, Carter, Scott L, Cartun, Richard, Carver, Brett S, Chan, June M, Chang, Matthew T, Chen, Yu, Cherniack, Andrew D, Chevalier, Simone, Chin, Lynda, Cho, Juok, Chu, Andy, Chuah, Eric, Chudamani, Sudha, Cibulskis, Kristian, Ciriello, Giovanni, Clarke, Amanda, Cooperberg, Matthew R, Corcoran, Niall M, Costello, Anthony J, Cowan, Janet, Crain, Daniel, Curley, Erin, David, Kerstin, Demchok, John A, Demichelis, Francesca, Dhalla, Noreen, Dhir, Rajiv, Doueik, Alexandre, Drake, Bettina, Dvinge, Heidi, Dyakova, Natalya, Felau, Ina, Ferguson, Martin L, Frazer, Scott, Freedland, Stephen, Fu, Yao, Gabriel, Stacey B, Gao, Jianjiong, Gardner, Johanna, Gastier-Foster, Julie M, Gehlenborg, Nils, Gerken, Mark, Gerstein, Mark B, Getz, Gad, Godwin, Andrew K, Gopalan, Anuradha, Graefen, Markus, Graim, Kiley, Gribbin, Thomas, Guin, Ranabir, Gupta, Manaswi, Hadjipanayis, Angela, Haider, Syed, Hamel, Lucie, and Hayes, D Neil

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Human Genome, Cancer, Genetic Testing, Genetics, Urologic Diseases, Prostate Cancer, Good Health and Well Being, DNA Repair, Epigenesis, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Gene Fusion, Humans, Male, Mutation, Neoplasm Metastasis, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Prostatic Neoplasms, Receptors, Androgen, Signal Transduction, ras Proteins, Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

There is substantial heterogeneity among primary prostate cancers, evident in the spectrum of molecular abnormalities and its variable clinical course. As part of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we present a comprehensive molecular analysis of 333 primary prostate carcinomas. Our results revealed a molecular taxonomy in which 74% of these tumors fell into one of seven subtypes defined by specific gene fusions (ERG, ETV1/4, and FLI1) or mutations (SPOP, FOXA1, and IDH1). Epigenetic profiles showed substantial heterogeneity, including an IDH1 mutant subset with a methylator phenotype. Androgen receptor (AR) activity varied widely and in a subtype-specific manner, with SPOP and FOXA1 mutant tumors having the highest levels of AR-induced transcripts. 25% of the prostate cancers had a presumed actionable lesion in the PI3K or MAPK signaling pathways, and DNA repair genes were inactivated in 19%. Our analysis reveals molecular heterogeneity among primary prostate cancers, as well as potentially actionable molecular defects.

Published
2015

39. The Estimated Prevalence of Autism in School-Aged Children Living in Rural Nepal Using a Population-Based Screening Tool

Author

Heys, Michelle, Gibbons, Felicity, Haworth,, Medeiros, Emilie, Tumbahangphe, Kirti Man, Wickenden, Mary, Shrestha, Merina, Costello, Anthony, Manandhar, Dharma, and Pellicano, Elizabeth

Abstract

Few data exist on the prevalence of autism in low-income countries. We translated, adapted and tested the acceptability of a Nepali-language version of a screening tool for autism (Autism Quotient-10). Using this tool, we estimated autism prevalence in 4098 rural Nepali children aged 9-13 years. Fourteen children scored > 6 out of 10, indicative of elevated autistic symptomatology, of which 13 also screened positive for disability. If the AQ-10 screening tool is as sensitive and specific in the Nepali population as it is in the UK, this would yield an estimated true prevalence of 3 in 1000 (95% confidence interval 2-5 in 1000). Future research is required to validate this tool through in-depth assessments of high-scoring children.

Published
2018
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45. The Melbourne Consensus Statement on the early detection of prostate cancer.

Author

Murphy, Declan G, Ahlering, Thomas, Catalona, William J, Crowe, Helen, Crowe, Jane, Clarke, Noel, Cooperberg, Matthew, Gillatt, David, Gleave, Martin, Loeb, Stacy, Roobol, Monique, Sartor, Oliver, Pickles, Tom, Wootten, Addie, Walsh, Patrick C, and Costello, Anthony J

Subjects
Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Prostate-Specific Antigen, Tumor Markers, Biological, Mass Screening, Risk Factors, Consensus, Decision Making, Aged, Middle Aged, Australia, Male, Digital Rectal Examination, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Early Detection of Cancer, PSA testing, guideline, prostate cancer, risk stratification, screening, Biomarkers, Tumor, Tumor Markers, Biological, Biomarkers, Tumor, Urology & Nephrology, Clinical Sciences
Abstract

Various conflicting guidelines and recommendations about prostate cancer screening and early detection have left both clinicians and their patients quite confused. At the Prostate Cancer World Congress held in Melbourne in August 2013, a multidisciplinary group of the world's leading experts in this area gathered together and generated this set of consensus statements to bring some clarity to this confusion. The five consensus statements provide clear guidance for clinicians counselling their patients about the early detection of prostate cancer.

Published
2014

50. State of the World's Newborns: A Report from Saving Newborn Lives.

Author

Save the Children, Westport, CT., Costello, Anthony, Francis, Victoria, Byrne, Ali, and Puddephatt, Claire

Abstract

There has been little change in newborn mortality in the past 20 years, even through proven, cost-effective solutions exist to save many of these young lives. This report reviews the most recent data on the newborn, revealing the alarming poor health and quality of health care for mothers and newborns in virtually all impoverished countries. The report identifies infections, complications of prematurity, and birth asphyxia and injuries as the primary causes of newborn mortality, with low birth weight an important secondary factor. Another major cause of neonatal deaths in developing countries is identified as poor maternal health, especially during pregnancy. The report argues that many of these neonatal deaths can be prevented with three cost-effective solutions that do not depend on highly technical training or sophisticated equipment: (1) tetanus toxoid immunization; (2) skilled health care at delivery; and (3) immediate and exclusive breastfeeding. Further, the report maintains that policymakers, nongovernmental organizations, health care professionals, and community leaders need to collaborate in strengthening existing health care delivery systems to provide expectant mothers and their babies the care they need. A key part to this effort is advocating for and creating policies that address newborns' special needs. The report's appendices include tables providing information on newborn health status and on newborn health services and practices, by country, and as well as each country's rank on the Human Development Index, a composite indicator of development status that includes life expectancy at birth, educational achievement, and real gross domestic product per capita. (Contains 84 endnotes.) (KB)

Published
2001

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